Kate O'Mara Early life and career Where was O'Mara born? I don't know. What was her family like? flying instructor, and actress Hazel Bainbridge (born Edith Marion Bainbridge; 25 January 1910 - 7 January 1998). Her younger sister is actress Belinda Carroll. Did she have other siblings? I don't know. Where did she go to school? After boarding school she attended art school before becoming a full-time actress. What was her first acting role? her stage debut in a production of The Merchant of Venice in 1963, although her first film role was some years earlier What was her first film role? Home and Away (1956) with Jack Warner,
What was the outcome of Home and Away?
What was the outcome of Home and Away (1956) for Kate O'Mara?
O'Mara was born Frances Meredith Carroll to John F. Carroll, an RAF flying instructor, and actress Hazel Bainbridge (born Edith Marion Bainbridge; 25 January 1910 - 7 January 1998). Her younger sister is actress Belinda Carroll. After boarding school she attended art school before becoming a full-time actress. O'Mara made her stage debut in a production of The Merchant of Venice in 1963, although her first film role was some years earlier (under the name Merrie Carroll) in Home and Away (1956) with Jack Warner, as her father, and Kathleen Harrison.  Her earliest television appearances, in the 1960s, included guest roles in Danger Man, Adam Adamant Lives!, The Saint, Z-Cars and The Avengers. In 1970, she appeared in two Hammer Studio horror films: The Vampire Lovers and The Horror of Frankenstein. In the former, she had an erotically charged scene with Ingrid Pitt, in which O'Mara was meant to be seduced; the two women were left laughing on set, however, as Pitt's fangs kept falling into O'Mara's cleavage. O'Mara's work in The Vampire Lovers impressed Hammer enough for them to offer her a contract, which she turned down, fearful of being typecast.  She had a regular role in the BBC drama series The Brothers (1975-76) as Jane Maxwell, and in the early 1980s, O'Mara starred in the BBC soap opera Triangle (1981-82), sometimes counted among the worst television series ever made. She played the villainous Rani in Doctor Who. The character, as played by O'Mara, appeared in two serials, The Mark of the Rani (1985) and Time and the Rani (1987) and the Doctor Who 30th Anniversary Special Dimensions in Time (1993), part of the Children in Need charity event.  Between these appearances in Doctor Who, she played Caress Morell in the American primetime soap opera Dynasty. As the sister of Alexis Colby (Joan Collins), O'Mara appeared in 17 episodes of the sixth season and 4 episodes of the seventh during 1986. "We had a tremendous bitchy tension between us", the actress recalled about performing opposite Collins. "My character Caress was like an annoying little mosquito who just kept coming back and biting her." O'Mara disliked living in California, preferring the change of seasons in Britain, and to her relief was released from her five-year contract after Collins told the producers that having two brunettes in the series was a bad idea. After returning to the UK, she was cast as another scheming villain, Laura Wilde, in the BBC soap Howards' Way (1989-90). CANNOTANSWER
Jack Warner, as her father, and Kathleen Harrison.
Kate O'Mara (born Francesca Meredith Carroll; 10 August 1939 – 30 March 2014) was an English film, stage and television actress, and writer. O'Mara made her stage debut in a 1963 production of The Merchant of Venice. Her other stage roles included Elvira in Blithe Spirit (1974), Lady Macbeth in Macbeth (1982), Cleopatra in Antony & Cleopatra (1982), Goneril in King Lear (1987) and Marlene Dietrich in Lunch with Marlene (2008).

In the cinema, O'Mara acted in two 1970 Hammer Horror films: The Vampire Lovers and The Horror of Frankenstein. On BBC television, she had regular roles in The Brothers (1975–1976), Triangle (1981–1982) and Howards' Way (1989–1990), and portrayed Doctor Who villain the Rani three times (1985–1993). She also appeared as Jackie Stone in two episodes of the sitcom Absolutely Fabulous (1995–2003). On American television, she played Caress Morell, the scheming sister of Alexis Colby in the primetime soap opera Dynasty (1986).

