b'\n_START_ARTICLE_\nPPPoE\n_START_SECTION_\nPPPoE darb\xc4\xabba\n_START_PARAGRAPH_\nPPPoE darbojas \xc5\xa1\xc4\x81di: Ir Ethernet vide, kur ir vair\xc4\x81kas saist\xc4\xabtas t\xc4\xabkla iek\xc4\x81rtas, kas tiek adres\xc4\x93tas ar MAC adres\xc4\x93m. Ethernet kadru galvenes satur kadru s\xc5\xabt\xc4\xabt\xc4\x81ja adresi, sa\xc5\x86\xc4\x93m\xc4\x93ja adresi un kadra tipu. Viena no kart\xc4\x93m klaus\xc4\x81s PPPoE serveri. Klients nos\xc5\xabta apraid\xc4\x93 Ethernet kadru, uz kuru ir j\xc4\x81atbild PPPoE serverim (s\xc5\xabt\xc4\xabt\xc4\x81ja adrese, sava MAC adrese, kadra sa\xc5\x86\xc4\x93m\xc4\x93ja adrese - FF: FF: FF: FF: FF: FF un kadra tips - PPPoE Active Discovery Initiation). PPPoE serveris s\xc5\xabta klientam atbildi (kadra s\xc5\xabt\xc4\xabt\xc4\x81ja adresi - t\xc4\x81 MAC adresi, kadra sa\xc5\x86\xc4\x93m\xc4\x93ja adresi \xe2\x80\x93 klienta MAC adresi un kadra tipu - PPPoE Active Discovery Offer). Ja t\xc4\xabkl\xc4\x81 ir vair\xc4\x81ki PPPoE serveri, tad tie visi nos\xc5\xabta atbildi. Klients izv\xc4\x93las atbilsto\xc5\xa1o serveri un nos\xc5\xabta tam savienojuma piepras\xc4\xabjumu. Serveris nos\xc5\xabta klientam apstiprin\xc4\x81jumu ar unik\xc4\x81lu sesijas identifikatoru, visi turpm\xc4\x81kie kadri satur\xc4\x93s \xc5\xa1o sesijas ID. \xc5\xa0\xc4\x81d\xc4\x81 veid\xc4\x81 starp serveri un klientu tiek izveidots virtu\xc4\x81ls kan\xc4\x81ls, kas tiek identific\xc4\x93ts ar sesijas ID un klienta un servera MAC adresi. P\xc4\x93c tam \xc5\xa1aj\xc4\x81 kan\xc4\x81l\xc4\x81 tiek izveidots PPP savienojums un jau p\xc4\x93c tam PPP paket\xc4\x93s tiek iet\xc4\x93rpta IP datpl\xc5\xabsma.\n_START_SECTION_\nPADI\n_START_PARAGRAPH_\nPADI - PPPoE Active Discovery Initiation._NEWLINE_Ja lietot\xc4\x81js v\xc4\x93las izveidot savienojumu caur internetu izmantojot DSL, vispirms datoram ir j\xc4\x81atrod piek\xc4\xbcuves koncentrators (DSL access concentrator vai DSL-AC) pakalpojuma pieg\xc4\x81d\xc4\x81t\xc4\x81ja pus\xc4\x93. Mijiedarb\xc4\xabba caur Ethernet ir iesp\xc4\x93jama tikai caur MAC adres\xc4\x93m. Ja dators nezina DSL-AC MAC adresi, tas nos\xc5\xabta apraid\xc4\x93 PADI paketi caur Ethernet t\xc4\xabklu (MAC: ff: ff: ff: ff: ff: ff). \xc5\xa0\xc4\xab PADI pakete satur s\xc5\xabt\xc4\xabt\xc4\x81ja datora MAC adresi._NEWLINE_PADI-paketes piem\xc4\x93rs:_NEWLINE__NEWLINE_Frame 1 (44 bytes on wire, 44 bytes captured)_NEWLINE_Ethernet II, Src: 00:50:da:42:d7:df, Dst: ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff _NEWLINE_PPP-over-Ethernet Discovery_NEWLINE_ Version: 1 _NEWLINE_ Type 1_NEWLINE_ Code Active Discovery Initiation (PADI)_NEWLINE_ Session ID: 0000_NEWLINE_ Payload Length: 24_NEWLINE_PPPoE Tags_NEWLINE_ Tag: Service-Name _NEWLINE_ Tag: Host-Uniq_NEWLINE_   Binary Data: (16 bytes)_NEWLINE_Src. (= Source) ir PADI paketes s\xc5\xabt\xc4\xabt\xc4\x81ja datora MAC adrese._NEWLINE_DST. (= Galam\xc4\x93r\xc4\xb7is) ir Ethernet apraides adrese._NEWLINE_PADI-paketi var sa\xc5\x86emt vair\xc4\x81k k\xc4\x81 viens DSL-AC.