### IGF2R Gene Overview

**Gene Symbol:** IGF2R  
**Location:** Chromosome 6q26  
**Protein Product:** Insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor.

**Functions:** 
- The IGF2R gene encodes a receptor that plays a critical role in several biological processes:
  - Mediates the transport of phosphorylated lysosomal enzymes (specifically those with phosphomannosyl residues) from the Golgi apparatus to lysosomes.
  - Regulates the degradation of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2), a key regulator of growth and development.
  - It is involved in the activation of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), which is significant in cell proliferation, differentiation, and development.

### Associated Genes
- **DPP4 (Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4):** IGF2R interacts with DPP4, contributing to T-cell coactivation.
- **IGF1R (Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor):** While not directly mentioned in the summaries, IGF2R is functionally related to IGF1R in the IGF signaling pathway due to their roles in regulating growth factors.

### Aging and Age-Related Diseases
- **Cancer:** Loss-of-function mutations and decreased expression of IGF2R have been associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (liver cancer), suggesting its role in tumor suppression.
- **Aging:** Elevated IGF2 levels (due to decreased IGF2R activity) are observed in certain age-related pathologies, contributing to mechanisms of aging, including cellular senescence and the loss of tissue homeostasis. Alterations in the regulation of IGF signaling pathways are also implicated in various aging-related conditions such as metabolic disorders.
- **Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome:** Changes in the IGF pathway, including IGF2R expression, may influence weight gain and metabolic syndrome in older adults.

### Drug Interactions
While there are no specific drugs directly targeting IGF2R, it is important to note:
- **Insulin and IGF analogs** may indirectly interact with IGF2R through their regulatory effects on IGF pathways, particularly in the context of diabetes and metabolic disorders.
- **Monoclonal antibodies** and therapeutic agents targeting pathways involved in cancer treatment might affect IGF signaling, which includes the activity of IGF2R.

### Pathways and Biological Processes
- **Lysosomal Transport:** IGF2R is integral in the transport and sorting of lysosomal enzymes, thus impacting cellular housekeeping and degradation processes.
- **Insulin/IGF Signaling Pathway:** IGF2R plays a role in modulating the insulin-like growth factor signaling, critical for growth regulation and metabolic processes.
- **TGF-β Signaling Pathway:** IGF2R is involved in the activation of TGF-β, an important mediator in various cellular processes including immune response and apoptosis.
- **Mannose-6-Phosphate-Dependent Signaling:** IGF2R is crucial in the recognition and transport of enzymes involved in cellular metabolism within lysosomes, highlighting its role in endosomal and lysosomal pathways.

### Conclusion
The IGF2R gene has multifaceted roles that extend beyond receptor activity to impact critical biological processes, including lysosomal trafficking and modulation of growth factors. Its implications in aging and cancer underscore the importance of this gene in health and disease, while ongoing research continues to elucidate its potential as a therapeutic target.