Augusta Jane Evans Critical response
what was the response to Augusta Evans?
What was the critical response to Augusta Evans?
Augusta Evans Wilson was not a professional writer and her style was severely criticized as "pedantic." She wrote in the domestic, sentimental style of the Victorian Age. Critics have praised the intellectual competence of her female characters, but as her heroes eventually succumb to traditional values, Wilson has been described as an antifeminist. Of St. Elmo one critic maintained, "the trouble with the heroine of St. Elmo was that she swallowed an unabridged dictionary." Wilson was the first American woman author to earn over $100,000. This would be a record unsurpassed until Edith Wharton.  Macaria, or Altars of Sacrifice, published in 1864, was popular with Southerners and Northerners alike. Melissa Homestead writes that the transportation of the novel to New York was deliberate, done in installments and nearly simultaneous with the novel's preparation for publication in the South. Thus, while previous critics, scholars and biographers have all treated Macaria's appearance in the North as unauthorized, the truth is much more meaningful. Some scholars say that by dispensing with the romantic notion that the novel appeared in a "bootleg" edition, Homestead debunks the hard and fast distinction between Northern and Southern readerships as an invention of historians and critics rather than an accurate reflection of reading practices of the period. However, a great number of discrepancies exist between the version published in the North and the version published in the South, which remove huge portions of the text which romanticize the Southern heroes that are portrayed.  Her novel St. Elmo was her most famous and it was frequently adapted for both the stage and screen. It inspired the naming of towns, hotels, steamboats, and a cigar brand. The book's heroine, Edna Earl, became the namesake of Eudora Welty's heroine (Edna Earle Ponder) in The Ponder Heart published in 1954. The novel also inspired a parody of itself called St. Twel'mo, or the Cuneiform Cyclopedist of Chattanooga (1867) by Charles Henry Webb. CANNOTANSWER
Critics have praised the intellectual competence of her female characters, but as her heroes eventually succumb to traditional values, Wilson has been described as an antifeminist.
Evans is a census-designated place (CDP) in Columbia County, Georgia, United States. It is a suburb of Augusta and is part of the Augusta metropolitan area. The population was 29,011 at the 2010 census, up from 17,727 at the 2000 census.

Evans, possibly named after Confederate General Clement A. Evans, is the de facto county seat of Columbia County, although Appling still holds the de jure designation. The Columbia County Government Center, the Government Complex Addition, and the Columbia County Courthouse Annex are all located in Evans. In 2020, Evans, Georgia was named the nation’s top place to live by Money Magazine.

Geography
Evans is located in eastern Columbia County, bordered to the northeast by the Savannah River, which forms the South Carolina state line. To the southeast is the town of Martinez. Downtown Augusta is  to the southeast.

The original community of Evans is centered on North Belair Road (Georgia State Route 383 (SR 383)) southwest of Washington Road (SR 104). The community extends west from this point to Gibbs Road and Crawford Creek and south as far as Columbia Road (SR 232), but most of the settled area is north of Washington Road and Evans to Locks Road, extending west as far as Little Kiokee Creek and east to Stevens Creek Dam on the Savannah River.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which  is land and , or 4.87%, is water.

Demographics

2020 census

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 34,536 people, 11,171 households, and 8,897 families residing in the CDP.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 29,011 people, 6,319 households, and 4,973 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,784.1 people per . There were 6,632 housing units at an average density of 667.5 per . The racial makeup of the CDP was 84.61% White, 10.22% African American, 0.25% Native American, 2.69% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 0.67% from other races, and 1.53% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.23% of the population.

There were 6,319 households, out of which 41.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.9% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.3% were non-families. 18.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.75 and the average family size was 3.15.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 28.4% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 30.5% from 25 to 44, 23.4% from 45 to 64, and 10.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 92.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.9 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $66,200, and the median income for a family was $76,128. Males had a median income of $49,863 versus $30,002 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $22,280. About 2.9% of families and 3.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.7% of those under age 18 and 8.7% of those age 65 or over.

Transportation

Major highways

Pedestrians and cycling
 Euchee Creek Greenway (Under construction)

Schools
Evans is served by the Columbia County Public School System.

Elementary schools
Eight public elementary schools serve Evans: Blue Ridge Elementary, Brookwood Elementary, Evans Elementary, Greenbrier Elementary, Lewiston Elementary, Martinez Elementary, North Columbia Elementary, River Ridge Elementary, Parkway Elementary, Riverside Elementary, Stevens Creek Elementary, and South Columbia Elementary.

