sar helicopter in the uk, land-based searches for a missing person are usually coordinated by the local police. there is a network of local volunteer agencies that can be called out to assist these searches, which are part of the association of lowland search and rescue. other voluntary agencies exist to provide specialist search and rescue services, such as the cave rescue organisation and mountain rescue committee of scotland. these organisations are usually called out indirectly by the police. for example, the british cave rescue council advises that if someone goes missing in a cave, callers should contact the local police who will then summon cave rescue. urban search and rescue units are run by the fire services. his majesty's coastguard are in charge of maritime search and rescue missions. the coastguard is one of the four emergency services that can be contacted on 999. their role is to initiate and coordinate the searches. lifeboats are provided by volunteer agencies, most often by the royal national lifeboat institution. aircraft for an air-sea rescue were originally provided by the royal navy and royal air force. under the programme uk-sar, they are now operated under contract by bristow helicopters. the maritime & coastguard agency are launching a tender for their second generation uk search and rescue aviation programme (uksar2g), which is one of several tenders for similar services. examples of local resources include: berkshire lowland search and rescue cardiff and vale rescue association cave rescue organisation emergency response team search and rescue mercia inshore search and rescue scarborough and ryedale mountain rescue team surrey search and rescue severn area rescue association upper wharfedale fell rescue association west mercia search and rescue united states main article: search and rescue in the united states us coast guard eurocopter hh-65 dolphin sar helicopter us coast guard sikorsky hh-60 jayhawk sar helicopter in the united states there are many organizations with sar responsibilities at the national, state and local level. most day-to-day sar missions in the us are run by the county sheriffs, except in states like alaska, where the state highway patrol oversees sar, or in other areas where local fire, ems, or a non-profit department may be the providers of sar services. they in turn, can request help from state and national resources, if they think they need them. a typical sheriff's office has a volunteer sar team that matches the terrain and population of that county. sar members are typically trained in the incident command system (ics), first aid, and the outdoor skills needed in that terrain and climate. most of this article is about the federal response to assist large complicated sar missions. in january 2008, the united states department of homeland security (dhs) released the national response framework which serves as the guiding document for a federal response during a national emergency. search and rescue is divided into 4 primary elements, while assigning a federal agency with the lead role for each of the 4 elements. structural collapse-usar: department of homeland security federal emergency management agency waterborne: united states coast guard, united states coast guard auxiliary inland-wilderness: united states department of interior, national park service aeronautical: united states air force via the air force rescue coordination center and usaf rescue wings, groups and squadrons in the air combat command, pacific air forces (for alaska and hawaii), air education and training command, air force reserve command and the air national guard; the civil air patrol in its role as the usaf auxiliary; and the united states navy and united states marine corps, both active and reserve (secondary missions for land-based usn maritime patrol and reconnaissance squadrons and land-based and sea-based usn/usmc helicopter squadrons) sar standards adopted by agencies having jurisdiction are developed primarily by non-governmental organizations, including astm international and national fire protection association. these standards are adopted also by training and certification organizations such as mountain rescue association and national association for search and rescue to develop training that will meet or exceed those standards. within astm international, standards specific to sar are developed by technical committee f32 on search and rescue. formed in 1988, the committee had 85 current members and jurisdiction of 38 approved standards. vietnam under command of the central government: national committee of search and rescue is responsible for searching, rescuing and disaster relief. central committee of prevention of natural disasters is responsible for analyzing information and monitoring disaster relief processes. under command of local people's committee: each province and municipality has a provincial or city committee of prevention of natural disaster under command of the ministry of defense: general staff: department of rescue of vietnam people's army is responsible for coordinating all military rescue activities (including ground force rescue activities). navy: office of rescue of vietnam people's navy is responsible for coordinating naval rescue activities. air force: office of rescue of vietnam people's air force is responsible for coordinating air force rescue activities. coast guard: office of rescue of vietnam coast guard is responsible for coordinating coastal rescue activities. border guard: office of rescue of vietnam border defense force is responsible for coordinating border rescue activities. under command of the ministry of public security: vietnam fire and rescue police department is responsible for fire fighting activities. under command of the ministry of transport: department of maritime administration: vietnam maritime search and rescue coordination center (vmrcc) is responsible for maritime rescue activities. vmrcc is divided into 4 rescue regions: vietnam maritime search and rescue coordination center of region i: operate in tonkin gulf vietnam maritime search and rescue coordination center of region ii: operate in north central sea vietnam maritime search and rescue coordination center of region iii: operate in gulf of thailand and southern sea vietnam maritime search and rescue coordination center of region iv: operate in south central sea corporation of air traffic management: vietnam aviation search and rescue coordination center (varcc) is responsible for air rescue activities. varcc is divided into 3 rescue regions: vietnam aviation search and rescue coordination center of northern vietnam: operate in northern region vietnam aviation search and rescue coordination center of central vietnam: operate in central region vietnam aviation search and rescue coordination center of southern vietnam: operate in southern region vietnam railway rescue and natural calamity response center of northern vietnam: operates in northern region vietnam railway rescue and natural calamity response center of central vietnam: operates in central region vietnam railway rescue and natural calamity response center of southern vietnam: operates in southern region aircraft spanish air force aérospatiale sa330j puma of the 801 squadron of the air force. note the lettering reading "sar". rotary and fixed wing aircraft are used for air and sea rescue. a list of common aircraft used: aérospatiale sa330 puma aérospatiale sa360 dauphin airbus helicopters h175 agustawestland aw109 agustawestland aw139 agustawestland aw101 agustawestland ch-149 cormorant bell uh-1 iroquois bell ch-146 griffon boeing vertol ch-46 sea knight ch-113 labrador and 113a voyageur eurocopter dauphin - variant of aérospatiale sa 360 dauphin eurocopter dolphin hh-65 eurocopter as365 dauphin 2 eurocopter as332 super puma eurocopter ec225 super puma eurocopter as532 cougar lockheed hc-130 hercules lockheed p-3 orion sikorsky s-61 sikorsky s-70 blackhawk sikorsky hh-60 jayhawk sikorsky hh-60 pave hawk sikorsky sh-60 seahawk sikorsky s-76 sikorsky s-92 sikorsky h-92 superhawk sikorsky ch-148 cyclone westland sea king westland wessex hc2