---
author:
- |
    L. J. Bignell$^a$[^1] , D. Beznosko$^{a,c}$, M. V. Diwan$^a$, S. Hans$^b$, D. E. Jaffe$^a$, S. Kettell$^a$, R. Rosero$^b$, H. W. Themann$^{a,d}$, B. Viren$^a$, E. Worcester$^a$, M. Yeh$^b$, and C. Zhang$^a$\
    Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory,\
    Upton NY, USA\
    Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory,\
    Upton NY, USA\
    Now at Department of Physics, Nazarbayev University,\
    Astana , Kazakhstan\
    Now at Center for Axion and Precision Physics Research, Institute for Basic Science,\
    Daejeon, Republic of Korea\
    E-mail:
title: 'Characterization and Modeling of a Water-based Liquid Scintillator'
---

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Introduction {#sec:Intro}
============

Water-based liquid scintillator (WbLS) is a recently developed scintillating material that has been identified as a candidate detector medium for the next generation of intensity frontier particle physics experiments [@Yeh2011]. WbLS is a stable scintillating emulsion with a large fraction of aqueous phase.

With suitable chemical purification and material optimisation, WbLS may be produced with an optical attenuation of tens of meters in the photon energy range relevant to detection by bialkali photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) (figure \[fig:UVVIS\]). Such a long optical attenuation length would make Cherenkov imaging feasible in a large WbLS detector, which is not possible in large detectors filled with ordinary liquid scintillator. As a scintillating 