ZZ Top Early years (1969-1972) what happened in 1969 They released their first single, "Salt Lick", in 1969, who started zz top I don't know. who were the members The original line-up was formed in Houston and consisted of Gibbons, organist Lanier Greig (died February 2013) and drummer Dan Mitchell. who was a leader In addition to assuming the role as the band's leader, Gibbons became the main lyricist and musical arranger.
name one of their songs
name one of ZZ Top's songs
The original line-up was formed in Houston and consisted of Gibbons, organist Lanier Greig (died February 2013) and drummer Dan Mitchell.  The name of the band was Gibbons' idea. The band had a little apartment covered with concert posters and he noticed that many performers' names utilized initials. Gibbons particularly noticed B.B. King and Z.Z. Hill and thought of combining the two into "ZZ King", but considered it too similar to the original name. He then figured that "king is going at the top" which brought him to "ZZ Top".  ZZ Top was managed by Bill Ham, a Waxahachie, Texas native who had befriended Gibbons a year earlier. They released their first single, "Salt Lick", in 1969, and the B-side contained the song "Miller's Farm". Both songs were credited to Gibbons. Immediately after the recording of "Salt Lick", Greig was replaced by bassist Billy Ethridge, a band-mate of Stevie Ray Vaughan, and Mitchell was replaced by Frank Beard of the American Blues. Due to lack of interest from U.S. record companies, ZZ Top accepted a record deal from London Records. Unwilling to sign a recording contract, Ethridge quit the band and Dusty Hill was selected as his replacement. After Hill moved from Dallas to Houston, ZZ Top signed with London in 1970. They performed their first concert together at the Knights of Columbus Hall in Beaumont on February 10.  In addition to assuming the role as the band's leader, Gibbons became the main lyricist and musical arranger. With the assistance of Ham and engineer Robin Hood Brians, ZZ Top's First Album (1971) was released and exhibited the band's humour, with "barrelhouse" rhythms, distorted guitars, double entendres, and innuendo. The music and songs reflected ZZ Top's blues influences. Following their debut album, the band released Rio Grande Mud (1972), which failed commercially and the promotional tour consisted of mostly empty auditoriums. CANNOTANSWER
Salt Lick
ZZ Top is an American rock band formed in 1969 in Houston, Texas. For 51 years, the band comprised vocalist-guitarist Billy Gibbons, drummer Frank Beard and vocalist-bassist Dusty Hill, until Hill's death in 2021. ZZ Top developed a signature sound based on Gibbons' blues guitar style and Hill and Beard's rhythm section. They are popular for their live performances, sly and humorous lyrics, and the similar appearances of Gibbons and Hill, who were rarely seen without their long beards, sunglasses, and hats.

ZZ Top formed after the demise of Moving Sidewalks, Gibbons' previous band. Within a year, the members signed with London Records and released ZZ Top's First Album (1971). Subsequent releases, such as Tres Hombres (1973) and Fandango! (1975), and those albums' singles, "La Grange" and "Tush", gained extensive radio airplay. By the mid-1970s the band became renowned in North America for its live act, highlighted by its performances during the Worldwide Texas Tour from 1976 to 1977, which was a critical and commercial success.

After a hiatus, ZZ Top returned in 1979 with a new musical direction and image, with Gibbons and Hill wearing sunglasses and matching chest-length beards. With the album El Loco (1981), the group began to experiment with synthesizers and drum machines. They established a more mainstream sound and gained international favor with Eliminator (1983) and Afterburner (1985), which integrated influences from new wave, punk, and dance-rock. The popularity of these albums' music videos, including those for "Gimme All Your Lovin'", "Sharp Dressed Man", and "Legs", helped propel them onto the television channel MTV and made the band one of the more prominent artists in 1980s pop culture. The Afterburner Tour set records for the highest-attended and highest-grossing concert tour of 1986. After gaining additional acclaim with the release of their tenth album Recycler (1990) and its accompanying tour, the group's experimentation continued with mixed success on the albums Antenna (1994), Rhythmeen (1996), XXX (1999), and Mescalero (2003). They most recently released La Futura (2012) and Goin' 50 (2019), a compilation album commemorating the band's 50th anniversary. By the time of Hill's death in 2021, ZZ Top had become the longest-running band with an unchanged lineup in the history of popular music. Per Hill's wishes, he was replaced by their longtime guitar tech Elwood Francis on bass.

ZZ Top has released 15 studio albums and sold an estimated 50 million albums worldwide. They have won three MTV Video Music Awards, and in 2004, the members were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. In 2015, Rolling Stone ranked Gibbons the 32nd greatest guitarist of all time. The band members have supported campaigns and charities including Childline, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, and a fundraiser for the Delta Blues Museum.

History

Early years (1969–1972)
The original line-up was formed in Houston and consisted of Gibbons, bassist/organist Lanier Greig, and drummer Dan Mitchell. The name of the band was Gibbons' idea. The band had a small apartment covered with concert posters and he noticed that many performers' names used initials. Gibbons particularly noticed B.B. King and Z. Z. Hill and thought of combining the two into "ZZ King", but considered it too similar to the original name. He then figured that "king is going at the top" which brought him to "ZZ Top".

