Kareem Abdul-Jabbar Post-NBA career
what does he do after basket ball
What does Kareem Abdul-Jabbar do after basket ball?
Since 2005, Abdul-Jabbar has served as a special assistant coach for the Lakers. He had been interested in coaching since his retirement, and given the influence that he exerted on the league during his playing days, he thought that the opportunity would present itself. However, during his playing years, Abdul-Jabbar had developed a reputation for being introverted and sullen. He did not speak to the press, which led to the impression that he disliked journalists. In his biography My Life, Magic Johnson recalls instances when Abdul-Jabbar brushed him off when Magic (as a ball boy) asked for his autograph, Abdul-Jabbar froze out reporters who gave him a too-enthusiastic handshake or even hugged him, and he refused to stop reading the newspaper while giving an interview. Many basketball observers, in addition to Abdul-Jabbar, believe that Kareem's reticence, whether through disdain for the press corps or simply because of introversion, contributed to the dearth of coaching opportunities offered to Abdul-Jabbar by the NBA. In his words, he said he had a mindset he could not overcome, and proceeded through his career oblivious to the effect his reticence may have had on his future coaching prospects. Abdul-Jabbar said: "I didn't understand that I also had affected people that way and that's what it was all about. I always saw it like they were trying to pry. I was way too suspicious and I paid a price for it." Since he began lobbying for a coaching position in 1995, he has managed to obtain only low-level assistant and scouting jobs in the NBA, and a head coaching position only in a minor professional league. Abdul-Jabbar has worked as an assistant for the Los Angeles Clippers and the Seattle SuperSonics, helping mentor, among others, their young centers, Michael Olowokandi and Jerome James. Abdul-Jabbar was the head coach of the Oklahoma Storm of the United States Basketball League in 2002, leading the team to the league's championship that season, but he failed to land the head coaching position at Columbia University a year later. He then worked as a scout for the New York Knicks. Finally, on September 2, 2005, he returned to the Lakers as a special assistant to Phil Jackson to help the Lakers' centers, and in particular their young draftee Andrew Bynum. Abdul-Jabbar's influence has been credited with Bynum's emergence as a more talented NBA center. Abdul-Jabbar also served as a volunteer coach at Alchesay High School on the Fort Apache Indian Reservation in Whiteriver, Arizona in 1998. In 2016, he performed a tribute to friend Muhammad Ali along with Chance the Rapper. He is also co-author of a comic book published by Titan Comics entitled Mycroft Holmes and the Apocalypse Handbook. CANNOTANSWER
Abdul-Jabbar has worked as an assistant for the Los Angeles Clippers and the Seattle SuperSonics, helping mentor, among others, their young centers, Michael Olowokandi and Jerome James.
Kareem Abdul-Jabbar (born Ferdinand Lewis Alcindor Jr.; April 16, 1947) is an American former professional basketball player who played 20 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for the Milwaukee Bucks and the Los Angeles Lakers. During his career as a center, Abdul-Jabbar was a record six-time NBA Most Valuable Player (MVP), a record 19-time NBA All-Star, a 15-time All-NBA selection, and an 11-time NBA All-Defensive Team member. A member of six NBA championship teams as a player and two more as an assistant coach, Abdul-Jabbar twice was voted NBA Finals MVP. He was named to the league's 35th, 50th and 75th anniversary teams. NBA coach Pat Riley and players Isiah Thomas and Julius Erving called him the greatest basketball player of all time.

With him on the team, parochial high school Power Memorial, in New York City, won 71 consecutive basketball games. He was recruited by Jerry Norman, the assistant coach at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), where he played for coach John Wooden on three consecutive national championship teams. He was a record three-time MVP of the NCAA Tournament. Drafted with the first overall pick by the one-season-old Bucks franchise in the 1969 NBA draft, Alcindor spent six seasons in Milwaukee. After leading the Bucks to its first NBA championship at age 24 in 1971, he took the Muslim name Kareem Abdul-Jabbar. Using his trademark "skyhook" shot, he established himself as one of the league's top scorers. In 1975, he was traded to the Lakers, with whom he played the final 14 seasons of his career in which they won five additional NBA championships. Abdul-Jabbar's contributions were a key component in the "Showtime" era of Lakers basketball. Over his 20-year NBA career, his teams succeeded in making the playoffs 18 times and got past the first round 14 times; his teams reached the NBA Finals on 10 occasions.

At the time of his retirement at age 42 in 1989, Abdul-Jabbar was the NBA's all-time leader in points scored (38,387), games played (1,560), minutes played (57,446), field goals made (15,837), field goal attempts (28,307), blocked shots (3,189), defensive rebounds (9,394), career wins (1,074), and personal fouls (4,657). He remains the all-time leader in points scored, field goals made, and career wins. He is ranked third all-time in both rebounds and blocked shots. ESPN named him the greatest center of all time in 2007, the greatest player in college basketball history in 2008, and the second best player in NBA history (behind Michael Jordan) in 2016. Abdul-Jabbar has also been an actor, a basketball coach, a best-selling author, and a martial artist, having trained in Jeet Kune Do under Bruce Lee and appeared in his film Game of Death (1972). In 2012, Abdul-Jabbar was selected by Secretary of State Hillary Clinton to be a U.S. global cultural ambassador. In 2016, President Barack Obama awarded him the Presidential Medal of Freedom.

Early life
Ferdinand Lewis Alcindor Jr. was born in Harlem, New York City, the only child of Cora Lillian, a department store price checker, and Ferdinand Lewis Alcindor Sr., a transit police officer and jazz musician. He grew up in the Dyckman Street projects in the Inwood neighborhood of Upper Manhattan, where he moved to at the age of 3 in 1950. At birth, Alcindor weighed  and was  long. He was always very tall for his age. By age nine, he was already  tall. Alcindor was often depressed as a teenager because of the stares and comments about his height. By the eighth grade (age 13–14), he had grown to  and could already slam dunk a basketball.

Alcindor began his record-breaking basketball accomplishments when he was in high school, where he led coach Jack Donohue's Power Memorial Academy team to three straight New York City Catholic championships, a 71-game winning streak, and a 79–2 overall record. This earned him "The Tower from Power" nickname. His 2,067 total points were a New York City high school record. The team won the national high school boys basketball championship when Alcindor was in 10th and 11th grade and was runner-up his senior year. He had a strained relationship in his final year with Donohue after the coach called him a nigger.

College career

Now  tall, Alcindor was relegated to the freshman team in his first year at UCLA, as freshman were ineligible to play varsity until 1972. The freshman squad included fellow high school All-Americans Lucius Allen, Kenny Heitz and Lynn Shackelford. On November 27, 1965, Alcindor made his first public performance in UCLA's annual varsity–freshman exhibition game, attended by 12,051 fans in the inaugural game at the Bruins' new Pauley Pavilion. The 1965–66 varsity team was the two-time defending national champions and the top-ranked team in preseason polls. The freshman team won 75–60 behind Alcindor's 31 points and 21 rebounds. It was the first time a freshman team had beaten the UCLA varsity squad. The varsity had lost Gail Goodrich and Keith Erickson from the championship squad to graduation, and starting guard Freddie Goss was out sick. After the game, UPI wrote: "UCLA's Bruins open defense of their national basketball title this week, but right now they're only the second best team on campus." The freshman team was 21–0 that year, dominating against junior college and other freshman teams.

He made his varsity debut as a sophomore in 1966 and received national coverage: Sports Illustrated described him as "The New Superstar" after he scored 56 points in his first game, which broke the UCLA single-game record held by Gail Goodrich. He averaged 29 points per game during the season and led UCLA to an undefeated 30–0 record and a national championship. After the season, the dunk was banned in college basketball in an attempt to curtail his dominance. The rule was not rescinded until the 1976–77 season. Alcindor was the main contributor to the team's three-year record of 88 wins and only two losses: one to the University of Houston in which Alcindor had an eye injury, and the other to crosstown rival USC who played a "stall game"; there was no shot clock in that era, allowing the Trojans to hold the ball as long as it wanted before attempting to score. They limited Alcindor to only four shots and 10 points.

