36. When things go wrong, I explain why I am not
responsible.
62. To avoid being blamed, I let others know that I
did not intend any harm.
35. I try to convince others that I am not responsible
for negative events.
Justification
44. I offer socially acceptable reasons to justify
behavior that others might not like.
64. After a negative action, I try to make others
understand that if they had been in my positionthey would have done the same thing.
61. I offer good reasons for my behavior no matter
how bad it may seem to others.
45. When others view my behavior as negative, I
offer explanations so that they will understand
that my behavior was justified.
05. I justify my behavior to reduce negative reactions
from others.
Disclaimer
04. I offer explanations before doing something that
others might think is wrong
17. I try to get the approval of others before doing
something they might perceive negatively.
10. When I believe I will not perform well, I offer
excuses beforehand.
25. I justify beforehand actions others may not like.49. I offer an excuse for possibly not performing well
before taking a very difficult test.
Self-handicapping
58. Anxiety interferes with my performances.53. I do not prepare well enough for exams because I
get too involved in social activities.
57. I put obstacles in the way of my own success.12. I get sick when under a lot of pressure to do well.42. Poor health has been responsible for my getting
mediocre grades in school.
Apology
13. I apologise when I have done something wrong.29. I accept blame for bad behavior when it is clearly
my fault.
50. I express remorse and guilt when I do something
wrong.
18. I try to make up for any harm I have done to others.
03. If I harm someone, I apologise and promise not to
do it again.Ingratiation
52. When I want something, I try to look good.38. I tell others about my positive qualities.11. I use flattery to win the favor of others.63. I compliment people to get them on my side.09. I express the same attitudes as others so they will
accept me.
33. I express opinions that other people will like.
28. I do favors for people in order to get them to like me.
43. I help others so they will help me.
Intimidation
51. I intimidate others.01. I behave in ways that make other people afraid
of me.
59. I do things to make people afraid of me so that
they will do what I want.
02. I use my size and strength to influence people
when I need to.
32. I threaten others when I think it will help me get
what I want from them.
Supplication
08. I ask others to help me.54. I tell others they are stronger or more competent
than me in order to get others to do things for me.
14. I lead others to believe that I cannot do something
in order to get help.
31. I hesitate and hope others will take responsibility
for group tasks.
07. I use my weaknesses to get sympathy from others.
Entitlement
55. I claim credit for doing things I did not do.40. I point out the positive things I do which other
people fail to notice.
23. I tell people about my positive accomplishments.46. When working on a project with a group I make
my contribution seem greater than it is.
22. When telling someone about past events, I claim
more credit for doing positive things than waswarranted by the actual events.
Enhancement
60. When I succeed at a task, I emphasize to others
how important the task was.
30. I exaggerate the value of my accomplishments.
06. I tell people when I do well at tasks others find
difficult.467 OVERVIEW OF THE MEASURES
IV. INTERPERSONAL STYLES