described in Sec. \[sec:model\]. Sec. \[sec:EMA\] presents an analysis based upon the effective momentum approximation (EMA) that permits direct comparison between nonrelativistic and relativistic bound-state wave functions. Sec. \[sec:RDWIA\] presents a more rigorous analysis, without using the EMA, of both spectroscopic factors and transparency. Our conclusions are summarized in Sec. \[sec:conclusions\].

Model and Data {#sec:model}
==============

Detailed descriptions of RDWIA for $(e,e^\prime p)$ reactions are been given in many recent papers. We will use the methods and terminology of Refs. [@Fissum04; @Kelly05a]. All calculations treat electron distortion in the $q_\text{eff}$ approximation and use the CC2 current operator with MMD form factors [@MMD] in Coulomb gauge. Optical potentials for Dirac phenomenology were taken from the global analysis by Cooper [[*et al.* ]{}]{}[@Cooper93]. We consider Dirac-Hartree wave functions from the original Horowitz and Serot (HS) analysis [@Horowitz86] and NLSH wave functions from Sharma [[*et al.* ]{}]{}[@Sharma93]. In addition we consider Woods-Saxon wave functions fit to $^{12}$C$(e,e^\prime p)$ data.

The data we consider are summarized in Table \[table:data\]. Reduced cross sections for the Tokyo, Saclay, and SLAC data were provided by Lapikás [@Lapikas00; @Lapikas04] and include small adjustments to a common convention for reduced cross section. In addition, radiative corrections were applied to 