### GNG10 Gene Overview

**Gene Symbol:** GNG10  
**Function:** GNG10 encodes a protein that serves as a gamma subunit of heterotrimeric G-proteins. It is predicted to have G-protein beta-subunit binding activity and is associated with the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling pathway. The protein is likely localized to the plasma membrane, where it participates in diverse signaling mechanisms by modulating or transducing signals from receptors to effectors.

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### 1. Associations with Other Genes

GNG10 may have associations with several other genes involved in G-protein signaling and various cellular processes. Though the specific genes are not detailed in the initial summaries, common associates in the context of G-protein signaling include:

- **GNB (G-protein beta subunits)**: Specifically, GNB1 and GNB2, which work in conjunction with GNG10.
- **RGS (Regulators of G-protein signaling)**: Such as RGS2 and RGS4 that negatively regulate G-protein signaling.
- **GNA (Alpha subunits)**: Beta and gamma subunits work alongside various G protein alpha subunits (e.g., GNAI, GNAL) in receptor signaling pathways.

### 2. Aging and Age-Related Diseases

While there may not be direct associations of GNG10 with specific aging-related diseases mentioned in the summary, emerging research in the field of molecular aging indicates that G-protein signaling pathways can influence cellular senescence and age-related physiological processes. Alterations in G-protein signaling have been linked to:

- **Neurodegenerative diseases**: These diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, may involve dysregulation of GPCR signaling, in which GNG10 could play a role due to its involvement in signaling pathways associated with neuronal functions.
- **Cardiovascular diseases**: G-protein signaling is critical in heart function, and changes in this signaling due to aging could predispose individuals to cardiovascular disorders.

### 3. Drug Interactions

GNG10 itself may not have specific drug interactions, but its role as a subunit in GPCR signaling suggests potential interactions with various drug classes affecting GPCR pathways. Common drug categories that might interact include:

- **Antihypertensives:** Drugs targeting GPCRs modulating blood pressure (e.g., beta-blockers).
- **Antipsychotics:** A range of medications targeting dopamine and serotonin receptors may be influenced by G-protein signaling that involves GNG10.
- **Opioids:** These drugs alter pain pathways through GPCR modulation, potentially implicating GNG10 in their signaling mechanisms.

Specific interactions have not been characterized in detail for GNG10, thus more research is necessary to elucidate its precise role in pharmacology.

### 4. Pathways and Biological Processes

GNG10 participates in several significant biological processes and pathways, particularly those involving:

- **G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway:** This encompasses a wide range of physiological functions and responses to external stimuli.
- **Regulation of cell signaling:** Involving processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.
- **Neurotransmitter signaling pathways:** It potentially affects neurotransmitter release as part of synaptic function.
- **Metabolic processes:** Through its role in hormonal signaling pathways that control metabolism.

In terms of specific pathways, GNG10 may be involved in pathways like:

- **GF signaling pathways**
- **Ras signaling pathways**
- **Cyclic nucleotide metabolism pathways** (influencing levels of cAMP and cGMP)
  
Overall, GNG10 plays a vital role in cellular signaling networks that regulate a multitude of physiological functions, with implications in health and disease, especially concerning age-related processes. Further research into this gene could provide more clarity on these interactions and processes.