minimal effort is required to add this functionality to existing systems.

We should also note that there are existing VM live migration methods for cloud environments [@LiveMigrationSurvey]. However, most of them are built for data centers, requiring the use of storage area networks (SANs) and shared storage. Moreover, these methods are usually specific to the underlying virtualization technology. The method presented in this article is designed to work over wide area networks (WANs) which is envisioned to be the way that MECs are interconnected, and it is a generic mechanism that applies for different types of containers and VMs.

A Layered Framework for Live Migration
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We present a generic layered migration framework using incremental file synchronization, which *works with both containers and VMs*. A benefit of this framework is that it is built based on readily available functionalities in most container and VM technologies that are popular today, which means that one does not need modify the internals of container and VM implementation in order to apply this framework.

We focus on LXC ([linuxcontainers.org](linuxcontainers.org)) and KVM ([www.linux-kvm.org](www.linux-kvm.org)) as representative technologies for containers and virtual machines, respectively. LXC and KVM are chosen for their popularity, and their ability to run 