ZZ Top was managed by Bill Ham, a Waxahachie, Texas, native who had befriended Gibbons a year earlier. They released their first single, "Salt Lick", in 1969, and the B-side contained the song "Miller's Farm". Both songs credited Gibbons as the composer. Immediately after the recording of "Salt Lick", Greig was replaced by bassist Billy Etheridge, a bandmate of Stevie Ray Vaughan, and Mitchell was replaced by Frank Beard of American Blues. Due to lack of interest from the major American record companies, ZZ Top accepted a record deal from London Records, the American affiliate of the British Decca Records label. Unwilling to sign a recording contract, Etheridge quit the band and Dusty Hill, Frank Beard's American Blues bandmate, became his replacement. After Hill moved from Dallas to Houston, ZZ Top signed with London in 1970. They performed their first concert together at the Knights of Columbus Hall in Beaumont, Texas, on February 10, 1970.

In addition to assuming the role as the band's leader, Gibbons became the main lyricist and musical arranger. With the assistance of Ham and engineer Robin Hood Brians, ZZ Top's First Album (1971) was released and exhibited the band's humor, with "barrelhouse" rhythms, distorted guitars, double entendres, and innuendo. The music and songs reflected ZZ Top's blues influences. Following their debut album, the band released Rio Grande Mud (1972), which produced their first charting single, "Francine".

First decade and signature sound (1973–1982)

ZZ Top released Tres Hombres in 1973, which reached the No. 8 position on the Billboard 200 albums chart by early 1974. The album's sound was the result of the propulsive support provided by Hill and Beard, and Gibbons' "growling" guitar tone. Stephen Thomas Erlewine wrote that the album "brought ZZ Top their first Top Ten record, making them stars in the process". The album included the boogie-driven "La Grange" (written about the Chicken Ranch, a notorious brothel in La Grange, Texas, that also inspired the musical The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas). On the subsequent tour, the band performed sold-out concerts in the US. ZZ Top recorded the live tracks for one side of their 1975 album, Fandango!, during this tour. Fandango!, which also contained one side of new studio songs, was a top-ten album; its single "Tush" peaked at number 20 on the Billboard Hot 100.

Tejas, released in 1976, was the final ZZ Top album under their contract with London Records. It was not as successful or as positively received as their previous efforts, but reached number 17 on the Billboard 200. ZZ Top continued the Worldwide Texas Tour in support of Tejas through most of 1977.

In 1976, after almost seven years of touring and a string of successful albums, ZZ Top went on hiatus for three years while Beard dealt with drug addiction. Gibbons traveled to Europe, Beard went to Jamaica, and Hill went to Mexico. Hill also spent the period working at Dallas Airport, saying he wanted to "feel normal" and "ground himself" after years spent performing. In 1979, when the group returned with the album Degüello, Gibbons and Hill wore chest-length beards and sunglasses. Their hit singles from this period, "Cheap Sunglasses" and "Pearl Necklace", showed a more modern sound.

In 1979, ZZ Top signed with Warner Bros. Records and released the album Degüello. While the album went platinum, it only reached number 24 on the Billboard chart. The album produced two popular singles: "I Thank You", a cover of the David Porter/Isaac Hayes composition originally recorded by Sam & Dave, and the band original "Cheap Sunglasses". The band remained a popular concert attraction and toured in support of Degüello. In April 1980, ZZ Top made their first appearances in Europe, performing for the German music television show Rockpalast, later released as Disk 1 of the 2009 DVD Double Down Live: 1980 & 2008 and the BBC show The Old Grey Whistle Test. The band shared the BBC's studio with English electronic group Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark (OMD), whom Gibbons felt "were great". Inspired by OMD, ZZ Top introduced a jerky dancing style to their live show and began to experiment with synthesizers, which featured prominently on the October 1981 album El Loco. The album peaked at number 17 on the Billboard chart, and featured the singles "Tube Snake Boogie", "Pearl Necklace", and "Leila".

Eliminator, Afterburner, and Recycler (1983–1991)

Gibbons pushed the band into a more modern direction for Eliminator, released in March 1983. The album featured two Top-40 singles ("Gimme All Your Lovin'" and "Legs"), and two additional Top Rock hits ("Got Me Under Pressure" and "Sharp Dressed Man"), with the extended dance mix of "Legs" peaking at number 13 on the Club Play Singles chart. The album became a critical and commercial success, selling more than 10 million copies while peaking at No. 9 in the U.S. Billboard pop charts. 

Several music videos from the album were in regular rotation on MTV, attracting many new fans. The band won their first MTV Video Music Awards in the categories of Best Group Video for "Legs", and Best Direction for "Sharp Dressed Man". The music videos were included in their Greatest Hits video, which was later released on DVD and quickly went multi-platinum.

