sodium selenate sodium selenate sodium selenate names iupac name sodium selenate identifiers cas number 10102-23-5 n 3d model (jsmol) interactive image chebi chebi:77775 y chembl chembl114503 chemspider 24185 drugbank dbsalt002579 echa infocard 100.033.169 ec number 236-501-8 pubchem cid 25960 rtecs number vs6650000 unii decahydrate: 0cjn4029eb y un number 2630 comptox dashboard (epa) dtxsid5032076 inchi inchi=1s/2na.h2o4se/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(h2,1,2,3,4)/q2*+1;/p-2key: mhqotklemkrjir-uhfffaoysa-linchi=1s/2na.h2o4se/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(h2,1,2,3,4)/q2*+1;/p-2 smiles (=o)(=o).. properties chemical formula na2o4se molar mass 188.947 g·mol−1 appearance white or grey powder density 3.098 g/cm3 solubility in water soluble pharmacology atc code a12ce01 (who) hazards ghs labelling: pictograms signal word danger hazard statements h301, h331, h373, h410 nfpa 704 (fire diamond) 4 0 0 flash point non-flammable related compounds other anions sodium sulfate other cations potassium selenate except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °c , 100 kpa). n verify (what is yn ?) infobox references sodium selenate is the inorganic compound with the formula na2seo4, not to be confused with sodium selenite. it exists as the anhydrous salt, the heptahydrate, and the decahydrate. these are white, water-soluble solids. the decahydrate is a common ingredient in multivitamins and livestock feed as a source of selenium. the anhydrous salt is used in the production of some glass. although the selenates are much more toxic, many physical properties of sodium selenate and sodium sulfate are similar. production sodium selenate is produced by oxidation of selenium, first with nitric acid, producing selenous acid. the selenous acid is neutralized to form sodium selenite. the sodium selenite is oxidized in a basic medium hydrogen peroxide to form a selenate, which is then spray-dried. se + 2hno3 → h2seo3 + no + no2 h2seo3 + na2co3 → na2seo3 + h2o + co2 na2seo3 + h2o2 → na2seo4 + h2o. it was prepared shortly after the discovery of selenium by jöns jacob berzelius in 1817. industrial uses glass manufacturing one of the earliest applications of sodium selenate was in the glass industry. selenium produces a red hue in glass. the molten glass is treated with sodium selenate and then arsenic trioxide to reduce the compound and provide elemental selenium. sodium selenate is also used as a decolorizing agent in glass production. the red hue it gives glass is complementary to the green hue given by ferrous oxides in the manufacturing process. when used together, the two compound produce a colourless glass. pesticide sodium selenate is a common ingredient in some insecticides used against mites, aphids, and mealybugs. for most insects, a dose of 10 mg/kg is enough to be fatal. it is also used in some fungicides. bio-fortification of crops sodium selenate is effectively used for bio-fortification of crops hence fortifying food/feed to mitigate selenium deficiency in humans and livestock. it can be applied as foliar spray or via rooting medium e.g. added in fertilizers. dietary supplement chosen for its selenium content and high solubility, sodium selenate is a common ingredient in over-the-counter vitamin supplements. selenium is a trace essential element. sodium selenate and selenite are also common in premix animal feed. neither compound has demonstrated a difference in the amount of selenium absorbed. the us fda regulates that animal feed contain no more than 5 ppm selenium content. controversy arose in 2009 when a group of 21 polo horses died from selenium poisoning from an incorrectly mixed dietary supplement. toxicology the us fda and european union currently classify sodium selenate as toxic, primarily if ingested or inhaled. testing on rats showed a dose of 1.6 mg/kg to be lethal. a low lethal dose as this places the chemical as being 2 to 3 times more toxic than sodium cyanide. as such, it is extremely toxic and must be handled with care. for a 70 kilograms (150 lb) person, this dosage corresponds to 112 mg, or, in terms of 200 µg pills, 560 pills. chronic exposure to sodium selenate can cause severe lung, kidney, and liver damage. overexposure to selenium in the diet leads to a condition known as selenosis. selenosis occurs at blood levels greater than 100 µg/dl. symptoms include gastrointestinal upsets, hair loss, white blotchy nails, garlic breath odour, fatigue, irritability, and mild nerve damage.