cannabidiol cannabidiol cannabidiol (cbd) is a phytocannabinoid discovered in 1940. it is one of 113 identified cannabinoids in cannabis plants, along with tetrahydrocannabinol (thc), and accounts for up to 40% of the plant's extract. as of 2019, clinical research on cbd included studies related to anxiety, cognition, movement disorders, and pain, but there is insufficient high-quality evidence that cannabidiol is effective for these conditions. nevertheless, cbd is a herbal dietary supplement promoted with unproven claims of particular therapeutic effects. the global market size for cbd was predicted to exceed us$47 billion by 2028. not to be confused with cannabinol or cannabinodiol. cannabidiolclinical datatrade namesepidiolex, epidyolexother namescbd, cannabidiolum, (−)-cannabidiolahfs/drugs.commonographmedlineplusa618051license data eu ema: by inn us dailymed: cannabidiol pregnancycategory au: b2 routes ofadministrationinhalation (smoking, vaping), buccal (aerosol spray), oral (solution)drug classcannabinoidatc coden03ax24 (who) legal statuslegal status au: s3 (pharmacist only) ca: unscheduled uk: general sales list (gsl, otc) us: unscheduled eu: rx-only pharmacokinetic databioavailabilityoral: 6% (fasted)inhaled: 31% (11–45%)elimination half-life18–32 hoursidentifiers iupac name 2--5-pentylbenzene-1,3-diol cas number13956-29-1 ypubchem cid644019iuphar/bps4150drugbankdb09061 ychemspider559095 yunii19gbj60sn5keggd10915chebichebi:69478 ypdb ligandp0t (pdbe, rcsb pdb)comptox dashboard (epa)dtxsid00871959 echa infocard100.215.986 chemical and physical dataformulac21h30o2molar mass314.469 g·mol−13d model (jsmol)interactive imagemelting point66 °c (151 °f)solubility in waterinsoluble smiles oc1c(c(o)cc(c1)ccccc)2\c=c(/cc2\c(=c)c)c inchi inchi=1s/c21h30o2/c1-5-6-7-8-16-12-19(22)21(20(23)13-16)18-11-15(4)9-10-17(18)14(2)3/h11-13,17-18,22-23h,2,5-10h2,1,3-4h3/t17-,18+/m0/s1key:qhmbsvqnzztugm-zwkotpchsa-n (verify) part of a series oncannabis artsculture 420 books magu (deity) names religion judaism latter-day saints sikhism smoke-in spiritual use sports stoner film stoner rock terms chemistry cannabinoid receptors cannabinoid receptor type 1 cannabinoid receptor type 2 cannabinoids 2-ag 2-age, noladin ether aea cbc cbl cbd cbdv cbg cbn cbv nada thc thcv virodhamine synthetic cannabinoids am-2201 cp-55940 dimethylheptylpyran hu-210 hu-331 jwh-018 jwh-073 jwh-133 levonantradol sr144528 win 55,212-2 consumption drinks edibles smoking tea vaping adult lifetime cannabis use by country annual cannabis use by country economics coffeeshop cultivation shop social club grow house grow shop head shop marijuana vending machine effects dependence driving drug testing effects of legalized cannabis gateway drug theory long term effects medicine memory pregnancy psychosis time perception forms bhang blunt charas flower essential oil hash oil hashish hemp hemp oil joint kief roach synthetic cannabis thai stick tincture law cannabis rights legality of cannabis timeline of cannabis law legality of cannabis in us legal history of cannabis in us us (medical non-medical timeline) cannabis act of canada legal history of cannabis in canada drug policy of california drug policy of the netherlands drug policy of portugal variants autoflowering cannabis genus cannabis species cannabis sativa cannabis indica cannabis ruderalis strains acapulco gold blue dream charlotte's web kush malawi gold sour diesel related drug culture illegal drug trade psychedelia cannabis portal medicine portal agriculture portal cannabidiol can be taken internally in multiple ways, including by inhaling cannabis smoke or vapor, oral, and as an aerosol spray into the cheek. it may be supplied as cbd oil containing only cbd as the active ingredient (excluding thc or terpenes), cbd-dominant hemp extract oil, capsules, dried cannabis, or prescription liquid solution. cbd does not have the same psychoactivity as thc, and can negate the psychoactive effects of thc on the body if both are present. cbd heated to 250–300 °c may partially be converted into thc. as of 2018, the mechanism of action for its biological effects had not been determined. unlike thc, which acts on the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (cb1) as a partial agonist, cbd instead is a negative allosteric modulator of cb1 receptors. in the united states, the cannabidiol drug epidiolex was approved by the food and drug administration (fda) in 2018 for the treatment of two epilepsy disorders. while the 2018 united states farm bill removed hemp and hemp extracts (including cbd) from the controlled substances act, the marketing and sale of cbd formulations for medical use or as an ingredient in dietary supplements or manufactured foods remains illegal under fda regulation, as of 2021. medical uses cannabidiol is the generic name of the drug and its inn. research as of 2019, there was limited high-quality evidence for cannabidiol having a neurological effect in humans. in the united states, federal illegality has made it difficult historically to conduct research on cbd. epilepsy