the time evolution of the node betweenness centrality (with similar results for the edge BC). In the SI (see figure 3 of SI), we show the distribution of the node BC at different times. Apart from the fact that the average BC varies, we see that the tail of the distribution remains constant in time, showing that the statistics of very central nodes is not modified. From this point of view, the evolution of the road network follows a smooth behavior, even in the Haussmann period.

So far, most of the measures indicate that the evolution of the street network follows simple densification and exploration rules and is very similar to other areas studied [@Strano:2012]. At this point, it appears that Haussmann works didn’t change radically the structure of the city. However, we can suspect that Haussmann’s impact is very important on congestion and traffic and should therefore be seen on the spatial distribution of centrality. In the figure \[fig:maxvbc\], we show the maps of Paris at different times and we indicate the most central nodes (such that their centrality $g_v(i)$ is larger than $\max{g_v}/\alpha$ with $\alpha=10$ see the SI, for a discussion on the effect of the value of 