During his college career, Alcindor was a three-time national player of the year (1967–1969); was a three-time unanimous first-team All-American (1967–1969); played on three NCAA basketball champion teams (1967, 1968 and 1969); was honored as the Most Outstanding Player in the NCAA Tournament three times and became the first-ever Naismith College Player of the Year in 1969. He was the only player to win the Helms Foundation Player of the Year award three times.

Alcindor had considered transferring to Michigan because of unfulfilled recruiting promises. UCLA player Willie Naulls introduced Alcindor and teammate Lucius Allen to athletic booster Sam Gilbert, who convinced the pair to remain at UCLA.

During his junior year, Alcindor suffered a scratched left cornea on January 12, 1968, in a game against Cal when he was struck by Tom Henderson in a rebound battle. He would miss the next two games against Stanford and Portland. His cornea would again be scratched during his pro career, which subsequently caused him to wear goggles for eye protection. On January 20, the Bruins faced coach Guy Lewis's Houston Cougars in the first-ever nationally televised regular-season college basketball game, with 52,693 in attendance at the Astrodome. In a contest billed as the "Game of the Century", Cougar forward Elvin Hayes scored 39 points and had 15 rebounds, while Alcindor, suffering from his eye injury, was held to just 15 points as Houston won 71–69, ending UCLA's 47-game winning streak. Hayes and Alcindor had a rematch in the semi-finals of the NCAA Tournament, where UCLA, with a healthy Alcindor, defeated Houston 101–69 en route to the national championship. UCLA limited Hayes, who was averaging 37.7 points per game, to only ten points. Wooden credited his assistant, Jerry Norman, for devising the diamond-and-one defense that contained Hayes. Sports Illustrated ran a cover story on the game and used the headline: "Lew's Revenge: The Rout of Houston."

During the summer of 1968, Alcindor took the shahada twice and converted to Sunni Islam from Catholicism. He adopted the Arabic name Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, though he did not begin using it publicly until 1971. He boycotted the 1968 Summer Olympics, deciding not to try out for U.S. Olympic basketball team, who went on to easily win the gold medal. Alcindor was protesting the unequal treatment of African Americans in the United States, stating that he was "trying to point out to the world the futility of winning the gold medal for this country and then coming back to live under oppression."

At the time, the NBA did not allow college underclassmen to declare early for the draft. Alcindor completed his studies and earned a Bachelor of Arts with a major in history in 1969. In his free time, he practiced martial arts. He studied aikido in New York between his sophomore and junior year, before learning Jeet Kune Do under Bruce Lee in Los Angeles.

School records
As of the 2019–20 UCLA Bruins men's basketball team season, he still holds or shares a number of individual records at UCLA:
 Highest career scoring average: 26.4
 Most career field goals: 943 (tied with Don MacLean)
 Most points in a season: 870 (1967) 
 Highest season scoring average: 29.0 (1967)
 Most field goals in a season: 346 (1967) (also, the second most: 303 (1969), and third: 294 (1968))
 Most free throw attempts in a season: 274 (1967)
 Most points in a single game: 61
 Most field goals in a single game: 26 (vs. Washington State, February 25, 1967)

He is represented in the top ten in a number of other school records, including season and career rebounds, second only to Bill Walton.

Professional career

Milwaukee Bucks (1969–1975)

Rookie of the Year (1969–1970) 

The Harlem Globetrotters offered Alcindor $1 million to play for them, but he declined and was picked first in the 1969 NBA draft by the Milwaukee Bucks, who were in only their second season of existence. The Bucks won a coin-toss with the Phoenix Suns for first pick. He was also chosen first overall in the 1969 American Basketball Association draft by the New York Nets. The Nets believed that they had the upper hand in securing Alcindor's services because he was from New York; however, when Alcindor told both the Bucks and the Nets that he would accept only one offer from each team, the Nets bid too low. Sam Gilbert negotiated the contract along with Los Angeles businessman Ralph Shapiro at no charge. After Alcindor chose the Milwaukee Bucks' offer of $1.4 million, the Nets offered a guaranteed $3.25 million. Alcindor declined the offer, saying, "A bidding war degrades the people involved. It would make me feel like a flesh peddler, and I don't want to think like that."

Alcindor's presence enabled the 1969–70 Bucks to claim second place in the NBA's Eastern Division with a 56–26 record (improved from 27–55 the previous year). On February 21, 1970, he scored 51 points in a 140–127 win over the SuperSonics. Alcindor was an instant star, ranking second in the league in scoring (28.8 ppg) and third in rebounding (14.5 rpg), for which he was awarded the title of NBA Rookie of the Year. In the series-clinching game against the 76ers, he recorded 46 points and 25 rebounds. He was the second rookie to score at least 40 points and 25 rebounds in a playoff game (with the first being Wilt Chamberlain). He also set an NBA rookie record with 10 or more games of 20+ points scored during the playoffs, tied by Jayson Tatum in 2018.

First championship, MVP, and Finals MVP (1970–1971) 
The next season, the Bucks acquired All-Star guard Oscar Robertson. Milwaukee went on to record the best record in the league with 66 victories in the 1970–71 season, including a then-record 20 straight wins. Alcindor was awarded his first of six NBA Most Valuable Player Awards, along with his first scoring title (31.7 ppg). He also led the league in total points, with 2,596. The Bucks won the NBA title, sweeping the Baltimore Bullets 4–0 in the 1971 NBA Finals. Alcindor posted 27 points, 12 rebounds and seven assists in Game 4, and he was named the Finals MVP after averaging 27 points per game on 60.5% shooting in the series.

MVP recognition and trade request (1971–1975) 
During the offseason, Alcindor and Robertson joined Bucks head coach Larry Costello on a three-week basketball tour of Africa on behalf of the State Department. In a press conference at the State Department on June 3, 1971, he stated that going forward, he wanted to be called by his Muslim name, Kareem Abdul-Jabbar (, Karīm Abd al-Jabbār), its translation roughly "noble one, servant of the Almighty [i.e., servant of Allah]".

Abdul-Jabbar remained a dominant force for the Bucks. The following year, he repeated as scoring champion (34.8 ppg and 2,822 total points) and became the first player to be named the NBA Most Valuable Player twice in his first three years. In 1974, Abdul-Jabbar led the Bucks to their fourth consecutive Midwest Division title, and he won his third MVP Award in four years. He was among the top five NBA players in scoring (27.0 ppg, third), rebounding (14.5 rpg, fourth), blocked shots (283, second), and field goal percentage (.539, second).

Robertson, who became a free agent in the offseason, retired in September 1974 after he was unable to agree on a contract with the Bucks.  On October 3, Abdul-Jabbar privately requested a trade to the New York Knicks, with his second choice being the Washington Bullets (now the Wizards) and his third, the Los Angeles Lakers. He had never spoken negatively of the city of Milwaukee or its fans, but he said that being in the Midwest did not fit his cultural needs. Two days later in a pre-season game before the 1974–75 season against the Boston Celtics in Buffalo, New York, Abdul-Jabbar caught a fingernail in his left eye from Don Nelson and suffered a corneal abrasion; this angered him enough to punch the backboard stanchion, breaking two bones in his right hand. He missed the first 16 games of the season, during which the Bucks were 3–13, and returned in late November wearing protective goggles. On March 13, 1975, sportscaster Marv Albert reported that Abdul-Jabbar requested a trade to either New York or Los Angeles, preferably to the Knicks. The following day after a loss in Milwaukee to the Lakers, Abdul-Jabbar confirmed to reporters his desire to play in another city. He averaged 30.0 points during the season, but Milwaukee finished in last place in the division at 38–44.

Los Angeles Lakers (1975–1989)

Fourth and fifth MVP awards (1975–1977) 
In 1975, the Lakers acquired Abdul-Jabbar and reserve center Walt Wesley from the Bucks for center Elmore Smith, guard Brian Winters, blue-chip rookies Dave Meyers and Junior Bridgeman, and cash. In the 1975–76 season, his first with the Lakers, he had a dominating season, averaging 27.7 points per game and leading the league in rebounding (16.9), blocked shots (4.12), and total minutes played (3,379). His 1,111 defensive rebounds remains the NBA single-season record (defensive rebounds were not recorded prior to the 1973–74 season). He earned his fourth MVP award, becoming the first winner in Lakers' franchise history, but missed the post-season for the second straight year as the Lakers finished 40–42.

