Richard Rogers Early life and career What year was Richard Rogers was in Paris ? 1977, What year was Richard Roger was born ? in 1933
What was the name of the building Richard Roger design in Paris ?
What was the name of the building Richard Roger designed in Paris ?
Richard Rogers was born in Florence (Tuscany) in 1933 into an Anglo-Italian family. His father, William Nino Rogers (1906-1993), was the cousin of Italian architect Ernesto Nathan Rogers. His ancestors moved from Sunderland to Venice in about 1800, then settling in Trieste, Milan and Florence. In 1939 William Nino Rogers decided to come back to England. Upon moving to England, Richard Rogers went to St Johns School, Leatherhead. Rogers did not excel academically, which made him believe that he were "stupid because he could not read or memorize his school work" and as a consequence he stated that he became "very depressed". He wasn't able to read until the age of 11, and it was not until after he had his first child that he realised that he was dyslexic. After leaving St Johns School, he undertook a foundation course at Epsom School of Art (now University for the Creative Arts) before going into National Service between 1951 and 1953. He then attended the Architectural Association School of Architecture in London, where he gained the Architectural Association's Diploma (AA Dipl) from 1954 until 1959, subsequently graduating with a master's degree (M Arch) from the Yale School of Architecture in 1962 on a Fulbright Scholarship. While studying at Yale, Rogers met fellow architecture student Norman Foster and planning student Su Brumwell.  After leaving Yale he joined Skidmore, Owings & Merrill in New York. On returning to England in 1963, he, Norman Foster and Brumwell set up architectural practice as Team 4 with Wendy Cheeseman (Brumwell later married Rogers, Cheeseman married Foster). Rogers and Foster earned a reputation for what was later termed by the media high-tech architecture.  By 1967, Team 4 had split up, but Rogers continued to collaborate with Su Rogers, along with John Young and Laurie Abbott. In early 1968 he was commissioned to design a house and studio for Humphrey Spender near Maldon, Essex, a glass cube framed with I-beams. He continued to develop his ideas of prefabrication and structural simplicity to design a Wimbledon house for his parents. This was based on ideas from his conceptual Zip-Up House, such as the use of standardized components based on refrigerator panels to make energy-efficient buildings.  Rogers subsequently joined forces with Italian architect Renzo Piano, a partnership that was to prove fruitful. His career leapt forward when he, Piano and Gianfranco Franchini won the design competition for the Pompidou Centre in July 1971, alongside a team from Ove Arup that included Irish engineer Peter Rice.  This building established Rogers's trademark of exposing most of the building's services (water, heating and ventilation ducts, and stairs) on the exterior, leaving the internal spaces uncluttered and open for visitors to the centre's art exhibitions. This style, dubbed "Bowellism" by some critics, was not universally popular at the time the centre opened in 1977, but today the Pompidou Centre is a widely admired Parisian landmark. Rogers revisited this inside-out style with his design for London's Lloyd's building, completed in 1986 - another controversial design which has since become a famous and distinctive landmark in its own right. CANNOTANSWER
Pompidou Centre
Richard George Rogers, Baron Rogers of Riverside,  (23 July 1933 – 18 December 2021) was an Italian-born British architect noted for his modernist and functionalist designs in high-tech architecture. He was a senior partner at Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners, previously known as the Richard Rogers Partnership, until June 2020.

Rogers was perhaps best known for his work on the Pompidou Centre in Paris, the Lloyd's building and Millennium Dome, both in London, the Senedd building, in Cardiff, and the European Court of Human Rights building, in Strasbourg. He was awarded the RIBA Gold Medal, the Thomas Jefferson Medal, the RIBA Stirling Prize, the Minerva Medal, and the Pritzker Prize.

Early life and career

Richard Rogers was born in Florence, Tuscany, in 1933 into an Anglo-Italian family. His father, William Nino Rogers (1906–1993), was Jewish, and was the cousin of Italian Jewish architect Ernesto Nathan Rogers. His Jewish ancestors moved from Sunderland to Venice in about 1800, later settling in Trieste, Milan and Florence. In October 1938, William Nino Rogers came back to England, having fled Fascist Italy and anti-Jewish laws under Mussolini.

Upon moving to England, Richard Rogers went to St John's School, Leatherhead. Rogers did not excel academically, which made him believe that he was "stupid because he could not read or memorise his school work" and as a consequence, he said, he became "very depressed". He couldn't read until he was 11, and it was not until after he had his first child that Rogers realised he was dyslexic. After leaving St Johns School, he undertook a foundation course at Epsom School of Art (now the University for the Creative Arts) before going into National Service between 1951 and 1953.

