as part of a set of interventions administered by dental professionals but it was found that there was no statistically significant difference between chlorhexidine and physiologic solutions when used as irrigants at second state surgery to maintain health of soft tissues. reduced mean plaque scores and reduced marginal bleeding scores were achieved more effectively from chlorhexidine irrigation than from the use of chlorhexidine mouthwash. listerine mouthwash was found to be statistically significantly better than a placebo at attaining reduced mean plaque scores and reduced marginal bleeding scores. when listerine mouthwash was used twice daily for 30 seconds in addition to routine oral hygiene, it was shown that a reduction of 54% in mean plaque and 34% in marginal bleeding compared to a placebo. chlorhexidine irrigations reduced mean plaque by 20% and marginal bleeding by 35% in comparison to a chlorhexidine mouthwash. chlorhexidine is the most effective antiplaque agent used in the mouth to date. reducing the mean plaque scores and the marginal bleeding scores contributes to both the prevention and the treatment of peri-implant mucositis. initially, the use of mouthwashes was only proposed for patients with physical disabilities which would result in decreased manual dexterity and hence make active cleaning difficult. however, it is now thought that this will lead to less peri-implant mucositis being caused in all implant patients. despite this, there have been concerns about the link between mouthwashes containing alcohol and the incidence of oral cancer. some studies looked solely at interventions which contribute to the reversal of peri-implant mucositis. one such study found no statistically significant difference between triclosan dentrifice in comparison to sodium fluoride dentrifice at recovering soft tissue health. there were also two trials conducted where patients with peri-implant mucositis were assessed after different interventions carried out by dental professionals. in these trials mechanical debridement being followed by minocycline or chlorhexidine gel had no statistically significant difference, nor did debridement with titanium curettes compared to an ultrasonic debridement tool. nouveau interventions a double‐blind randomized controlled trial assessing the effect of subgingival ozone (o3, gaseous ozone, healozone mk ii, kavo) and/or hydrogen peroxide on the development of peri‐implant mucositis, found that ozone showed significant potential for management of peri-implant mucositis compared to oxygen and saline. mechanical curettage with adjunct antimicrobial photodynamic therapy is more effective in reducing peri-implant inflammation in smokeless tobacco product users as compared to mechanical curettage alone in the short term (3 months). further long-term studies will be needed to confirm long term efficacy. current research found no evidence for use of systemic antibiotics in the treatment of peri-implant mucositis further discussion there is low quality evidence to suggest the most effective treatments for peri-implant mucositis, with no reliable evidence for which are more beneficial in the long term. all trials so far have had generally short follow-up periods and limited numbers of subjects. it is expected we will learn more about peri-implant mucositis as the number of patients opting to have implants continues to rise. there is little evidence for the most effective interventions for maintaining health and reversing the effects of peri-implant mucositis on the soft periodontal tissues. more rcts should be conducted on implants and their potential failure and the inflammation of the periodontal tissues that can be caused by them, especially long term studies. such trials will likely be difficult and expensive to carry out but there is definitely a need for them in order to find a definitive answer on how implants should be maintained and treated. research is being continued into the investigations of peri-implant crevicular fluid and saliva in an attempt to find biomarkers that are diagnostic and will be indicative of peri-implant mucositis before the disease has started and other clinical signs and symptoms are visible. there are concerns with metal and ultrasonic instrumentation roughening implant surface and causing increased plaque retention. studies in vitro have found that special coated scalers and ultrasonic tips (e.g. newly developed metallic tip and plastic hand curettes) were compatible with implant surfaces and caused minimal damage. however, this is yet to be confirmed in vivo. it was also found that plastic-coated scalers left plastic deposits on implant surfaces, hence more research is needed for evaluating their use in debriding implant. studies on patient perception on comfort regarding hand scaling compared to ultrasonic scaling will be helpful in order to increase patient compliance, especially in the event that hand and ultrasonic instrumentation were found to be equally effective.