Elmer Layden Commissioner How did Layden become commissioner? it had been agreed upon by a majority of owners. When did he become commissioner? Layden was appointed commissioner in February 1941. Was he respected as a commissioner? the remaining owners agreed not to renew Layden's contract, feeling that he was too much of a gentleman and not forceful enough.
How much did he earn as commissioner?
How much did Elmer Layden earn as commissioner?
In 1941, the National Football League franchise owners voted to change the league's constitution in an attempt to bring all professional football leagues under the authority of one commissioner, who would have similar powers to that of Commissioner of Baseball Kenesaw Mountain Landis. Chicago Tribune journalist Arch Ward was offered the position of commissioner, but he turned it down and suggested Elmer Layden for the position.  Layden was appointed commissioner in February 1941. His appointment was not voted on by the entire league, which upset owners Alexis Thompson, Bert Bell, and Dan Topping. Chicago Bears owner George Halas contended that Layden's hiring was legal because it had been agreed upon by a majority of owners. Layden was signed to a five-year contract with an annual salary of $20,000.  In five years as Commissioner, Layden saw the NFL through the World War II years, in which teams had to use many men of inferior abilities as replacements while most of the regulars were fighting in the war (as did Major League Baseball). During this period a few teams temporarily merged due to lack of manpower, most notably the Pittsburgh Steelers with the Philadelphia Eagles (who were nicknamed the Steagles). The Cleveland Rams ceased operations for the 1943 season.  As NFL commissioner, Layden had once conducted an investigation into a betting scam, without advising the owners, which did not reveal any conspiracy.  Layden's tenure as NFL commissioner came to an end in January 1946. After Brooklyn owner Dan Topping withdrew his team from the league to join the new All-America Football Conference, the remaining owners agreed not to renew Layden's contract, feeling that he was too much of a gentleman and not forceful enough. Layden was succeeded by Bert Bell. CANNOTANSWER
Layden was signed to a five-year contract with an annual salary of $20,000.
Elmer Francis Layden (May 4, 1903 – June 30, 1973) was an American football player, coach, college athletics administrator, and professional sports executive.  He played college football at the University of Notre Dame where he starred at fullback as a member of the legendary "Four Horsemen" backfield.  Layden played professionally in the original AFL in 1925 and 1926 with three clubs, the Hartford Blues, the Brooklyn Horsemen, and the Rock Island Independents.  He began his coaching career during the same two seasons at Columbia College in Dubuque, Iowa, now known as Loras College.  Layden then served as the head coach at Duquesne University from 1927 to 1933 and at his alma mater, Notre Dame, from 1934 to 1940, where he also held the position of athletic director.  From 1941 to 1946, Layden was the commissioner of the National Football League (NFL).  He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a player in 1951.

Playing career
Layden was born in Davenport, Iowa, where he attended Davenport High School, now Davenport Central High School. At Notre Dame, he played fullback alongside quarterback Harry Stuhldreher, left halfback Jim Crowley, and right halfback Don Miller; the four collectively earned the nickname of "The Four Horsemen of Notre Dame" from legendary sportswriter Grantland Rice, and are still considered one of the best backfields in college football history. Named an All-American during his senior year, Layden culminated his collegiate career in the 1925 Rose Bowl against Stanford, returning two interceptions for touchdowns in Notre Dame's 27–10 victory. The Four Horsemen were reunited for a professional football game in 1925 by the Hartford Blues as they played the Cleveland Bulldogs. The game though resulted in a 13–6 Hartford loss, with the Blues reportedly spending $5,000 on the Horsemen for just one game.

Coaching career
After his playing days, Layden was head football coach at Columbia College (Dubuque, Iowa) in 1925–26, where he compiled an 8–5–2 record.  From 1927 to 1933 he was head coach at Duquesne University in Pittsburgh, going 48–16–6 and winning the 1933 season's Festival of Palms Bowl (a precursor to the Orange Bowl) on New Year's Day, 1934.

