aortic valves can be clearly seen (Fig \[valve\_ident\]-a). In the LA Apical two-chambered (Fig \[valve\_ident\]-b) and Apical four-chambered views (Fig \[valve\_ident\]-c), the mitral leaflets can be observed and the SA basal section the mitral orifice is clearly visible (Fig \[valve\_ident\]-d). The boundaries for valve leaflets and orifice on all the frames (approximately at 30 fps) are manually identified using ImageJ software [@schindelin2015imagej] (Fig \[valve\_ident\]). After the color pixelation, the following two manipulations are made to the images:

1\) Inverting the ’Red’ pixel values ($I_R$) (Fig \[LSF\]-b), $$I_R=255-I_R
\label{Inverting}$$ considering that the images are in $8$-bit RGB format, and,

2\) Intensity reduction (Fig \[LSF\]-c) $$I_R=
\left\lbrace 
\begin{tabular}{cc}
$0$ & if~ $I_R-250<0$\\
$40$ & otherwise 
\end{tabular}
\right.
\label{Intensity}$$ Since the echo images are in grayscale all the pixels have approximately the same R, G, and B values. However, the colored pixels, the RGB intensities are not similar. The valves’ leaflet are identified by the blue color, the $I_R$ from Step $1$ is close to $255$ ($250$ for blue values is considered as the threshold, however, other values close to $255$ also can be used) and the above filter can assign every pixel valve in the image to $0$ except for the leaflet 