Afer acquiring a cast of no-name free agents, the Lakers were projected to finished near the bottom of the Pacific Division in 1976–77. However, Abdul-Jabbar helped lead the team to the best record (53–29) in the NBA. He won his fifth MVP award, tying Bill Russell's record. Abdul-Jabbar led the league in field goal percentage (.579), was third in scoring (26.2), and was second in rebounds (13.3) and blocked shots (3.18). In the playoffs, the Lakers beat the Golden State Warriors in the Western Conference semi-finals, setting up a confrontation with the Portland Trail Blazers. The result was a memorable matchup, pitting Abdul-Jabbar against a young, injury-free Bill Walton. Although Abdul-Jabbar dominated the series statistically, Walton and the Trail Blazers (who were experiencing their first-ever run in the playoffs) swept the Lakers, behind Walton's skillful passing and timely plays.

Playoff disappointments (1977–1979) 
Two minutes into the opening game of the 1977–78 season, Abdul-Jabbar broke his right hand punching Milwaukee's Kent Benson in retaliation to the rookie's elbow to his stomach. Benson suffered a black right eye and required two stitches. According to Benson, Abdul-Jabbar initiated the elbowing, but there were no witnesses and it was not captured on replays. Abdul-Jabbar, who broke the same bone in 1975 after he punched the backboard support, was out for almost two months and missed 20 games. He was fined a then-league record $5,000 but was not suspended. Benson missed one game but was not punished by the league. The Lakers were 8–13 when Abdul-Jabbar returned. He was not named to the 1978 NBA All-Star Game, the only time in his 20-year career he was not selected to an All-Star Game. Chicago's Artis Gilmore and Detroit's Bob Lanier were chosen as reserves for the West, with Walton starting
at center. Amid criticism from the media over his performance, Abdul-Jabbar had 39 points, 20 rebounds, six assists and four blocks in a win over the Philadelphia 76ers the day the All-Star rosters were announced. He added 37 points and 30 rebounds in a victory over the New Jersey Nets (now Brooklyn) in the final game before the All-Star break.

Abdul-Jabbar's play remained strong during the next two seasons, being named to the All-NBA Second Team twice, the All-Defense First Team once, and the All-Defense Second Team once.  The Lakers, however, continued to be stymied in the playoffs, being eliminated by the Seattle SuperSonics in both 1978 (first round) and 1979 (semifinals).

Last MVP award and championship success (1979–1985) 
In 1979, the Lakers selected Magic Johnson with the first overall pick of the draft. They had acquired the pick from the New Orleans Jazz (later Utah) in 1976, when league rules required that they compensate Los Angeles for their signing of free agent Gail Goodrich. The addition of Johnson paved the way for a Laker dynasty of the 1980s, appearing in the finals eight times and winning five NBA championships. While less dominant than in his younger years, Abdul-Jabbar reinforced his status as one of the greatest basketball players ever, adding an additional four All-NBA First Team selections and two All-Defense First Team honors. He won his record sixth MVP award in 1980 and continued to average 20 or more points per game in the following six seasons. He won his second Finals MVP in 1985, when he became the oldest to win the award at 38 years and 54 days old. On April 5, 1984, Abdul-Jabbar broke Chamberlain's record for most career points.

While in Los Angeles, Abdul-Jabbar started doing yoga in 1976 to improve his flexibility, and was notable for his physical fitness regimen. He says, "There is no way I could have played as long as I did without yoga."

In 1983, Abdul-Jabbar's house burned down. Many of his belongings, including his beloved jazz LP collection of about 3,000 albums, were destroyed. Many Lakers fans sent and brought him albums, which he found uplifting.

Final playing years and sixth ring (1985–1989) 
Prior to the 1986–87 season, Abdul-Jabbar gained , reaching close to , to compete against the growing number of 7-footers (2.1 m) in the league. The Lakers advanced to the NBA Finals in each of his final three seasons, defeating Boston in 1987, and Detroit in 1988. The Lakers lost to the Pistons in a four-game sweep in his final season.  After winning Game 7 of the 1988 finals, the 41-year-old Abdul-Jabbar announced in the locker room that he would return for one more season before retiring. His points, rebounds, and minutes had dropped in his 19th season, and there were reports prior to the game that he was retiring after the contest. On his "retirement tour" he received standing ovations at games, both home and away, and gifts ranging from a yacht that said "Captain Skyhook" to framed jerseys from his career to a Persian rug. At the Forum against Seattle in his final regular season game, every Laker came onto the court wearing Abdul-Jabbar's trademark goggles.

At the time of his retirement, Abdul-Jabbar held the record for most career games played in the NBA; this would later be broken by Robert Parish. He also was the all-time record holder for most points (38,387), most field goals made (15,837), and most minutes played (57,446).

Coaching career 
In 1995, Abdul-Jabbar began expressing an interest in coaching and imparting knowledge from his playing days. His opportunities were limited despite the success he enjoyed during his playing days. During his playing years, Abdul-Jabbar had developed a reputation for being introverted and sullen. He was often unfriendly with the media. His sensitivity and shyness created a perception of him being aloof and surly. At the time, his mentality was that he either did not have the time or did not owe anything to anyone. Magic Johnson recalled as a kid being brushed off after asking him for an autograph. Abdul-Jabbar might freeze out a reporter if they touched him, and he once refused to stop reading the newspaper while giving an interview.

Abdul-Jabbar had spent most of his career with a reserved attitude towards media attention (since he did not have to deal with it as a star at UCLA) before he softened up near the end of his career. Abdul-Jabbar said: "I didn't understand that I also had affected people that way and that's what it was all about. I always saw it like they were trying to pry. I was way too suspicious and I paid a price for it." However, he believes it was his reputation as a "difficult person", alongside his attempts at trying to break into coaching while nearing the age of fifty, that affected his chances of becoming a head coach within the NBA or NCAA.

Abdul-Jabbar worked as an assistant for the Los Angeles Clippers and the Seattle SuperSonics, helping mentor, among others, their young centers, Michael Olowokandi and Jerome James. Abdul-Jabbar was the head coach of the Oklahoma Storm of the United States Basketball League in 2002, leading the team to the league's championship that season, but he failed to land the head coaching position at Columbia University a year later. He then worked as a scout for the New York Knicks. He returned to the Lakers as a special assistant coach to Phil Jackson for six seasons (2005–2011). Early on, he mentored their young center, Andrew Bynum. Abdul-Jabbar also served as a volunteer coach at Alchesay High School on the Fort Apache Indian Reservation in Whiteriver, Arizona, in 1998. He moved on from coaching in 2013 after unsuccessfully lobbying for open head coach positions with UCLA and the Milwaukee Bucks.

Player profile
On offense, Abdul-Jabbar was a dominant low-post threat. In contrast to other low-post specialists like Wilt Chamberlain, Artis Gilmore or Shaquille O'Neal, Abdul-Jabbar was a relatively slender player, standing  tall while weighing around  to , although he bulked to  in 1986; in his early years, he used that frame for agility and speed while in later years he utilized a bigger frame for trying to guard under the basket. He was famous for his ambidextrous skyhook shot. It contributed to his high .559 field goal accuracy, making him the eighth-most accurate scorer of all time and a feared clutch shooter.

Abdul-Jabbar maintained a dominant presence on defense. He was selected to the NBA All-Defensive Team eleven times. He frustrated opponents with his superior shot-blocking ability and denied an average of 2.6 shots a game. After the pounding he endured early in his career, his rebounding average fell to between six or eight a game in his latter years. As a teammate, Abdul-Jabbar exuded natural leadership and was affectionately called "Cap" or "Captain" by his colleagues. He had an even temperament, which Riley said made him coachable. A strict fitness regime made him one of the most durable players of all time. In 1985–86, Abdul-Jabbar broke the previous NBA record of 16 seasons held by Dolph Schayes, John Havlicek, Paul Silas, and Elvin Hayes; he finished his career with a then-record 20 seasons played. In the NBA, his 20 seasons and 1,560 games are performances surpassed only by former Celtics center Robert Parish.

Abdul-Jabbar began wearing his trademark goggles after getting poked in the eye during preseason in 1975. He continued wearing them for years until abandoning them in the 1979 playoffs. He resumed wearing goggles in October 1980 after being accidentally poked in the right eye by Houston's Rudy Tomjanovich.  After years of being jabbed in the eyes, Abdul-Jabbar developed corneal erosion syndrome, occasionally experiencing pain when his eyes dry up. He missed three games in December 1986 due to the condition.

