### TES Gene Overview

**Gene Symbol**: TES  
**Location**: Chromosome 7q31.2 (common fragile site FRA7G)  
**Protein**: Testin

### Key Functions
- **Tumor Suppressor**: The TES gene encodes a scaffold protein that plays a role in inhibiting tumor cell growth.
- **Cell Adhesion and Cytoskeleton Organization**: It is involved in promoting cell adhesion, cell spreading, and reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton.
- **Cell Proliferation Regulation**: Acts as a negative regulator of cell growth, suggesting a potential role in proliferation control.

### Associated Genes
While specific gene interactions for TES are not broadly documented beyond its similarity to mouse Testin, research may highlight interactions with:
- **TP53**: Known for its role in tumor suppression, potentially impacting TES activity in cancer contexts.
- **AKT and β-catenin**: Possible involvement in signaling pathways where TES could regulate interactions that are crucial for various cell processes.

### Aging and Age-Related Diseases
The TES gene is not specifically detailed in the literature concerning aging or age-related diseases, but:
- **Tumor Suppression**: Since TES has functions related to tumor suppression, it could have implications for age-related cancer susceptibility due to increased cell proliferation and mutation rates in older individuals.
- **Cell Adhesion**: Changes in cell adhesion mechanisms are associated with aging, particularly in the context of tissue integrity and regenerative capacity.

### Drug Interactions
While there may not be a direct list of drugs that specifically target the TES protein, the following classes of drugs could interact indirectly due to their influence on pathways that involve TES:
- **Antitumor Agents**: Pharmaceuticals used in cancer treatment that may affect pathways involving tumor suppressor activity.
- **Hormonal Modulators**: Given the gene's responsiveness to testosterone, compounds affecting hormone levels might also influence TES expression.

### Pathways and Biological Processes
TES is involved in a multitude of pathways and biological processes, though specific pathways may vary based on cellular context. Key processes may include:
- **Cell Cycle Regulation**: Influencing checkpoints that control cell proliferation.
- **Signaling Pathways**: Engaging with growth factor signaling pathways that regulate growth and differentiation.
- **Cytoskeletal Organization**: Integral in processes that require cytoskeletal reorganization during cell movement and stability.

### Conclusion
The TES gene is fundamental for regulating cell adhesion, growth, and acting as a potential tumor suppressor in various contexts. Although more research is needed to explore comprehensive associations, its involvement in cancer biology and potential interactions with hormonal pathways positions it as significant for both tumor dynamics and possibly in mechanisms of aging. Further studies are essential to decode the full breadth of TES interactions and implications in diseases.