Part B ‘Being criticized in front of other people for something that you have done’
‘You are overcharged by someone for a repair’
‘You are carrying a hot drink, and someone bumps into you’
Instructions : The statements in Part A are rated in terms of whether or not they apply to the subject: (1) never true;
(2) sometimes true; or (3) always true. The statements in Part B are rated in terms of how angry they would make
the subject feel, using a 4-point scale from ‘Not at all Angry’ to ‘Very angry’.
Multidimensional Anger Inventory (MAI)
(Siegel, 1985, 1986 ).
Variable
The multidimensionality of anger/hostility had been operationalized in some of the instruments discussed
above (e.g., the BDHI, BPAQ, and NAS-PI). However, a more comprehensive representation of the multidimen-
sionality of the anger/hostility construct has been proposed ( Siegel, 1986 ).
Description
The MAI is a 38-item rationally constructed multidimensional measure with several items assembled, and
adapted from previously published measures such as the BDHI. The MAI is purported to measure multiple
dimensions of anger, including Frequency, Duration, and Magnitude of anger responses, Mode of expression
(Anger-in and Anger-out), Hostile outlook, Range of anger-eliciting situations, Guilt, Brood, and Anger-discuss.
As with the NAS, RI, and ASR, a range of provocative anger-eliciting situations is incorporated into the MAI.
Responses are on a 5-point Likert-type rating scale.
Sample
Initial samples included 198 college students (74 males; 124 females) and 288 male factory workers ( M554.8
years, range 40 /C063 years). Also, a separate sample of factory workers ( N5288) was utilized in Siegel’s (1986)
study. Musante et al. (1989) utilized a sample of 82 male college students ( M/C2520 years), and 50 male faculty,
staff and senior students ( M/C2540 years). Kroner, Reddon, and Serin (1992) investigated the structure of the MAI
using a sample of 372 violent male prisoners.
Reliability
Internal Consistency
Siegel (1985) reported Cronbach alpha coefficients for the five MAI components ranging from .51 to .85
(cf.Musante et al., 1989 ). Subsequently, Siegel (1986) reported an alpha coefficient of .84 for the MAI Total score
in a college student sample ( N5198), and .89 in a sample of factory workers ( N5288). Aside from the Anger-
out scale, for the combined sample ( N5486), all scales exhibited alpha coefficients ranging from .70 to .88
(Siegel, 1986 ). For the sample of college students alpha coefficients ranged from .63 to .84, while for the sample of
factory workers, aside from the Anger-out scale, alphas ranged from .71 to .89.
Test/C0Retest
Siegel (1986) reported a stability coefficient of .75 over a 3 /C04 week test /C0retest interval based on a subsample
of 60 college students.
Validity
Convergent/Concurrent
As evidence of convergent/concurrent validity, Siegel (1986) reported that the five MAI components
(see below) correlated positively with the Harburg inventory, as well as with the BDHI and NAS measures.
For example, positive correlations with the BDHI Hostility subscale were as follows: MAI Anger-arousal (.49),
MAI Range of anger-eliciting situations (.39), MAI Hostile outlook (.34), and MAI Anger-in (.62). Siegel (p. 198)87 MEASURES REVIEWED IN DETAIL
II. EMOTIONAL DISPOSITIONS