### GNB4 Gene Overview

**Gene Symbol:** GNB4  
**Function:** The GNB4 gene encodes a beta subunit of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins). These proteins play a crucial role in mediating signal transduction pathways from cell surface receptors to intracellular effectors, thereby regulating a variety of physiological processes.

#### 1. Associated Genes
The GNB4 gene may be associated with various signaling pathways and interacts with a range of other genes. Some notable associated genes may include:

- **GNA proteins:** Encodes for alpha subunits like GNAI1, GNAQ, and GNAT1, which work closely with GNB4 for proper G protein complex formation.
- **GNG proteins:** Other gamma subunits, such as GNG1, GNG2, and GNG10, which can form functional heterotrimeric G proteins with GNB4.
- **Receptor genes:** G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), such as ADRB2 (beta-adrenergic receptors), which can bind to G proteins like the one formed with GNB4. 

#### 2. Age-related Details
While direct research correlating GNB4 to aging and age-related diseases may be limited, alterations in G protein signaling pathways have been implicated in various age-related disorders:

- **Cardiovascular Disease:** Dysregulation of G protein signaling, including aberrant GNB4 activity, can contribute to cardiovascular aging and hypertension.
- **Neurodegenerative Diseases:** Changes in G protein signaling pathways may affect neurotransmission and are linked to disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, where G-protein coupled receptor signaling is altered.

#### 3. Drug Interactions
GNB4 is involved in several signaling pathways that may be targeted by various drug classes, although specific interactions are less frequently characterized. Some potential drug classes include:

- **Antipsychotics:** Many antipsychotic medications interact with GPCRs, which could indirectly involve G protein signaling pathways including those associated with GNB4.
- **Beta-blockers:** These are commonly used in treating cardiovascular diseases and act on beta-adrenergic receptors, influencing downstream signaling involving G protein subunits, including GNB4.
- **Antihypertensives:** Drugs that target pathways involving norepinephrine receptors may also indirectly interact with GNB4.

#### 4. Pathways and Biological Processes
GNB4 is involved in numerous biological processes and signaling pathways:

- **G Protein-Coupled Receptor (GPCR) Signaling:** GNB4 plays a crucial role in the activation of downstream signaling cascades initiated by GPCRs.
- **Signal Transduction:** Various biological processes, including responses to growth factors, hormones, and neurotransmitters, are mediated through G proteins.
- **Cytoskeletal Organization:** G protein signaling may influence cellular structure and motility.
- **Regulation of Cellular Processes:** GNB4 impacts numerous cellular functions, including proliferation, differentiation, and survival.

### Summary
The GNB4 gene is essential for proper G protein signaling, influencing a variety of physiological processes. Its associations with other genes, potential implications in age-related diseases, interactions with drug classes, and involvement in key biological pathways highlight its significance in both health and disease. Further research could provide insights into its precise roles and mechanisms in different contexts.