---
author:
- 'Juste Raimbault [^1], Arnaud Banos [^2], and René Doursat [^3]\'
title: |
    **A Hybrid Network/Grid Model of\
    Urban Morphogenesis and Optimization**
---

[[**Abstract.**]{} We describe a hybrid agent-based model and simulation of urban morphogenesis. It consists of a cellular automata grid coupled to a dynamic network topology. The inherently *heterogeneous* properties of urban structure and function are taken into account in the dynamics of the system. We propose various layout and performance measures to categorize and explore the generated configurations. An *economic evaluation* metric was also designed using the sensitivity of segregation models to spatial configuration. Our model is applied to a real-world case, offering a means to optimize the distribution of activities in a zoning context.\
[**Keywords.**]{} agent-based modeling, cellular automata, bi-objective pareto optimization, evidence-based urbanism, urban morphogenesis.]{}

Introduction {#sec_intro}
============

Recent progress in many disciplines related to urban planning can be interpreted as the rise of a “new urban science” according to Batty [@batty2013new]. From agent-based models in quantitative geography [@heppenstall2012agent], in particular the successful Simpop series by Pumain et al. [@pumain2012multi], to other approaches termed “complexity theories of cities” by Portugali [@portugali2012book], involving physicists of information theory such as Haken [@haken2003face] or architects of 