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状语从句
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when, as, while
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when引出的时间状语从句，其中的动词既可以是延续性动作的动词，也可以是瞬间性动作的动词，而且可以表示主语的动作和从句的动作同时发生，或者从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前。_NEWLINE_e.g._NEWLINE_  When you apply for a job, you must present your credentials._NEWLINE_  When the students heard the teacher's footsteps, they all stopped talking._NEWLINE_when还可以表示just then(正在那时，突然)的意思，此时其所引导的从句只放在主句之后。_NEWLINE_e.g._NEWLINE_  We were about to start when it began to rain._NEWLINE_as引出的时间状语从句，其动作是延续性的，而且侧重表示主句和从句的动作同时发生._NEWLINE_e.g._NEWLINE_  As the students walked to their dormitories,they sang happily._NEWLINE_while表示"在某一段时间里"或"在...期间"，其所引出的从句的动作是延续性的，且侧重表示主句和从句的动作同时发生。_NEWLINE_e.g._NEWLINE_  While the teacher paraphrased the text in English,the students listened attentively and took notes._NEWLINE_while还可用作并列连词，相当于whereas，连接一个表示对比的并列分句。_NEWLINE_e.g._NEWLINE_  Mary was dressed in blue while Jane was dressed in red.
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whenever,every time,each time任何时候;每当
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e.g._NEWLINE_  Whenever I met her,she was studying._NEWLINE_  Every time I met her,she was staying with him._NEWLINE_  Each time I met her,she was listening to the music.
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since(自从，从...以来),ever since(从那时起一直到现在;此后一直)
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since,ever since引导的从句通常用一般过去时，主句中的谓语动词通常用完成时._NEWLINE_e.g._NEWLINE_  We've never met since we graduated from the college._NEWLINE_  It is six years since we parted.
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before(在...之前),after(在...之后)
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before引导的从句一般表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前，如从句是过去时,主句一般用过去完成时._NEWLINE_e.g._NEWLINE_  I had written my dissertation before my supervisor went abroad._NEWLINE_after引导的从句，表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后，如主句是过去时,从句一般用过去完成时._NEWLINE_e.g._NEWLINE_  After the boy had finished his homework,he played football with his friends.
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till,until
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until比较正式，可用于句首，而till一般不用于句首.till和until所表示的意义相同，但要注意以下情况:_NEWLINE_如主句的谓语动词是延续性动词，就常用肯定式表示"直到...为止"_NEWLINE_e.g._NEWLINE_  He will remain in college until(till) he finishes his Ph.D course._NEWLINE_如主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词，就常用否定式表示"直到...才"或"在...之前（不）".此时的till和still可用before替换，意义差别不大。_NEWLINE_e.g._NEWLINE_  I won't go with you until(till) I finish my homework.
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as soon as,immediately,directly,once,the minute/moment (that) etc.
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as soon as,immediately,directly,once,the minute/moment (that)等引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为"一...就..."._NEWLINE_e.g._NEWLINE_  As soon as we got home,the telephone rang._NEWLINE_  I recognized her immediately I saw her._NEWLINE_  Directly the teacher came in everyone was quiet._NEWLINE_  Once you understand this rule,you'll have no further difficulty._NEWLINE_  I want to see her the minute/moment (that) she arrives.
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no sooner...than,hardly(scarcely)...when
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no sooner...than,hardly(scarcely)...when引导的从句也表示"一...就","刚...就"的含义。但它们只用于过去时:主句中的动词一般用过去完成时，从句用过去时.no sooner,hardly位于句首时，主句的谓语要部分倒装._NEWLINE_e.g._NEWLINE_  He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey._NEWLINE_  No sooner had he arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey._NEWLINE_  No sooner had the words been spoken than he realized that he should have remained silent._NEWLINE_  Hardly had he reached the airport when the plane took off.
