fei75766_ch04_107-148.indd 117  02/19/20 09:00 AM
Chapter 4    Jung: Analytical Psychology117
basic factsabout whohewas,suchasthathehadamedical degree, thathehadawife
andfivechildren, andthathelived inKüsnacht, Switzerland, etc.Such self-talk kept
Jung’s feetrooted totheground andreassured himthathereally existed.
Shadow
Theshadow, thearchetype ofdarkness andrepression, represents those qualities 
wedonotwishtoacknowledge butattempt tohidefrom ourselves andothers. 
Theshadow consists ofmorally objectionable tendencies aswellasanumber 
ofconstructive andcreative qualities thatwe,nevertheless, arereluctant toface
(Jung, 1951/1959a).
Jungcontended that,tobewhole, wemust continually strive toknow our
shadow andthatthisquest isourfirst test of courage. Itiseasier toproject thedark
sideofourpersonality ontoothers, toseeinthem theugliness andevilthatwerefuse 
toseeinourselves. Tocome togrips withthedarkness within ourselves istoachieve 
the“realization oftheshadow.” Unfortunately, most ofusnever realize ourshadow 
butidentify onlywiththebright sideofourpersonality. People whonever realize 
theirshadow may, nevertheless, come under itspower andleadtragic lives, con-
stantly running into“badluck” andreaping harvests ofdefeat anddiscouragement for
themselves (Jung, 1954/1959a).
InMemories, Dreams, Reflections, Jung(1961) reported adream thattookplace 
atthetimeofhisbreak from Freud. Inthisdream hisshadow, abrown-skinned savage, 
killed thehero, amannamed Siegfried, whorepresented theGerman people. Jung
interpreted thedream tomean thathenolonger needed SigFreud (Siegfried); thus, 
hisshadow performed theconstructive taskoferadicating his
former hero.
Anima
LikeFreud, Jungbelieved thatallhumans arepsychologically 
bisexual andpossess bothamasculine andafeminine side.The
feminine sideofmenoriginates inthecollective unconscious as
anarchetype andremains extremely resistant toconsciousness. 
Fewmenbecome wellacquainted withtheiranima because 
thistaskrequires great courage andisevenmore difficult 
thanbecoming acquainted withtheirshadow. Tomaster the
Fictional figures suchasDarth Vader andVoldemort areclassic examples ofShadow archetypes.
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