increase or decrease effects of sympathomimetics, by blocking reuptake of NE, or blocking uptake of indirect sympathomimetics into the adrenergic neuron.pseudoephedrineMonitor Closely (1)formoterol and pseudoephedrine both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor.pyridostigmineMonitor Closely (1)pyridostigmine increases and glycopyrrolate inhaled decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.quazepamMonitor Closely (1)quazepam increases and formoterol decreases sedation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.quetiapineMonitor Closely (4)glycopyrrolate inhaled decreases levels of quetiapine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. quetiapine increases and formoterol decreases sedation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor. glycopyrrolate inhaled decreases levels of quetiapine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. quetiapine increases effects of glycopyrrolate inhaled by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.quinidineSerious - Use Alternative (1)quinidine and formoterol both increase QTc interval. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.quinineMonitor Closely (1)formoterol and quinine both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor.ranolazineMonitor Closely (1)formoterol and ranolazine both increase QTc interval. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.rapacuroniumMonitor Closely (1)glycopyrrolate inhaled and rapacuronium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.revefenacinSerious - Use Alternative (1)revefenacin and glycopyrrolate inhaled both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Coadministration may cause additive anticholinergic effects.ribociclibMonitor Closely (1)ribociclib increases toxicity of formoterol by QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor.rimantadineMonitor Closely (1)glycopyrrolate inhaled, rimantadine. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Enhanced CNS side effects.Minor (1)rimantadine increases effects of glycopyrrolate inhaled by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown.risperidoneMonitor Closely (5)risperidone increases effects of glycopyrrolate inhaled by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia. formoterol and risperidone both increase QTc interval. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. glycopyrrolate inhaled decreases levels of risperidone by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. glycopyrrolate inhaled decreases levels of risperidone by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. risperidone increases and formoterol decreases sedation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.rivastigmineMonitor Closely (1)rivastigmine increases and glycopyrrolate inhaled decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.rocuroniumMonitor Closely (1)glycopyrrolate inhaled and rocuronium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.sacubitril/valsartanMonitor Closely (1)sacubitril/valsartan increases and formoterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.sageMinor (1)sage increases and formoterol decreases sedation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Minor/Significance Unknown.salicylates (non-asa)Monitor Closely (1)salicylates (non-asa) increases and formoterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.salmeterolMonitor Closely (3)formoterol and salmeterol both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor. formoterol and salmeterol both decrease sedation. Use Caution/Monitor. formoterol and salmeterol both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor.salsalateMonitor Closely (1)salsalate increases and formoterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.scopolamineMonitor Closely (1)glycopyrrolate inhaled and scopolamine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.scullcapMonitor Closely (1)scullcap increases and formoterol decreases sedation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.secobarbitalMonitor Closely (1)secobarbital increases and formoterol decreases sedation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.selpercatinibMonitor Closely (1)selpercatinib increases toxicity of formoterol by QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor.serdexmethylphenidate/dexmethylphenidateMonitor Closely (1)formoterol and serdexmethylphenidate/dexmethylphenidate both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor.shepherd's purseMonitor Closely (1)shepherd's purse increases and formoterol decreases sedation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.sodium sulfate/potassium chloride/magnesium sulfate/polyethylene glycolMonitor Closely (1)formoterol and sodium sulfate/potassium chloride/magnesium sulfate/polyethylene glycol both decrease serum potassium. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.solifenacinMonitor Closely (1)glycopyrrolate inhaled and solifenacin both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.solriamfetolMonitor Closely (1)formoterol and solriamfetol both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor.sorafenibMonitor Closely (1)sorafenib and formoterol both increase QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor.sotalolMonitor Closely (2)sotalol decreases effects of formoterol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. sotalol increases and formoterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.Serious - Use Alternative (2)formoterol and sotalol both increase QTc interval. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Drugs known to prolong the QTc interval may potentiate the cardiovascular effects of formoterol. sotalol and formoterol both increase QTc interval. