CONTENTS
PREFACE xvi
ABOUT THE AUTHOR xix
1What Is Personality? 1
The Person and the Situation 3
Defining Personality 3
Six Approaches to Personality 5
Two Examples: Aggression and Depression 6
Personality and Culture 10
The Study of Personality: Theory, Application, Assessment,
and Research 12
Theory 12
Application 14
Assessment 15
Research 15
Summary 16
2Personality Research Methods 18
The Hypothesis-Testing Approach 20
Theories and Hypotheses 20
Experimental Variables 22
Manipulated Versus Nonmanipulated Independent Variables 24
Prediction Versus Hindsight 26
Replication 27
The Case Study Method 28
Limitations of the Case Study Method 28
Strengths of the Case Study Method 29
Statistical Analysis of Data 30
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