Eliminator retained Gibbons's signature guitar style while adding elements of new wave music; electronic band Depeche Mode have been cited as an influence on the album. To compose the songs, Gibbons worked closely with live-in engineer Linden Hudson at the band's rehearsal studio in Texas, setting a faster tempo with drum machines and synthesizers. The main recording sessions were once again supervised in Memphis by Terry Manning who collaborated with Gibbons to replace much of the contributions from Hill and Beard. Singer Jimi Jamison joined Manning to provide backing vocals for the album. 

Stage manager David Blayney described how Hudson co-wrote much of the material on the album without receiving credit. The band recorded Hudson's song "Thug" without permission, finally paying him $600,000 in 1986 after he proved in court he held the copyright.

Despite selling fewer copies than Eliminator, Afterburner (1985) became ZZ Top's highest-charting album (No. 4 on the U.S. Billboard chart), with sales of five million copies. All of the singles from Afterburner were Top-40 hits, with "Sleeping Bag" and "Stages" reaching number one on the Mainstream Rock chart. The music video for "Velcro Fly" was choreographed by pop singer Paula Abdul. In 1987, ZZ Top released The Six Pack, a collection of their first five albums plus El Loco. The albums were remixed with new drum and guitar effects for a more "contemporary" sound similar to Eliminator.

Recycler, released in 1990, was ZZ Top's final studio album under contract with Warner Records. Recycler was also the last of a distinct sonic trilogy in the ZZ Top catalogue, marking a return towards a simpler guitar-driven blues sound with less synthesizer and pop bounce than the previous two albums. This move did not entirely suit the fan base that Eliminator and Afterburner had built up, and while Recycler did achieve platinum status, it never matched the sales of those albums. However, the single "My Head's in Mississippi" did reach No. 1 on the Billboard Album Rock Tracks chart that year.

Return to guitar-driven sound (1992–2003)
In 1992, Warner released ZZ Top's Greatest Hits, along with a new Rolling Stones-style cut, "Gun Love", and an Elvis-inflected video, "Viva Las Vegas". In 1993, ZZ Top inducted a major influence, Cream, into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

In 1994, the band signed a $35 million deal with RCA Records, releasing the million-selling Antenna. Subsequent RCA albums, Rhythmeen (1996) and 1999's XXX (the second album to feature live tracks) sold well, but did not reach the levels enjoyed previously. In 2003, ZZ Top released a final RCA album, Mescalero, an album thick with harsh Gibbons guitar and featuring a hidden track—a cover version of "As Time Goes By." RCA impresario Clive Davis wanted to do a collaboration record (in the mode of Carlos Santana's successful Supernatural) for this album. In an interview in Goldmine magazine, Davis stated that artists Pink, Dave Matthews, and Wilco were among the artists slated for the project. ZZ Top performed "Tush" and "Legs" as part of the Super Bowl XXXI halftime show in 1997.

A comprehensive four-CD collection of recordings from the London and Warner Bros. years, Chrome, Smoke & BBQ, was released in 2003. It featured the band's first single (A- and B-side) and several rare B-side tracks, as well as a radio promotion from 1979, a live track, and several extended dance-mix versions of their biggest MTV hits. Three tracks from Billy Gibbons' pre-ZZ band, the Moving Sidewalks, were also included.

Critical acclaim and retrospective releases (2004–2011)

In 2004, ZZ Top was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Keith Richards of the Rolling Stones gave the induction speech. ZZ Top gave a brief performance, playing "La Grange" and "Tush".

Expanded and remastered versions of the original studio albums from the 1970s and 1980s are currently in production. Marketed as "Remastered and Expanded", these releases include additional live tracks which were not present on the original recordings. Three such CDs have been released to date (Tres Hombres, Fandango!, and Eliminator). The first two were released in 2006 and use the original mixes free from echo and drum machines, while Eliminator was released in 2008. The Eliminator re-release also features a collector's edition version containing a DVD featuring several videos and additional live tracks.

The Eliminator Collector's Edition CD/DVD, celebrating the 25th anniversary of the band's iconic RIAA Diamond Certified album, was released September 10, 2008. The release includes seven bonus tracks and a bonus DVD, including four television performances from The Tube in November 1983.

The band performed at the 2009 Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo on the final night on March 22, 2009. In July, the band appeared on VH1's Storytellers, in celebration of their four decades as recording artists.

La Futura and subsequent events (2012–2018)

Billy Gibbons stated in an interview in August 2011 that a new album had been recorded, with initial recording taking place in Malibu, California, before moving to Houston, but was still unnamed and had yet to be mixed and mastered. Gibbons said that the expected release date was sometime in March or April 2012 but, later, a late summer or early fall release date was announced. The album was subsequently released on September 11, 2012.

Entitled La Futura, the album was produced by Rick Rubin. The first single from the album, "I Gotsta Get Paid", debuted in an advertising campaign for Jeremiah Weed Whiskey and appears on the soundtrack of the film Battleship. The song itself is an interpretation of "25 Lighters" by Texan hip hop DJ DMD and rappers Lil' Keke and Fat Pat. The first four songs from La Futura debuted on June 5, 2012, on an EP called Texicali. DJ Screw was a major influence on the album as well, particularly because Gibbons and Screw both worked with engineer G. L. Moon during the late 1990s.

