improve the current standards of dystonia treatment or to provide curative treatment." treatment reducing the types of movements that trigger or worsen dystonic symptoms provides some relief, as does reducing stress, getting plenty of rest, moderate exercise, and relaxation techniques. various treatments focus on sedating brain functions or blocking nerve communications with the muscles via drugs, neuro-suppression, or selective denervation surgery. almost all treatments have negative side-effects and risks. a geste antagoniste is a physical gesture or position (such as touching one's chin) that temporarily interrupts dystonia, it is also known as a sensory trick. patients may be aware of the presence of a geste antagoniste that provides some relief. therapy for dystonia can involve prosthetics that passively simulate the stimulation. physical intervention while research in the area of effectiveness of physical therapy intervention for dystonia remains weak, there is reason to believe that rehabilitation can benefit dystonia patients. physical therapy can be utilized to manage changes in balance, mobility and overall function that occur as a result of the disorder. a variety of treatment strategies can be employed to address the unique needs of each individual. potential treatment interventions include splinting, therapeutic exercise, manual stretching, soft tissue and joint mobilization, postural training and bracing, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, constraint-induced movement therapy, activity and environmental modification, and gait training. a patient with dystonia may have significant challenges in activities of daily living (adl), an area especially suited for treatment by occupational therapy (ot). an occupational therapist (ot) may perform needed upper extremity splinting, provide movement inhibitory techniques, train fine motor coordination, provide an assistive device, or teach alternative methods of activity performance to achieve a patient's goals for bathing, dressing, toileting, and other valued activities. recent research has investigated further into the role of physiotherapy in the treatment of dystonia. a recent study showed that reducing psychological stress, in conjunction with exercise, is beneficial for reducing truncal dystonia in patients with parkinson’s disease. another study emphasized progressive relaxation, isometric muscle endurance, dynamic strength, coordination, balance, and body perception, seeing significant improvements to patients' quality of life after 4 weeks. since the root of the problem is neurological, doctors have explored sensorimotor retraining activities to enable the brain to "rewire" itself and eliminate dystonic movements. the work of several doctors such as nancy byl and joaquin farias has shown that sensorimotor retraining activities and proprioceptive stimulation can induce neuroplasticity, making it possible for patients to recover substantial function that was lost due to cervical dystonia, hand dystonia, blepharospasm, oromandibular dystonia, dysphonia and musicians' dystonia. some focal dystonias have been proven treatable through movement retraining in the taubman approach, particularly in the case of musicians. however other focal dystonias may not respond and may even be made worse by this treatment. due to the rare and variable nature of dystonia, research investigating the effectiveness of these treatments is limited. there is no gold standard for physiotherapy rehabilitation. to date, focal cervical dystonia has received the most research attention; however, study designs are poorly controlled and limited to small sample sizes. medication different medications are tried in an effort to find a combination that is effective for a specific person. not all people respond well to the same medications. medications that have had positive results in some include: anticholinergics (such as diphenhydramine, benzatropine, atropine), dopamine agonists (such as ropinirole and bromocriptine), and muscle relaxants (such as diazepam). anticholinergics medications such as anticholinergics (benztropine), which act as inhibitors of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, may provide some relief. in the case of an acute dystonic reaction, diphenhydramine is sometimes used (though this drug is well known as an antihistamine, in this context it is being used primarily for its anticholinergic role)..