25Mostly False; 3 5Somewhat False; 4 5Slightly False;
55Slightly True; 6 5Somewhat True; 7 5Mostly True;
85Definitely True.
____1. I can get myself out of problems.
____2. Right now I am going after my goals.
____3. I am overcoming problems I face right now.
____4. Currently, I am successful.
____5. I have so many ways to achieve the goals I have
right now.
____6. I feel like I am doing a good job right now of
doing what I set out to do.Notes : When administering the measure, it is labeled the
Goals Scale. The even-numbered items are agency, andthe odd-numbered items are pathways. Subscale scoresfor agency or pathways are derived by adding the threeeven- and odd-numbered items, and the total StateHope Scale score is the sum of all six items.Copyright r1996 American Psychological Association.
No portion of the State Hope Scale may be reproduced by
any means without permission in writing from the copy-
right owner.These items are similar to the items in the Snyder StateHope Scale.
Work Hope Scale (WHS)
(Juntenen & Wettersten, 2006).
Variable
Juntenen and Wettersten (2006) relied heavily on the Snyder and colleagues’ (1991) conceptualization of hope
as goals, pathways to achieve those goals, and motivation or agency to achieve those goals. Since their scalefocuses on occupational hope, Juntenen and Wettersten (2006) focused on work-related goals, pathways, andagency.
Description
The WHS consists of 24 statements to which respondents indicate their degree of agreement. In line with the
SSHS, the WHS contains items assessing goals, pathways, and agency. Item response format is on a 7-point
Likert-type scale ranging from 1 ‘strongly disagree’ to 7 ‘strongly agree’ and total scores ranging from 24 to 168
(Juntunen & Wettersten, 2006).
Sample
The WHS was validated with a sample ( N5224) composed of introductory psychology students, a community
sample, and a sample of low income women. The overall mean hope scores was 132.09 ( SD522.10) (Juntunen &
Wettersten, 2006).
Reliability
Internal Consistency
A Cronbach alpha coefficient was found to be .90 (Juntunen & Wettersten, 2006).
Test/C0Retest
Test/C0retest reliability for the WHS was reported after two weeks ( r5.90) (Juntunen & Wettersten, 2006).
Validity
Convergent/Concurrent
WHS scores correlate positively with measures of vocational identity ( r5.65), career-decision self-efficacy
(r5.75), agency ( r5.95), pathway ( r5.93), and goals ( r5.95) hope subscales (Juntunen & Wettersten, 2006).
WHS scores correlate positively with a measure of optimism (LOT-R r 5.53), significantly lower than the correla-
tions between WHS scores and vocational identity.
Divergent/Discriminant
No divergent/discriminant evidence is currently available for the WHS.61 OVERVIEW OF THE MEASURES
II. EMOTIONAL DISPOSITIONS