posterior vagal trunk posterior vagal trunk the posterior vagal trunk is one of the two divisions (the other being the anterior vagal trunk) into which the vagus nerve splits as it passes through the esophageal hiatus to enter the abdominal cavity. the anterior and posterior vagal trunks together represent the inferior continuation of the esophageal nervous plexus inferior to the diaphragm. posterior vagal trunkthe tracheobronchial lymph glands.course and distribution of the glossopharyngeal, vagus, and accessory nerves.detailsidentifierslatintruncus vagalis posteriorta98a14.2.01.179ta26679fma6227anatomical terms of neuroanatomy anatomy branches celiac branch posterior gastric branches of posterior vagal trunk|posterior gastric branches