Also in 1934, he became head coach and athletic director at Notre Dame, three years after his legendary mentor Knute Rockne was killed in an airplane crash on March 31, 1931.

Layden led the Irish for seven years and posted an overall 47–13–3 docket.  His 1935 squad posted one of the greatest wins in school history by rallying to defeat Ohio State 18–13. His 1938 team finished 8–1, losing only to USC in the season finale. This loss cost them a possible consensus national championship, but the team was named national champion by the Dickinson System.

Like Rockne before him, Layden was a goodwill ambassador for Notre Dame.  He was able to schedule a home-and-home series with Michigan after meeting with Fielding H. Yost, healing a rift between the two schools.  The two teams had not met since 1909, when, after eight straight losses to the Wolverines, the Irish posted their first win.  They were scheduled to meet again in 1910, but Michigan canceled the game and refused to play the Irish again.  By the time they met again in 1942–43, Layden had left Notre Dame and Frank Leahy had taken his place.  Unlike the easygoing Layden, Leahy was intense, and after the Irish had thrashed Michigan by a score of 35–12 in 1943, Wolverine coach and athletic director Fritz Crisler never scheduled the Irish again.

While Layden was a solid, competent coach, he was subjected to criticism during his later years at Notre Dame. Critics felt that his teams played too conservatively and lacked scoring punch. Consequently, it was felt that they lost games they should have won.

Commissioner
In 1941, the National Football League franchise owners voted to change the league's constitution in an attempt to bring all professional football leagues under the authority of one commissioner, who would have similar powers to that of Commissioner of Baseball Kenesaw Mountain Landis. Chicago Tribune journalist Arch Ward was offered the position of commissioner, but he turned it down and suggested Elmer Layden for the position.

Layden was appointed commissioner in February 1941. His appointment was not voted on by the entire league, which upset owners Alexis Thompson, Bert Bell, and Dan Topping. Chicago Bears owner George Halas contended that Layden's hiring was legal because it had been agreed upon by a majority of owners. Layden was signed to a five-year contract with an annual salary of $20,000.

In five years as Commissioner, Layden saw the NFL through the World War II years, in which teams had to use many men of inferior abilities as replacements while most of the regulars were fighting in the war (as did Major League Baseball). During this period a few teams temporarily merged due to lack of manpower, most notably the Pittsburgh Steelers with the Philadelphia Eagles (who were nicknamed the Steagles).  The Cleveland Rams ceased operations for the 1943 season.

As NFL commissioner, Layden had once conducted an investigation into a betting scam, without advising the owners, which did not reveal any conspiracy.

At the end of the war, after Japan announced it would surrender, NFL Commissioner Elmer Layden called for all of the league's teams to play “The Star-Spangled Banner” at their games, arguing, “The National Anthem should be as much a part of every game as the kick-off. We must not drop it simply because the war is over. We should never forget what it stands for.” Prior to this proclamation "The Star-Spangled Banner" had not been officially required to be sung before the start of any NFL games.

Layden's tenure as NFL commissioner came to an end in January 1946. After Brooklyn owner Dan Topping withdrew his team from the league to join the new All-America Football Conference, the remaining owners agreed not to renew Layden's contract, feeling that he was too much of a gentleman and not forceful enough. Layden was succeeded by Bert Bell.

Later years

After leaving the NFL, Layden embarked on a successful business career in Chicago, where he died at the age of 70. He was buried at Calvary Cemetery in Evanston.

He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1951 as a charter member.

Personal life
Layden married Edythe Davis on October 25, 1926.

