36 
TABLE 2.1.  Personality Dimensions in Questionnaires and in Models of Personality and Interpersonal Behavior: Classified by the Big Five Domain
Major theory or test authorExtraversion  
IAgreeableness  
IIConscientiousness  
IIINeuroticism 
IVOpenness/Intellect  
V
Bales (1970) Dominant–Initiative Social–Emotional 
OrientationT a s k O r i e n t a t i o na—
Block & Block (1980) Undercontrol O v e r c o n t r o l E g o R e s i l i e n c yb (R)
EASI (A. H. Buss & Plomin, 1975) Activity and 
Sociability— Impulsivity (R) Emotionality —
Cattell (1943) Exvia (vs. Invia) Pathemia (vs. 
Cortertia)Superego Strength Adjustment (R)  
(vs. Anxiety)Independence
Clark & Watson (1999) Positive Emotionality C o n s t r a i n t (vs. D i s i n h i b i t i o n)cNegative Emotionality —
Comrey (1970) Extraversion and 
ActivityFemininity (vs. 
Masculinity)Orderliness and Social 
ConformityEmotional Stability (R) Rebelliousness
Eysenck (1986) Extraversion P s y c h o t i c i s mc(R) Neuroticism —
CPI (Gough, 1987) Sociability Femininity Norm-Favoring Well-Being (R) Achievement via 
Independence
Guilford (1975) Social Activity Paranoid Disposition 
(R)Thinking Introversion Emotional Stability(R) —
HPI (Hogan & Hogan, 2007) Sociability and 
AmbitionInterpersonal 
SensitivityPrudence (vs. 
Impulsivity)Adjustment (R) Inquisitiveness and 
Learning Approach