He then attended the Architectural Association School of Architecture in London, where he gained the Architectural Association's Diploma (AA Dipl) from 1954 until 1959, subsequently graduating with a master's degree (M Arch) from the Yale School of Architecture in 1962 on a Fulbright Scholarship. While studying at Yale, Rogers met fellow architecture student Norman Foster and planning student Su Brumwell.

After leaving Yale he joined Skidmore, Owings & Merrill in New York. On returning to England in 1963, he, Norman Foster and Brumwell set up architectural practice as Team 4 with Wendy Cheesman (Brumwell later married Rogers, Cheesman married Foster). Rogers and Foster earned a reputation for what was later termed by the media high-tech architecture.

By 1967, Team 4 had split up, but Rogers continued to collaborate with Su Rogers, along with John Young and Laurie Abbott. In early 1968 he was commissioned to design a house and studio for Humphrey Spender near Maldon, Essex, a glass cube framed with I-beams. He continued to develop his ideas of prefabrication and structural simplicity to design a Wimbledon house for his parents. This was based on ideas from his conceptual Zip-Up House.

Rogers subsequently joined forces with Italian architect Renzo Piano, a partnership that was to prove fruitful. His career leapt forward when he, Piano and Gianfranco Franchini won the design competition for the Pompidou Centre in July 1971, alongside a team from Ove Arup that included Irish engineer Peter Rice.

Later career
After working with Piano, Rogers established the Richard Rogers Partnership along with Marco Goldschmied, Mike Davies, and John Young in 1977. This became Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners in 2007. The firm maintains offices in London, Shanghai, and Sydney.

Rogers devoted much of his later career to wider issues surrounding architecture, urbanism, sustainability, and the ways in which cities are used. One early illustration of his thinking was an exhibition at the Royal Academy in 1986, entitled "London As It Could Be", which also featured the work of James Stirling and Rogers' former partner Norman Foster. This exhibition made public a series of proposals for transforming a large area of central London, subsequently dismissed as impractical by the city's authorities.

In 1995, he became the first architect to deliver the BBC's annual Reith Lectures. This series of five talks, titled Sustainable City, were later adapted into the book Cities for a Small Planet (Faber and Faber: London 1997, ). The BBC made these lectures available to the public for download in July 2011.

In 1998, he set up the Urban Task Force at the invitation of the British government, to help identify causes of urban decline and establish a vision of safety, vitality, and beauty for Britain's cities. This work resulted in a white paper, Towards an Urban Renaissance, outlining recommendations for future city designers. Rogers also served for several years as chair of the Greater London Authority panel for Architecture and Urbanism. He was chair of the board of Trustees of The Architecture Foundation.

From 2001 to 2008, he was chief advisor on architecture and urbanism to the then Mayor of London Ken Livingstone. In 2008, he was asked to continue on in his role as an advisor by the then new mayor Boris Johnson. He stood down from the post in October 2009. Rogers also served as an advisor to two mayors of Barcelona on urban strategies.

Amidst this extra-curricular activity, Rogers continued to create controversial and iconic works. Perhaps the most famous of these, the Millennium Dome, was designed by the Rogers practice in conjunction with engineering firm Buro Happold and completed in 1999. It was the subject of fierce political and public debate over the cost and contents of the exhibition it contained; the building itself cost £43 million.

In May 2006, Rogers' practice was chosen as the architect of Tower 3 of the new World Trade Center in New York City, replacing the old World Trade Center which was destroyed in the September 11 attacks.

Rogers resigned his directorship of Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners on 30 June 2020. The Rogers name will be removed from the practice by 2022 as the founding constitution requires.

Selected projects

Team 4

 Creek Vean, Cornwall, UK (1963–1966)
 Reliance Controls factory, Swindon, UK (1967)
 Jaffe House (also known as Skybreak House), Humphrey Spender's house, Maldon, UK (1965–1966)
 Wates Housing, Coulsdon, Surrey, UK (1965)
Murray Mews, Camden, London, UK (1966)

Richard and Su Rogers Architects (with John Young and Laurie Abbott)
 22 Parkside (Dr. Nino and Dada Rogers' house), Wimbledon, London, UK (1967)
 Zip-Up House (1967–69)

Piano + Rogers
 Universal Oil Products, Tadworth, UK (1969–1974)
 B&B Italia headquarters, Como, Italy (1972–1973)
 Pompidou Centre, Paris, France (1971–77)
 IRCAM, Paris, France (1971–1977)
 Patscentre Research Laboratory, Melbourn, UK (1976–1983)

The Richard Rogers Partnership

Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners

Criticisms

Like Le Corbusier, the designs of some of Rogers's buildings have not proved as functionally efficient as claimed, suffering from leaks and maintenance problems. The Lloyds Buildings's much-vaunted design innovation of having the service pipes, etc outside the walls, in fact led to such costs caused by weathering and maintenance that Lloyds considered vacating the building in 2014. Lloyd's former chief executive Richard Ward stated: "There is a fundamental problem with this building. Everything is exposed to the elements, and that makes it very costly."