\n_START_SECTION_\nPADO\n_START_PARAGRAPH_\nPADO - PPPoE Active Discovery Offer. Tikl\xc4\xabdz lietot\xc4\x81ja dators nos\xc5\xabta PADI paketi, DSL-AC rea\xc4\xa3\xc4\x93, nos\xc5\xabtot PADO paketi, izmantojot MAC adresi, kura sa\xc5\x86emta ar PADI paketi. PADO pakete satur DSL-AC MAC adresi un t\xc4\x81 nosaukumu (piem\xc4\x93ram LEIX11-erx koncentratoram T-Com DSL-AC, kas atrodas Leipcig\xc4\x81) un pakalpojuma nosaukumu. Ja uz lietot\xc4\x81ja PADI paketi atbild vair\xc4\x81k nek\xc4\x81 viens DSL-AC, lietot\xc4\x81js izv\xc4\x93las konkr\xc4\x93tu DSL-AC POP, izmantojot sa\xc5\x86emtos v\xc4\x81rdus vai pakalpojumu nosaukumus._NEWLINE_Piem\xc4\x93rs PADO paketei:_NEWLINE__NEWLINE_Frame 2 (60 bytes on wire, 60 bytes captured)_NEWLINE_Ethernet II, Src: 00:0e:40:7b:f3:8a, Dst: 00:50:da:42:d7:df _NEWLINE_PPP-over-Ethernet Discovery_NEWLINE_ Version: 1 _NEWLINE_ Type 1_NEWLINE_ Code Active Discovery Offer (PADO)_NEWLINE_ Session ID: 0000 Payload Length: 36_NEWLINE_PPPoE Tags_NEWLINE_ Tag: Service-Name _NEWLINE_ Tag: AC-Name_NEWLINE_   String Data: IpzbrOOl _NEWLINE_ Tag: Host-Uniq_NEWLINE_   Binary Data: (16 bytes)_NEWLINE_AC-Name - String Data ir AC virknes v\xc4\x81rds, \xc5\xa1aj\xc4\x81 gad\xc4\xabjum\xc4\x81 \xc2\xabIpzbr001\xc2\xbb (Arcor DSL-AC Leipcig\xc4\x81)._NEWLINE_Src. ir DSL-AC MAC adrese._NEWLINE_MAC-adresi DSL-AC ar\xc4\xab identific\xc4\x93 ra\xc5\xbeot\xc4\x81ju (\xc5\xa1aj\xc4\x81 gad\xc4\xabjum\xc4\x81, Nortel Networks).\n_START_SECTION_\nPADR\n_START_PARAGRAPH_\nPADR tiek at\xc5\xa1ifr\xc4\x93ts k\xc4\x81 PPPoE Active Discovery Reques._NEWLINE_K\xc4\x81 min\xc4\x93ts iepriek\xc5\xa1 lietot\xc4\x81ja datoram j\xc4\x81izv\xc4\x93las POP (Piek\xc4\xbcuves punktu) - tas tiek dar\xc4\xabts izmantojot PADR paketi, kas tiek nos\xc5\xabt\xc4\xabts uz izv\xc4\x93l\xc4\x93t\xc4\x81 DSL-AC MAC adresi.\n_START_SECTION_\nPADS\n_START_PARAGRAPH_\nPADS\xe2\x80\x94 PPPoE Active Discovery Session-confirmation. PADR paketi apstiprina koncentrators p\xc4\x81rs\xc5\xabtot PADR paketi, kur\xc4\x81 tiek nos\xc5\xabt\xc4\xabts ar\xc4\xab sesijas ID. savienojums ar DSL-AC \xc5\xa1im piek\xc4\xbcuves punktam tagad ir piln\xc4\xabb\xc4\x81 izveidots.\n_START_SECTION_\nPADT\n_START_PARAGRAPH_\nPADT\xe2\x80\x94 PPPoE Active Discovery Termination. \xc5\xa0\xc4\xab pakete p\xc4\x81rtrauc savienojumu ar POP. T\xc4\x81 var tikt nos\xc5\xabt\xc4\xabt gan no lietot\xc4\x81ja puses, gan no DSL-AC puses.'