Middle schools
Six public middle schools serve Evans: Grovetown Middle School, Evans Middle School, Greenbrier Middle School, Lakeside Middle School, Riverside Middle School, and Stallings Island Middle School.

High schools
Five public high schools serve Evans: Evans High School, Greenbrier High School, Lakeside High School, Harlem High School, and as of fall 2009, Grovetown High School.

Notable residents 

 Adella Colvin

See also

Central Savannah River Area

References

External links
Money Magazine Profile

Census-designated places in Columbia County, Georgia
Augusta metropolitan area Georgia Cottage, also known as the Augusta Evans Wilson House, is a historic residence in Mobile, Alabama, United States.  It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 14, 1972, based on its association with Augusta Jane Evans. She was one of the most popular American novelists of the nineteenth century and the first female author in the United States to earn over $100,000 for her work, but has been largely forgotten in recent times.

History
Colonel John Murrell of Georgia had the Greek Revival style house built in 1840 for his daughter, Mrs. William A. Hardaway.  It was then sold in 1855 to Alfred Batre, son of Adolphe Batre, Mobile Mayor (1830), who purchased it for his new bride Hortense Addison, daughter of Lloyd Dulany Addison of the Oxon Hill Manor Addison's. Augusta Jane Evans purchased the house from Batre in 1857 for her father, Matthew R. Evans, with the proceeds from her first book, Inez: A Tale of the Alamo. Matthew Evans had relocated his family to Mobile from San Antonio, Texas in 1849. The Batre's would move into 110 S Franklin Street, then 400 Church Street.

Augusta Evans went on to write two of her most famous novels at Georgia Cottage, Macaria and St. Elmo.  She married Lorenzo Madison Wilson in the parlor of the house in 1868.  Following her marriage she moved into her husband's Greek Revival mansion, Ashland, namesake of the modern Ashland Place neighborhood.  Georgia Cottage remained in the Evans family until 1879, when it was sold to Andrew Damrell.  Damrell's heirs sold it in 1926 to J.N. Brownlee, and it was subsequently purchased by Dr. Edward Simmons Sledge in 1935.

Dr. Sledge's son, Eugene Bondurant Sledge, grew up at Georgia Cottage.  He served in the United States Marines during World War II and became a noted university professor and author.  His memoir With the Old Breed: At Peleliu and Okinawa was, in part, the basis for Ken Burn's PBS documentary, The War, and the HBO miniseries, The Pacific.

Architecture and grounds
Although now deep within the Mobile city limits, Georgia Cottage was a country house when originally built.  Slave labor was utilized in its construction.

The one-story wood-frame structure, on a brick foundation, is a stylistic blending of Gulf Coast cottage and Greek Revival forms.  It has matching side wings to each side of the main block and a hipped roof.

The house is situated at the end of a long avenue of live oaks, planted prior to 1840.  The avenue is listed with Alabama's Famous and Historic Trees Program.

References

National Register of Historic Places in Mobile, Alabama
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Alabama
Greek Revival houses in Alabama
Houses in Mobile, Alabama
Houses completed in 1840
Gulf Coast cottage architecture in Alabama State Route 104 (SR 104) is a  state highway in the east-central part of the U.S. state of Georgia. Most of its eastern portion is an urban corridor in the Augusta metropolitan area. It travels within portions of Columbia and Richmond counties. It is known as Washington Road from its western terminus to the Columbia–Richmond county line. On both sides of the county line, it is known as Pleasant Home Road. It is known as Riverwatch Parkway from just west of the county line to the northern part of downtown Augusta. In downtown, it is known as part of Jones Street and Reynolds Street.

Route description
SR 104 begins at an blinker-light intersection with U.S. Route 221 (US 221), SR 47, and SR 150 in Pollards Corner. It travels to the southeast as part of Washington Road and crosses over Kiokee Creek on the Robert W. Pollard Bridge. Just over  later, it crosses over Little Kiokee Creek on the B. Edward Tankersley Memorial Bridge. Slightly more than  after that, it crosses over Euchee Creek on the G.B. "Dip" Lamkin Bridge. Just before entering Evans, and just at the intersection with William Few Parkway, the highway transitions into a retail corridor. In Evans, it travels southwest of Evans Towne Center Park and intersects the northern terminus of SR 383 (North Belair Road). SR 104 curves to the south-southeast and intersects both the eastern terminus of Towne Centre Drive and the western terminus of Riverwatch Parkway. It then curves to the east and intersects SR 232 (Columbia Road) and the southern terminus of Ruth Street on the Evans–Martinez line. SR 104 and SR 232 travel concurrently for approximately . At an intersection with the southern terminus of Old Evans Road, SR 232 splits off to the south-southeast onto Bobby Jones Expressway. After curving to the east-southeast, SR 104 enters Richmond County and the city limits of Augusta.