Skyhook
Abdul-Jabbar was well known for his trademark "skyhook", a hook shot in which he bent his entire body (rather than just the arm) like a straw in one fluid motion to raise the ball and then release it at the highest point of his arm's arching motion. With his long arms and great height, the skyhook was difficult for a defender to block without committing a goaltending violation. As a right-handed player, he was stronger shooting the skyhook with his right hand than he was with his left, although he was adept at shooting it with either hand, making it a reliable and feared offensive weapon. According to Abdul-Jabbar, he learned the move in fifth grade after practicing with the Mikan Drill and soon learned to value it, as it was "the only shot I could use that didn't get smashed back in my face".

Legacy
Abdul-Jabbar is the NBA's all-time leading scorer with 38,387 points, and he won a league-record six MVP awards. He earned six championship rings, two Finals MVP awards, 15 NBA First or Second Teams, a record 19 NBA All-Star call-ups and averaging 24.6 points, 11.2 rebounds, 3.6 assists and 2.6 blocks per game. He is ranked as the NBA's third leading all-time rebounder (17,440). He is also the third all-time in registered blocks (3,189), which is especially impressive because this stat was not recorded until the fourth year of his career (1974).

Abdul-Jabbar combined dominance during his career peak with the longevity and sustained excellence of his later years. He credited Bruce Lee with teaching him "the discipline and spirituality of martial arts, which was greatly responsible for me being able to play competitively in the NBA for 20 years with very few injuries." After claiming his sixth and final MVP in 1980, Abdul-Jabbar continued to average above 20 points in the following six seasons, including 23 points per game in his 17th season at age 38. He was named to the NBA's 35th, 50th and 75th anniversary teams.

Abdul-Jabbar is regarded as one of the best centers ever, and league experts and basketball legends frequently mentioned him when considering the greatest player of all time. Former Lakers coach Pat Riley once said, "Why judge anymore? When a man has broken records, won championships, endured tremendous criticism and responsibility, why judge? Let's toast him as the greatest player ever." Isiah Thomas remarked, "If they say the numbers don't lie, then Kareem is the greatest ever to play the game." Julius Erving in 2013 said, "In terms of players all-time, Kareem is still the number one guy. He's the guy you gotta start your franchise with." In 2015, ESPN named Abdul-Jabbar the best center in NBA history, and ranked him No. 2 behind Michael Jordan among the greatest NBA players ever. While Jordan's shots were enthralling and considered unfathomable, Abdul-Jabbar's skyhook appeared automatic, and he himself called the shot "unsexy". Abdul-Jabbar's only recognized rookie card became the most expensive basketball card ever sold when it went for $501,900 at auction in 2016. That record has since been surpassed.

NBA career statistics

Regular season

|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 
| style="text-align:left;"| Milwaukee
| style="background:#cfecec;"|82* ||  || 43.1 || .518 ||  || .653 || 14.5 || 4.1 ||  ||  || 28.8
|-
| style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;"|†
| style="text-align:left;"| Milwaukee
| 82 ||  || 40.1 || .577 ||  || .690 || 16.0 || 3.3 ||  ||  ||style="background-color:#cfecec"| 31.7*
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 
| style="text-align:left;"| Milwaukee
| 81 ||  || 44.2 || .574 ||  || .689 || 16.6 || 4.6 ||  ||  ||style="background-color:#cfecec"| 34.8*
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 
| style="text-align:left;"| Milwaukee
| 76 ||  || 42.8 || .554 ||  || .713 || 16.1 || 5.0 ||  ||  || 30.2
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 
| style="text-align:left;"| Milwaukee
| 81 ||  || 43.8 || .539 ||  || .702 || 14.5 || 4.8 || 1.4 || 3.5 || 27.0
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 
| style="text-align:left;"| Milwaukee
| 65 ||  || 42.3 || .513 ||  || .763 || 14.0 || 4.1 || 1.0 ||style="background-color:#cfecec"| 3.3* || 30.0
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 82 ||  || 41.2 || .529 ||  || .703 ||style="background-color:#cfecec"| 16.9* || 5.0 || 1.5 ||style="background-color:#cfecec"| 4.1* || 27.7
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 82 ||  || 36.8 ||style="background-color:#cfecec"| .579* ||  || .701 || 13.3 || 3.9 || 1.2 || 3.2 || 26.2
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 62 ||  || 36.5 || .550 ||  || .783 || 12.9 || 4.3 || 1.7 || 3.0 || 25.8
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 80 ||  || 39.5 || .577 ||  || .736 || 12.8 || 5.4 || 1.0 ||style="background-color:#cfecec"| 4.0* || 23.8
|-
| style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;"|†
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 82 ||  || 38.3 || .604 || .000 || .765 || 10.8 || 4.5 || 1.0 ||style="background-color:#cfecec"| 3.4* || 24.8
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 80 ||  || 37.2 || .574 || .000 || .766 || 10.3 || 3.4 || .7 || 2.9 || 26.2
|-
| style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;"|†
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 76 || 76 || 35.2 || .579 || .000 || .706 || 8.7 || 3.0 || .8 || 2.7 || 23.9
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 79 || 79 || 32.3 || .588 || .000 || .749 || 7.5 || 2.5 || .8 || 2.2 || 21.8
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 80 || 80 || 32.8 || .578 || .000 || .723 || 7.3 || 2.6 || .7 || 1.8 || 21.5
|-
| style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;"|†
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 79 || 79 || 33.3 || .599 || .000 || .732 || 7.9 || 3.2 || .8 || 2.1 || 22.0
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 79 || 79 || 33.3 || .564 || .000 || .765 || 6.1 || 3.5 || .8 || 1.6 || 23.4
|-
| style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;"|†
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 78 || 78 || 31.3 || .564 || .333 || .714 || 6.7 || 2.6 || .6 || 1.2 || 17.5
|-
| style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;"|†
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 80 || 80 || 28.9 || .532 || .000 || .762 || 6.0 || 1.7 || .6 || 1.2 || 14.6
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 74 || 74 || 22.9 || .475 || .000 || .739 || 4.5 || 1.0 || .5 || 1.1 || 10.1
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2| Career
| 1,560 || 625 || 36.8 || .559 || .056 || .721 || 11.2 || 3.6 || .9 || 2.6 || 24.6
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2| All-Star
|bgcolor="EOCEF2" | 19 || 13 || 24.9 || .493 || .000 || .820 || 8.3 || 2.8 || .4 || bgcolor="EOCEF2"|2.1 || 13.9