In 2014 Rogers faced a £5m legal claim over problems at the Oxley Woods estate designed by the firm. Residents complained of water seepage through cladding panels and windows on the prefabricated terraced housing.

Palestine controversy
In February 2006, Rogers hosted the inaugural meeting of the campaigning organisation Architects and Planners for Justice in Palestine (APJP) in his London offices. At that time his practice had secured a number of projects in New York, including the redevelopment of the Silvercup Studios site, a masterplan for the East River Waterfront and a commission for a $1.7 billion expansion of the Jacob K. Javits Convention Centre in Manhattan. Rogers however publicly dissociated himself from the group within weeks, following an outcry from generally pro-Israeli New York voters and politicians, which threatened him with the loss of prestigious commissions including projects in New York and abroad. He announced his withdrawal with the statement, "I unequivocally renounce Architects and Planners for Justice in Palestine and have withdrawn my relationship with them."

Personal life
Rogers was married to Ruth Rogers, also Jewish, chef and owner of The River Café restaurant in west London. They had two sons together, Roo and Bo (deceased 2011). Rogers also had three sons, Ben, Zad and Ab, from his first marriage to Su Brumwell. He had fourteen grandchildren and a younger brother, Peter William Rogers, a property developer and co-founder of Stanhope. In 2015, he was named one of the "50 best-dressed British men" by GQ magazine.

He died in London on 18 December 2021, at the age of 88.

Honours and awards
Rogers was knighted in 1991 by Queen Elizabeth II. He was created Baron Rogers of Riverside, of Chelsea in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea on 17 October 1996. He sat as a Labour peer in the House of Lords; having not attended a proceeding in the 2019–21 session, his membership expired on 11 May 2021. Rogers was appointed a Member of the Order of the Companions of Honour (CH) in the 2008 Birthday Honours list.

Rogers was awarded the RIBA Royal Gold Medal in 1985. He was twice honoured by France, first as a Chevalier, L'Ordre National de la Légion d'honneur in 1986, and later as an Officier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres in 1995. He received a Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement at the 10th Mostra di Architettura di Venezia. In 2006, the Richard Rogers Partnership was awarded the Stirling Prize for Terminal 4 of Barajas Airport, and again in 2009 for Maggie's Centre in London. Rogers won the Gold Medal for Architecture at the National Eisteddfod of Wales of 2006 for his work on the Senedd building of the Senedd (Welsh Parliament). He was also appointed an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering in 2005. In 2007 Rogers was made Laureate of the Pritzker Architecture Prize – architecture's highest honour. He was awarded the Minerva Medal by the Chartered Society of Designers in the same year. In 2012, Rogers was among the British cultural icons selected by artist Sir Peter Blake to appear in a new version of his most famous artwork – the Beatles' Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band album cover – to celebrate the British cultural figures of the last six decades.

Rogers was awarded honorary degrees from several universities, including Alfonso X El Sabio University in Madrid, Oxford Brookes University, the University of Kent, the Czech Technical University in Prague and the Open University. In 1994, he was awarded an Honorary Degree (Doctor of Science) by the University of Bath.

In popular culture
Rogers is mentioned (along with fellow architect Philip Johnson) in the song "Thru These Architect's Eyes" on the album Outside (1995) by David Bowie.

Rogers is mentioned in the song "Anti-Everything" by British band Mansun, from the album Six (1998).

Publications
Rogers wrote several books during his career, including: 
 Architecture: A Modern View, Thames & Hudson (1991) 
 A New London (co-author Mark Fisher and the Labour Party), Penguin (1992) 
 Cities for a Small Planet, Faber and Faber (1997) 
 Towards an Urban Renaissance, Urban Task Force (1999) 
 Cities for a Small Country, Faber and Faber (2000) 
 Richard Rogers and Architects: From the House to the City, Fiell Publishing (2010)  
 Architecture: A Modern View, Thames & Hudson (2013)

References

External links

 
 Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners website
 Large list of major Richard Rogers skyscrapers with data and images
 Rogers, Stirk, Harbour and Partners projects portfolio
 Pritzker Prize 2007 
 Richard Rogers presents the 2007 Annual Discourse at the Royal Institute of British Architects (video)
 The 1995 BBC Reith Lectures: Sustainable City by Richard Rogers
 Profile on Royal Academy of Arts Collections

