obtained by co-deposition of elements on a silicon substrate. his work was preceded by j. j. hanak in 1970 but the computer and robotics tools were not available for the method to spread at the time. work has been continued by several academic groups as well as companies with large research and development programs (symyx technologies, ge, dow chemical etc.). the technique has been used extensively for catalysis, coatings, electronics, and many other fields. the application of appropriate informatics tools is critical to handle, administer, and store the vast volumes of data produced. new types of design of experiments methods have also been developed to efficiently address the large experimental spaces that can be tackled using combinatorial methods. diversity-oriented libraries even though combinatorial chemistry has been an essential part of early drug discovery for more than two decades, so far only one de novo combinatorial chemistry-synthesized chemical has been approved for clinical use by fda (sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor indicated for advanced renal cancer). the analysis of the poor success rate of the approach has been suggested to connect with the rather limited chemical space covered by products of combinatorial chemistry. when comparing the properties of compounds in combinatorial chemistry libraries to those of approved drugs and natural products, feher and schmidt noted that combinatorial chemistry libraries suffer particularly from the lack of chirality, as well as structure rigidity, both of which are widely regarded as drug-like properties. even though natural product drug discovery has not probably been the most fashionable trend in the pharmaceutical industry in recent times, a large proportion of new chemical entities still are nature-derived compounds, and thus, it has been suggested that effectiveness of combinatorial chemistry could be improved by enhancing the chemical diversity of screening libraries. as chirality and rigidity are the two most important features distinguishing approved drugs and natural products from compounds in combinatorial chemistry libraries, these are the two issues emphasized in so-called diversity oriented libraries, i.e. compound collections that aim at coverage of the chemical space, instead of just huge numbers of compounds. patent classification subclass in the 8th edition of the international patent classification (ipc), which entered into force on january 1, 2006, a special subclass has been created for patent applications and patents related to inventions in the domain of combinatorial chemistry: "c40b".