On March 3 2015 the band began a North American tour with a concert in Red Bank, New Jersey, at the Count Basie Theatre. After rescheduled dates and additions, the tour wrapped up with a concert in Highland Park, Illinois, at the Ravinia Pavilion on August 27, with opening act Blackberry Smoke. Jeff Beck joined ZZ Top for seven concerts on the tour.

On September 9, 2016, ZZ Top released a new live album entitled Tonite at Midnight: Live Greatest Hits from Around the World. In 2017, ZZ Top announced their "2017 Tonnage Tour" which was to last from February 19 to March 14. However, they were forced to cancel last few dates of their tour due to the ailment of bassist Dusty Hill. In 2018, the band announced their six-day Las Vegas run of shows to be held at the Venetian, starting from April 20, 2019.

Upcoming sixteenth studio album and death of Hill (2019–present)
Gibbons told Las Vegas Review-Journal in April 2020 that the band had been "cooking up another round of wicked sounds for the next ZZ record". On June 21, 2020, Gibbons stated interest in having guitarist Jeff Beck appear on the album.

In July 2021, Hill was forced to leave a tour after a hip injury. ZZ Top performed without him at the Village Commons in New Lenox, Illinois, with Hill's guitar tech Elwood Francis on bass. Five days later, on July 28, ZZ Top announced that Hill had died at his home in Houston at the age of 72. His wife later reported that he had suffered from chronic bursitis. Gibbons confirmed that the band would continue with Francis, per Hill's wishes. Hill had already recorded bass and vocals for ZZ Top's upcoming album.

Other appearances

ZZ Top appeared in a cameo in Back to the Future Part III as an Old west band, playing an acoustic version of their song “Doubleback” with a large fiddle band.

ZZ Top played Super Bowl XXXI in 1997, along with the Blues Brothers and James Brown. ZZ Top also performed at the 2008 Orange Bowl game in Miami, as well as the Auto Club 500 NASCAR event at the Auto Club Speedway in Fontana, California. On June 23, 2008, ZZ Top celebrated the release of their first live concert DVD titled Live from Texas with the world premiere, a special appearance, and charity auction at the Hard Rock Cafe in Houston. The DVD was officially released on June 24, 2008. The featured performance was culled from a concert filmed at the Nokia Theater in Grand Prairie, Texas, on November 1, 2007.

On January 22, 2010, Billy Gibbons accompanied Will Ferrell and others playing Lynyrd Skynyrd's "Free Bird" on Conan O'Brien's last Tonight Show appearance. O'Brien joined in on guitar.

In June 2011, various media sources reported that the new song "Flyin' High" would debut in space. Astronaut and friend of ZZ Top Michael Fossum was given the released single to listen to on his trip to the International Space Station.

On June 4, 2014, ZZ Top opened the CMT Awards ceremony, performing "La Grange" with Luke Bryan and Florida Georgia Line.

Style

The Guardian described ZZ Top as "part traditional, part contrary, and part of the deep seam of Texas weirdness that stretched from the 13th Floor Elevators through to the Butthole Surfers". Texas Monthly described their music as "loud, macho, greasy, and distorted", with "unrepentant misogynistic references". In the early 1980s, ZZ Top embraced synthesizers and drum machines, drawing inspiration from British electronic acts such as Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark and Depeche Mode (while deriving their dance moves from the former). Hill and Gibbons worked as a kind of double act, looking similar and employing simple stage choreography that Hill described as "low-energy, high-impact".

Band members

Current members
Billy Gibbons – guitar, lead and backing vocals (1969–present)
Frank Beard – drums, percussion (1969–present)
Elwood Francis – bass, backing vocals (2021–present)

Former members
Lanier Greig – bass, Hammond organ (1969; died 2013)
Dan Mitchell – drums (1969)
Billy Etheridge – bass (1969–1970)
Dusty Hill – bass, backing and lead vocals, keyboards (1970–2021; died 2021)

Session guests
Pete Tickle – acoustic guitar on "Mushmouth Shoutin'" from Rio Grande Mud (1971)
Terry Manning – synthesizer, drum machine on Eliminator (1982)
James Harman – harmonica on "What's Up with That" from Rhythmeen (1996); Mescalero (2002); La Futura (2012) ()
Marimbas de Chiapas – marimba on Mescalero (2002)
Dan Dugmore – pedal steel guitar on Mescalero (2002)
Joe Hardy – piano, Hammond B3 organ on La Futura (2012) ()
Dave Sardy – piano, Hammond B3 organ on La Futura (2012)

Touring guests
Jeff Beck – guitar on "Hey Mr. Millionaire" from XXX (1999)
John Douglas – drums, percussion ()

Discography

Studio albums

ZZ Top's First Album (1971)
Rio Grande Mud (1972)
Tres Hombres (1973)
Fandango! (1975)
Tejas (1976)
Degüello (1979)
El Loco (1981)
Eliminator (1983)
Afterburner (1985)
Recycler (1990)
Antenna (1994)
Rhythmeen (1996)
XXX (1999)
Mescalero (2003)
La Futura (2012)

