the wind anomaly, and is hence omitted.

\(2) Next is the delay oscillator model, where the sequence goes: an SST anomaly in the EP, a wind anomaly, Rossby and Kelvin waves and then an SST anomaly. Here, the effect of currents (include zonal and vertical flows) is combined with the wind, and the impact of waves (triggered by wind anomalies) to the depth adjustment of the thermocline in the EP is stressed. *There is another understanding to it: Maybe this adjustment is a response to current change rather than to wave stirring. In the far east Pacific, in case a cold (warm) water in the upper ocean is replaced by a warm (cold) water, it may result naturally in an SST anomaly and a thermoclinic adjustment.* In view of the fact that the upwelling region (along the Peruvian coast) is to the south of the equator, if this idea is true, the thermoclinic adjustment at the equator should be merely a result of, rather than a cause of, an SST anomaly. Moreover, a down-welling Kelvin wave can deepen the thermocline, but it does not necessarily add to the thickness of the ocean surface mixed layer that determines the heat content; 