Playoffs

|-
| style="text-align:left;"|1970
| style="text-align:left;"| Milwaukee
| 10 ||  || 43.5 || .567 ||  || .733 || 16.8 || 4.1 ||  ||  || 35.2
|-
| style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;"| 1971†
| style="text-align:left;"| Milwaukee
| 14 ||  || 41.2 || .515 ||  || .673 || 17.0 || 2.5 ||  ||  || 26.6
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 1972
| style="text-align:left;"| Milwaukee
| 11 ||  || 46.4 || .437 ||  || .704 || 18.2 || 5.1 ||  ||  || 28.7
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 1973
| style="text-align:left;"| Milwaukee
| 6 ||  || 46.0 || .428 ||  || .543 || 16.2 || 2.8 ||  ||  || 22.8
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 1974
| style="text-align:left;"| Milwaukee
| 16 ||  ||47.4 || .557 ||  || .736 || 15.8 || 4.9 || 1.3 || 2.4 || 32.2
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 1977
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 11 ||  || 42.5 || .607 ||  || .725 || 17.7 || 4.1 || 1.7 || 3.5 || 34.6
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 1978
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 3 ||  || 44.7 || .521 ||  || .556 || 13.7 || 3.7 || .7 || 4.0 || 27.0
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|1979
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 8 ||  || 45.9 || .579 ||  || .839 || 12.6 || 4.8 || 1.0 || 4.1 || 28.5
|-
| style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;"| 1980†
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 15 ||  || 41.2 || .572 ||  || .790 || 12.1 || 3.1 || 1.1 || 3.9 || 31.9
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|1981
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 3 ||  || 44.7 || .462 ||  || .714 || 16.7 || 4.0 || 1.0 || 2.7 || 26.7
|-
| style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;"| 1982†
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 14 ||  || 35.2 || .520 ||  || .632 || 8.5 || 3.6 || 1.0 || 3.2 || 20.4
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 1983
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 15 ||  || 39.2 || .568 || .000 || .755 || 7.7 || 2.8 || 1.1 || 3.7 || 27.1
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|1984
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 21 ||  || 36.5 || .555 ||  || .750 || 8.2 || 3.8 || 1.1 || 2.1 || 23.9
|-
| style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;"| 1985†
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 19 || 19 || 32.1 || .560 ||  || .777 || 8.1 || 4.0 || 1.2 || 1.9 || 21.9
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|1986
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 14 || 14 || 34.9 || .557 ||  || .787 || 5.9 || 3.5 || 1.1 || 1.7 || 25.9
|-
| style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;"|1987†
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 18 || 18 || 31.1 || .530 || .000 || .795 || 6.8 || 2.0 || .4 || 1.9 || 19.2
|-
| style="text-align:left;background:#afe6ba;"| 1988†
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 24 || 24 || 29.9 || .464 || .000 || .789 || 5.5 || 1.5 || .6 || 1.5 || 14.1
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 1989
| style="text-align:left;"| L.A. Lakers
| 15 || 15 || 23.4 || .463 ||  || .721 || 3.9 || 1.3 || .3 || .7 || 11.1
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2| Career
| 237 || 90 || 37.3 || .533 || .000 || .740 || 10.5 || 3.2 || 1.0 || 2.4 || 24.3

Athletic honors

 Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (May 15, 1995)
 College:
 2× Associated Press College Basketball Player of the Year (1967, 1969)
 2× Oscar Robertson Trophy winner (1967, 1968)
 2× UPI College Basketball Player of the Year (1967, 1969)
 3× Consensus first-team All-American (1967–1969)
 3× NCAA champion (1967–1969)
 3× NCAA Tournament Most Outstanding Player (1967–1969)
 Naismith College Player of the Year (1969)
 3× First-team All-Pac-8 (1967–1969)
 National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame (2007)
 National Basketball Association:
 Rookie of the Year (1970)
 6× NBA champion (1971, 1980, 1982, 1985, 1987, 1988)
 6× NBA MVP (1971, 1972, 1974, 1976, 1977, 1980)
 6× Sporting News NBA MVP (1971, 1972, 1974, 1976, 1977, 1980)
 2× Finals MVP (1971, 1985)
 Sports Illustrated magazine's "Sportsman of the Year" (1985)
 One of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History (1996)
 Elected to the NBA 75th Anniversary Team (2021)
 November 16, 2012 – a statue of Abdul-Jabbar was unveiled in front of Staples Center in Los Angeles

Film and television

Playing in Los Angeles facilitated Abdul-Jabbar's trying his hand at acting.
He made his film debut in Bruce Lee's 1972 film Game of Death, in which his character Hakim fights Billy Lo (played by Lee).

In 1980, he played co-pilot Roger Murdock in Airplane!. Abdul-Jabbar has a scene in which a little boy looks at him and remarks that he is in fact Abdul-Jabbar, spoofing the appearance of football star Elroy "Crazylegs" Hirsch as an airplane pilot in the 1957 drama that served as the inspiration for Airplane!, Zero Hour!. Staying in character, Abdul-Jabbar states that he is merely Roger Murdock, an airline co-pilot, but the boy continues to insist that Abdul-Jabbar is "the greatest", but that, according to his father, he doesn't "work hard on defense" and that he does not "really try, except during the playoffs". This causes Abdul-Jabbar's character to snap, "The hell I don't!", then grabs the boy and snarls that he has "been hearing that crap ever ever since I was at UCLA" and been "busting my buns every night!". He instructs the boy to "Tell your old man old man to drag [Bill] Walton and [Bob] Lanier up and down the court for 48 minutes". When Murdock loses consciousness later in the film, he collapses at the controls wearing Abdul-Jabbar's goggles and yellow Lakers' shorts. In 2014, Abdul-Jabbar and  Airplane! co-star Robert Hays (character Ted Striker) reprised their Airplane! roles in a parody commercial promoting Wisconsin tourism.

Abdul-Jabbar has had numerous other television and film appearances, often playing himself. He has had roles in movies such as Fletch, Troop Beverly Hills and Forget Paris, and television series such as Full House, Living Single, Amen, Everybody Loves Raymond, Martin, Diff'rent Strokes (his height humorously contrasted with that of diminutive child star Gary Coleman), The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air, Scrubs, 21 Jump Street, Emergency!, Man from Atlantis, and New Girl. Abdul-Jabbar played a genie in a lamp in a 1984 episode of Tales from the Darkside. He also played himself on the February 10, 1994, episode of the sketch comedy television series In Living Color.

He also appeared in the television version of Stephen King's The Stand, played the Archangel of Basketball in Slam Dunk Ernest, and had a brief non-speaking cameo appearance in BASEketball. Abdul-Jabbar was also the co-executive producer of the 1994 TV film The Vernon Johns Story. He has also made appearances on The Colbert Report, in a 2006 skit called "HipHopKetball II: The ReJazzebration Remix '06" and in 2008 as a stage manager who is sent out on a mission to find Nazi gold. Abdul-Jabbar also voiced himself in a 2011 episode of The Simpsons titled "Love Is a Many Strangled Thing". He had a recurring role as himself on the NBC series Guys with Kids, which aired from 2012 to 2013. On Al Jazeera English he expressed his desire to be remembered not just as a player, but also as somebody who used their mind and made other contributions.

In February 2019, he appeared in season 12 episode 16 of The Big Bang Theory, "The D&D Vortex".

Abdul-Jabbar made a guest appearance as himself in a season 2 episode of Dave. The episode he appeared in was also named after him.

Writing

In September 2018, Abdul-Jabbar was announced as one of the writers for the July 2019 revival of Veronica Mars.

Documentaries

On February 10, 2011, Abdul-Jabbar debuted his film On the Shoulders of Giants, documenting the tumultuous journey of the famed yet often-overlooked Harlem Renaissance professional basketball team, at Science Park High School in Newark, New Jersey. The event was simulcast live throughout the school, city, and state.

In 2015, he appeared in an HBO documentary on his life, Kareem: Minority of One.

In 2020, Abdul-Jabbar was the executive producer and narrator of the History channel special Black Patriots: Heroes of the Revolution. He was nominated for an Emmy Award for his narration.

Reality television

Abdul-Jabbar participated in the 2013 ABC reality series Splash, a celebrity diving competition.

In April 2018, Abdul-Jabbar competed in the all-athlete season of season 26 of Dancing with the Stars and partnered with professional dancer Lindsay Arnold.

Writing and activism

Abdul-Jabbar became a best-selling author and cultural critic. He published several books, mostly on African-American history. His first book, his autobiography Giant Steps, was written in 1983 with co-author Peter Knobler. The book's title is an homage to jazz great John Coltrane, referring to his album Giant Steps. Others include On the Shoulders of Giants: My Journey Through the Harlem Renaissance, co-written with Raymond Obstfeld, and Brothers in Arms: The Epic Story of the 761st Tank Battalion, World War II's Forgotten Heroes, co-written with Anthony Walton, which is a history of the first black armored unit to fight in World War II.

Abdul-Jabbar has also been a regular contributor to discussions about issues of race and religion, among other topics, in national magazines and on television. He has written a regular column for Time, for example, and he appeared on Meet the Press on Sunday, January 25, 2015, to talk about a recent column, which pointed out that Islam should not be blamed for the actions of violent extremists, just as Christianity has not been blamed for the actions of violent extremists who profess Christianity. When asked about being Muslim, he said: "I don't have any misgiving about my faith. I'm very concerned about the people who claim to be Muslims that are murdering people and creating all this mayhem in the world. That is not what Islam is about, and that should not be what people think of when they think about Muslims. But it's up to all of us to do something about all of it."

In November 2014, Abdul-Jabbar published an essay in Jacobin magazine calling for just compensation for college athletes, writing, "in the name of fairness, we must bring an end to the indentured servitude of college athletes and start paying them what they are worth."

