melanie's marvelous measles melanie's marvelous measles melanie's marvelous measles is a self-published children's book written by australian author and anti-vaccine activist stephanie messenger. through its story, the book claims, contrary to scientific data, that contracting measles is beneficial to health, and that vaccines are ineffective. melanie's marvelous measles authorstephanie messengercountryaustralialanguageenglishsubjectmeasles, anti-vaccinationgenrechildren's bookpublished2012publisherself-publishedisbn9780987233400 this article is part of a series onalternative medicine general information alternative medicine history terminology alternative veterinary medicine quackery (health fraud) rise of modern medicine pseudoscience antiscience skepticism scientific therapeutic nihilism fringe medicine and science acupressure acupuncture alkaline diet anthroposophic medicine apitherapy applied kinesiology aromatherapy association for research and enlightenment auriculotherapy bates 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na zang-fu chumash curandero faith healing hilot iranian jamu kambo japanese korean mien shiang mongolian prophetic medicine shamanism shiatsu siddha sri lankan thai massage tibetan unani vietnamese diagnoses adrenal fatigue aerotoxic syndrome candida hypersensitivity chronic lyme disease electromagnetic hypersensitivity heavy legs leaky gut syndrome multiple chemical sensitivity wilson's temperature syndrome the book was first published in 2012, but came to attention in 2015 following a measles outbreak that began at disneyland during december of the previous year. many commentators have criticised the book because of the dangers associated with contracting measles, and because its title is reminiscent of george's marvellous medicine, by roald dahl, who was a prominent advocate of vaccination in his later years, following the death of his daughter olivia from measles in 1962. the book has also received attention for the numerous negative reviews it has received on amazon.com. premise and plot the book contends that contracting measles is beneficial for children, with the book's product description describing the disease as "quite benign" and "beneficial to the body". melanie's marvelous measles was written to educate children on the benefits of having measles and how you can heal from them naturally and successfully. often today, we are being bombarded with messages from vested interests to fear all diseases in order for someone to sell some potion or vaccine, when, in fact, history shows that in industrialised countries, these diseases are quite benign and, according to natural health sources, beneficial to the body.— blurb in back of book in the story, a girl named tina, who has never been vaccinated, returns to school after the winter break and discovers that her friend melanie is at home with measles. tina's mother encourages tina to visit melanie, because catching measles would be a good thing for tina. tina tells her mother that the other children are frightened of getting measles, but her mother reassures her by explaining that catching measles is a good thing for most children: "many wise people believe measles make the body stronger and more mature for the future". she suggests some carrot juice and melon might help melanie recover. she says that being scared of the disease is "a bit like being scared of the dark". her mother explains that tina has not been vaccinated because of asperger syndrome, which her older brother had after receiving his vaccinations. melanie's mother explains that melanie had been vaccinated against measles and it did not work; the doctor said that melanie's measles were the worst case he had ever seen. melanie explains to tina that the spots do not hurt or itch, and shows tina her spotty tummy. the two girls spend the day playing together and end the day with a hug. a week later tina is back to school, without measles. her mother attributes this to her eating the right foods, playing in the fresh air and drinking much water. jared, a vaccinated boy, ends up being the one that gets measles; tina's mother blames this on his bad eating habits and "the accompanying image is of an annoyed jared laying in bed covered in spots with a hamburger, chips (labeled 'msg-enriched, gm-full'), ... soda, cupcake, chocolate bar on his bedside table". the book also criticizes childhood vaccines as ineffective, and messenger states in the book that she has raised three children "vaccine-free and childhood disease-free". the scientific data independent data shows that measles causes the most vaccine-preventable deaths of any disease, resulting in about 96,000 deaths in 2013, and the vaccine is 97% effective after two shots. measles is highly contagious – before immunisation in the united states there were between three and four million cases annually – and the fatality rate is approximately 0.2% of those infected. most of those who are infected and who die are less than five years old. recently published scientific research shows that, contrary to the message in the book, "the risk associated with measles infection is much greater than the sum of its observable symptoms" because a measles infection leaves children "...vulnerable to other pathogens that they might have been protected from before their bout with the virus". this is caused by the measles virus wiping out parts of the body's immune system's memory. "two months after the unvaccinated children recovered from measles, the team found that the virus had erased 11–73% of their antibodies against other bacteria and viruses. ...the kids who received the mmr vaccine showed no reduction in these antibodies." reception although the book was first published in 2012, it received considerable attention after the