fei75766_ch04_107-148.indd 126  02/19/20 09:00 AM
Part II    Psychodynamic Theories126
Introverted Extraverted
A
B
C
FIGURE 4.3  The Balance of Introversion and Extraversion.
wasextraverted because itreduced experiences totheexternal world ofsexand
aggression. Conversely, Jungbelieved thatAdler’s theory wasintroverted because it
emphasized fictions andsubjective perceptions. Jung, ofcourse, sawhisowntheory 
asbalanced, abletoaccept boththeobjective andthesubjective.
Functions
Both introversion andextraversion cancombine withanyoneormore offourfunc-
tions, forming eight possible orientations, ortypes. Thefourfunctions—sensing, think -
ing,feeling, andintuiting—can bebriefly defined asfollows: Sensing tellspeople that
something exists; thinking enables them torecognize itsmeaning; feeling tellsthem 
itsvalue orworth; andintuition allows them toknow about itwithout knowing how
theyknow.
Thinking
Logical intellectual activity thatproduces achain ofideas iscalled thinking. The
thinking typecanbeeither extraverted orintroverted, depending onaperson’s basic 
attitude.Final PDF to printer