the low energy scale where the pionic chiral Lagrangian is applicable to a scale at which new degrees of freedom set in [@georgi-idea], thereby circumventing the breakdown of the pionic chiral theory and going beyond to the next energy scale. In our case, the scale is brought above the mass of the vector mesons $\rho$, $\omega$, $a_1$ etc. Furthermore. what is more important for our case is that thanks to local gauge symmetry, one can do a systematic chiral perturbation calculation with the vector mesons put on the same scale as the pions and access the regime where the vector mass is comparable to the pion mass.

The hidden local symmetry theory of Harada and Yamawaki[@HY:PR] – which is based on the earlier work of Bando et al. [@bandoetal] – was constructed in this way with the vector mesons $\rho$ and $\omega$ (which we label as $V_1$) as the hidden local fields together with the Goldstone pions.

This strategy of introducing a hidden gauge field can be extended to as many gauge fields as required by the energy scales one wants to deal with. There is however one important caveat here. Introducing gauge degrees of freedom in this way as 