was based on *electronic-state-dependent* lattices in which independent control over lattices for the metastable excited $^3$P$_0$ and ground $^1$S$_0$ levels is obtained by using light of different wavelengths. This is made possible by the fact that these levels are optically separated, providing very different AC polarisabilities for the states as a function of the wavelength. We showed how these two independent lattices could be used as a *storage* lattice for qubits encoded on the nuclear spin state, and a *transport* lattice to manipulate the qubits and perform gate operations [@aeshort]. A key theme in this context is that many schemes and concepts developed for alkali atoms, including certain techniques that have already been demonstrated in proof-of-principle alkali experiments simply work quantitatively better for alkaline earth atoms, where they are freed from important technical restrictions. In this sense, alkaline earth atoms represent an extremely important technological advance in various settings.

Here we present an alternative scheme to this previous proposal, in which we show that near-resonant coupling on the clock transition can produce frequency selective *nuclear-spin-dependent* lattices (see Fig. \[fig:levelstructure\]b,c). As in the case of electronic-state-dependent lattices, this makes it possible to produce state-dependent lattices without the restriction of having to 