clodronic acid clodronic acid clodronic acid (inn) or clodronate disodium (na2ch2cl2o6p2) (usan) is a first generation (non-nitrogenous) bisphosphonate. it is an anti-osteoporotic drug approved for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women and men to reduce vertebral fractures, hyperparathyroidism, hypercalcemia in malignancy, multiple myeloma and fracture related pain because of its potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects shown as a reduction in inflammatory markers like il-1β, il-6, and tnf-α. clodronic acidclinical dataahfs/drugs.cominternational drug namesatc codem05ba02 (who) identifiers iupac name (dichloro-phosphono-methyl)phosphonic acid cas number10596-23-3 ypubchem cid25419drugbankdb00720 ychemspider23731 yunii0813bz6866keggd03545 ychebichebi:110423 ychemblchembl12318 ycomptox dashboard (epa)dtxsid8046959 echa infocard100.031.090 chemical and physical dataformulach4cl2o6p2molar mass244.88 g·mol−13d model (jsmol)interactive image smiles clc(cl)(p(=o)(o)o)p(=o)(o)o inchi inchi=1s/ch4cl2o6p2/c2-1(3,10(4,5)6)11(7,8)9/h(h2,4,5,6)(h2,7,8,9) ykey:acsixwwbwuqeha-uhfffaoysa-n y (verify) use in human medicine an italian study compared the analgesic effect of clodronic acid versus acetaminophen in rheumatic condition related pain. study result show a reduction in pain in favor of clodronic acid that provided more analgesia than 3 grams/day of acetaminophen. clodronic acid is also used in experimental medicine to selectively deplete macrophages. clodronic acid is approved for human use in canada and australia, the united kingdom, where it is marketed as bonefos, loron, clodron and in italy as clasteon, difosfonal, osteostab and several generics. in other countries is prescribed as a bone resorption inhibitor and antihypercalcemic agent. it is not approved for use in the united states, because it has too many adverse effects. use in equine medicine clodronic acid is approved for use in horses under the trade name osphos, for treatment of bone resorptive processes of navicular syndrome. it is given by intramuscular injection at one point in time, with the total dose divided into 2-3 sites on the horse. clinical effects (e.g. improvement of lameness) after a single treatment can be seen up to 6 months post-treatment. adverse reactions and contraindications clodronic acid has been shown to have several adverse effects. these include: signs of discomfort, agitation, or colic, usually within 2 hours of treatment. head shaking lip licking notes and references pennanen n, lapinjoki s, urtti a, mönkkönen j (june 1995). "effect of liposomal and free bisphosphonates on the il-1 beta, il-6 and tnf alpha secretion from raw 264 cells in vitro". pharmaceutical research. 12 (6): 916–22. doi:10.1023/a:1016281608773. pmid 7667201. s2cid 46332840. u.s. food and drug administration. "fda provides equine veterinarians with important information about tildren and osphos for navicular syndrome in horses". retrieved 3 january 2015. drugs for treatment of bone diseases (m05)bisphosphonates nitrogenous alendronic acid ibandronic acid incadronic acid minodronic acid neridronic acid pamidronic acid risedronic acid zoledronic acid non-nitrogenous etidronic acid clodronic acid tiludronic acid bone morphogenetic proteins dibotermin alfa eptotermin alfa other resorption inhibitor ipriflavone aluminium chlorohydrate dual action bone agent strontium ranelate rankl inhibitor denosumab sclerostin inhibitor romosozumab cathepsin k inhibitor odanacatib parathyroid hormone-related protein analogues abaloparatide teriparatide calcitonin calcium vitamin d this article is issued from wikipedia. the text is licensed under creative commons - attribution - sharealike. additional terms may apply for the media files.