Early life and career
O'Mara was born to John F. Carroll, an RAF flying instructor, and actress Hazel Bainbridge (born Edith Marion Bainbridge; 25 January 1910 – 7 January 1998). Her younger sister is actress Belinda Carroll. After boarding school she attended art school before becoming a full-time actress. O'Mara made her stage debut in a production of The Merchant of Venice in 1963, although her first film role was some years earlier (under the name Merrie Carroll) in Home and Away (1956) with Jack Warner, as her father, and Kathleen Harrison.

Her earliest television appearances,  in the 1960s, included guest roles in Danger Man, Adam Adamant Lives!, The Saint, Z-Cars and The Avengers. In 1970, she appeared in two Hammer Studio horror films: The Vampire Lovers and The Horror of Frankenstein. In the former, she had an erotically charged scene with Ingrid Pitt, in which O'Mara was meant to be seduced; the two women were left laughing on set, however, as Pitt's fangs kept falling into O'Mara's cleavage.  O'Mara's work in The Vampire Lovers impressed Hammer enough for them to offer her a contract, which she turned down, fearful of being typecast.

Her first major TV role was as Julia Main, wife of the main protagonist in the ITV series The Main Chance (1969). She had a regular role in the BBC drama series The Brothers (1975–1976) as Jane Maxwell, and in the early 1980s, O'Mara starred in the BBC soap opera Triangle (1981–1982), sometimes counted among the worst television series ever made. She played the villainous Rani in Doctor Who in two serials, The Mark of the Rani (1985) and Time and the Rani (1987), and also in the Doctor Who 30th anniversary spoof Dimensions in Time (1993), part of the Children in Need charity event.

Between these appearances in Doctor Who, she auditioned for the role of Sable Colby on the American primetime soap The Colbys, a spin-off of the American prime time soap opera Dynasty. Eventually, O'Mara declined the role since she was under contract with London stage play Light Up the Sky at the Old Vic Theater, and the role went to Stephanie Beacham. Shortly after, she was offered to play Caress Morell on Dynasty. As the sister of Alexis Colby (Joan Collins), O'Mara appeared in 17 episodes of the sixth season and 4 episodes of the seventh during 1986. "We had a tremendous bitchy tension between us", the actress recalled about performing opposite Collins. “My character Caress was like an annoying little mosquito who just kept coming back and biting her.” O'Mara disliked living in California, preferring the change of seasons in Britain, and to her relief was released from her five-year contract after Collins told the producers that having two brunettes in the series was a bad idea. After returning to the UK, she was cast as another scheming villain, Laura Wilde, in the BBC soap Howards' Way (1989–1990).

Later life and career

O'Mara spoke on several occasions about her experience with the casting couch. On an episode of The Word in 1994, O'Mara claimed that American producer Judd Bernard pulled down her panties during a hotel-room audition for the Elvis Presley vehicle Double Trouble. In her autobiography Vamp Until Ready: A Life Laid Bare, O'Mara described this incident and "many other close encounters with... this very unpleasant and humiliating procedure", including with a well-known television casting director, the boss of Associated Television at ATV Elstree Studios, and the director of Great Catherine.

O'Mara continued to make television appearances throughout the 1990s, including Cluedo (1990), and playing Jackie Stone (Patsy's older sister) in two episodes of Absolutely Fabulous (1995–2003). In 2001, she had a recurring role in the ITV prison drama series Bad Girls before appearing in the short-lived revival of the soap opera Crossroads. She continued to perform on stage and in March 2008 she played Marlene Dietrich in a stage play entitled Lunch with Marlene. From August to November 2008, she played Mrs Cheveley in Oscar Wilde's stage play An Ideal Husband directed by Peter Hall and produced by Bill Kenwright. She performed in radio and audio plays. In 2000 she reprised her role as the Rani in the BBV audio play The Rani Reaps the Whirlwind, and in 2006 she made a guest appearance in the radio comedy series Nebulous.

In 2012, O'Mara appeared in a theater adaptation of Agatha Christie's Death on the Nile.

Personal life
O'Mara was married twice, first to Jeremy Young in 1971; the couple divorced in 1976. In 1993, she married Richard Willis, but the marriage was dissolved in 1996. She had two sons, Dickon Young (1964–2012) and Christopher Linde (born 1965), both from previous relationships, although Dickon took his stepfather's surname. She gave up Linde for adoption and he was named by his adoptive parents, Derek and Joy Linde.

