canrenone canrenone canrenone, sold under the brand names contaren, luvion, phanurane, and spiroletan, is a steroidal antimineralocorticoid of the spirolactone group related to spironolactone which is used as a diuretic in europe, including in italy and belgium. it is also an important active metabolite of spironolactone, and partially accounts for its therapeutic effects. canrenoneclinical datatrade namescontaren, luvion, phanurane, spiroletanother namesaldadiene; sc-9376; rp-11614; 7α-desthioacetyl-δ6-spironolactone; 6,7-dehydro-7α-desthioacetylspironolactone; 17-hydroxy-3-oxo-17α-pregna-4,6-diene-21-carboxylic acid γ-lactoneahfs/drugs.cominternational drug namesdrug classantimineralocorticoidatc codec03da03 (who) pharmacokinetic dataprotein binding95%elimination half-life16.5 hoursidentifiers iupac name 10,13-dimethylspirophenanthrene-17,5'-oxolane]-2',3-dione cas number976-71-6 npubchem cid13789chemspider13192 yunii78o20x9j0uchemblchembl1463345 ncomptox dashboard (epa)dtxsid3045930 echa infocard100.012.322 chemical and physical dataformulac22h28o3molar mass340.463 g·mol−13d model (jsmol)interactive image smiles o=c5\c=c4\c=c/1(cc3(1cc32oc(=o)cc2)c)4(c)cc5 inchi inchi=1s/c22h28o3/c1-20-9-5-15(23)13-14(20)3-4-16-17(20)6-10-21(2)18(16)7-11-22(21)12-8-19(24)25-22/h3-4,13,16-18h,5-12h2,1-2h3/t16-,17+,18+,20+,21+,22-/m1/s1 ykey:ujvlddzctmkxjk-wnhsnxhdsa-n y ny (what is this?) (verify) medical uses canrenone is mainly used as a diuretic. canrenone has been found to be effective in the treatment of hirsutism in women. heart failure two studies of canrenone in people with heart failure have shown a mortality benefit compared to placebo. in the evaluation which studied people with chronic heart failure (chf), people that were treated with canrenone displayed a lower number of deaths compared to the placebo group, indicating a death and morbidity benefit of the medication. one study compared 166 treated with canrenone to 336 given conventional therapy lasting 10 years. differences in systolic and diastolic blood pressure was observed between both patient groups where, patients treated with canrenone, showed a lower blood pressure compared to conventional therapy. uric acid was lower in the group treated with canrenone; however, no differences were seen in potassium, sodium, and brain natriuretic peptide (bnp) levels. left ventricular mass was also lower in the group treated with canrenone and a greater progression of nyha class was observed in the control group compared to patients treated with canrenone. another study concluded that treatment with canrenone in patients with chronic heart failure improves diastolic function and further decreased bnp levels. pharmacology pharmacodynamics canrenone is reportedly more potent as an antimineralocorticoid relative to spironolactone, but is considerably less potent and effective as an antiandrogen. similarly to spironolactone, canrenone inhibits steroidogenic enzymes such as 11β-hydroxylase, cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, 17α-hydroxylase, 17,20-lyase, and 21-hydroxylase, but once again, is comparatively less potent in doing so. pharmacokinetics the elimination half-life of canrenone is about 16.5 hours. as a metabolite canrenone is an active metabolite of spironolactone, canrenoic acid, and potassium canrenoate, and is considered to be partially responsible for their effects. it has been found to account for approximately 10 to 25% of the potassium-sparing effect of spironolactone, whereas another metabolite, 7α-thiomethylspironolactone (7α-tms), accounts for around 80% of the potassium-sparing effect of the drug. pharmacokinetics of 100 mg/day spironolactone and its metabolites compoundcmax (day 1)cmax (day 15)auc (day 15)t1/2 spironolactone72 ng/ml (173 nmol/l)80 ng/ml (192 nmol/l)231 ng•hour/ml (555 nmol•hour/l)1.4 hours canrenone155 ng/ml (455 nmol/l)181 ng/ml (532 nmol/l)2,173 ng•hour/ml (6,382 nmol•hour/l)16.5 hours 7α-tms359 ng/ml (924 nmol/l)391 ng/ml (1,006 nmol/l)2,804 ng•hour/ml (7,216 nmol•hour/l)13.8 hours 6β-oh-7α-tms101 ng/ml (250 nmol/l)125 ng/ml (309 nmol/l)1,727 ng•hour/ml (4,269 nmol•hour/l)15.0 hours sources: see template. history canrenone was described and characterized in 1959. it was introduced for medical use, in the form of potassium canrenoate (the potassium salt of canrenoic acid), by 1968. society and culture generic names canrenone is the inn and usan of the drug. brand names canrenone has been marketed under the brand names contaren, luvion, phanurane, and spiroletan, among others. availability canrenone appears to remain available only in italy, although potassium canrenoate remains marketed in various other countries as well.