### ATP6V1G3 Gene Overview

**Gene Symbol:** ATP6V1G3  
**Location:** Chromosomal Location on Human Genome: Chromosome 17 (17p13.3)  
**Gene Function:** Encodes a subunit of the vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase), involved in acidifying eukaryotic intracellular organelles, which is critical for various cellular functions including protein sorting, zymogen activation, endocytosis, and maintaining pH in intracellular compartments. 

### 1. Associated Genes
ATP6V1G3 is part of a larger family of genes contributing to the V-ATPase complex. These include:

- **ATP6V0A1, ATP6V0A2:** Encoding subunits of the V0 domain.
- **ATP6AP1, ATP6AP2:** Accessory proteins that modulate V-ATPase activity.
- **ATP6V1B1, ATP6V1B2:** Additional B subunits of the V1 domain.
- ** ATP6V0C, ATP6V0D1, ATP6V0E1, ATP6V0D2:** Other subunits contributing to the V0 domain.

These genes collectively participate in the assembly and functional integrity of the vacuolar ATPase complex.

### 2. Aging and Age-Related Diseases
Research has indicated that V-ATPase activity, and by extension the function of ATP6V1G3, may be linked to senescence and age-related cellular dysfunction:

- **Cellular Senescence:** Altered V-ATPase function can affect lysosomal pH and contribute to the senescent phenotype, impacting cellular metabolism and tissue homeostasis.
- **Neurodegenerative Diseases:** V-ATPase has been implicated in various neurodegenerative conditions where endosomal/lysosomal dysfunction occurs (e.g., Alzheimer's disease).
- **Cancer:** Abnormal expression of V-ATPase components has been linked to tumor progression and metastasis, implicating ATP6V1G3 in cancer biology.

### 3. Drug Interactions
While there may not be specific drugs targeting ATP6V1G3 directly, several classes of drugs influence V-ATPase activity, including:

- **Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs):** Such as omeprazole and lansoprazole, which inhibit V-ATPase in gastric epithelium and are used to reduce stomach acid production.
- **Chloroquine and Bafilomycin A:** These compounds inhibit V-ATPase and are often used in research to study lysosomal function and autophagy pathways.

### 4. Pathways and Biological Processes
ATP6V1G3 is involved in several critical biological pathways:

- **Acidification of Organelles:** Essential for the function of lysosomes and endosomes, playing a key role in intracellular degradation and recycling.
- **Endocytosis:** Facilitates receptor-mediated endocytosis and the subsequent processing of endocytic cargo.
- **Autophagy:** V-ATPase is essential for the acidification required for lysosomal enzyme activity, which is integral to autophagic degradation.
- **Synaptic Vesicle Cycling:** Plays a role in generating the proton gradient essential for neurotransmitter uptake in synaptic vesicles.

Through its involvement in these pathways, ATP6V1G3 significantly impacts cellular homeostasis, signaling, and overall metabolic regulation in eukaryotic cells.