8.I brood over mistakes that I have made in front
of others1234567
9.I never let others know how hard I work on
things1234567
10.I would like to appear more competent than I
really am1234567
11.It doesn’t matter if there is a flaw in my looks 1234567
12.I do not want people to see me do something
unless I am very good at it1234567
13.I should always keep my problems to myself 1234567
14.I should solve my own problems rather than
admit them to others1234567
15.I must appear to be in control of my actions at
all times1234567
16.It is okay to admit mistakes to others 1234567
17.It is important to act perfectly in social
situations1234567
18.I don’t really care about being perfectly
groomed1234567
19.Admitting failure to others is the worst possible
thing1234567
20.I hate to make errors in public 1234567
21.I try to keep my faults to myself 1234567
22.I do not care about making mistakes in public 1234567
23.I need to be seen as perfectly capable in
everything I do1234567
24.Failing at something is awful if other people
know about it1234567
25.It is very important that I always appear to be
‘on top of things’1234567
26.I must always appear to be perfect 1234567
27.I strive to look perfect to others 1234567
Notes :
Scoring:
Reverse scored items 1, 11, 16, 18, 22
Perfectionistic Self-Promotion sum of 5, 7, 11, 15, 17, 18, 23, 25, 26, 27
Nondisplay of Imperfection sum of 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 20, 22, 24
Nondisclosure of Imperfection sum of 1, 9, 13, 14, 16, 19, 21
Reproduced with permission.
FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
We have provided psychometric reviews for five of the most important perfectionism measures. With but a
few noteworthy exceptions in the perfectionism field (e.g., Gotwals & Dunn, 2009 ), there is still a need for the
multi-method multi-trait analyses advocated originally by pioneers in the assessment field /C0Campbell and Fiske
(1959) . Lingering questions about the FMPS factor structure and the extensive number of negatively worded
items in the HFMPS are just two reasons why these measures should be re-examined and updated. While mea-
sures have factors with titles that seem to be assessing the same thing, this is likely not the case. This was614 21. MEASURES OF PERFECTIONISM
V. VICES AND VIRTUES