bottom layer forcing, thereby disregarding a possible entanglement between the Ekman term and the nonlinear interlayer interaction. Based on these results, we argue that the Tung-Orlando theory can account for the approximate coincidence between $k_t$ and $k_R$. We also identify certain open questions that require further investigation via numerical simulations.'
author:
- Eleftherios Gkioulekas
bibliography:
- 'references.bib'
title: 'The effect of asymmetric large-scale dissipation on energy and potential enstrophy injection in two-layer quasi-geostrophic turbulence'
---

Introduction
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Quasi-geostrophic models capture the dynamics of the atmosphere at planetary scales greater than 100km, in order of magnitude. They are based on the assumptions of rapid rotation and small vertical thickness, both of which become pronounced features of the dynamics of atmospheric motion at increasingly larger length scales. The simplest quasi-geostrophic model is the two-layer model, in which we have two layers of two-dimensional vorticity-streamfunction equations, coupled by a temperature equation, situated in a mid-layer between the vorticity layers. Obviously, the two-layer model can be generalized by adding more layers of vorticity-streamfunction equations interlaced with temperature equation mid-layers. In the limit of an infinite number of layers, we converge to the full quasi-geostrophic model.

Until recently, it was assumed that quasi-geostrophic turbulence has 