References
Aberson, C. L., & Gaffney, A. M. (2008). An integrated threat model of explicit and implicit attitudes. European Journal of Social Psychology ,39,
808/C0830.
Abrams, D., Eller, A., & Bryant, J. (2006). An age apart: The effects of intergenerational contact and stereotype threat on performance and inter-
group bias. Psychology and Aging ,21, 691/C0702. Available from http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1037/0882-7974.21.4.691 .
Allport, G. W. (1954). The nature of prejudice . Cambridge/Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
Alwin, D. F. (1992). Information transmission in the survey interview: Number of response categories and the reliability of attitude measure-
ment. Sociological Methodology ,22,8 3/C0118.
Alwin, D. F. (1997). Feeling thermometers versus 7-point scales: Which are better? Sociological Methods Research ,25, 318/C0340.
Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach.
Psychological Bulletin ,103, 411/C0423.
Andrews, F. M. (1984). Construct validity and error components of survey measures: A structural equation modeling approach. Public Opinion
Quarterly ,48, 409/C0442.
Bagozzi, R. P., & Edwards, J. R. (1998). A general approach for representing constructs in organizational research. Organizational Research
Methods ,1,4 5/C087.
Baker, P. E. (1934). Negro-White Adjustment in America. Journal of Negro Education ,3, 194/C0204.
Barlow, F. K., Paolini, S., Pedersen, A., et al. (2012). The contact caveat negative contact predicts increased prejudice more than positive contact
predicts reduced prejudice. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin ,38, 1629/C01643.
Binder, J., Zagefka, H., Brown, R., et al. (2009). Does contact reduce prejudice or does prejudice reduce contact? A longitudinal test of the con-
tact hypothesis amongst majority and minority groups in three European countries. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology ,96, 843/C0856.
Bizman, A., & Yinnon, Y. (2001). Intergroup and interpersonal threats as determinants of prejudice: The moderating role of in-group identifica-
tion. Basic and Applied Social Psychology ,23, 191/C0196.
Blascovich, J., Mendes, W. B., Hunter, S. B., Lickel, B., & Kowai-Bell, N. (2001). Perceiver threat in social interactions with stigmatized others.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology ,80, 253/C0267.
Bodenhausen, G. V. (1993). Emotion, arousal, and stereotypic judgement: A heuristic model of affect and stereotyping. In D. Mackie, &
D. Hamilton (Eds.), Affect, cognition, and stereotyping: Interactive processes in intergroup perception (pp. 13 /C037). San Diego, CA: Academic.
Bogardus, E. S. (1925). Social distance and its origins. Journal of Applied Sociology ,9, 216/C0226.
Bogardus, E. S. (1928). Immigration and race attitudes . Boston: Heath.
Bornstein, R. F. (1989). Exposure and affect: Overview and met-analysis of research, 1968 /C01987. Psychological Bulletin ,106, 265/C0289.
Brewer, M. B., & Miller, N. (1984). Beyond the contact hypothesis: Theoretical perspectives on desegregation. In N. Miller, & M. B. Brewer
(Eds.), Groups in Contact: The psychology of desegregation (pp. 281 /C0302). Orlando, FL: Academic.
Britt, T. W., Boniecki, K. A., Vescio, T. K., Biernat, M. R., & Brown, L. M. (1996). Intergroup anxiety: A Person 3Situation approach.
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin ,22, 1177/C01188.
Broman, C. L., Mavaddat, R., & Hsu, S. Y. (2000). The experience and consequences of perceived racial discrimination: A study of African
Americans. Journal of Black Psychology ,26, 165/C0180.
Brown, R., & Hewstone, M. (2005). An integrative theory of intergroup contact. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology
(Vol. 37, pp. 255 /C0342). San Diego, CA: Elsevier.
Campbell, D. T., & Fiske, D. W. (1959). Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix. Psychological Bulletin ,
56,8 1/C0105.
Cernat, V. (2010). Intergroup contact in Romania: When minority size is positively related to intergroup conflict. Journal of Community &
Applied Social Psychology ,20,1 5/C029.
Christ, O., Hewstone, M., Tausch, N., Wagner, U., Voci, A., Hughes, J., & Cairns, E. (2010). Direct contact as a moderator of extended contact
effects: Cross-sectional and longitudinal impact on outgroup attitudes, behavioral intentions, and attitude certainty. Personality and Social
Psychology Bulletin ,36, 1662/C01674.
Conover, P. J., & Feldman, S. (1981). The origins and meaning of Liberal/Conservative self-identifications. American Journal of Political Science ,
25, 617/C0645.
Converse, J. M., & Presser (1986). S.Survey questions: Handcrafting the standardized questionnaire . California, USA: Sage.
Converse, P. E., Dotson, J. D., Hoag, W. J., & McGee, W. H. (1980). American social attitudes data sourcebook 1947 /C01978. Cambridge, Mass:
Harvard University Press.
Dasgupta, N., & Greenwald, A. G. (2001). On the malleability of automatic attitudes: Combating automatic prejudice with images of admired
and disliked individuals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology ,81, 800/C0814.
Davies, K., Tropp, L. R., Aron, A., Pettigrew, T. F., & Wright, S. C. (2011). Cross-group friendships and intergroup attitudes: A meta-analytic
review. Personality and Social Psychology Review ,15, 332/C0351.
De Tezanos-Pinto, P., Bratt, C., & Brown, R. (2010). What will the others think? In-group norms as a mediator of the effects of intergroup con-
tact. British Journal of Social Psychology ,49, 507/C0523.
Dhont, K., Van Hiel, A., De Bolle, M., & Roets, A. (2012). Longitudinal intergroup contact effects on prejudice using self- and observer-reports.
British Journal of Social Psychology ,51, 221/C0238.
Dijker, A. J. (1987). Emotional reactions to ethnic minorities. European Journal of Social Psychology ,17, 305/C0325.
Dovidio, J., Kawakami, K., Johnson, C., Johnson, B., & Howard, A. (1997). On the nature of prejudice: Automatic and controlled processes.
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology ,33, 510/C0540.
Eagly, A. H., & Chaiken, S. (1993). The psychology of attitudes . Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace.
Eller, A., & Abrams, D. (2003). ‘Gringos’ in Mexico: Cross-sectional and longitudinal effects of language school-promoted contact on inter-
group bias. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations ,6,5 5/C075.
Eller, A., & Abrams, D. (2004). Come together: Longitudinal comparisons of Pettigrew’s reformulated intergroup contact model and the com-
mon ingroup identity model in Anglo-French and Mexican-American contexts. European Journal of Social Psychology ,34, 229/C0256.680 23. MEASURES OF INTERGROUP CONTACT
VI. SOCIOCULTURAL INTERACTION AND CONFLICT