flux resolves the problems posed by a shallow (or inconsequential) meridional flow.

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   ![Solar cycle simulations with a shallow meridional flow. The toroidal (a) and poloidal (b) components of the magnetic field is depicted within the computational domain at a phase corresponding to cycle maxima. The solar interior shows the existence of two toroidal field belts, one at the base of the convection zone and the other at near-surface layers where the shallow equatorward meridional counterflow is located. Region between two dashed circular arcs indicates the tachocline. (c) A butterfly diagram generated at the base of convection zone showing the spatiotemporal evolution of the toroidal field. Latitude are in degrees. Clearly, there is no dominant equatorward propagation of the toroidal field belt and the solution displays quadrupolar parity (i.e., symmetric toroidal field across the equator) which do not agree with observations.](fig2a.eps "fig:")  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              (a)                                          (b)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
   ![Solar cycle simulations with a shallow meridional flow. The toroidal (a) and poloidal (b) components of the magnetic field is depicted within the computational domain at a phase corresponding to cycle maxima. The solar interior shows the existence of two toroidal field belts, one at the base of the convection zone and the other at 