FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
Research in the field of ability EI must continue to focus on the development of objective measurement and
scoring methods. Moreover, much of the research in this area is based on Mayer and Salovey’s (1997) four-
branch model, which either could be seen as overly restricting the EI construct or alternatively giving it a clear,
concise and precise definition. But as has been the case with intelligence, the construction of a theoretical model
of ability EI requires ongoing development. Taken together, it will be important to develop and compare different
maximum-performance measures of the same model to help disentangle the effects of measurement methods
and theoretical content.
Research in the field of trait EI would benefit from moving towards a unifying model and measurement
domain to be used as a common basis for all measures. The presence of several measures is important to the
extent that they are based on a single model, or at least a small set of competing models. Having numerous mea-
sures with varying measurement domains, on the other hand, complicates the comparison of scores and the accu-
mulation of findings. Greater certainty in the boundaries of the underlying dimension and confidence in the
uniquely representative facets is needed.
Considering the wealth of facets across, and even within trait EI measures, a key issue to address is the identi-
fication of facets that are primarily related to individual-difference dimensions other than the one targeted by the
research community (trait EI). The same applies to potentially redundant facets, whose general variance is effi-
ciently distributed across other facets. Both these types of facet lead to inadequate representations of the underly-
ing dimension and are prone to compromising the explanatory power and incremental validity of trait EI
(Siegling & Petrides, 2013 ).
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III. EMOTION REGULATION