Head coaching record

References

Sources
 Davis, Jeff (2005). Papa Bear, The Life and Legacy of George Halas. New York: McGraw-Hill 
 DeVito, Carlo (2006). Wellington: the Maras, the Giants, and the City of New York. Chicago: Triumph Books. 
 Layden, Elmer; with Snyder, Ed (1969). It Was a Different Game: The Elmer Layden Story. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey:Prentice-Hall, Inc.
 Littlewood, Thomas B. (1990). Arch : a promoter, not a poet : the story of Arch Ward. Ames,IA:Iowa State University Press. 
 Lyons, Robert S. (2010). On Any Given Sunday, A Life of Bert Bell. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. 
 MacCambridge, Michael (2005). America's Game. New York: Anchor Books 
 Piascik, Andy (2007). The Best Show in Football: The 1946–1955 Cleveland Browns. Lanham, Maryland: Taylor Trade Publishing. 
 Peterson, Robert W. (1997). Pigskin: The Early Years of Pro Football. New York: Oxford University Press. 
 Pervin, Lawrence A. (2009). Football's New York Giants. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland and Company, Inc. 
 Willis, Chris (2010). The Man Who Built the National Football League: Joe F. Carr. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press, Inc.

External links
 
 

1903 births
1973 deaths
American football fullbacks
American men's basketball players
Brooklyn Horsemen players
College men's basketball head coaches in the United States
Duquesne Dukes athletic directors
Duquesne Dukes football coaches
Hartford Blues players
Loras Duhawks football coaches
Loras Duhawks men's basketball coaches
National Football League commissioners
Notre Dame Fighting Irish athletic directors
Notre Dame Fighting Irish football coaches
Notre Dame Fighting Irish football players
Notre Dame Fighting Irish men's basketball players
Notre Dame Fighting Irish men's track and field athletes
Rock Island Independents (AFL) players
All-American college football players
College Football Hall of Fame inductees
Sportspeople from Davenport, Iowa
Coaches of American football from Iowa
Players of American football from Iowa
Basketball coaches from Iowa
Basketball players from Iowa
Track and field athletes from Iowa
Catholics from Iowa
Burials at Calvary Cemetery (Evanston, Illinois)
The Scouter's Key Award is an adult recognition of the Boy Scouts of America.  This award is available across several different program areas and can be earned more than once.

History
In 1927 the Boy Scouts of America began to recognize adult leaders who completed specific training and performance goals over a five-year period of service with the Scoutmaster's Key. In 1948, the award was renamed the Scouter's Key Award and the tenure requirement was changed from five years of service to three years.  The award could now be earned by Cubmasters, Scoutmasters, Senior Scout Advisors and commissioners. The Skipper's Key, created in 1939, was discontinued in 1948 and replaced with the Scouter's Key. The medal emblem was changed from the First Class emblem to the universal emblem. The Skipper's Key was reinstated as a separate award in 2001 using the original medal and knot designs.

Award
The medal is a pendant suspended from a green, white and green ribbon. The current pendant is a Tenderfoot emblem on a keystone, all in a brass colored metal.  Earlier versions had the keystone and emblem created in 10 or 14 karat gold; and with the First Class emblem as opposed to the Tenderfoot emblem. There is a matching certificate, signed by the Chief Scout Executive with spaces for it to be countersigned by the local Council's President and Scout Executive. The cloth square knot insignia is an embroidered green and white square knot on a cloth khaki patch. Multiple awards are denoted by the wear of program devices, worn on the square knot award and the ribbon of the award medal.

Requirements
Requirements vary, depending on position, but all requirements basically amount to creation and/or maintenance of a quality Scouting program, while serving for a period of three years. The award may be earned as a Boy Scout Scoutmaster, Varsity Scout Coach, Venturing Advisor, roundtable commissioner, district commissioner, assistant district commissioner, unit commissioners, council commissioner, assistant council commissioner, district committee chairman, or district committee member.

