Whitney Museum of American Art Early years When was the Museum created? she created in 1918 Who was museum named for? Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney, Who was she? Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney, the museum's namesake and founder, How did the museum begin? she offered to donate over 500 works of art to the Metropolitan Museum of Art, but the museum declined the gift. What did she do when she was declined? This, along with the apparent preference for European modernism at the recently opened Museum of Modern Art, led Whitney to start her own museum, What did she name the  museum? Whitney.
What art work was displayed there?
What art work was displayed at the Whitney Museum of American Art?
Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney, the museum's namesake and founder, was herself a well-regarded sculptor as well as a serious art collector. As a patron of the arts, she had already achieved some success as the creator of the "Whitney Studio Club", a New York-based exhibition space which she created in 1918 to promote the works of avant-garde and unrecognized American artists. Whitney favored the radical art of the American artists of the Ashcan School such as John Sloan, George Luks and Everett Shinn, as well as others such as Edward Hopper, Stuart Davis, Charles Demuth, Charles Sheeler, and Max Weber.  With the aid of her assistant, Juliana R. Force, Whitney had collected nearly 700 works of American art. In 1929, she offered to donate over 500 works of art to the Metropolitan Museum of Art, but the museum declined the gift. This, along with the apparent preference for European modernism at the recently opened Museum of Modern Art, led Whitney to start her own museum, exclusively for American art, in 1929.  Whitney Library archives from 1928 reveal that during this time the Studio Club utilized the gallery space of Wilhelmina Weber Furlong of the Art Students League to exhibit traveling shows featuring Modernist works. In 1931, architect Noel L. Miller converted three row houses on West 8th Street in Greenwich Village - one of which had been the location of the "Studio Club" - to be the museum's home as well as a residence for Whitney. Force became the first director of the museum, and under her guidance, the museum concentrated on displaying the works of new and contemporary American artists.  In 1954, the museum left its original location and moved to a small structure on 54th Street connected to and behind the Museum of Modern Art on 53rd Street. On April 15, 1958, a fire on the second floor of MOMA that killed one person forced the evacuation of paintings and staff on MOMA's upper floors to the Whitney. Among the paintings moved in the evacuation was A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte which had been on loan from the Art Institute of Chicago. CANNOTANSWER
the museum concentrated on displaying the works of new and contemporary American artists.
François Cogné (10 August 1876  9 April 1952) was a French sculptor. His work was part of the sculpture event in the art competition at the 1924 Summer Olympics.

He created an equestrian statue of the first French résident général in Morocco, Hubert Lyautey. It was first displayed at what in 1938 was Place Lyautey (now Muhammad V Square), though the statue is now kept within the walls of the French consulate in Casablanca.

He is credited, among other works, with the statue of Georges Clemenceau displayed on Champs Elysées.

References

1876 births
1952 deaths
20th-century French sculptors
French male sculptors
Olympic competitors in art competitions Jesse Howard (1885–1983) was an American artist known for his hand-lettered signs. A self-taught artist, Howard's first professional recognition came when Art in America magazine profiled him in 1968. Howard worked from what he called "Sorehead Hill", a 20-acre farm in Fulton, Missouri where he both produced and displayed his work.

His work is included in the collection of the Smithsonian American Art Museum, the American Folk Art Museum and the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

External links 

 Missouri Remembers Artist Portal

References

1885 births
1983 deaths
20th-century American artists
Artists from Missouri Photo Op is a 2005 photomontage of the British Prime Minister Tony Blair taking a selfie against a backdrop of burning oil. It was created by the collaborative kennardphillipps, consisting of the artists Peter Kennard and Cat Phillipps.

kennardphillipps are an art collaborative who make works of art inspired by the 2003 invasion of Iraq. kennardphillipps consists of the artists Peter Kennard and Cat Phillipps, the pair use digital collage to campaign against war and capitalism.  Photo Op was projected onto the Central Hall in Westminster during the Iraq Inquiry which was being held at the neighbouring Queen Elizabeth II Centre.

The art critic Jonathan Jones, writing in The Guardian in 2013, described Photo Op as "the definitive work of art about the war". Jones felt that "Ten years on from that war's beginning, this manic digital collage states succinctly what a large number people feel and believe about Blair's responsibility for the chaos that ensued. It says in a nutshell what protesters claimed at the time and what has become a generally accepted version of history – that Tony Blair was a monster charging into Iraq without scruples. Look, there he is, taking a selfie in front of his handiwork". Jones concluded that "Art could not stop the war in Iraq. It can influence how that war is remembered. ... The image that stands as popular history is the one of Blair taking his "maniacal selfie" in front of the flames of devastation".

The work was created with Photoshop using an image of Blair taking a selfie with Royal Navy cadets during the 2005 General Election campaign. The image of the cadets was replaced with a photograph of burning oil. kennardphillipps said of the work that it was " ... born out of two years of hard work to pull down the propaganda machine" and that they were trying to "portray Iraq as it happened and not wait until afterwards and make a history painting". The work was created with the intention that it be used by groups protesting the 31st G8 summit in July 2005 at Gleneagles Hotel in Scotland. Photo Op was subsequently displayed on placards carried by the Clandestine Insurgent Rebel Clown Army Group and was also on leaflets distributed at the DSEI in September 2005.

Photo Op was included in Banksy's Christmas Grotto installation on Oxford Street in London by the artist Banksy in November 2006, where it was prominently displayed facing the street. It was displayed at the Imperial War Museum North in the 2013 exhibition Catalyst: Contemporary Art and War. Photo Op was shown on the glass frontage of the Herbert Art Gallery and Museum during their 2013 exhibition of war art Caught in the Crossfire. The National Theatre adapted the image to advertise a performance of Bertolt Brecht's play Mother Courage and Her Children. The work is part of the collection of the National Portrait Gallery, London, the Scottish National Portrait Gallery and the Imperial War Museum. The National Portrait Gallery in London describe Photo Op as "A powerful statement of dissent, [that] has become a defining image of Britain's involvement" in the Iraq War.

The advertising company CBS Outdoor and JCDecaux refused to display the image on billboards that they owned to advertise the Imperial War Museum exhibition. CBS Outdoor said a poster featuring Photo Op was refused after consultation with the Committee of Advertising Practice. The committee advises companies on whether adverts may breach its code of conduct, with its code forbidding adverts that are likely to cause "serious or widespread offence" or misleading. kennardphillipps accused CBS Outdoor and JCDecaux of 'political censorship' in refusing to carry the advert.

The work is available to download from the artist's website free of charge and users are encouraged to create their own version of the piece.

Photo Op was extensively analysed by Alan Ingram in his 2019 book Geopolitics and the Event: Rethinking Britain's Iraq War Through Art.

References

External links
Projection of Photo Op during the Iraq Inquiry

2005 works
Anti-war works
Collections of the National Portrait Gallery, London
Iraq War in popular culture
Cultural depictions of Tony Blair
Portraits of politicians