Commenting on Donald Trump's 2017 travel ban, he strongly condemned it, saying, "The absence of reason and compassion is the very definition of pure evil because it is a rejection of our sacred values, distilled from millennia of struggle."

Government appointments

Cultural ambassador

In January 2012, United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton announced that Abdul-Jabbar had accepted a position as a cultural ambassador for the United States. During the announcement press conference, Abdul-Jabbar commented on the historical legacy of African-Americans as representatives of U.S. culture: "I remember when Louis Armstrong first did it back for President Kennedy, one of my heroes. So it's nice to be following in his footsteps." As part of this role, Abdul-Jabbar has traveled to Brazil to promote education for local youths.

President's Council on Fitness, Sports, and Nutrition
Former President Barack Obama announced in his last days of office that he has appointed Abdul-Jabbar along with Gabrielle Douglas and Carli Lloyd to the President's Council on Fitness, Sports, and Nutrition.

Citizens Coinage Advisory Committee
In January 2017, Abdul-Jabbar was appointed to the Citizens Coinage Advisory Committee by United States Secretary of the Treasury Steven Mnuchin. According to the United States Mint, Abdul-Jabbar is a keen coin collector whose interest in the life of Alexander Hamilton had led him into the hobby. He resigned in 2018 due to what the Mint described as "increasing personal obligations".

Personal life

Abdul-Jabbar met Habiba Abdul-Jabbar (born Janice Brown) at a Lakers game during his senior year at UCLA. They eventually married and together had three children: daughters Habiba and Sultana and son Kareem Jr., who played basketball at Western Kentucky after attending Valparaiso. Abdul-Jabbar and Janice divorced in 1978. He has another son, Amir, with Cheryl Pistono. Another son, Adam, made an appearance on the TV sitcom Full House with him.

In 2016, Abdul-Jabbar performed a tribute to friend Muhammad Ali along with Chance the Rapper.

Religion and name
At age 24 in 1971, he converted to Islam and became Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, which means "noble one, servant of the Almighty." He was named by Hamaas Abdul Khaalis. Abdul-Jabbar purchased and donated 7700 16th Street NW, a house in Washington, D.C., for Khaalis to use as the Hanafi Madh-Hab Center. Eventually, Kareem "found that [he] disagreed with some of Hamaas' teachings about the Quran, and [they] parted ways." He then studied the Quran on his own, and "emerged from this pilgrimage with my beliefs clarified and my faith renewed." Abdul-Jabbar was also heavily influenced by Malcolm X, a leader of the Nation of Islam. Abdul-Jabbar was invited to join the group, but he refused.

Abdul-Jabbar has spoken about the thinking that was behind his name change when he converted to Islam. He stated that he was "latching on to something that was part of my heritage, because many of the slaves who were brought here were Muslims. My family was brought to America by a French planter named Alcindor, who came here from Trinidad in the 18th century. My people were Yoruba, and their culture survived slavery...  My father found out about that when I was a kid, and it gave me all I needed to know that, hey, I was somebody, even if nobody else knew about it. When I was a kid, no one would believe anything positive that you could say about black people. And that's a terrible burden on black people, because they don't have an accurate idea of their history, which has been either suppressed or distorted." His name change further eroded his public image in the United States, mostly in white areas.

In 1998, Abdul-Jabbar reached a settlement after he sued Miami Dolphins running back Karim Abdul-Jabbar (now Abdul-Karim al-Jabbar, born Sharmon Shah) because he felt Karim was profiting off the name he made famous by having the Abdul-Jabbar moniker and number 33 on his Dolphins jersey. As a result, the younger Abdul-Jabbar had to change his jersey nameplate to simply "Abdul" while playing for the Dolphins. The football player had also been an athlete at UCLA.

Health problems
Abdul-Jabbar suffers from migraines, and his use of cannabis to reduce the symptoms has had legal ramifications.

In November 2009, Abdul-Jabbar announced that he was suffering from a form of leukemia, Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia, a cancer of the blood and bone marrow. The disease was diagnosed in December 2008, but Abdul-Jabbar said his condition could be managed by taking oral medication daily, seeing his specialist every other month and having his blood analyzed regularly. He expressed in a 2009 press conference that he did not believe that the illness would stop him from leading a normal life. Abdul-Jabbar is now a spokesman for Novartis, the company that produces his cancer medication, Gleevec.

In February 2011, Abdul-Jabbar announced via Twitter that his leukemia was gone and he was "100% cancer free". A few days later, he clarified his misstatement. "You're never really cancer-free and I should have known that," Abdul-Jabbar said. "My cancer right now is at an absolute minimum."

In April 2015, Abdul-Jabbar was admitted to hospital when he was diagnosed with cardiovascular disease. Later that week, on his 68th birthday, he underwent quadruple coronary bypass surgery at the UCLA Medical Center.

Non-athletic honors
In 2016, Abdul-Jabbar was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by outgoing U.S. President Barack Obama.

In 2011, Abdul-Jabbar was awarded the Double Helix Medal for his work in raising awareness for cancer research. Also in 2011, Abdul-Jabbar received an honorary degree from New York Institute of Technology.

In 2020, Abdul-Jabbar was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Narrator for his work on the documentary special Black Patriots: Heroes of The Revolution.

Works

Books

 Kareem, with Mignon McCarthy (1990) 
 Selected from Giant Steps (Writers' Voices) (1999) 
 Black Profiles in Courage: A Legacy of African-American Achievement, with Alan Steinberg (1996) 
 A Season on the Reservation: My Sojourn with the White Mountain Apaches, with Stephen Singular (2000) 
 Brothers in Arms: The Epic Story of the 761st Tank Battalion, World War II's Forgotten Heroes with Anthony Walton (2004) 
 On the Shoulders of Giants: My Journey Through the Harlem Renaissance with Raymond Obstfeld (2007) 
 What Color Is My World? The Lost History of African American Inventors with Raymond Obstfeld (2012) 
 Streetball Crew Book One Sasquatch in the Paint with Raymond Obstfeld (2013) 
 Streetball Crew Book Two Stealing the Game with Raymond Obstfeld (2015) 
 Mycroft Holmes with Anna Waterhouse (September 2015) 
 Writings on the Wall: Searching for a New Equality Beyond Black and White with Raymond Obstfeld (2016) 
 Coach Wooden and Me: Our 50-Year Friendship On and Off the Court (2017) 
 Becoming Kareem: Growing Up On and Off the Court (2017) 
 
 Mycroft and Sherlock with Anna Waterhouse (October 9, 2018) 
 Mycroft and Sherlock: The Empty Birdcage with Anna Waterhouse (September 24, 2019)

Audio book
 On the Shoulders of Giants: An Audio Journey Through the Harlem Renaissance 8-CD Set Vol. 1–4, with Avery Brooks, Jesse L. Martin, Maya Angelou, Herbie Hancock, Billy Crystal, Charles Barkley, James Worthy, Julius Erving, Jerry West, Clyde Drexler, Bill Russell, Coach John Wooden, Stanley Crouch, Quincy Jones and other chart-topping musicians, as well as legendary actors and performers such as Samuel L. Jackson. (2008)

References

External links

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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In basketball, basket interference is the violation of (a) touching the ball or any part of the basket (including the net) while the ball is on the rim of the basket, (b) touching the ball when it is within the cylinder extending upwards from the rim, (c) reaching up through the basket from below and touching the ball, whether it is inside or outside the cylinder, or (d) pulling down on the rim of the basket so that it contacts the ball before returning to its original position, or during a shot attempt. How the ball gets into the cylinder or onto the basket is irrelevant under high school and NCAA rules; e.g., a pass touched within the cylinder is basket interference, even though such a play may not score a goal. This similar play under (W)NBA rules would not be basket interference.

There is one exception to the above: if a player dunks the ball, they may maintain contact with the ball into the cylinder or grab the rim (momentarily) without penalty. 

When a basket interference violation is called against the defending team, the shooting team is awarded the points for the field goal as if it had been made. When a basket interference violation is called against the shooting team, no points are scored and the ball is given to the defending team.
 
Basket interference and goaltending are the only violations in basketball for which points are automatically awarded.

