### ART3 Gene Overview

**Gene Symbol:** ART3

**Description:** The ART3 gene encodes an arginine-specific ADP-ribosyltransferase enzyme. This enzyme is involved in the reversible post-translational modification of proteins through the addition or removal of ADP-ribose to arginine residues. This modification plays a crucial role in regulating the function of target proteins. The gene shows alternative splicing, resulting in multiple transcript variants, which encode different isoforms of the ART3 protein. The protein has been reported to possess O-glycosylation, possibly with core 1 or core 8 glycans.

### 1. Associated Genes

While the summaries do not specify associated genes, ART3 may have functional relationships or interactions with several other genes related to ADP-ribosylation, cellular signaling, or immune responses. Some of these could include:

- **PARP1 (Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1):** Known for its role in ADP-ribosylation and DNA repair.
- **SIRT1:** Involved in NAD+-dependent deacetylation and has roles in cellular stress responses and aging.
- **ADPRHL2:** Another ADP-ribosylhydrolase implicated in protein ADP-ribosylation.

### 2. Aging and Age-Related Diseases

While specific research linking ART3 directly to aging or age-related diseases is limited, the ADP-ribosylation process has been implicated in various cellular and metabolic functions that affect aging. For instance:

- **Implications in DNA Repair and Telomere Maintenance:** ADP-ribosylation is involved in DNA repair mechanisms, which are critical in combating age-related cellular damage.
- **Immune Function and Inflammation:** ART3 influences immune response mechanisms, which can be altered in aging and contribute to age-related diseases.
  
Studies evaluating the direct association between ART3 and aging or age-related diseases are needed for more precise connections.

### 3. Drug Interactions

Currently, specific drugs targeting ART3 directly have not been widely documented. However, possible interactions with drug classes could involve:

- **PARP Inhibitors:** As ART3 might have similar functional dynamics in terms of ADP-ribosylation, inhibitors of PARP enzymes could theoretically affect ART3-related pathways.
- **Immunomodulatory drugs:** Given its role in immune response modulation, ART3 may interact with drugs that modulate T-cell functions or overall immune responses.

More studies are needed to establish concrete drug interactions.

### 4. Pathways and Biological Processes

ART3 may participate in several key biological processes, including:

- **Protein ADP-ribosylation:** Central in post-translational modifications affecting protein function.
- **Cellular Signaling Pathways:** Particularly in pathways responding to stress and inflammation.
- **Immune Response:** As part of the T-cell activation process, where ADP-ribosylation plays a role in signaling.
- **Regulation of Apoptosis:** Modifying proteins associated with cell death pathways.

Additionally, ART3's involvement in modifying other proteins broadly highlights its role in diverse cellular functions and pathways, indicating its potential impact in physiology and pathophysiology.

### Conclusion

In summary, the ART3 gene encodes a vital enzyme involved in post-translational modifications via ADP-ribosylation, with implications in immune response, protein regulation, and potential associations with aging and disease. Further research will deepen our understanding of its biological significance and its relevance to health and disease.