hepatosplenomegaly hepatosplenomegaly hepatosplenomegaly (commonly abbreviated hsm) is the simultaneous enlargement of both the liver (hepatomegaly) and the spleen (splenomegaly). hepatosplenomegaly can occur as the result of acute viral hepatitis, infectious mononucleosis, and histoplasmosis or it can be the sign of a serious and life-threatening lysosomal storage disease. systemic venous hypertension can also increase the risk for developing hepatosplenomegaly, which may be seen in those patients with right-sided heart failure. hepatosplenomegalyspecialtygastroenterology common causes infection: acute viral hepatitis infectious mononucleosis cytomegalovirus rubella brucella infection hyper active malaria syndrome leishmaniasis fasciolosis typhoid fever schistosomiasis or filariasis importants septicemic plague histoplasmosis hematologic diseases: myeloproliferative disease leukaemia lymphoma pernicious anaemia sickle cell anaemia hereditary spherocytosis thalassaemia myelofibrosis metabolic disease: niemann-pick disease gaucher's disease hurler's syndrome chronic liver disease and portal hypertension: chronic active hepatitis amyloidosis acromegaly systemic lupus erythematosus sarcoidosis human african trypanosomiasis drug abuse obesity rare disorders lipoproteinlipase deficiency multiple sulfatase deficiency osteopetrosis adult-onset still's disease (aosd)