TABLE 26.1 (Continued )
Model Inventory Publication Reference
Publication
for
InstrumentPublic
DomainSelf-/
Peer-
RatingNumber of
Items (Scales,
Subscales)Response
ScaleNumber of
CulturesReference
SampleLevel of
AnalysisSample
CharacteristicsTranslation
and
AdaptationReliability:
Cronbach’s αEFA Congruence
CoefficientsConfirmatory
Factor
AnalysisDifferential
Item
Functioning
Paunonen
et al. (1996)Jackson
(1984)No Self 176 (20 content,
2 validity
scales)Dichotomous 6 None Individual Students Translated
from English
using
committee
approachAcross 22 scales:
M5.68
(Canada); .56
(European
samples); .48
(Hong Kong)Across country
comparisons of 5
factors: M 5.83
Paunonen
et al. (2000)Jackson
(1984)No Self Different
versions:
176/C0264 (20
content, 2
validity scales)Different
versions:
dichotomous
to 7-point
Likert5 None Individual Students Translated
from English
using
committee
approachAcross 22
scalesd: .24/C0.75,
M5.56
(Canada);
.06/C0.83, M5.56
(England);
.50/C0.91, M5.74
(Netherlands);
.08/C0.90, M5.67
(Norway);
.14/C0.78, M5.46
(Israel)Across country
comparisons of 5
factors: .30 /C0.99,
M5.84
PRF
(Forms
AA,
BB, E)Stumpf
(1993)Jackson
(1984)No Self Different
versions:
352/C0440 (20
content, 2
validity scales)Dichotomous 5 Canadian,
USIndividual Students &
adultsNot
reported;
references to
original
studies
availableNot reported;
references to
original studies
available1)e.86/C0.97, M5.94
(OW/C0P), .82/C0.93,
M5.88 (AIO),
.89/C0.98, M5.94
(D/C0A), .91/C095,
M5.94 (SP /C0SO),
.85/C0.93, M5.89
(OSL); 2) .86 /C0.98,
M5.95 (C), .80 /C0.97,
M5.93 (O), .57 /C0.92,
M5.81 (N), .82 /C0.94,
M5.90 (A), .90 /C0.97,
M5.94 (E)
aAll Swiss samples identified in the present table are French-speaking.
bUS15Data from Costa and McCrae (1992) ; US25Data from Parker and Stumpf (1998) .
c1)5Tucker’s ϕafter Varimax rotations comparing 15 samples with French factor structure; 2 5with US factor structure.
dMean Cronbach’s alphas do not include the Infrequency scale.
e1)57 Dutch, German, and Philippine subsamples rotated toward Skinner et al.’s (1976) factors; 2 512 Canadian, Dutch, German, and Philippine subsamples rotated toward Costa and McCrae’s (1988) factors.
Note: EFA5Exploratory Factor Analysis. CFI 5Comparative Fit Index; RMSEA 5Root Mean Square Error of Approximation. 16PF-5 5Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire, 5th Edition; CPI 5California Psychological Inventory;
CPS5Comrey Personality Scales; JPI 5Jackson Personality Inventory; MMPI-2 5Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, 2nd Edition; MPQ 5Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire; BFI 5Big Five Inventory; BFQ 5Big Five
Questionnaire; FFPI 5Five-Factor Personality Inventory; NEO-PI-R 5NEO Personality Inventory, Revised; EPQ 5Eysenck Personality Questionnaire; HEXACO-PI 5HEXACO Personality Inventory; MBTI 5Myers-Briggs Type Indicator;
NPQ5Nonverbal Personality Questionnaire; PRF 5Personality Research Form.
For all instruments, A 5Agreeableness; Aut 5Autonomy; C 5Conscientiousness; E 5Extraversion; ES 5Emotional Stability; N 5Neuroticism; O 5Openness.
For the CPI, C/N 5Control/Norm Orientation; F 5Flexibility; F/M 5Femininity/Masculinity.
For the CPS, A /C0LE5Activity vs. Lack of Energy; E /C0E5Empathy vs. Egocentrism; E /C0I5Extraversion vs. Introversion; ES /C0N5Emotional Stability vs. Neuroticism; M /C0F5Masculinity vs. Femininity; MT /C0S5Mental Toughness vs.
Sensitivity; O /C0LC5Orderliness vs. Lack of Compulsion; SC /C0R5Social Conformity vs. Rebelliousness; T /C0D5Trust vs. Defensiveness.
For the EPQ, L 5Lie; P5Psychoticism.
For the NPQ and PRF, A-I 5Aesthetic-Intellectual; Agg 5Aggression; AIO 5Aesthetic, Intellectual Orientation; AO 5Academic Orientation; SC 5Social Control. For Skinner et al.’s (1976) factors, D /C0A5Dependence vs. Autonomy;
OSL5Outgoing, Social Leadership; OW /C0P5Orientation toward Work vs. Play; SP /C0SO5Self-Protective vs. Submissive Orientation.