Filmography
In addition to recording and performing concerts, ZZ Top has also been involved with films and television. In 1990, the group appeared as the "band at the party" in the film Back to the Future Part III and played the "Three Men in a Tub" in the movie Mother Goose Rock 'n' Rhyme. ZZ Top made further appearances, including the "Gumby with a Pokey" episode of Two and a Half Men in 2010 and the "Hank Gets Dusted" episode of King of the Hill in 2007. The band also guest hosted an episode of WWE Raw. Billy Gibbons also had a recurring role as the father of Angela Montenegro in the television show Bones; though the character is never named, it is strongly implied that Gibbons is playing himself. Their song "Sharp Dressed Man" was one of the theme songs used for the television show Duck Dynasty, and on the series finale of the show they appeared with Si Robertson as a vocalist to perform the song on stage during Robertson's retirement party. Black Dahlia Films, led by Jamie Burton Chamberlin, of Seattle and Los Angeles, has contributed documentaries and back line screen work (the footage on back screens during live shows) and has become an integral part of the band's film-making.

In November 2020, it was announced that the 2019 Netflix documentary That Little Ol' Band from Texas was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Music Film with the award ceremony scheduled for March 2021.

Awards and achievements
ZZ Top's music videos won multiple VMA awards during the 1980s, topping the categories of Best Group Video, Best Direction, and Best Art Direction for "Legs", "Sharp Dressed Man" and "Rough Boy", respectively. Among high honors for ZZ Top have been induction into Hollywood's RockWalk in 1994, the Texas House of Representatives naming them "Official Heroes for the State of Texas", a declaration of "ZZ Top Day" in Texas by then-governor Ann Richards on May 4, 1991, and induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2004. They were also given commemorative rings by actor Billy Bob Thornton from the VH1 Rock Honors in 2007.

ZZ Top has also achieved several chart and album sales feats, including six number-one singles on the Mainstream Rock chart. From the RIAA, ZZ Top has earned four gold, three platinum and two multiple-platinum album certifications, and one diamond album.

See also
List of artists who reached number one on the U.S. Mainstream Rock chart
American Blues

Notes

References

Bibliography

External links

 
1969 establishments in Texas
American blues rock musical groups
Columbia Records artists
Hard rock musical groups from Texas
Musical groups established in 1969
Musical groups from Houston
American musical trios
RCA Records artists
Warner Records artists
American southern rock musical groups
Many Geordie songwriters used aliases, for whatever reason. This article lists many of these aliases, giving in some cases, where known, the real name, and in others, some of the songs or poems attributed to them.

Background 

In the 18th and 19th centuries, particularly the early and middle 19th century, there was a plethora of songwriters. Nowhere was this more so than in the North East of England. Then, as today, numerous writers sold their works and received no acknowledgement.

This is illustrated with the dealings of James Catnach (printer and publisher) of Seven Dials in London, where the payment to the author was always the same – one shilling, unless the printer thought there was something exceptional, in which case he would "throw in a penny or two over" – and in all cases the works are printed as being anonymous with no credit to the writer..

In other cases some authors wishing anonymity, would use an alias, pseudonym, stage name or nickname. This article attempts to deal with many of these.

The aliases, pseudonyms, stage names and nicknames

Pseudonyms 
 Bailey
In Fordyce's Tyne Songster, the song "The Skipper's Fright" was attributed to "J. N.", but the Index shows it written by "Bailey".

