roseburia roseburia roseburia is a genus of butyrate-producing, gram-positive anaerobic bacteria that inhabit the human colon. named in honor of theodor rosebury, they are members of the phylum bacillota (formerly known as firmicutes). roseburia scientific classification domain: bacteria phylum: bacillota class: clostridia order: eubacteriales family: lachnospiraceae genus: roseburiaduncan et al. 2006 type species roseburia cecicola species roseburia cecicola roseburia faecis roseburia hominis roseburia intestinalis roseburia inulinivorans increased abundance of roseburia is associated with weight loss and reduced glucose intolerance in mice.