AAA는 P 나노 얇은 막을 활성층과 전극사이에 버퍼막 형태로 도입하여 300%가까운 효율증가를 얻었다고 보고하였다.
AAA reported that the P nano-thin film was introduced in the form of a buffer film between the active layer and the electrode, resulting in an efficiency increase of nearly 300%.