FIBA has rules on basket interference. FIBA Art.31.2.4 (2014) – interference occurs under certain conditions when a player touches the ball, basket, rim, or backboard in a motion that "the ball has been prevented from entering the basket or has been caused to enter the basket."

References

Basketball penalties Space Jam is a 1996 pinball machine released by Sega Pinball.  It is based on the film of the same name.

Features 
The Space Jam pinball machine had many noteworthy features that make up its pinball experience. On the main playfield, there are six red arrows pointing to critical targets. From left to right, they are as follows: Left Loop, Captive Ball, Basket, Jump Ball, Ramp, and Right Loop. These targets help players complete some of the seven planets surrounding Michael Jordan as well as score jackpots in Multiball mode.

There is also a basket at the end of the launch ramp for skill shot opportunities. Before launching the ball with the plunger, players can choose an award to receive upon a successful skill shot into the launch basket: 300,000 points, Lite Lock / Lock Ball (advances one level up in the Jump Ball), Wabbit Hole (randomly selects a mystery prize or minigame to be played), or Super Pops (increases the bumper threshold's strength). If the player does not make the basket, 50,000 points will still be awarded. However, if the player does make the basket and had selected 300,000 points, Lite Lock / Lock Ball, or Super Pops, he/she will be given a few seconds to earn a super skill shot by shooting the left basket ramp for 10 basketball points.

The coin lock door has 3 buttons. Two of them control the volume, while the third opens the Settings Menu. The menu allows players to adjust various settings such as the level of difficulty, frequency of extra ball awards, tilt sensitivity, and lighting. Changing the level of difficulty affects the requirements to unlock certain minigames as well as the time limit to complete certain tasks.

Objectives 
One of the main objectives of Space Jam, like any other pinball game, is to score a lot of points by manipulating the ball's movements on the playfield with the flippers to hit various targets. A second but important objective of the game is to enter Final Jam mode, which helps increase players' scores significantly. In order to lite Final Jam, players must complete the seven planets that surround Michael Jordan in the middle of the playfield: Fast Break, Fire, In Yer Face, Rebounds, Slam, Space Jam, and Super Jackpot. As soon as all 7 planets are lit, the Final Jam light will blink, signaling players to shoot the basket to play Final Jam. After Final Jam is over, players can attempt to go through this cycle as many times as they can until Ball 3 ends.

Fast Break (Fast Break Minigame) 
To lite the Fast Break planet, players must shoot the Left and Right Loops to complete each of their series of lights. The Left Loop features Road Runner whose famous phrase "Beep! Beep!" is inscribed on the 4 yellow lights. The Right Loop has the Tasmanian Devil; rather than words, random symbols particularly used to censor inappropriate language are written on the 4 yellow lights. When the final light is complete, the Fast Break minigame will begin.

The Fast Break minigame requires players to shoot the Ramp as many times as possible within a certain amount of time, which is indicated not by seconds but by the jackpot counter. The jackpot starts at 200,000 and works its way up to 700,000. The game ends 5 seconds after the jackpot stops at 700,000.

Fire (On Fire Minigame) 
To lite the Fire planet, players must shoot the Ramp four times to spell F-I-R-E. As soon as the E is complete, the Basket arrow will flash, and the sirens will indicate the beginning of the On Fire minigame.

The objective of On Fire is to shoot the Basket as many times as possible within 24 seconds. The first shot is worth 50,000 points, the second is worth 150,000, the third is worth 250,000, and so on. In addition to these points, players can earn 10 basketball points for each shot made and advance closer toward the 300,000 and Extra Ball Lit bonuses.

The requirements to get another On Fire increase in difficulty each time the minigame is played. The player has a limited time to spell F-I-R-E before each letter disappears. The letters disappear more quickly after the player has played On Fire multiple times.

In Yer Face (In Yer Face Minigame) 
There are two ways to lite the In Yer Face planet. The first is shooting the Captive Ball 3 times during regular play to complete the In-Yer-Face lights. The second way is playing the In Yer Face minigame. To enter this game, players can hit the three drop targets near the Pop Bumpers; they have pictures of Sylvester, Tweety Bird, and Lola. Hitting all 3 of them will make a Monstar appear. Initially, players must make 2 Monstars appear to play the minigame. After the minigame is over, players must make 1 additional Monstar appear in order to play the game again.

The objective of the In Yer Face minigame is to shoot the Captive Ball 3 times within 30 seconds. The first shot is worth 200,000 points, the second is worth 300,000, and the last is worth 400,000 points. Unlike the On Fire minigame, players cannot earn basketball points for each Captive Ball shot. However, if the player can shoot the Captive Ball 3 times before time is up, an Extra Ball Lit will be awarded. Afterwards, he/she can shoot the back of the Jump Ball to activate the Extra Ball.

Rebounds (Super Pops) 
To lite the Rebounds planet, players must hit the Pop Bumpers a certain number of times. Players can increase their chances of getting Rebounds by selecting Super Pops prior to launching the ball. Super Pops enhances the strength of the bumpers, which will usually keep the ball inside the threshold for a longer period of time than under normal conditions. During Super Pops, the orange lights on top of the 3 bumpers will blink.

The first Rebounds award is worth 100,000. Each successive award adds 100,000 to the previous amount. Players will know they have achieved the award when they see a large piece of metal fall on Daffy Duck's head on the screen and hear him say, "You're despicable!"

Slam (Bonus Multiplier) 
To lite the Slam planet, players must lite the S-L-A-M lanes located near the flippers. Players can rotate the configuration of the lights with the flipper buttons in order to allow the ball to pass over an unlit lane. When the fourth light is complete, the End-of-Ball Bonus will be doubled. Each successive completion will increase the multiplier by 1 until the multiplier reaches its maximum of 6. An Extra Ball Lit will be awarded to the player who can get the multiplier to 6 within one ball of play. Even if a player can get the multiplier to 6 in another ball, the Extra Ball Lit will not be awarded again; it occurs only once per game. After the maximum multiplier is attained, each successive Slam completion will add 200,000 points to the player's score. The multiplier resets to 1 for the next ball or extra ball.

Space Jam (Super Jam Minigame) 
To lite the Space Jam planet, players must hit the tiny basketball targets on the side of the playfield to spell S-P-A-C-E J-A-M. Once the final target is hit, all 6 red arrows will flash, and the player thus enters the Super Jam minigame.

In Super Jam, players have to complete the 6 shots in any order within 30 seconds. The first shot is worth 50,000 points, the second is 150,000, the third 250,000, the fourth, 350,000, the fifth 450,000, and the sixth 550,000. In all the timed minigames, the clock pauses whenever the ball hits the Pop Bumper threshold.

Super Jackpot (Multiball Mode) 
To lite the Super Jackpot planet, players must enter Multiball mode and complete the series of jackpots. To enter Multiball, players can shoot the Wabbit Hole where Bugs Bunny randomly chooses from a list of 3 events, or they can lock all 3 balls in the Jump Ball. When Multiball begins, there will be a total of 3 balls on the playfield. In order to keep playing Multiball, players must keep at least 2 of the balls on the playfield at all times. As soon as 1 ball remains, Multiball ends. Each Multiball attempt increases the number of times a player must shoot the Jump Ball to lock 3 balls and activate Multiball.

The jackpot starts at 500,000 points and increases by 2,000 for any target the balls hit on the playfield. The jackpot also increases by the same amount each time a ball passes over the lane sensors. The first target players must shoot is either the Ramp (for a regular jackpot) or the Basket (for a doubled jackpot). If the player loses 2 of the 3 balls prior to clearing either shot, there will be a timed opportunity to shoot the Jump Ball for a Multiball Restart. During the restart, players will have only 2 balls instead of 3 to make it easier. Failing to shoot the Jump Ball before time expires will end Multiball. Note: harder difficulty levels (as adjusted in the pinball's settings) do not have Multiball Restart.

After either the Basket or the Ramp is cleared, the arrows will change their configuration and flash toward the Left Loop, Jump Ball, and Right Loop. Once these shots are cleared, an arrow will flash toward the Captive Ball for the Super Jackpot. The Super Jackpot is double the value of the jackpot last attained (from either the Left Loop, Jump Ball, or Right Loop). If the player successfully shoots the Captive Ball, the Super Jackpot will be awarded, and the corresponding planet will be complete, advancing the player one step closer to Final Jam. Interestingly, if Multiball ends during the Super Jackpot attempt, the blue "Super Jackpot" arrow pointing toward the Captive Ball will flash for 4 seconds, giving players a chance to get the Super Jackpot despite not being in Multiball.
 
