fei75766_ch04_107-148.indd 121  02/19/20 09:00 AM
Chapter 4    Jung: Analytical Psychology121
pulls together theother archetypes andunites them intheprocess ofself-realization. 
Liketheother archetypes, itpossesses conscious andpersonal unconscious compo -
nents, butitismostly formed bycollective unconscious images.
Asanarchetype, theselfissymbolized byaperson’s ideas ofperfection, com-
pletion, andwholeness, butitsultimate symbol isthemandala, which isdepicted asa
circle within asquare, asquare within acircle, oranyother concentric figure. Itrep-
resents thestrivings ofthecollective unconscious forunity, balance, andwholeness.
Theselfincludes bothpersonal andcollective unconscious images andthus
should notbeconfused withtheego,which represents consciousness only. In
Figure 4.1,consciousness (theego)isrepresented bytheouter circle andisonlya
small partoftotalpersonality; thepersonal unconscious isdepicted bythemiddle 
circle; thecollective unconscious isrepresented bytheinner circle; andtotality ofall
three circles symbolizes theself.Only fourarchetypes—persona, shadow, animus, and
anima—have been drawn inthismandala, andeachhasbeen idealistically depicted as
being thesame size.Formost people thepersona ismore conscious thantheshadow, 
andtheshadow maybemore accessible toconsciousness thaneither theanima orthe
animus. Asshown inFigure 4.1,eacharchetype ispartly conscious, partly personal 
unconscious, andpartly collective unconscious.
Thebalance shown inFigure 4.1between consciousness andthetotalselfis
alsosomewhat idealistic. Many people haveanoverabundance ofconsciousness and
Personal
unconscious
Anima (femininity) Animus (masculinity)
Personal
unconsciousCollective
unconsciousConscious (ego)
Conscious (ego)Conscious (ego)
Conscious (ego)ShadowPersona
FIGURE 4.1  Jung’s Conception of Personality.Final PDF to printer