disneyland measles outbreak began in december 2014, which led to many people looking for the book in order to criticise it. the book has been criticised because measles is responsible for thousands of deaths every year. most reviews have been negative: for example, the president of the australian medical association, steve hambleton, said: "last time i saw a kid with measles with the rash they were carried into the surgery and the child looked like a rag doll. the mother was terrified. it's still fatal. about one in 10,000 children will die because of encephalitis". "even in 'industrialised countries', measles can cause encephalitis, seizures, blindness, heart and nervous system disorders, and (rarely) death". dr. david gorski, a breast cancer surgeon who writes frequently against alternative medicine and the anti-vaccine movement, writes: "i'm sure children with whooping cough who are coughing so hard that they can't catch their breath for hours on end, with haemophilus influenzae type b who develop pneumonia or meningitis, with polio who develop paralysis, or with measles who develop pneumonia or subacute sclerosing panencephalitis will feel happy to 'embrace childhood disease', at least those who don't end up dead, who can't embrace anything other than the grave." william sears says: "complications of the disease include pneumonia and encephalitis, swelling of the brain, that can result in deafness or mental retardation. i've seen a case of measles encephalitis and it's not pretty. there's nothing awesome about it at all". quite a few of the reviews contain statistics of illnesses in recent years. sears states that it is very easy to catch measles: "before the vaccine that eradicated the disease from this country by 2000, 'hundreds of thousands of kids got measles every year'... the cdc claims that, if exposed, 90% of unvaccinated people who come in contact with an infected person will get the disease. 'and for 1 out of every 1,000 children who contract it, the disease is fatal.'" "the world health organization says measles is 'one of the leading causes of death among young children even though a safe and cost-effective vaccine is available'. there are about 140,000 deaths a year, mostly in poor countries. in australia measles deaths are now rare because the disease has been controlled though widespread vaccination. when it does occur, the danger comes from complications such as pneumonia and encephalitis. dr. hambleton said while "there were occasional adverse reactions to the vaccination, it was far more dangerous to actually experience the disease." in pakistan, the world health organization reported 64 deaths from measles in 2011 and 306 deaths in 2012. "many pakistanis", reported al jazeera, "especially in rural areas, view vaccination campaigns with suspicion as a western plot to sterilize muslims." david gorski states that this clearly is an anti-vaccine book aimed at children who are told to "embrace childhood disease", eat healthy, and get plenty of sleep and sunshine. he feels that the anti-vaccine parents are hiding their children in the herd of vaccinated children and that if these parents had experienced polio and smallpox like "our grandparents had", they would not be so eager to refute vaccinations now. he thinks that messenger's belief that her first child's death (from an unreported cause) was vaccine related, and that her three younger children are healthy because they are not vaccinated, is just confirmation bias, and that statements from messenger like, "my unvaccinated children are alive and well and my vaccinated child is dead! that's what i know and live with every day" are difficult to combat with numbers, but it is still important to keep trying. gorski continues: "the death of a single child, whatever the cause, is a tragedy. if we want to see a lot more of these tragedies, all we have to do is to be complacent and let the vaccination rate fall too far below herd enormity. " messenger has said she was trying to give parents and children more knowledge. "only people who are not in favour of a free press or free speech would ", she said. "natural health says that measles is a good thing for a reasonably healthy child to have". the australian vaccination-skeptics network (avn) stated on their webpage that messenger was "concerned that the public are being misled by medical professionals. they are trying to say that vaccination is safe and effective and it is neither one of those things". the avn praises the book for its "beautiful" illustrations, and "simple, colourful text". it discusses not only the fact that measles is usually benign in healthy, well-nourished children, but the importance of proper nutrition including vitamin a from orange fruits and vegetables". roald dahl book another reason for the criticism is because the book's title resembles that of the book george's marvellous medicine, by roald dahl, who was a strong proponent of vaccination. dahl's daughter, olivia, died from measles in 1962 and he later wrote an account of her death. olivia, my eldest daughter, caught measles when she was seven years old. as the illness took its usual course i can remember reading to her often in bed and not feeling particularly alarmed about it. then one morning, when she was well on the road to recovery, i was sitting on her bed showing her how to fashion little animals out of coloured pipe-cleaners, and when it came to her turn to make one herself, i noticed that her fingers and her mind were not working together and she couldn't do anything. 'are you feeling all right?', i asked her. 'i feel all sleepy', she said. in an hour, she was unconscious. in twelve hours she was dead. ... i was unable to do that for olivia in 1962 because in those days a reliable measles vaccine had not been