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地点状语从句
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引导地点状语从句的连词有:where(在..地方),wherever(无论哪里，在任何地方),everywhere(每一...地方，到处),anywhere（任何地方）.where总是放在主句后，绝不提前。_NEWLINE_e.g._NEWLINE_  Where there is a will,there is a way._NEWLINE_  You can go wherever(anywhere) you like these days._NEWLINE_  Wherever (Everywhere) they went,they were warmly welcomed._NEWLINE_  I'll take you anywhere you like.
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原因状语从句
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引导原因状语从句的连词有:because,as,since,for,now that,seeing that,considering (that),in that等。_NEWLINE_e.g._NEWLINE_  I didn't go abroad with her because I couldn't afford it._NEWLINE_  Since traveling by air is much faster, they decided to take a plane._NEWLINE_  As it is snowing, we shall not climb the mountain._NEWLINE_  It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet._NEWLINE_  Now (that) you've passed your test, you can drive on your own._NEWLINE_  Seeing (that) the weather is bad, we'll stay at home._NEWLINE_  Considering (that) he's only been learning English a year, he speaks it very well._NEWLINE_  Advertisement is distinguished from other forms of communication in that the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered._NEWLINE_  I'm in a slightly awkward position, in that he's not arriving until 10th.
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条件状语从句
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引导条件状语从句的连词或词组:if（如果）,unless（除非）,as(so) long as（只要）,on condition that(条件是...),provided/providing that（假如）,suppose/supposing（假如）,in case（如果）,for fear(that/lest)(惟恐;以免),only if(只要;只有),if only(但愿;要是...该多好)等。如果主句是将来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时表示。
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if,unless
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unless的意义相当于"if...not"，而且语气较强，一般不用于虚拟语气._NEWLINE_e.g._NEWLINE_  I'll buy a computer if I am able to save up enough money._NEWLINE_  Unless the weather was bad,my father always used to take a walk in the evening.
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suppose/supposing that,provided/providing (that)假如
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e.g._NEWLINE_  Suppose you had a million pounds -- how would you spend it?_NEWLINE_  Supposing (that) it rains,can we play the match indoors?_NEWLINE_  I will agree to go provided/providing (that) my expenses are paid.
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as(so) long as,on condition that,in case
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as(so) long as(只要...就...),on condition that(在...条件下;倘若),in case(以防万一，万一，如果)._NEWLINE_e.g._NEWLINE_  As long as you love me._NEWLINE_  As long as it doesn't rain,we can play._NEWLINE_  You can go out on condition that you wear an overcoat._NEWLINE_  You'd better take an umbrella in case it rains.
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only if ,if only
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only if引导真实条件句，用于句首，主语谓语倒装._NEWLINE_e.g._NEWLINE_  Only if a teacher has given permission,is a student allowed to enter this room_NEWLINE_if only一般引导虚拟条件状语从句或感叹句._NEWLINE_用一般过去式或would/could do表与现在或未来事实相反的愿望；用过去完成时表与过去事实相反的愿望，意为‘但愿’._NEWLINE_e.g._NEWLINE_  If only he had come,he would have met you._NEWLINE_  If only I could swim.
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让步状语从句
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让步状语从句的连词或词组有:although虽然，though虽然，even if/though即使;纵然;尽管，as尽管，while尽管，whoever(no matter who)不管谁，whatever(no matter what)无论什么，whenever(no matter when)无论什么时候，wherever(no matter where)无论哪里，however(no matter how)无论怎样，whether..or不论...还是。
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although虽然though虽然even if/though即使;纵然;尽管
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e.g._NEWLINE_  Although they have been talking for a long time,he cannot make her believe him._NEWLINE_  Though they lack offcial support,they continue their struggle._NEWLINE_  Though he is old,yet(still,nevertheless) he works day and night._NEWLINE_  Even if I failed again,I will not give up the experiment._NEWLINE_  I like her even though she can be annoying.
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whatever(whoever,whichever,whenever...)/no matter what(who,which,when...)
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e.g._NEWLINE_  Whoever(No matter who) wants to speek to me on the phone,tell them I'm busy._NEWLINE_  Wherever(No matter where) you go,I'm right here waiting for you._NEWLINE_  Whenever(No matter when) you call on us,you are welcome.
