petitioner attacks the constitutionality of the act , contending that : ( 1 ) it denies to alien residents the equal protection of the laws and deprives of their liberty and property without due process of law ; ( 2 ) the subject of the act is not expressed or comprehended in the title thereof ; ( 3 ) the act violates international and treaty obligations of the republic of the philippines ; ( 4 ) the provisions of the act against the transmission by aliens of their retail business thru hereditary succession , and those requiring 100 % filipino capitalization for a corporation or entity to entitle it to engage in the retail business , violate the spirit of sections 1 and 5 , article xiii and section 8 of article xiv of the constitution .