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Drugs known to prolong the QTc interval may potentiate the cardiovascular effects of formoterol.spironolactoneMonitor Closely (1)spironolactone increases and formoterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.stiripentolMonitor Closely (1)stiripentol will increase the level or effect of budesonide inhaled by P-glycoprotein (MDR1) efflux transporter. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely. Consider reducing the dose of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrates, if adverse reactions are experienced when administered concomitantly with stiripentol.succinylcholineMonitor Closely (2)succinylcholine increases and glycopyrrolate inhaled decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor. succinylcholine increases and formoterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.sufentanilMonitor Closely (1)sufentanil increases and formoterol decreases sedation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.sulfamethoxazoleMonitor Closely (1)sulfamethoxazole and formoterol both increase QTc interval. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.sulfasalazineMonitor Closely (1)sulfasalazine increases and formoterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.sulindacMonitor Closely (1)sulindac increases and formoterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.tapentadolMonitor Closely (1)tapentadol increases and formoterol decreases sedation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.telavancinMonitor Closely (1)formoterol and telavancin both increase QTc interval. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.temazepamMonitor Closely (1)temazepam increases and formoterol decreases sedation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.terbutalineMonitor Closely (3)formoterol and terbutaline both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor. formoterol and terbutaline both decrease sedation. Use Caution/Monitor. formoterol and terbutaline both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor.thioridazineMonitor Closely (4)thioridazine increases and formoterol decreases sedation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor. glycopyrrolate inhaled decreases levels of thioridazine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. glycopyrrolate inhaled decreases levels of thioridazine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. thioridazine increases effects of glycopyrrolate inhaled by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.Serious - Use Alternative (1)thioridazine and formoterol both increase QTc interval. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.Minor (1)thioridazine increases toxicity of glycopyrrolate inhaled by unknown mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.thiothixeneMonitor Closely (4)thiothixene increases and formoterol decreases sedation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor. glycopyrrolate inhaled decreases levels of thiothixene by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. glycopyrrolate inhaled decreases levels of thiothixene by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. thiothixene increases effects of glycopyrrolate inhaled by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.timololMonitor Closely (2)timolol decreases effects of formoterol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. timolol increases and formoterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.tiotropiumMonitor Closely (1)glycopyrrolate inhaled and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.tolfenamic acidMonitor Closely (1)tolfenamic acid increases and formoterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.tolmetinMonitor Closely (1)tolmetin increases and formoterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.tolterodineMonitor Closely (1)glycopyrrolate inhaled and tolterodine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.tolvaptanMonitor Closely (1)tolvaptan increases and formoterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.topiramateMonitor Closely (1)topiramate increases and formoterol decreases sedation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.torsemideMonitor Closely (1)formoterol and torsemide both decrease serum potassium. Use Caution/Monitor.Minor (1)formoterol, torsemide. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Hypokalemia.tramadolMonitor Closely (1)tramadol increases and formoterol decreases sedation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.tranylcypromineSerious - Use Alternative (1)tranylcypromine increases effects of formoterol by pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated. Risk of acute hypertensive episode.trazodoneMonitor Closely (1)trazodone increases and formoterol decreases sedation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.Serious - Use Alternative (2)trazodone and formoterol both increase QTc interval. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. trazodone, formoterol. Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Tricyclic antidepressants increase or decrease effects of sympathomimetics, by blocking reuptake of NE, or blocking uptake of indirect sympathomimetics into the adrenergic neuron.Minor (2)glycopyrrolate inhaled and trazodone both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Minor/Significance Unknown. trazodone increases levels of glycopyrrolate inhaled by unknown mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.triamtereneMonitor Closely (1)triamterene increases and formoterol decreases serum potassium. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.triazolamMonitor Closely (1)triazolam increases and formoterol decreases sedation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.triclofosMonitor Closely (1)triclofos increases and formoterol decreases sedation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.trifluoperazineMonitor Closely (4)trifluoperazine increases and formoterol decreases sedation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor. glycopyrrolate inhaled decreases levels of trifluoperazine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. trifluoperazine increases effects of glycopyrrolate inhaled by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia. glycopyrrolate inhaled decreases levels of trifluoperazine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.Serious - Use Alternative (1)trifluoperazine and formoterol both increase QTc interval. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.Minor (1)trifluoperazine increases toxicity of glycopyrrolate inhaled by unknown mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.trihexyphenidylMonitor Closely (1)glycopyrrolate inhaled and trihexyphenidyl both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor. Potential for additive anticholinergic effects.trimethoprimMonitor Closely (1)formoterol and trimethoprim both increase QTc interval. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.trimipramineMonitor Closely (3)trimipramine increases and formoterol decreases sedation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor. glycopyrrolate inhaled and trimipramine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor. trimipramine increases levels of glycopyrrolate inhaled by unknown mechanism. Use Caution/Monitor.Serious - Use Alternative (2)trimipramine and formoterol both increase QTc interval. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. trimipramine, formoterol. Other (see comment). Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Comment: Tricyclic antidepressants increase or decrease effects of sympathomimetics, by blocking reuptake of NE, or blocking uptake of indirect sympathomimetics into the adrenergic neuron.triprolidineMonitor Closely (1)triprolidine increases and formoterol decreases sedation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.triptorelinMonitor Closely (1)triptorelin increases levels of formoterol by QTc interval. Use Caution/Monitor. Increases risk of torsades de pointes.tropisetronMonitor Closely (1)formoterol and tropisetron both increase QTc interval. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.trospium chlorideMonitor Closely (1)glycopyrrolate inhaled and trospium chloride both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.umeclidinium bromideMonitor Closely (1)umeclidinium bromide and glycopyrrolate inhaled both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor. If possible, avoid coadministration of additional anticholinergic agents umeclidinium bromide/vilanterol inhaledContraindicated (1)glycopyrrolate inhaled, umeclidinium bromide/vilanterol inhaled. Either increases toxicity of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated. Duplicate therapy.Serious - Use Alternative (1)formoterol increases toxicity of umeclidinium bromide/vilanterol inhaled by QTc interval. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Exercise extreme caution when vilanterol coadministered with drugs that prolong QTc interval; adrenergic agonist effects on the cardiovascular system may be potentiated.vecuroniumMonitor Closely (1)glycopyrrolate inhaled and vecuronium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.venlafaxineMonitor Closely (1)formoterol and venlafaxine both increase QTc interval. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.vilanterol/fluticasone furoate inhaledSerious - Use Alternative (1)formoterol increases toxicity of vilanterol/fluticasone furoate inhaled by QTc interval. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Exercise extreme caution when vilanterol coadministered with drugs that prolong QTc interval; adrenergic agonist effects on the cardiovascular system may be potentiated.voriconazoleMonitor Closely (1)formoterol and voriconazole both increase QTc interval. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.xylometazolineMonitor Closely (2)formoterol and xylometazoline both decrease sedation. Use Caution/Monitor. formoterol and xylometazoline both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor.yohimbineMonitor Closely (2)formoterol and yohimbine both decrease sedation. Use Caution/Monitor. formoterol and yohimbine both increase sympathetic (adrenergic) effects, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Use Caution/Monitor.ziconotideMonitor Closely (1)ziconotide increases and formoterol decreases sedation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.ziprasidoneMonitor Closely (4)glycopyrrolate inhaled decreases levels of ziprasidone by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. ziprasidone increases effects of glycopyrrolate inhaled by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia. glycopyrrolate inhaled decreases levels of ziprasidone by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. ziprasidone increases and formoterol decreases sedation. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.Serious - Use Alternative (1)formoterol and ziprasidone both increase QTc interval. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug.zotepineMonitor Closely (2)glycopyrrolate inhaled decreases levels of zotepine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor. glycopyrrolate inhaled decreases levels of zotepine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor. 1-10% Upper respiratory tract infection (5.7%) Pneumonia (4.6%) Dysphonia (3.3%) Muscle spasms (2.8-3.3%) Back pain (3.1%) Oral candidiasis (3%) Influenza (2.9%) Urinary tract infection (2.7%) Cough (2.7%) Sinusitis (2.6%) Diarrhea (2.1%) <1% Cataracts Frequency Not Defined Other adverse effects associated ≥1 of the individual components Hyperglycemia Anxiety Insomnia Headache