Christopher, from whom the actress was long estranged, was born from her relationship with actor David Orchard.

Dickon, whose biological father was reportedly actor Ian Cullen, was a stage manager for the Royal Shakespeare Company before setting up his own company building tree-houses in the mid-1990s. He was found hanged, a presumed suicide, at the family home in Long Marston, Warwickshire on 31 December 2012, after previous suicide attempts. O'Mara was hospitalised with pneumonia at the time of her son's death and his body was not discovered for three weeks.

O'Mara wrote four books, two novels (When She Was Bad () and Good Time Girl ()), and two autobiographical books, Vamp Until Ready () and Game Plan: A Woman's Survival Kit ().

Speaking about her bouts of depression, later in her life, O'Mara said: "... I've since learnt a cure for depression: listening to J.S. Bach and reading P.G. Wodehouse. This got me through the break-up of my second marriage 17 years ago. The great thing about Wodehouse is that his books are full of romantic problems and yet so hilarious that it puts things in perspective ... I'm not frightened of dying, but I love the countryside so much and I'm going to miss it. I'd like to be out in the wind and the trees for ever."

Death
O'Mara died on 30 March 2014 in a Sussex nursing home, aged 74, from ovarian cancer. She left a £350,000 estate, bequeathing £10,000 to the Actors’ Benevolent Fund and, after the funeral and legal fees, the remainder to her younger sister Belinda Carroll, a former actress.

Filmography

Film

Television

Select stage roles
 1963, Jessica, The Merchant of Venice at the Shaftesbury Theatre.
 1966, Lydia Languish, The Rivals at The Welsh Theatre Co.
 1967, Elsa, The Italian Girl at the Wyndham's Theatre
 1970, Fleda Vetch, The Spoils of Poynton at the Mayfair Theatre
 1971, Gerda Von Metz, The Avengers (directed by Leslie Phillips) at the Prince of Wales Theatre
 1971–2, Sheila Wallis, Suddenly at Home at the Fortune Theatre
 1974, Elvira, Blithe Spirit at the Bristol Old Vic
 1974, Liza Moriarty, Sherlock's Last Case at the Open Space Theatre Fortune Theatre
 1977, Sybil Merton, Lord Arthur Saville's Crime at the Sadlers Wells Theatre
 1977, Louka, Arms and the Man at the Hong Kong Festival
 1978, Rosaline, Loves Labour's Lost at the Thorndike Theatre
 1978, Katherina, The Taming of the Shrew at the Ludlow Festival
 1978, Cyrenne, Rattle of a Simple Man
 1979, Monica Claverton- Ferry, The Elder Statesman
 1979, Lina, Misalliance at The Birmingham Rep
 1979, Irene St Clair, The Crucifer of Blood at the Haymarket Theatre
 1980, Ruth, Night and Day, at post-London tour
 1981, Stephanie Abrahams, Duet for One Yugoslavia and tour
 1981, Beatrice, Much Ado About Nothing at the New Shakespeare Co
 1982, Kathrina, The Taming of the Shrew at the Nottingham Playhouse\New Shakespeare Co
 1982, Titania\Hippolta, A Midsummer Night's Dream at the New Shakespeare Co
 1982, Lady Macbeth, Macbeth at the Mercury Theatre
 1982, Cleopatra, Antony and Cleopatra at the Nottingham Playhouse
 1982, Millamant, The Way of the World at the Nottingham Playhouse
 1983, Hortense, The Rehearsal
 1984, Mistress Ford, The Merry Wives of Windsor at the New Shakespeare Co
 1985 – 1987, Frances Black, Light Up the Sky at the Old Vic & Globe Theatres
 1987, Goneril, King Lear at the Compass Theatre
 1988, Berinthia, The Relapse at the Mermaid Theatre
 1990, Torfreida, The Last Englishman at The Orange Tree Theatre
 1990, Martha, Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf at the Yvonne Arnaud Theatre
 1991, Lilli Vanessi, Kiss Me Kate, RSC tour
 1992, Lady Fanciful, The Provok'd Wife at the National Theatre Studio
 1992, Rosabel, Venus Observed at the Chichester Festival
 1992, Eve, Cain at the Chichester Festival
 1992, Jackie, King Lear in New York at the Chichester Festival
 1994, Maria Wislack, On Approval
 1995, Pola, The Simpleton of the Unexpected Isles at The Orange Tree Theatre
 1995, Rachel, My Cousin Rachel, English Theatre, Vienna and tour 1995
 1996, Olivia, Twelfth Night at the Haymarket Theatre, Basingstoke
 1996–7, Mrs Cheveley, An Ideal Husband at the Haymarket, Albury and Gielgud theatres
 2000, Mrs. Malaprop\Lucy, The Rivals
 2000, Madame Alexandre, Colombe at the Salisbury Playhouse
 2003, Gertrude Lawrence, Noel and Gertie
 2004, Mrs Arbuthnot, A Woman of No Importance
 2005, Eloise, The Marquise at the Mercury Theatre
 2005, Helen, We Happy Few at the Gielgud Theatre
 2008, Marlene Dietrich, Lunch with Marlene at The New End Theatre
 2010, Lady Windermere, Lord Arthur Saville's Crime at the Mercury Theatre

