Resource Index Cronbach alpha coefficients for the Resource Index were .93 for youth aged 9 to 11 years
(N5226), .94 for youth aged 12 to 14 years ( N5224), and .97 for youth aged 15 to 18 years ( N5200).
Vulnerability Index Cronbach alpha coefficients for the Vulnerability Index score were .93 for youth aged 9 to 11
years ( N5226). .94 for youth aged 12 to 14 years ( N5224), and .97 for youth aged 15 to 18 years ( N5200).
Cross-cultural studies indicate high levels of item homogeneity for the three global RSCA Scale Scores (see
Table 11.1 below). The RSCA has been employed previously with youth in Canada (Saklofske & Nordstokke,
2011), South African ( VanWyk, 2011 ), Kenya (Tignor & Prince-Embury, 2013), China ( Cui, Teng, Li, & Oei, 2010 ),
Brazil ( Jordani, 2008 ), and Lebanon (Ayyash-Abdo, & Sanchez-Ruiz, 2011).
Test/C0Retest
Sense of Mastery Scale Test/C0retest reliability coefficients for a two week interval, were .79 for youth aged 9 to
14 years ( N549) and .86 for youth aged 15 to 18 years ( N565).
Sense of Relatedness Scale Test/C0retest reliability coefficients for a two week interval were .84 for youth aged
9 to 14 years ( N549) and .86 for youth aged 15 to 18 years ( N565).
Emotional Reactivity Scale The test /C0retest reliability coefficient was .88 for youth aged 9 to 14 years ( N549)
and for youth aged 15 to 18 years ( N565) over a two week interval.
Resource Index The test /C0retest reliability coefficient was .90 for youth aged 9 to 14 years ( N549) and .85 for
youth aged 15 to 18 years ( N565) over a two week interval.
Vulnerability Index
Test/C0retest reliability coefficients for a two week period were .83 for youth aged 9 to 14 years ( N549) and .93
for youth aged 15 to 18 years ( N565).
Validity
Convergent/Concurrent
RSCA protective factors are positively correlated with measures of positive self-esteem. Significant positive
correlations were found for both child and adolescent samples, between a positive BYI Self-Concept score and
the RSCA Resource Index score (.78, .79), the Sense of Mastery Scale score (.74, .80), and the Sense of Relatedness
Scale score (.70, .70), suggesting convergent validity for these scores as reflective of positive self- concept as a pro-
tective factor ( Prince-Embury, 2007, 2013a, 2013b ). Also, positive correlations were found between the Emotional
Reactivity Scale score and all Beck Youth Inventory /C0Second Edition (BYI-II; Beck et al., 2004) scores of negative
emotion in non-clinical samples of children and adolescents; (.43, .65) with Anxiety, (.70, .67) with Disruptive
Behavior, (.44, .74) with Depression and (.59, .76) with Anger. The Vulnerability Index score was also associated
with the BYI-II negative emotion scores; (.36, .65) with Anxiety, (.71, .66) with Disruptive Behavior, (.51, .75) with
Depression and (.59, .77) with Anger (see Prince-Embury, 2013a, 2013b).
Divergent/Discriminant
Discriminant Function analysis using gender, parent education level, Resilience Scale Global and Index scores
and BYI /C0II Negative Affect and Behavior scores to predict membership in the clinical versus non-clinical sample
indicated that the RSCA Vulnerability Index was the best single discriminator. These findings suggest that highTABLE 11.1 Alpha Coefficients for the RSCA Global Scales across Six Countries
Scale Canada 2009
(543)Canada 2010
(390)China
(726)Brazil
(1226)Lebanon
(599)Nairobi, Kenya
(83)South Africa
(487)
Mastery .90 .92 .95 .83 .78 .70 .74
Relatedness .92 .93 .94 .90 .86 .74 .83
Emotional
Reactivity.90 .91 .89 .87 .87 .80 .76304 11. MEASURES OF RESILIENCY
III. EMOTION REGULATION