The songs written by "Bailey" or "J. N." include :-
 The Skipper's Fright, to the tune of Skipper Carr And Marky Dunn – appears in Fordyce's Tyne Songster page 322
 Newcastle Market, to the tune of Adam and Eve – appears in Ross' Songs of the Tyne volume 7-page 13
 Black, Geordy		
A stage name often used by Rowland Harrison, particularly when singing his own song Geordy Black
 Blind Willy – The nickname of William Purvis
 Bobby Cure (The) – One of the stage names of/characters played by George "Geordie" Ridley
 Cat Gut Jim – One of the stage names used or character played by Edward Corvan
 Clarinda		
Real name unknown	
Among the songs written by Clarinda are :-
The Patriot Volunteers (or Loyalty Display'd) – appears in Bell's Rhymes of Northern Bards page 310
 Corvan, Edward – sometimes used the alias "Cat Gut Jim" – see Edward Corvan
 Cosgrove James – used the alias J C Scatter – see James Cosgrove
 Edward Corvan – sometimes used the alias "Cat Gut Jim" – see Edward Corvan
 Geordie
Real name unknown	
Among the songs written by Geordie is :-
Shipley's Drop frae the Cloods, published in the Shields Gazette – appears in Allan's Tyneside Songs page 575
 Geordy Black		
A stage name often used by Rowland Harrison, particularly when singing his own song Geordy Black
 George Ridley – Johnny Luik Up and The Bobby Cure are both stage name used by George Ridley
 Harry Haldane – An alias, used in most of his poetry and song writing, by Richard Oliver Heslop
 Harrison, Rowland – often uses the alias Geordy Black, particularly when singing the song Geordy Black
 Havadab
The person using this alias is unknown other than that he is from Shieldfield and had at least two pieces printed in "The Weekly Chronicle".
Among the songs attributed to Havadab are the following :-
 Gone – published in the Weekly Chronicle – appears in Allan's Tyneside Songs page 573
 Ma Singin' Freend – published in the Weekly Chronicle – appears in Allan's Tyneside Songs page 573
 Richard Oliver Heslop used the pseudonym "Harry Haldane" when publishing most of his poetry and songs
 Johnny Luik up – One of the stage names of/characters played by George "Geordie" Ridley
 Purvis, William – see William Purvis (Blind Willie)
 Ridley, George		
The Bobby Cure and Johnny Luik Up – are both stage name used by George Ridley – see George "Geordie" Ridley
 Rosalinda – originally named as "Bosalinda"
Originally thought by Thomas Allan in his book Allan's Tyneside Songs to have possibly have been a Miss Harrey of Newcastle, it is now generally accepted as being a pen name used by Robert Gilchrist
The following is attributed to the name of Rosalinda :-
 Pandon Dene – appears in Allan's Tyneside Songs on page 16, Bell's Rhymes of Northern Bards on page 59, Fordyce's Tyne Songster on page 156, France's Songs of the Bards of the Tyne on page 305, Marshall's Collection of Songs 1827 on page 145 and Ross' Songs of the Tyne volume 8-page 3
 Rowland Harrison – often uses the alias Geordy Black, particularly when singing the song Geordy Black
 J. C. Scatter – stage name of James Cosgrove
 Songster		
The person using this alias is unknown.
One of the songs written by "Songster" is :-
 Shields Races, sung to the tune of The de'il cam' fiddling through the toon – appears in France's Songs of the Bards of the Tyne page 492
 By a Spectator		
The person signing their name as "by a spectator" is unknown, but wrote the following song :-
 Monkseaton Races – , 1812  – appears in Bell's Rhymes of Northern Bards page 307

The use of initials 
J. B.		
The writer's real name is unknown, but it has been suggested that it may have been Joshua L. Bagnall. However there are no reasons given as to any evidence to support this suggestion.
The following is attributed to their name :-
 The Misfortunes of Roger and His Wife, to the tune of Calder Fair -and appears in Marshall's Collection of Songs 1827 page 172 and Fordyce's Tyne Songster page 172
 W. B. of Gateshead	
The writer's real name is unknown, but the following is attributed to their name :-
 The Bluebell of Gateshead – appears in Bell's Rhymes of Northern Bards page 61
 D. C.			
The writer's real name is unknown, but the following is attributed to their name :-
 The Skipper's Voyage to the Museum, to the tune of Barbara Bell – appears in France's Songs of the Bards of the Tyne page 524
 J. C.			
The writer's real name is unknown, but the following is attributed to their name :-
 Song – 5 July 1810 – appears in Bell's Rhymes of Northern Bards page 236
 D ---			
The writer's real name is unknown, but the following is attributed to their name :-
 My Canny Wife (My), to the tune of There's nae luck about the house – appears in France's Songs of the Bards of the Tyne page 465
 Sweet Tibbie Dunbar, to the tune of The Boys of Kilkenny – appears in France's Songs of the Bards of the Tyne page 443
 Willy Wier, to the tune of Lass o' Gowrie – appears in France's Songs of the Bards of the Tyne page 503
 Young Mary, Queen of Hearts!, to the tune of The Boatie Row – appears in France's Songs of the Bards of the Tyne page 451
 Half-Drowned Skipper (The) – appears in Allan's Tyneside Songs page 153. It had first appeared  (signed D.) in the Tyneside Minstrel of 1824.
 Canny Wife's reply, to the tune of Auld Lang Syne – appears in France's Songs of the Bards of the Tyne page 505
 A. F. of Lead Gate		
The writer's real name is unknown, but the following is attributed to their name :-
 Wylam Geordy – appears in Allan's Tyneside Songs page 570
 P. G.		
Thomas Allan in his book, Allan's Tyneside Songs suggests that this was probably a Mr P. Galloway, a member of the Corinthian Society of Newcastle upon Tyne.
The following are attributed to his name :-
 A Lament on the death of Alexander Donktn, a young man of twenty-four, dies on 12 February 1825 – appears in Allan's Tyneside Songs page 232
 Poem – first delivered 29 August 1827 at the local Corinthians meeting – appears in Allan's Tyneside Songs page 230
 Poem To the Memory of Richard Young, R. Young – a member of the Corinthians, who died , 1831, aged 29 – appears in Allan's Tyneside Songs page 232
 D. H.			
Thomas Allan in his book, Allan's Tyneside Songs suggests that this was probably a Mr D. Hobkirk q.v.
 H. F. H.			
The writer's real name is unknown, but John Bell in his book, Bell's Rhymes of Northern Bards states that it was written and sung by H. R. H. at the opening.
The following is attributed to his name :-
 Song (A) at the opening of Jarrow Colliery (Opened on 26 September 1805) written and sung by HFH  – appears in Bell's Rhymes of Northern Bards page 304
 K 			
The writer's real name is unknown, but the following is attributed to their name :-
 Picking of lillies the other day, I saw a ship sailing on the main (actual title unknown) – appears in Sharp's Bishoprick Garland 1834 on page 65. (NOTE – The incorrect spelling is at it appears in the book)
 J. L.			
The writer's real name is unknown, but the following is attributed to their name :-
 The Tyne (A Fragment only) – appears in Bell's Rhymes of Northern Bards page 322
 J. N. is the pseudonym of Bailey (according to Fordyce) – see Bailey (above)
 T. R.
The writer's real name is unknown, but the following is attributed to their name :-
 An Elegy to the Memory of the Right Honourable Lord Ravensworth – appears in Bell's Rhymes of Northern Bards page 99
 J. S.			
Round about the date of the writing of this work there were three major poet/songwriters, all writing Geordie songs, and all three having a habit of (quite properly of course) signing of some of their works as "J. S." – John Shield, John Selkirk and James Stawpert.
The writer of the following song, "Cull, Alias Silly Billy", is unknown (it may have been one of the three, or someone else), but it is attributed, according to John Bell, to J. S. :-
 Cull, Alias Silly Billy – Published in Newcastle Chronicle on 28 August 1802  – appears in Bell's Rhymes of Northern Bards page 312
 E W			
The writer's real name is unknown, but the following is attributed to their name :-
 The Battle of Humbledown Hill (fought 5 August 1791)  – appears in Bell's Rhymes of Northern Bards page 152
 M W of North Shields	
The writer's real name is unknown, but the following is attributed to their name :-
 Sunderland Bridge  – appears in Bell's Rhymes of Northern Bards page 285 and Sharp's Bishoprick Garland 1834 on page 72