See also
English actresses
Cinema of the United Kingdom
Television in the United Kingdom

References

Bibliography

External links
 

1939 births
2014 deaths
Actresses from Leicestershire
Alumni of the Aida Foster Theatre School
Deaths from cancer in England
Deaths from ovarian cancer
English film actresses
English memoirists
English soap opera actresses
English stage actresses
English television actresses
People from Leicester
British women memoirists
English women novelists
20th-century English actresses
20th-century English novelists
20th-century English women writers
21st-century English actresses
English women non-fiction writers
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| champions           =  Leinster A
| count               = 1
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| website             = 
| previous year       = 2011–12
| previous tournament = 2011–12 British and Irish Cup
| next year           = 2013–14
| next tournament     = 2013–14 British and Irish Cup
}}

The 2012–13 British and Irish Cup was the fourth season of the annual rugby union competition for second tier, semi-professional clubs from Britain and Ireland. The final was contest on 17 May 2013 and won by Leinster A with a 78th minute penalty by Noel Reid to beat Newcastle Falcons 18–17 at their home ground Kingston Park. The defending champions Munster A were eliminated in the semi–finals by the eventual winners and Bedford Blues was the other losing semi–finalists.

There has been four different winners and four different losing finalist of the competition. The format of the competition has been considerably revamped, with expansion to 32 teams playing each other home and away in the pool stages.  Previously, 24 teams played home or away in the pool stages. First round matches began on the weekend of 13/14 October 2012 and the final was held on 17 May 2013.

Teams
The allocation of teams was as follows:

 – 12 clubs from RFU Championship
 – 4 Irish provinces represented by 'A' teams
 – 4 top clubs from the Scottish Premiership
 – 12 clubs from the Welsh Premier Division

Competition format 
The pool stage saw a considerable change in format and consisted of eight pools of four teams playing home and away matches.  Pool matches took place on the same weekends as the Heineken and Amlin Cups. The top team from each pool qualified for the quarter-finals.

Pool stages 
The fixture weekends have been announced.

Round 6 matches were badly affected by adverse weather.  Pitches were frozen or snow-covered, or teams were unable to travel.

Pool 1 

 This match was postponed from 20 January 2013 as the pitch was deemed frozen and the surrounding areas unsafe for supporters.

 Match postponed from 19 January 2013 as Ulster were unable to fly due to the bad weather.  Despite this match being a dead rubber (the outcome of this game will have no bearing on qualification for the knockout stages nor on the ranking of the qualifiers), the match was rearranged as Bridgend would lose revenue otherwise.

Pool 2 

 This match was originally scheduled to be played on 19 January 2013.  Due to bad weather, the Bedwas team was unable to travel to Bedford.

Pool 3

Pool 4 

 This match was postponed as the Newport team were unable to fly out of Bristol on 18 January due to snow  

 This match was originally scheduled to be played on 19 January 2013 but was postponed due to heavy snow. The match was a dead rubber and the outcome had no bearing on qualification for the knockout stages nor on the ranking of the qualifiers.

