solutions. The network of the care center (i.e., hospital, etc.) has different computational servers, switches, data recorders and medical devices/equipment; the latter ones have to be integrated in the network as Plug and Play (PnP) devices. Manufacturers have to adhere to standards for medical systems (operation, data exchange, etc.) in order to achieve integrability in the network. Improving the assistance given to patients depends greatly on the capacity of medical systems to collect large data amounts in real-time, exchange them, process them, and create new knowledge that could assist the medical decisions. Collecting data from multiple sensors and devices can only be done if *interoperability* is achieved effectively, efficiently, and in a timely manner.

Interoperability is fundamental in the medical domain. At the same time, it is a great challenge given the enormous variety of actors ranging from medical devices to computational units, to human actors. As defined in [@fdainteroperability], *medical device interoperability* is the ability to safely, securely, and effectively exchange and use information among one or more devices, products, technologies, or systems. The data that is exchanged can be used for a number of purposes such as display patient information monitoring, storage, interpretation, analysis, and take autonomous action 