(of order $34km^2$). We also represent on Fig. \[fig:maps\](b), the new streets created during the Haussmann period which covers roughly the second half of the 19th century. Even if we observe some evolution outside of this portion, most of the Haussmann works are comprised within this portion.

Results {#results .unnumbered}
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**Simple measures.**

In the following we will study the structure of the graph $G_t$ at different times $t$ (see the Methods section for precise definitions), having in mind that our goal is to identify the most important quantitative signatures of central planning during the evolution of this road network.

First basic measures include the evolution of the number of nodes $N$, edges $E$, and total length $L_{tot}$ of the networks (restricted to the area corresponding to 1789). In Fig. \[fig:general\_results\] we show the results for these indicators which display a clear acceleration during the Haussmann period (1836-1888).

The number of nodes increased from about 3000 in 1836 to about 6000 in 1888 and the total length increase from about 400 kms to almost 700kms, all this in about 50 years. It is interesting to note that this node increase corresponds essentially to an important increase in the population. In 