Nicknames of some of the Eccentrics 
 Archy, or Archibald Henderson – was known by the nickname Bold Archy (or Airchy) – see Eccentrics
 Billy Conolly – an alias of William Cleghorn
 Bold Archy (or Airchy) is the nickname of Archibald Henderson – see Eccentrics
 Cleghorn, William – used the alias of Billy Conolly – see William Cleghorn
Cat Gut Jim – was a stage name and a character acted out on stage by Edward Corvan
 Conolly, Billy – an alias of William Cleghorn
Corvan, Edward – used the stage name and acted out the part of "Cat Gut Jim – see Edward Corvan
 Cruddace, Robert – was known by the nickname Whin Bob – see Eccentrics
 Cuckoo Jack -is the nickname of John Wilson – see Eccentrics
 Cuddy Billy -is the nickname of William Maclachlan – see Eccentrics
 Cull Billy -is the nickname of William Scott – see Eccentrics
 Edward Corvan – used the stage name and acted out the part of "Cat Gut Jim – see Edward Corvan
 Henderson, Archibald – was known by the nickname Bold Archy (or Airchy)  – see Eccentrics
 John Wilson – was known by the nickname Cuckoo Jack  – see Eccentrics
 Maclachlan William – was known by the nickname Cuddy Billy  – see Eccentrics
 Robert Cruddace – was known by the nickname Whin Bob – see Eccentrics
 Scott William – was known by the nickname Cull (or silly) Billy  – see Eccentrics
 Silly Billy -is the nickname of William Scott – see Eccentrics
 Whin Bob -is the nickname of Robert Cruddace – see Eccentrics
 William Cleghorn – used the alias of Billy Conolly – see William Cleghorn
 Wilson, John – was known by the nickname Cuckoo Jack  – see Eccentrics

See also 
Geordie dialect words
Thomas Allan
Allan's Illustrated Edition of Tyneside Songs and Readings
W & T Fordyce
Fordyce's Tyne Songster
P. France & Co.
France's Songs of the Bards of the Tyne - 1850
John Marshall
Marshall's Collection of Songs, Comic, Satirical 1827
John Ross
The Songs of the Tyne by Ross
Sharp's Bishoprick Garland 1834
Thomas Marshall
Marshall's A Collection of original local songs
The Newcastle Eccentrics of the 19th century

References

External links
 Allan's Illustrated Edition of Tyneside Songs and Readings
 The Tyne Songster by W & T Fordyce – 1840
 France's Songs of the Bards of the Tyne – 1850
 Marshall's Collection of Songs, Comic, Satirical 1827
 The Songs of the Tyne by Ross
 Sharpe's Bishoprick Garland 1834
 Bards of Newcastle
 Wor Geordie songwriters

People from Newcastle upon Tyne (district)
Geordie songwriters Hypnosis Mic: Division Rap Battle is a Japanese multimedia franchise featuring fictional rappers.

Tokyo

Buster Bros!!!
Buster Bros!!! is a rap team from Ikebukuro consisting of the Yamada brothers. Their leader is Ichiro Yamada, and their team songs are "Ikebukuro West Game Park", , and "Re:start!!!." Their official color is red.