There is yet another jackpot after Super Jackpot. Players must shoot the Ramp to lite Super Duper Jackpot, which is triple the value of the Super Jackpot earned. Upon shooting the Ramp, players will be given a certain amount of time (depending on the pinball's difficulty settings) to shoot the Super Duper Jackpot target, which is a small red square behind the Pop Bumpers in the back of the playfield. If the player fails to achieve the Super Duper Jackpot in the allotted time, he/she can shoot the Ramp again to lite the Super Duper Jackpot target. There is no limit to the number of times a player can lite Super Duper Jackpot as long as 2 or 3 balls are still on the playfield. Moreover, the value of the Super Duper Jackpot increases with each failed attempt. Like Super Jackpot, if Multiball ends while Super Duper Jackpot is lit, players have 4 seconds to shoot the target as indicated by the flashing purple "Super Duper Jackpot" arrow. During Multiball, once the Super Duper Jackpot is earned, another cycle of Multiball begins from the initial jackpot targets (the Basket and the Ramp) valued at 500,000 points. Unlike the first Multiball cycle, where players could shoot either the Basket or the Ramp to advance to the next set of jackpot targets, subsequent cycles require players to shoot both the Basket and the Ramp to continue. Afterwards, the order of the jackpot target configurations is the same as in the first cycle. A player can theoretically play an unlimited number of Multiball cycles and rack up millions of points until he/she only has 1 ball remaining.

At the very beginning of Multiball, players will notice that the shot clock displays a certain amount of time depending on the pinball's difficulty settings. If the player shoots the Basket before time expires, all subsequent jackpots for the first cycle of Multiball will be doubled in value, and the shot clock resets. Shooting the Ramp as the first target, however, will prevent the player from being able to double the jackpot. After successfully doubling the jackpot, the player can now shoot either the Basket or the Ramp before time expires in order to triple the value of all subsequent jackpots. If the player is successful, the shot clock resets once more for a chance to quadruple the value of all subsequent jackpots by shooting either the Basket or the Ramp in the allotted time. It is important to note that when the Left Loop, Jump Ball, and Right Loop are activated after the first successful Basket shot, players must be careful not to shoot these 3 targets while the shot clock is running. Doing so will turn off the shot clock and prevent the player from being able to triple, and subsequently quadruple, the jackpot. Shooting any of the 3 targets after the second successful Basket shot will only prevent the player from being able to quadruple the jackpot. The opportunity to double, triple, and quadruple the jackpot is only found at the beginning of the first cycle of Multiball. It is not available when a player gets a Multiball Restart or begins the next cycle of Multiball following a Super Duper Jackpot.

Final Jam 
After the 7 planets have been lit, players will be allowed to shoot the Basket during regular play to enter Final Jam mode. The objective of Final Jam is to shoot the Basket as many times as possible within 60 seconds to earn points. All 5 balls continuously enter the playfield upon drainage, so the game keeps going until the time runs out. The jackpot starts at 100,000 and increases whenever the balls hit other targets or pass over the lane sensors. Players can double the jackpot for a limited time by shooting either the Wabbit Hole or the Jump Ball. If the Basket is cleared before the shot clock expires, the doubled jackpot will be awarded, the jackpot will return to its previous value, and the ball will exit the Wabbit Hole or Jump Ball. If the player does not shoot the Basket but manages to get a second ball in the unoccupied Wabbit Hole or Jump Ball before the shot clock expires, the jackpot will triple, and there will be extra time on the shot clock. If the player cannot shoot the Basket in time for the doubled or tripled jackpot, the jackpot will return to its previous value, and the balls will be released from the Wabbit Hole and Jump Ball.

After the 60 seconds are up, the pinball will temporarily deactivate the flippers, bumpers, and slingshots until all 5 balls have drained. Regular play resumes with all 7 planets reset.

Other Wabbit Hole Features 
In addition to the minigames associated with some of the Final Jam planets, the Wabbit Hole has plenty of other surprises.

1 on 1 Minigame 
In this minigame, players must try to complete one of four permutations of the 6 main targets within 30 seconds. The first shot is worth 250,000, and each subsequent shot is 100,000 more points. The 4 possible permutations are as follows:

1. Ramp --> Basket --> Right Loop --> Jump Ball --> Left Loop --> Captive Ball

2. Jump Ball --> Basket --> Right Loop --> Ramp --> Left Loop --> Captive Ball

3. Left Loop --> Basket --> Right Loop --> Ramp --> Jump Ball --> Captive Ball

4. Right Loop --> Jump Ball --> Ramp --> Left Loop --> Basket --> Captive Ball

2 on 2 Minigame 
This minigame starts off with 2 balls on the playfield. The game ends when only 1 ball remains. To begin, players must shoot either the Jump Ball or the Ramp for 100,000 points. When one of these is cleared, players must shoot the Basket within 11 seconds, as shown on the shot clock. If the Basket is not cleared within the time limit, players must shoot the Jump Ball or Ramp again for 100,000 to activate the Basket. If the Basket is cleared, 200,000 points will be earned, and a third ball will come out if the original two are still in play. Players must continue this cycle for as long as they can. All Jump Ball or Ramp shots are 100,000, while each Basket shot increases by 50,000 from the base value of 200,000 to the maximum of 500,000 and releases another ball onto the playfield. There can be a maximum of 5 balls in play at the same time for an extreme challenge.

300,000 
If Bugs Bunny selects the 300,000 option, he will award 300,000 points to the player's score. This prize is awarded frequently after most of the other features have already been awarded at least once.

Defense Minigame 
This minigame has 2 phases. In the first, players must shoot at least one of the 3 drop targets located next to the Monstars lights for a set jackpot. The jackpot starts at 420,000 and decreases to 100,000. If none of the drop targets are hit 5 seconds after the 100,000 appears, the minigame ends.

If the drop targets are hit in time, all 6 red arrows will flash, triggering the second phase of the minigame. Players have 20 seconds to shoot any of the 6 targets multiple times. Each shot is worth whatever jackpot was earned when the drop targets were hit.

Extra Ball Lit 
This feature lites the Extra Ball in the back of the Jump Ball for an opportunity to earn an Extra Ball.

Free Game 
A replay is awarded when Bugs Bunny chooses this feature, and an animation plays on the screen.

Full Court Frenzy Minigame 
This minigame is a hybrid of Multiball and Defense. Players will start with 5 balls on the playfield, and they must shoot any of the 6 main targets as indicated by the flashing red arrows to earn points. The game ends when only 1 ball remains. The jackpot starts at 200,000 and increases by 2,500 whenever a ball hits any target on the playfield or passes over the lane sensors. The maximum jackpot is 500,000, and there is no time limit.

Trivia Game 
Unlike most of the other minigames, the Trivia Game is played on the screen. Players must answer one question by selecting one of the two answer choices with the left or right flipper button. Wile E. Coyote awards 300,000 points for the correct answer. Getting the incorrect answer does not affect anything. Questions cover many topics about Michael Jordan such as his height, baseball career, and various achievements.

Video Mode 
Like the Trivia Game, Video Mode is played on the screen. Players must move the basketball hoop with the flipper buttons to the Looney Tunes character making a throw. From left to right, the order is Daffy Duck, Bugs Bunny, Michael Jordan, Sylvester the Cat, and Lola Bunny. The characters take shots slowly at the beginning but start to increase speed as the game continues. Getting all 16 shots is worth 1,000,000 points. Each missed shot costs 250,000 from the million total. A perfect run also plays an animation on the screen where Michael Jordan says, "Nuthin' but net!" The combination of shots is always the same and is as follows:

Daffy --> Michael --> Bugs --> Sylvester --> Lola --> Michael --> Daffy --> Bugs --> Michael --> Sylvester --> Lola --> Bugs --> Michael --> Daffy --> Lola --> Sylvester.

External links 
 IPDB listing for Space Jam
 Pinball Archive rule sheet
 Recent Auction Results for Space Jam

Pinball machines based on films
Sega pinball machines
1996 pinball machines
Space Jam