Cubmaster's Key
 Complete at least three years of registered tenure as a Cubmaster within a five-year period
 Complete basic training for Cubmasters
 Complete This is Scouting training
 Attend a pow wow or University of Scouting (or equivalent), or attend at least four roundtables (or equivalent) during each year of the tenure used for the award
 Achieve at least the Silver level of Journey to Excellence for at least two years (Quality Unit Award is acceptable if the tenure used is prior to 2011)
 Earn the National Summertime Pack Award at least once
 Conduct an annual Pack planning session and have a published Pack meeting/activity schedule of the Pack's parents in each year.
 Participate in one supplemental or advanced training course either at a council, area, region, or national level

Scoutmaster's Key
 Complete Boy Scout Leader Fast Start Training
 Complete New Leader Essentials
 Complete Scoutmaster and Assistant Scoutmaster Specific Training
 Complete Youth Protection Training
 Complete Introduction to Outdoor Leader Skills
 Earn the Boy Scout Leader’s Training Award
 Conduct troop youth leader training three times
 Participate in one supplemental training course either at a local council or national level
 Participate as an adult in youth leader training by either serving on the staff or attending the Scoutmaster orientation session of the national youth leader training conference
 Complete at least three years of registered tenure as a Scoutmaster within a five-year period
 Earn the Boy Scout Troop National Quality Unit Award two times during the three-year period

Varsity Scout Coach's Key
 Complete Varsity Scout Fast Start Training
 Complete New Leader Essentials
 Complete Varsity Coach Leader Specific Training
 Complete Introduction to Outdoor Leader Skills
 Conduct youth leader introduction to leadership training twice
 Participate twice in a team leader seminar
 Participate in one training course beyond Varsity Scout Leader Specific Training (local council or national level experience)
 Complete at least three years of tenure registered as a Varsity Scout Coach within a five-year period
 At least twice during the three-year period, serve as Coach of a Varsity Scout team that earns the National Quality Unit Award

Venturing Advisor's Key
 Complete Venturing Fast Start
 Complete Venturing Leader Basic Training
 Conduct crew officers’ seminars each year for three years
 Conduct at least one Venturing Leadership Skills Course
 Earn the Venturing Leader Training Award
 Complete three years of registered tenure as a Venturing crew Advisor within a five-year period
 Earn the Venturing Crew National Quality Unit Award two times
 Have a crew parents’ night each year

Skipper's Key
 Complete at least three years of registered tenure as a Skipper within a five-year period
 Complete Sea Scout Adult Leader Basic Training
 Complete a NASBLA approved boater safety course
 Attend a university of Scouting (or equivalent), or attend at least four roundtables (or equivalent) during each year of the tenure used for this award
 Achieve at least the Silver level of Journey to Excellence for at least two years
 Conduct annual quarterdeck training and have a published meeting/activity schedule for the ship in each year
 Participate in at least one additional supplemental or advanced training event at the council, area, region, or national level

Unit Commissioner Key
 Complete the three-session training program outlined in the Commissioner Basic Training Manual: "Why Commissioners?", "First Visitation", "Units: The Commissioner’s Greatest Priority", "Second Visitation", "Third visitation" and "How to Help a Unit"
 Complete personal coaching orientation including orientation projects
 Complete 3 years as a registered commissioner within a five-year period
 Earn the Arrowhead Honor Award
 Complete Basic Training
 Visit each assigned unit eight or more times throughout the year
 Fill in and follow up on unit commissioner work sheets or self-assessment forms for each assigned unit
 Conduct membership and leadership inventories in each assigned unit
 Attend six district commissioner staff meetings and provide the training topic for one meeting
 Participate in a charter renewal meeting that results in on-time unit reregistration
 Participate in a charter presentation
 Attend a council commissioner conference or planning conference, or actively participate in a major council event
 Help a unit resolve a specific problem or improve some aspect of their unit operation

