flow solver as an input for each time step to classify the background domain’s nodes into fluid, boundary, and solid using an efficient ray tracing algorithm [@borazjani2008curvilinear] which can handle thick, closed-surface bodies. To classify the nodes corresponding to heart valves, which are provided as thin structures, an immersed boundary nodes classification algorithm for thin bodies is used [@borazjani2013fluid]. After immersed boundary nodes classification, the boundary conditions on the solid/fluid interface are reconstructed using the velocity of the 3D reconstructed LV surface using no-slip condition. Finally, the blood flow is driven from/into LV using the volume flux equal to the volumetric change of the LV. The simulations are performed for two cardiac cycles to let the flow reach a quasi-steady state.

Computational setup {#Computational setup}
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To minimize the influences of the inlet/outlet boundary conditions on the flow inside the LV, simplified surfaces (not from any medical images) are generated to model left atrium and aorta. These geometries are generated in a way to make the dimensions of the surfaces have realistic values in comparison to the reconstructed LV based on data measurements in previous works [@vriz2014normal; @otani2016three]. The complete reconstructed geometry used for CFD simulations can be seen in 