Construct/Factor Analytic
For the 16-item scale, a principal axis factor analysis with direct oblimin rotation of the item intercorrelations
(selected to measure trust in God) revealed two underlying factors, resulting in a 12-item subscale of positively
worded questions (trust) and a 4-item subscale of negatively worded questions (mistrust) ( Rosmarin et al.,
2009a ). For the 6-item short-form, a principal components analysis with direct oblimin rotation of the item inter-
correlations yielded loadings for the trust and mistrust subscales ranging from 0.75 to 0.98 and 0.68 to 0.94,
respectively ( Rosmarin et al., 2011 ).
‘The two-factor model ...fit the data well (CFI 5.99; NNFI 5.98; RMSEA 5.07; 90% CI 5.66/C0.78), and provided a significantly
better fit than a single factor model. The chi-square value for the overall model was within an acceptable range P2 ( n5262) 18.03,
p,.05), and standardized coefficients were high for both trust (.75 /C0.96) and mistrust (.68 /C0.90) items. These results indicate good psy-
chometric properties, and provide further support for the measure’s two-factor structure.’ ( Rosmarin et al., 2011 , pp. 256 /C0258)
Criterion/Predictive
For the full TMGS scale, predictive correlations ranging from 0.46 to 0.72 were reported with prayer, syna-
gogue attendance, religious study, and saying grace after meals. To our knowledge, predictive validity has not
been examined for the 6-item short-form to date.
Location
Rosmarin, D.H., Pargament, K.I., & Mahoney, A. (2009a). The role of religiousness in anxiety, depression and
happiness in a Jewish community sample: A preliminary investigation. Mental Health Religion and Culture ,12(2) ,
97/C0113.
Rosmarin, D.H., Pirutinsky, S., & Pargament, K.I. (2011). A brief measure of core religious beliefs for use in
psychiatric settings. International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine, 41(3) , 253/C0261.
Results and Comments
The TMGS is a reliable and valid measure of a person’s trust in God (when items on the mistrust subscale are
reverse scored), whether used in Christians or Jews. This is especially true for the full 16-item TMGS scale.
TRUST/MISTRUST IN GOD SCALE
Trust in God
1.God is absolutely powerful.
2.I can’t be successful without God’s help.
3.Ultimately, there is Divine justice.
4.God is never ignorant of my concerns.
5.God is compassionate towards human suffering.
6.I cannot earn more money than God decrees.
7.None of my thoughts are hidden from God.
8.Nothing can occur without God’s involvement in
the process.
9.God knows what is in my best interests.
10.God is generous to me even when I don’t deserve it.11.God is constantly aware of what is harmful for me.
12.God rewards those who deserve it (during their
lifetimes and/or in the afterlife).
Mistrust in God
13.Sometimes God is unkind to me for no reason.
14.God disregards my activities.
15.God’s judgement is unfair.
16.God does not always know what is best for me.
Note: Reproduced with permission.
Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale (DSES)
(Underwood & Teresi, 2002 ).
Variable
The DSES measures experiences of God’s love, presence, guidance, and closeness during daily life
(Underwood & Teresi, 2002 ).535 SINGLE DIMENSIONAL SCALES
V. VICES AND VIRTUES