Roundtable Commissioner Key
 Complete basic training for Cub Scout, Boy Scout, Venturing roundtable commissioners.
 Complete the three session training program outlined in Commissioner Basic Training Manual.
 Attend a council commissioner conference or planning conference with a majority of your staff.
 Complete personal coaching assignments.
 Complete three years as a registered commissioner within a five-year period
 Earn the Arrowhead Honor Award.
 Review all material in the current Venturing Roundtable Guide, current Boy Scout Roundtable Planning Guide, current Cub Scout Roundtable Planning Guide, or the current Varsity Scout Roundtable Guide.
 Review all material in the Troop Program Features, Cub Scout Program Helps, Varsity Scout Game Plan or Venturing Leader Manual
 Recruit a roundtable staff
 Lead staff in preparing a one-year roundtable outline
 Supervise the staff in conducting these roundtables
 With the district commissioner and district executive, develop and use an attendance promotion plan
 Attend a council commissioner conference, roundtable, or planning conference

District Commissioner Key
 Complete Commissioner Basic Training
 Complete three years as a registered commissioner within a five-year period
 Earn the Arrowhead Honor Award
 Work with the district executive to evaluate all district commissioners
 Achieve a ratio of one unit commissioner for every three units in the district or service area
 Develop and put into action a suitable recruiting plan
 Chair or take part actively in six district commissioner staff meetings
 Attend six district committee meetings
 Attend a council commissioner conference or planning conference with a majority of the commissioner staff
 Provide personal coaching for the district commissioners
 Develop and implement a plan to track and hold unit commissioners accountable for monthly unit visits

Council Commissioner Key
 Complete the three session training program outlined in Commissioner Basic Training Manual
 Complete personal coaching orientation including the orientation projects
 Complete three years as a registered commissioner within a five-year period
 Earn the Arrowhead Honor Award
 Work with the Scout executive or other staff adviser and evaluate all district commissioners in the council
 Have an active, effective district commissioner in every district of the council
 Develop and put into action a suitable recruiting plan throughout the council
 Achieve a ratio in the council of one unit commissioner for every three units
 Chair or actively take part in six council commissioner meetings
 Give leadership to a council commissioner conference
 In consultation with the Scout executive, select and carry out a major project in the council

District Committee Key may still be earned under the old requirements if the Scouter has already started working on it and will have requirements completed by December 31, 2014  These requirements are:
 The district must earn the Quality District Award at least once within a three-year period.
 Take part actively in six district committee meetings.
 Help give leadership to eight projects of the operating committee or other projects as approved by the district executive
 Review the district manual and the highlight book for the committee position held; discuss the role of the district and the position with the committee chairman or district executive
 Complete the District Committee Training Workshop
 Complete three years as a district committee member within a five-year period

New requirements are as follows:
 Complete three years as a district committee member within a five-year period
 Complete the District Committee Training Workshop, Staffing the District Committee and This is Scouting
 Serve in a district achieving, at a minimum, the bronze level of Journey to Excellence
 Take part in 12 district committee meetings
 Give primary leadership in meeting at least the silver level in one district Journey to Excellence goal in each year
 Participate in one additional training on the council, area, region, or national level.

See also
 Advancement and recognition in the Boy Scouts of America
 Scouter's Training Award

References

Advancement and recognition in the Boy Scouts of America Mary C. McLaughlin (died 2014) was an American physician and public health official who served as the Commissioner of Health of the City of New York (May 28, 1969 until January 17, 1972). She left to become the commissioner of the Suffolk County Department of Health Services.

In 1947, McLaughlin began her career with the Department as a resident trainee. She went on to earn advanced degrees from Columbia University and New York University before returning as a district health officer in 1953, rising to become assistant commissioner for professional and community health services and associate deputy commissioner.

When McLaughlin became commissioner, budget cuts had taken their toll, leading to diminished clinic hours and cuts to the school health programs. Mayor John Lindsay was concerned about heroin addiction as both a health and crime problem so he directed McLaughlin to begin a citywide methadone program. As abortion was legalized in New York in July 1970, it was under her watch that abortion services were implemented. Other areas of focus included control of sexually transmitted diseases and lead poisoning.

References

Columbia University alumni
New York University alumni
Commissioners of Health of the City of New York
Women government officials
20th-century American women physicians
20th-century American physicians
Physicians from New York City
2014 deaths
21st-century American women