Construct/Factor Analytic
Principle axis factor analysis using oblique rotation ( N5484) was used to assess the factor structure of the
IHS. The four-factor solution (labeled: trust and confidence, lack of perspective, positive future orientation, and
social relations and personal values) suggested in the definition of hope was supported ( Schrank et al., 2010 ).
Criterion/Predictive
IHS scores positively predict future quality of life ( r5.56). ( Schrank et al., 2010 ).
Location
Schrank, B., Woppmann Mag, A., Sibitz, I., & Lauber, C (2010). Development and validation of an integrative
scale to assess hope. Health Expectations, 14, 417/C0428.
Results and Comments
The IHS provides an excellent alternative to any of its composite measures. Those interested in harnessing the
power of the SHS, the HHI, and the Miller Hope Scale will find the IHS both ‘user friendly’ and psychometrically
sound. Schrank et al. (2010) noted that:
‘All three pre-existing scales have been used in research in a variety of fields and among healthy as well as diseased populations.
Hence, the new scale, being based on these instruments, can be assumed to be equally applicable in healthy as well as ill people while
at the same time having the advantage of most comprehensively covering the concept of hope, being concise, and psychometrically
robust according to our preliminary validation’ (p. 426).
INTEGRATIVE HOPE SCALE
Please indicate the extent to which you agree or
disagree with the following statements from 1, strongly
disagree, to 6, strongly agree.
1.I have deep inner strength.
2.I believe that each day has potential.
3.I have a sense of direction.
4.Even when others get discouraged, I know I can
find a way to solve the problem.
5.I feel my life has value and worth.
6.I can see possibilities in the midst of difficulties.
7.My past experiences have prepared me well for my
future.
8.I’ve been pretty successful in life.
9.I have a faith that gives me comfort.
10.It is hard for me to keep up my interest in activities
I used to enjoy.
11.It seems as though all my support has been
withdrawn.12.I am bothered by troubles that prevent my planning
for the future.
13.I am hopeless about some parts of my life.
14.I feel trapped, pinned down.
15.I find myself becoming uninvolved with most things
in life.
16.There are things I want to do in life.
17.I look forward to doing things I enjoy.
18.I make plans for my own future.
19.I intend to make the most of life
20.I feel loved.
21.I have someone who shares my concerns.
22.I am needed by others.
23.I am valued for what I am.
Notes : Copyright r2010 John Wiley and Sons. No por-
tion of the IHS may be reproduced by any means with-
out permission in writing from the copyright owner.
Reproduced with permission.
Snyder State Hope Scale (SSHS)
(Snyder et al., 1996 ).
Variable
Snyder et al. (1996) defined state hope as a temporally varying type of goal-directed thinking reflecting feel-
ings of optimism toward the future.59 OVERVIEW OF THE MEASURES
II. EMOTIONAL DISPOSITIONS