motivated by (IP) and its violation does not imply that the quantum world is non-local in that there are superluminal causal relations between distant events. For (LC) to be motivated by causal considerations such as (IP), the probabilities (LC) speaks of must be understood to be chances, including $Ch_{p}(e_{A})$ and $Ch_{q}(e_{A})$. But neither of these would be altered by the specification of the outcome \[$V_{B}$\] in a space-like separated region, so local causality would then not be violated. Although it remains unclear exactly how (LC) (or (LC$_{SU}$)) is supposed to be applied to quantum mechanics, one way of applying it is unmotivated by (IP), while if it is applied in another way quantum mechanics does *not* violate this local causality condition.

Chance and Causation
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Suppose in the EPR-Bohm scenario that the outcome in region $\mathbf{2}$ had been of type $H_{B}$ instead of $V_{B}$: then $Ch_{q}(e_{A})$ would have been 0 instead of 1. Suppose that the polarization axis for the measurement in region $\mathbf{2}$ had been rotated through $60{{}^\circ}$: then $Ch_{q}(e_{A})$ would have been $\frac14$ or $\frac34$, depending on the outcome in region $\mathbf{2}$. Or suppose that no polarization measurement had been performed in region $\mathbf{2}$: then $Ch_{q}(e_{A})$ would have 