otherinflammation, small amounts induce acute phase reaction, large amounts induce fever il-2th1-cellscd25/il2ra, cd122/il2rb, cd132/il2rgactivated t cells and b cells, nk cells, macrophages, oligodendrocytesstimulates growth and differentiation of t cell response. can be used in immunotherapy to treat cancer or suppressed for transplant patients. has also been used in clinical trials (espirit. stalwart) to raise cd4 counts in hiv positive patients. il-3activated t helper cells, mast cells, nk cells, endothelium, eosinophilscd123/il3ra, cd131/il3rbhematopoietic stem cellsdifferentiation and proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells to e.g. erythrocytes, granulocytes mast cellsgrowth and histamine release il-4th2 cells, just activated naive cd4+ cell, memory cd4+ cells, mast cells, macrophagescd124/il4r, cd132/il2rgactivated b cellsproliferation and differentiation, igg1 and ige synthesis. important role in allergic response (ige) t cellsproliferation endotheliumincrease expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule (vcam-1) promoting adhesion of lymphocytes. il-5th2 cells, mast cells, eosinophilscd125/il5ra, cd131/il3rbeosinophilsproduction b cellsdifferentiation, iga production il-6macrophages, th2 cells, b cells, astrocytes, endotheliumcd126/il6ra, cd130/ir6rbactivated b cellsdifferentiation into plasma cells plasma cellsantibody secretion hematopoietic stem cellsdifferentiation t cells, othersinduces acute phase reaction, hematopoiesis, differentiation, inflammation il-7bone marrow stromal cells and thymus stromal cellscd127/il7ra, cd132/il2rgpre/pro-b cell, pre/pro-t cell, nk cellsdifferentiation and proliferation of lymphoid progenitor cells, involved in b, t, and nk cell survival, development, and homeostasis, ↑proinflammatory cytokines il-8 or cxcl8macrophages, lymphocytes, epithelial cells, endothelial cellscxcr1/il8ra, cxcr2/il8rb/cd128neutrophils, basophils, lymphocytesneutrophil chemotaxis il-9th2 cells, specifically by cd4+ helper cellscd129/il9rt cells, b cellspotentiates igm, igg, ige, stimulates mast cells il-10monocytes, th2 cells, cd8+ t cells, mast cells, macrophages, b cell subsetcd210/il10ra, cdw210b/il10rbmacrophagescytokine production b cellsactivation mast cells th1 cellsinhibits th1 cytokine production (ifn-γ, tnf-β, il-2) th2 cellsstimulation il-11bone marrow stromail11rabone marrow stromaacute phase protein production, osteoclast formation il-12dendritic cells, b cells, t cells, macrophagescd212/il12rb1, ir12rb2activated t cells,differentiation into cytotoxic t cells with il-2, ↑ ifn-γ, tnf-α, ↓ il-10 nk cells↑ ifn-γ, tnf-α il-13activated th2 cells, mast cells, nk cellsil13rth2-cells, b cells, macrophagesstimulates growth and differentiation of b cells (ige), inhibits th1-cells and the production of macrophage inflammatory cytokines (e.g. il-1, il-6), ↓ il-8, il-10, il-12 il-14t cells and certain malignant b cellsactivated b cellscontrols the growth and proliferation of b cells, inhibits ig secretion il-15mononuclear phagocytes (and some other cells), especially macrophages following infection by virus(es)il15rat cells, activated b cellsinduces production of natural killer cells il-16lymphocytes, epithelial cells, eosinophils, cd8+ t cellscd4cd4+ t cells (th-cells)cd4+ chemoattractant il-17t helper 17 cells (th17)cdw217/il17ra, il17rbepithelium, endothelium, otherosteoclastogenesis, angiogenesis, ↑ inflammatory cytokines il-18macrophagescdw218a/il18r1th1 cells, nk cellsinduces production of ifnγ, ↑ nk cell activity il-19-il20r- il-20activated keratinocytes and monocytesil20rregulates proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes il-21activated t helper cells, nkt cellsil21rall lymphocytes, dendritic cellscostimulates activation and proliferation of cd8+ t cells, augment nk cytotoxicity, augments cd40-driven b cell proliferation, differentiation and isotype switching, promotes differentiation of th17 cells il-22t helper 17 cells (th17)il22rproduction of defensins from epithelial cells. activates stat1 and stat3 and increases production of acute phase proteins such as serum amyloid a, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin and haptoglobin in hepatoma cell lines il-23macrophages, dendritic cellsil23rmaintenance of il-17 producing cells, increases angiogenesis but reduces cd8 t-cell infiltration il-24melanocytes, keratinocytes, monocytes, t cellsil20rplays important roles in tumor suppression, wound healing and psoriasis by influencing cell survival, inflammatory cytokine expression. il-25t cells, mast cells, eosinophils, macrophages, mucosal epithelial cellsly6einduces the production il-4, il-5 and il-13, which stimulate eosinophil expansion il-26t cells, monocytesil20r1enhances secretion of il-10 and il-8 and cell surface expression of cd54 on epithelial cells il-27macrophages, dendritic cellsil27raregulates the activity of b lymphocyte and t lymphocytes il-28-il28rplays a role in immune defense against viruses il-29-plays a role in host defenses against microbes il-30-forms one chain of il-27 il-31th2 cellsil31ramay play a role in inflammation of the skin il-32-induces monocytes and macrophages to secrete tnf-α, il-8 and cxcl2 il-33epithelial cellsinduces helper t cells to produce type 2 cytokine il-35regulatory t cellssuppression of t helper cell activation il-36-regulates dc and t cell responses international nonproprietary names for analogues and derivatives endogenous form namepharmaceutical form inn suffixinns interleukin-1 (il-1)-nakin interleukin-1α (il-1α)-onakinpifonakin interleukin-1β (il-1β)-benakinmobenakin interleukin-2 (il-2)-leukinadargileukin alfa, aldesleukin, celmoleukin, denileukin diftitox, pegaldesleukin, teceleukin, tucotuzumab celmoleukin interleukin-3 (il-3)-plestimdaniplestim, muplestim interleukin-4 (il-4)-trakinbinetrakin interleukin-6 (il-6)-exakinatexakin alfa interleukin-8 (il-8)-octakinemoctakin interleukin-10 (il-10)-decakinilodecakin interleukin-11 (il-11)-elvekinoprelvekin interleukin-12 (il-12)-dodekinedodekin alfa interleukin-13 (il-13)-tredekincintredekin besudotox interleukin-18 (il-18)-octadekiniboctadekin