 
Richard Rogers buildings
1933 births
2021 deaths
20th-century English architects
English people of Italian descent
Fellows of the Royal Institute of British Architects
Italian emigrants to the United Kingdom
Italian people of English descent
Knights Bachelor
Rogers of Riverside
Members of the Académie d'architecture
Members of the Order of the Companions of Honour
Modernist architects from England
People educated at Kingswood House School
People educated at St John's School, Leatherhead
Pritzker Architecture Prize winners
Recipients of the AIA Gold Medal
Recipients of the Praemium Imperiale
Recipients of the Royal Gold Medal
Rogers family
Royal Academicians
Stirling Prize laureates
Welsh Eisteddfod Gold Medal winners
Yale School of Architecture alumni
Honorary Fellows of the American Institute of Architects
Les Hôtels Baverez is a French luxury hotel group that was created in 1900.

History 
Managed by the same family since 1900, Les Hôtels Baverez is a hotel group that manages three 5-star establishments in Paris. Constant Baverez was the associate of Léonard Tauber, founder of the Regina (1900), Majestic (1908), and Raphael (1925).

His son Paul Baverez followed in his footsteps, and so did his daughter Françoise Baverez. She is currently the chair of the board of directors of the group. Her daughter, Véronique Valcke, is the executive director of all three hotels since 2010.

Hôtel Regina 

Inaugurated in 1900 for the World's Fair in Paris, Hôtel Regina is situated on the Place des Pyramides, which takes its name from Napoleon’s victory in Egypt in 1798. The hotel is in a building dating back to the Second Empire. Léonard Tauber and his associate Constant Baverez built it between 1898 and 1900. The Regina was named after Queen Victoria, symbolising the Entente Cordiale between the French and the British.

The first phase of renovation to the hotel was completed in summer 2014. The renovations of the second wing, which started in October 2014, were inaugurated on 29 September 2015. The cost estimate for the renovations is 17 million euros. In November 2014, Mr Piazzi was appointed as the new director, and in August 2015, the hotel received its fifth star from the Atout France agency.

Majestic Hôtel-Spa 

The Majestic Hôtel-Spa is located at 30 rue La Pérouse in the 16th arrondissement of Paris. The original Hôtel Majestic was built by Léonard Tauber and opened in 1908 as the second hotel of what is now the Baverez group. It was located on the other side of rue La Pérouse in the building that is now known as The Peninsula Paris hotel. That building was purchased by the French government in 1936 to serve as offices for the Ministry of War.

The building at 30 rue La Pérouse was inaugurated in February 2010 under the name of Hôtel Majestic Villa. The name was subsequently changed to Majestic Hôtel-Spa.

Hôtel Raphael 

Hôtel Raphael is a 5-star hotel in the 16th arrondissement of Paris. It was built in 1925 by Léonard Tauber and Constant Baverez, based on the plans of architect André Rousselot. The hotel has Art Deco style decorations and was named after the painter Raphael. Hollywood actors such as Ava Gardner, Katharine Hepburn, Charles Bronson, Yul Brynner, Henry Fonda, Clark Gable, Grace Kelly, Burt Lancaster, Steve McQueen, Roger Moore, Kirk Douglas, Gary Cooper and Marlon Brando were regular guests. During the German occupation of Paris the hotel was the principle billet for senior officers of the SS, Gestapo and Wehrmacht. The famed German author Ernst Junger was resident at the Raphael and wrote many of the entries for his war journals within its confines.

References

External links 
 

Hotels in Paris The Hôtel des Monnaies is an 18th-century building located at 11 Quai de Conti in the 6th arrondissement of Paris, which has housed the Monnaie de Paris (the Paris Mint) since its construction. It is considered a prime example of pre-Revolutionary French Neoclassical architecture.

The building is the masterwork of the architect Jacques Denis Antoine (1733–1801), who in 1765 bested Étienne-Louis Boullée and François Dominique Barreau de Chefdeville in a competition to design it. Though it was his first major civic project his design later won 
him admission to the Académie royale d'architecture.

Demolition of the Hôtel de Conti, which had occupied the site since 1580, was begun in 1768. The first stone was laid by Abbé Joseph Marie Terray on 30 April 1771. The riverside façade was completed in 1773, and the whole exterior and most of the interior by 1775.  

The building is typified by its heavy external rustication and severe decorative treatment.  It boasts one of the longest façades on the Seine; its appearance has been likened to the Italian palazzo tradition.  The building, which housed mint workshops, administrative rooms, and residential quarters, wraps around a large interior courtyard.  It remains open to the public and includes a numismatics museum, located within what was once the main foundry.

External links

Neoclassical architecture in Paris
Buildings and structures in the 6th arrondissement of Paris