that they are anomalies. Indeed in the extensive Palomar optical spectroscopic survey of 486 nearby galaxies (Ho, Filippenko, & Sargent1997; henceforth H97), there are only 9 optically identified Seyferts with Hubble type of Sc or later. Only one galaxy of Hubble type of Scd or later in the entire survey is classified as a Seyfert (NGC 4395). Greene & Ho (2004, 2007) recently conducted an extensive search for broad-line AGN with intermediate mass black holes in the Fourth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (2004, 2007). Of the 8435 broad line AGN, they found only 174 (2%) such intermediate mass objects, indicating that they are extremely rare. Forty percent of these seem to be in late-type galaxies with colors consistent with morphological type Sab, although the Sloan images are of insufficient spatial resolution to extract precise morphological information. Optical observations thus clearly suggest that AGN in late-type galaxies are uncommon.

However, determining if AGN reside in low bulge galaxies cannot be definitively answered using optical observations alone. The problem arises because a putative AGN in a galaxy with a minimal bulge is likely to be both energetically weak and deeply embedded in the center of a dusty late-type 