Pool 5 

 This fixture was moved to South Leeds Stadium as the RFU Championship game against Plymouth (on 6 January 2013) went to uncontested scrums within 16 minutes on the new pitch at Headingley. Subsequently, the match was moved to West Park Leeds RUFC as the pitch at South Leeds Stadium was uncovered and frozen. Finally, the game went ahead on the 3G pitch.

 This match, originally scheduled for 19 January, was postponed due to the ground being under a seven to nine inch layer of snow and unplayable.  Despite this match being a dead rubber (the outcome of this game will have no bearing on qualification for the knockout stages nor on the ranking of the qualifiers), the match was rearranged.

Pool 6

Pool 7 

 This match was postponed from 19 January 2013 due to a frozen pitch.  Although this match is a dead rubber (the outcome of this game will have no bearing on qualification for the knockout stages nor on the ranking of the qualifiers), a new date was arranged.

Pool 8 

 This match was postponed from 19 January after a pitch inspection deemed it unfit.

Knock–out stages

Qualifiers
The eight pool winners proceed to the knock out stages.  The quarter-final matches were:
Seed 1 v Seed 8
Seed 2 v Seed 7
Seed 3 v Seed 6
Seed 4 v Seed 5
Teams are ranked by
1. Competition Points (4 for a win, 2 for a draw, etc)
2. where Competition Points are equal, greatest number of wins
3. where these are equal, aggregate points difference
4. where these are equal, greatest number of points scored
There are further criteria that can be applied if necessary.

Quarter-finals

Semi-finals

Final

Top scorers

Top points scorers

Top try scorers

Geography

Notes

Notes

References

External links 
  Unofficial British and Irish Cup website - latest news, teams etc

British and Irish Cup
2012–13 rugby union tournaments for clubs
2012–13 RFU Championship
2012–13 in Irish rugby union
2012–13 in Welsh rugby union
2012–13 in Scottish rugby union
2012–13 in British rugby union The outcome bias is an error made in evaluating the quality of a decision when the outcome of that decision is already known. Specifically, the outcome effect occurs when the same "behavior produce[s] more ethical condemnation when it happen[s] to produce bad rather than good outcome, even if the outcome is determined by chance."

While similar to the hindsight bias, the two phenomena are markedly different. Hindsight bias focuses on memory distortion to favor the actor, while the outcome bias focuses exclusively on weighting the past outcome heavier than other pieces of information in deciding if a past decision was correct.

Overview
One will often judge a past decision by its ultimate outcome instead of based on the quality of the decision at the time it was made, given what was known at that time. This is an error because no decision-maker ever knows whether or not a calculated risk will turn out for the best. The actual outcome of the decision will often be determined by chance, with some risks working out and others not. Individuals whose judgments are influenced by outcome bias are seemingly holding decision-makers responsible for events beyond their control.

Baron and Hershey (1988) presented subjects with hypothetical situations in order to test this.
One such example involved a surgeon deciding whether or not to do a risky surgery on a patient. The surgery had a known probability of success. Subjects were presented with either a good or bad outcome (in this case living or dying), and asked to rate the quality of the surgeon's pre-operation decision. Those presented with bad outcomes rated the decision worse than those who had good outcomes. "The ends justify the means" is an often used aphorism to express the Outcome effect when the outcome is desirable.

The reason why an individual makes this mistake is that he or she will incorporate currently available information when evaluating a past decision. To avoid the influence of outcome bias, one should evaluate a decision by ignoring information collected after the fact and focusing on what the right answer is, or was at the time the decision was made.

Outside of psychological experiments, the outcome bias has been found to be substantially present in real world situations. A study looking at the evaluation of football players' performance by coaches and journalists found that players' performance is judged to be substantially better—over a whole match—if the player had a lucky goal rather than an unlucky miss (after a player's shot hit one of the goal posts).

See also
 Deontology vs. teleology and consequentialism (ethical theories)
 Group attribution error
 Historian's fallacy
 List of cognitive biases

References

Cognitive biases