### GPSM1 Gene Overview

**Gene Symbol**: GPSM1  
**Function**: The GPSM1 gene encodes a protein that acts as a G-protein signaling modulator, functioning independently of receptors to activate G-protein signaling pathways. It plays a role in enforcing the GDP-bound state of G(i/o) alpha subunits, effectively inhibiting the signaling mediated by heterotrimeric G-proteins associated with G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). 

#### 1. Associated Genes
**Known Associations**:  
GPSM1 is associated with various signaling pathways and cellular functions and may interact with different signaling proteins, including, but not limited to:
- **GNB1**, **GNB2** (G-protein beta subunits)
- **GNAI1**, **GNAO1** (G-protein alpha subunits)
- Other genes involved in cell signaling and proliferation mechanisms have been observed in studies but may require more context to determine direct associations.

#### 2. Aging and Age-Related Diseases
While specific studies detailing GPSM1's direct impact on aging or related diseases are limited, potential implications can be inferred:
- **Neurodegenerative Diseases**: Given its role in cortical progenitor cell orientation and fate, aberrations in GPSM1 function may contribute to neurodevelopmental disorders, which are often linked to aging and cognitive decline.
- **Cancer Biology**: Alterations in GPCR signaling, where GPSM1 plays a regulatory role, have been associated with various cancers. Proper G-protein signaling is critical for maintaining homeostasis, and dysregulation may lead to age-related malignancies.

#### 3. Drug and Drug Classes
Currently, there are no specific drugs directly targeting GPSM1 documented in major databases. However, since GPSM1 is involved in G-protein signaling pathways, it could theoretically interact with:
- **GPCR Targeted Drugs**: As it modulates G-protein signaling, it would interact indirectly with drugs that target GPCRs, which are often used in treating cardiovascular diseases, mental health disorders, and various endocrine functions.
- **CNS Drugs**: Studies have suggested a role in addiction, hinting at potential relationships with substances affecting neurotransmitter systems modulated by GPCRs.

#### 4. Pathways and Biological Processes
The GPSM1 gene is involved in multiple biological processes and signaling pathways, including:
- **G-protein Signaling Pathways**: Specifically inhibits GPCR signaling by maintaining the G(i/o) alpha subunit in a GDP-bound state.
- **Cell Division and Spindle Orientation**: Plays a significant role in asymmetric cell division, particularly in cerebral cortex development.
- **Macroautophagy**: Implicated in the process of autophagy within intestinal cells, potentially linking it to metabolic processes and homeostasis.
- **Neurodevelopment**: Likely influences cortical development and possibly neuroplasticity.
- **Cell Fate Determination**: Involved in determining the fate of progenitor cells, which can have implications for tissue regeneration and repair mechanisms.

In summary, GPSM1 serves as a critical modulator of G-protein signaling, influencing various cellular processes, and potentially affecting conditions related to aging, development, and response to pharmacological agents. Further research may shed light on its role in specific diseases and therapeutic contexts.