modern colonization by medical intervention modern colonization by medical intervention modern colonization by medical intervention: u.s. medicine in puerto rico is a 2013 nonfiction book by nicole trujillo-pagán. the book details how the united states and its physicians used the medical treatment of puerto ricans, particularly jíbaros, to colonize and occupy puerto rico. modern colonization by medical intervention: u.s. medicine in puerto rico first editionauthornicole trujillo-pagánlanguageenglishsubjectmedical colonization of puerto ricopublisherbrillpublication date2013isbn978-90-04-24371-2