in the health domain [@6334808], the importance of middleware also raises. Given the cyber-physical systems relation to medical devices, also the medical software has vital safety requirements that force it to adhere to strict parameters concerning data accuracy, integrity, security, and verification. This means that its design should follow strict rigorous validation and verification techniques just as CPS do.

Analysis of medical devices characteristics
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### Safety.

*Safety* [@7814546] is the most important parameter in the development of medical systems. For this, their design must comply to standards like: European MDD [@199342EC; @200747EC], ISO 13485 [@134852012], IEC 62366 [@623662007], ISO 14971 [@149712012] and others.

The high variability (e.g., displays, sensors, actuators, communication capacities, and even materials) across different devices challenges their design.

To overcome the communication challenges, medical devices are progressively provided with standard input/output ports, leaving behind the propietary data output ports that would highly vary across suppliers of medical devices. The most common ports are RS 232 port (DB-9, DB-15, and DB-25), RJ 45, wireless LAN, Bluetooth, USB, or some proprietary data connection systems developed by suppliers for using data by their own IT systems. The following are the most common hardware connections used by suppliers to input 