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as虽然;尽管
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as引导让步状语从句时，常放在作表语，状语或谓语的一部分的形容词，名词，副词或动词原形之后。如果是单数名词或形容词的最高级作表语，不再用冠词。_NEWLINE_e.g._NEWLINE_  Strong as you may be,you cannot lift it._NEWLINE_  Late as it was,they continued to study._NEWLINE_  Youngest as he is in our class,he studies very well._NEWLINE_  Child as she is,She knows a lot._NEWLINE_  Hard as he tried,he was unable to make much progress._NEWLINE_  Much as I like you,I couldn't live with you._NEWLINE_  Much as I would like to stay,I really must go home._NEWLINE_  Call as you may,he will not come._NEWLINE_  Published as it was such a time,his work attracted much attention.
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whether..or 不管;无论
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e.g._NEWLINE_  Whether it rains or not, we're playing football on Sunday._NEWLINE_  Whether she is sick or well, she is always cheerful.
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目的状语从句
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引导目的状语从句的连词或词组一般有:so that以便，in order that以便，in case免得;以防，for fear(that)惟恐;以免，lest & for fear that惟恐;以免;为不使；now that & given that因为。_NEWLINE_e.g._NEWLINE_  She wanted tea ready at seven so she could be by eight._NEWLINE_  They started early so that they might arrive in time._NEWLINE_  They stopped at Hangzhou in order that they could go around West Lake._NEWLINE_  She explained again and again in case we should misunderstand her._NEWLINE_  They spoke in whisper for fear (that) they might wake the baby._NEWLINE_  Lest anyone should think it strange,let me assure you that it is quite true.
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结果状语从句
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结果状语从句一般由so,that,so that,so...that,such that等引导放在主句之后。_NEWLINE_e.g._NEWLINE_  He spoke so fast that nobody could understand what he was saying._NEWLINE_  He made such repid progress that he soon began to write articles in English._NEWLINE_  There is so little time left that I have to tell you about it later._NEWLINE_  He told us such a story that we all laughed.=He told us so funny a story that we all laughed._NEWLINE_  The shops were closed so I didn't get any milk._NEWLINE_  He phoned me on arrival so that I knew he was safe and sound._NEWLINE_  Suddenly it began to rain heavily,so that it was almost impossible to carry on driving._NEWLINE_注意：So that引导结果状语从句时：so that前常有逗号，从句中常无情态动词；引导目的状语从句时：so that前常无逗号，从句中常有情态动词。
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方式状语从句
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方式状语从句一般由连词as(正如;就像),as if/though(好像;宛如)引导。
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as引导的方式状语从句，意思为"in the way or manner that"
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e.g._NEWLINE_  Why didn't you catch the last bus as I told you to?_NEWLINE_  She enjoys all kinds of music,as I do._NEWLINE_  Like me,she enjoys all kinds of music._NEWLINE_  Nobody understands him like/as I do.
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as if/though
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e.g._NEWLINE_  They looked at me as if/as though I were mad._NEWLINE_  They look as if/as though they know each other.
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比较状语从句
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比较状语从句一般由than（比）,as...as(和...一样),not as/so...as...(和...不一样),the+形容词比较级/副词比较级+the+形容词比较级/副词比较级(越...越...)等引导。
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than
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e.g._NEWLINE_  She likes reading better than (she likes) going to parties._NEWLINE_  He has lived here longer than I (has lived)._NEWLINE_  They love the girl than (they love) him._NEWLINE_  He has more friends than she (does)._NEWLINE_  Air in the country is much fresher than that in the city._NEWLINE_  She is younger than me.   <Spoken English>_NEWLINE_  You are more industrious than her.   <Spoken English>
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as..as 或 not so/as..as
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e.g._NEWLINE_  We were as fortunate as them (they were)._NEWLINE_  I hope she will make as much progress as you (have done)._NEWLINE_  She runs as fast as a boy (does).
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the...the...
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e.g._NEWLINE_  The more you listen to English, the easier it becomes._NEWLINE_  The harder you work, the greater progress you will make._NEWLINE_  The more pictures I take,the more skilled I　become.