Stage Actor: Akira Takano
Ichiro uses the name MC.B.B (pronounced "MC Big Brother"). He is 19 years old and the oldest of the Yamada brothers. While he's the leader of Buster Bros!!!, he used to be a member of The Dirty Dawg. His solo songs are  and "Break the Wall."

Stage Actor: Shōta Matsuda
Jiro uses the name MC.M.B (pronounced "MC Middle Brother"). He is 17 years old. His solo songs are  and "School of IKB."

Stage Actor: Ryuto Akishima
Saburo uses the name MC.L.B (pronounced "MC Little Brother"). He is 14 years old and the youngest of the Yamada brothers, but is remarkably intelligent. His solo songs are "New Star" and .

Mad Trigger Crew
Mad Trigger Crew is a rap team from Yokohama consisting of crime and military personnel. Their leader is Samatoki Aohitsugi, and their team songs are "Yokohama Walker", "Shinogi (Dead Pools)", and "Hunting Charm." Their official color is blue.

Stage Actor: Aran Abe
Samatoki uses the name Mr. HC (pronounced "Mr. Hardcore"). He is 25 years old and a high-ranking member of the , a yakuza clan. He is the leader of Mad Trigger Crew and used to be a member of The Dirty Dawg. He has a younger sister named Nemu. His solo songs are "G Anthem of Y-City" and "Gangsta's Paradise."

Stage Actor: Kenta Mizue
Jyuto uses the name 45 Rabbit. He is 29 years old and a corrupt police officer. His solo songs are  and "Uncrushable."

Stage Actor: Yūki Byrnes
Rio uses the name Crazy M. He is 28 years old and half-American from his father's side. He is a former military officer. His solo songs are "What's My Name?" and "2Die4."

Fling Posse
Fling Posse is a rap team from Shibuya, consisting of people from the art and entertainment industry. Their leader is Ramuda Amemura, and their team songs are "Shibuya Marble Texture (PCCS)", "Stella", and "Black Journey." Their official color is yellow.

Stage Actor: Ryo Sekoguchi
Ramuda uses the name Easy R. He is 24 years old. He is the leader of Fling Posse and used to be a member of The Dirty Dawg. He is a fashion designer. His solo songs are "Drops" and .

Stage Actor: Takahisa Maeyama
Gentaro uses the name Phantom. He is 24 years old and an author. His solo songs are  and .

Stage Actor: Ryo Takizawa
Dice uses the name Dead or Alive. He is 20 years old and a gambler. His solo songs are "3 Seven" and "Scramble Gamble."

Matenro
 is a rap team from Shinjuku consisting of medical and office personnel. Their leader is Jakurai Jinguji, and their team songs are , "The Champion", "Papillon", and "Tomoshibi". Their official color is gray. Matenro was the winner of the 2018 rap battles.

Stage Actor: Taiyo Ayukawa
Jakurai uses the name ill-DOC. He is 35 years old. He is the leader of Matenro and used to be a member of The Dirty Dawg. He is a doctor. His solo songs are  and .

Stage Actor: Hirofumi Araki
Hifumi uses the name Gigolo. He is 29 years old. He is a host. His solo songs are  and .

Stage Actor: Kodai Miyagi
Doppo uses the name Doppo (in romaji). He is 29 years old. He is an office worker. He has a pessimistic attitude. His solo songs are  and "Black or White."

Other regions

Dotsuitare Hompo
 is a rap team from Osaka, introduced in September 2019 along with Bad Ass Temple. Their leader is Sasara Nurude. Their team songs are  and . Their official color is orange.

Stage Actor: Yoshihiko Aramaki
Sasara uses the name Tragic Comedy. He is 26 years old and a stand-up comedian. He used to be in a group with Samatoki, known as "Mad Comic Dialogue." His solo song is "Tragic Transistor."

Stage Actor: Masamichi Satonaka
Rosho uses the name WISDOM. He is 26 years old and a teacher. His solo song is "Own Stage."

Stage Actor: Yoshihisa Higashiyama
Rei uses the name MC MasterMind. He is 46 years old and a conman. His solo song is "Faces."

Bad Ass Temple
Bad Ass Temple is a rap team from Nagoya, introduced in September 2019 along with Dotsuitare Hompo. Their leader is Kuko Harai. Their team songs are "Bad Ass Temple Funky Sounds" and . Their official color is purple.

Stage Actor: Ryota Hirono 
Kuko uses the name Evil Monk. He is 19 years old and a monk. He used to be in a group with Ichiro, known as "Naughty Busters." His solo song is .

Stage Actor: Daigo Kato
Jyushi uses the name 14th Moon. He is 18 years old and the vocalist for a visual kei band. His solo song is "Moonlight Shadow."

Stage Actor: Ruito Aoyagi
Hitoya uses the name Heaven and Hell. He is 35 years old and a lawyer. His solo song is "One and Two, and Law."

References

External links
  

Hypnosis Mic