radial collateral artery radial collateral artery the radial collateral artery (another term for the anterior descending branch of the profunda brachii artery) is a branch of the deep brachial artery. it arises in the arm proper and anastomoses with the radial recurrent artery near the elbow. radial collateral arterydiagram of the anastomosis around the elbow-joint. (radial collateral branch labeled at center left.)detailssourceprofunda brachiiidentifierslatinarteria collateralis radialista98a12.2.09.024ta24638fma23120anatomical terminology