\ell \nu)$ can be diminished with respect to the theoretical prediction if the penguin amplitude leads to a net enhancement of $\bar b \to \bar s$ and $\bar b \to \bar d$ transitions. The enhancement need not be large enough to conflict with any experimental upper limits on such transitions, which are in the range of a few percent of all $B$ decays [@slims].

2.  The number $n_c$ of charmed particles per average $B$ decay can be reduced by the reannihilation of $c \bar c$ to light quarks. The degree to which this improves agreement with experiment is a matter of some debate [@Lenz], since a recent SLD measurement [@SLD] finds $n_c = 1.238
    \pm 0.027 \pm 0.048 \pm 0.006$, closer to theoretical expectations than earlier values [@Barker].

3.  The enhancement of the inclusive branching ratio ${\cal B}(B \to \eta'
    X)$ [@CLEOeta] in comparison with theoretical expectations [@incl] can be explained.

4.  The required additional contribution [@eta] to the exclusive branching ratios ${\cal B}(B \to K \eta')$ [@CLEOeta], in comparison with the penguin contribution leading to $B^0 \to K^+ \pi^-$ or $B^+ \to K^0 \pi^+$, can be generated.

5.  In any $B \to K \pi$ process in which the dominant 