initial sample comprised 418 teachers who rated 1673 K-12 students. The SEARS-P was administered to a sample
of 2,356 parents or guardians of children and adolescents aged 5 to 18 years. Four subsamples were incorporated
into the normative sample as follows: SEARS-C: 1224 children in Grades 3 to 6 (aged 8 to 12 years); SEARS-A:
1,727 adolescents in Grades 7 to 12 (aged 13 to 18 years); SEARS-T: 1400 teachers of children in Grades K to 12
(aged 5 to 18 years); and SEARS-P: 1204 parents of children in Grades K to 12 (aged 5 to 18 years).
SEARS-C and SEARS-A
Reliability
Internal Consistency
For the SEARS-C and SEARS-A, Cronbach alpha coefficients of .95 and .96 were reported ( Cohn, Merrell,
Felver-Gant, Tom, & Endrulat, 2009 ). In a separate study across four administrations of the SEARS-C and SEARS-
A(Romer & Merrell, 2012 ), alpha coefficients ranged from .91 to .94, and from .92 to .95, respectively. Short forms
of the SEARS- C and SEARS-A exhibited alpha coefficients of .85 and .82, respectively.
Test/C0Retest
Stability coefficients for the SEARS-C and SEARS-A over a 2-week interval were .81 and .89, respectively, over
a 4-week interval .79 and .81, respectively, and over a 6-week interval .73 and .78, respectively. The short forms
(SEARS-C-SF and SEARS-A-SF) exhibited stability coefficients over a two-week interval of .74 and .84, respec-
tively, over a 4-week interval .81 and .81, respectively, and over a 6-week interval .67 and .80, respectively.
SEARS-T
Reliability
Internal Consistency
The SEARS-T exhibited Cronbach alpha coefficients of .95, .94, .95, and .92 for Responsibility, Social
Competence, Self-Regulation, Empathy, respectively. All 41 items (total score) exhibited an alpha coefficient of
.98 (Merrell, Felver-Gant, & Tom, 2011 ). In a separate study, an alpha coefficient of .96 was reported for the initial
administration and .97 for the second administration ( Romer & Merrell, 2012 ). An alpha coefficient of .93 was
reported for the SEARS-T-SF ( Merrell, 2011 ).
Test/C0Retest
The SEARS-T total score stability coefficient averaged across varying intervals (initial, Weeks 2, 4, and 6) was
found to be .94, while the subscale score stability coefficients ranged from .84 to .92 ( Romer & Merrell, 2012 ). The
stability coefficient over a two-week interval was found to be .90 for the SEARS-T-SF ( Merrell, 2011 ).
SEARS-P
Reliability
Internal Consistency
For the total scale (39 items), Merrell et al. (2011) reported a Cronbach alpha coefficient of .96, and similar
alpha coefficients were reported for the three factors (labeled: Self-Regulation/Responsibility, α5.95; Social
Competence, α5.89; Empathy, α5.87). An alpha coefficient of .89 was reported for the SEARS-P-SF ( Merrell,
2011).
Inter-Rater
Inter-rater reliability measured using a sample of 319 pairs of mothers and fathers (who rated the same child),
yielded reliability coefficients of .72 for total score, .71 for the Self-Regulation/Responsibility, .68 for Social
Competence factor, and .65 for Empathy.
Test/C0Retest
The stability coefficient for the SEARS-P and for the SEARS-P-SF over a two-week test /C0retest interval was
found to be .93 and .92, respectively ( Merrell, 2011 ).309 MEASURES REVIEWED HERE
III. EMOTION REGULATION