Immediately after entering the county, SR 104 intersects the western terminus of SR 104 Connector (SR 104 Conn.), which takes the Washington Road name. The mainline route turns left onto Pleasant Home Road, briefly re-enters Columbia County, and immediately turns right onto Riverwatch Parkway. Less than  after that turn, it re-enters Richmond County. Approximately  later, it intersects SR 28 (Furys Ferry Road). The roadway travels to the northeast and curves back to the southeast, to an interchange with Interstate 20 (I-20; Carl Sanders Highway). SR 104 curves to a more east-southeasterly direction. After curving around the eastern side of Eisenhower Park, the highway begins paralleling the Savannah River, before it crosses over the Augusta Canal on the William "Billy" L. Powell Jr. Bridge. The highway has an interchange that leads to downtown Augusta and the Medical District. About  later is another crossing of the canal, this time on an unnamed bridge. Just after this crossing, at an intersection with 15th Street, Riverwatch Parkway ends; eastbound traffic uses Jones Street, while westbound traffic uses Reynolds Street. Three blocks later, SR 104 meets its eastern terminus, an intersection with US 25 Business/SR 4 (13th Street). Here, both Jones Street and Reynolds Street continues as a two-way street.

National Highway System
All of SR 104 is included as part of the National Highway System, a system of roadways important to the nation's economy, defense, and mobility.

Milepost numbering
All of SR 104’s milepost numbering increases westward instead of eastward inversely, due to a use of a south-to-north numbering instead of the usual west-to-east system.

History
The road that would eventually become SR 104 was established by the middle of 1930 as SR 52 just east of the Columbia–Richmond county line. By the third quarter of 1932, SR 52 was redesignated as SR 104 and was extended northwest to Phinizy. This extension was unimproved, but maintained. By the end of 1934, a small segment was under construction northwest of the county line. By the end of the next year, a segment of the highway, farther to the northwest had completed grading, but was not surfaced. A year later, the under construction segment had completed grading, but was not surfaced. It was under construction for the rest of its length. By the end of the year, the highway had a completed hard surface from about Evans to the SR 52 intersection in Martinez. A few months later, it had a completed hard surface segment just northwest of Evans. In early 1940, it had completed grading, but was not surfaced from Phinizy to just northwest of Evans. By the end of the year, it had a sand clay or top soil surface from Phinizy to just northwest of Evans. About five years later, SR 104 had a completed hard surface from just southeast of Pollards Corner to just northwest of Evans. By the end of 1946, it was hard surfaced from Leah to just southeast of that community. By March 1948, it was hard surfaced from Pollards Corner to just southeast of that community. Before the end of the first quarter of 1949, the highway was hard surfaced from Leah to Pollards Corner. By 1988, the Leah-to-Pollards Corner segment was redesignated as SR 47, due to that highway being shifted to the east.

Riverwatch Parkway was originally constructed in the late 1980s and early 1990s to relieve heavy rush-hour traffic on congested Washington Road and John C. Calhoun Expressway, which many Augusta area residents used (and continue to use) to travel to and from work.

Major intersections

Augusta connector route

State Route 104 Connector (SR 104 Conn.) is a  connector route that exists entirely within the northern part of Richmond County. Its entire route is within the city limits of Augusta. It is known as Washington Road for its entire length.

It begins just east of the Columbia-Richmond county line, at an intersection with the SR 104 mainline (also known as Washington Road west of this intersection and turns onto Pleasant Home Road at it). The highway travels east-southeast until it meets its eastern terminus, an intersection with SR 28 (known as Furys Ferry Road west of this intersection and takes on the Washington Road name at it).

All of SR 104 Connector is included as part of the National Highway System.

Major intersections

See also

References

External links

Georgia Roads (Routes 101-120)

104
Transportation in Richmond County, Georgia
Transportation in Columbia County, Georgia
Transportation in Augusta, Georgia
Expressways in the United States
Parkways in the United States