SUPERNUMERY PERSONALITY INVENTORY /C0EGOTISM SCALE
Rate your degree of agreement with the following
statements by choosing a number from 1 to 5. As a
guide, use the anchors strongly disagree (1) and strongly
agree (5).
1.I think that I am an attractive person.
2.Other people associate with me in order to improve
their own self-image.
3.I expect to be treated with a great deal of respect
and admiration.
4.I would rate myself as above average in most areas.
5.I deserve to be recognized for my accomplishments.
6.In many ways, I am a remarkable, special person.
7.I am good at almost everything that I do.8.I like to tell others about my accomplishments.
9.I deserve all of my successes in life.
10.Most people like me and enjoy being in my
company.
11.I am very pleased with my personality.
12.I like to look at myself in the mirror.
13.People are often jealous of me because of my
accomplishments.
14.I have touched many people’s lives in a positive
way.
15.Most of my peers are not as successful as I am.
Notes : Total score is the mean of all 15 item scores.
Reproduced with permission.
4. Psychological Entitlement Scale (PES)
(Campbell et al., 2004 ).
Variable
Campbell and colleagues (2004) noted that psychological entitlement has long been identified as the most toxic
element of narcissism (e.g., Emmons, 1987 ), primarily because of its negative interpersonal outcomes. According
to Campbell and colleagues, the only competitor, the NPI Entitlement facet scale, lacks face validity and exhibits
poor Internal Consistency due to the small number of items and forced-choice format.
Description
The authors developed and validated the PES with nine studies reported in the initial publication. The first
study whittled the item pool down from 57 by removing those with poor inter-item correlations. This process
resulted in nine items showing a one-factor structure and interpretable as psychological entitlement. Responses
are collected on a 7-point Likert-type scale ( Campbell et al., 2004 ).
Sample
According to Campbell et al. (2004, p. 31) , the original sample comprised 262 University of Georgia undergrad-
uates (40 men, 222 women). A second sample comprised 918 Iowa State University undergraduates (417 men,
501 women).
Reliability
Internal Consistency
In six studies, Cronbach alpha coefficients ranged from .83 to .88 ( Campbell et al., 2004 ).
Test/C0Retest
Across the two separate samples, Campbell et al. (2004) reported test /C0retest reliability coefficients at one
month ( r5.72) and two months ( r5.70).
Validity
Convergent/Concurrent
The authors reported a conceptually cogent pattern of correlations with the NPI (.50) and, especially, the
Entitlement facet (.54).
Divergent/Discriminant
Discriminant validity was supported by showing minimal associations with the Balanced Inventory of
Desirable Responding ( Paulhus, 1991 ): Specifically, the correlation was only small with Impression Management578 20. MEASURES OF DARK PERSONALITIES
V. VICES AND VIRTUES