Charles Willson Peale American Revolution What was Peale's role in the American Revolution? He also raised troops for the War of Independence and eventually gained the rank of captain in the Pennsylvania militia by 1776, What military achievements did he have? he painted portraits of American notables and visitors from overseas. What else did Peale do during this war? While in the field, he continued to paint, doing miniature portraits of various officers in the Continental Army. Were these popular? He produced enlarged versions of these in later years. What was his famous piece? he is probably best known for his portraits of George Washington.
Where were these displayed?
Where were Charles Willson Peale's portraits of George Washington displayed?
Peale's enthusiasm for the nascent national government brought him to the capital, Philadelphia, in 1776, where he painted portraits of American notables and visitors from overseas. His estate, which is on the campus of La Salle University in Philadelphia, can still be visited. He also raised troops for the War of Independence and eventually gained the rank of captain in the Pennsylvania militia by 1776, having participated in several battles. While in the field, he continued to paint, doing miniature portraits of various officers in the Continental Army. He produced enlarged versions of these in later years. He served in the Pennsylvania state assembly in 1779-1780, after which he returned to painting full-time.  Peale was quite prolific as an artist. While he did portraits of scores of historic figures (such as James Varnum, Benjamin Franklin, John Hancock, Thomas Jefferson, and Alexander Hamilton), he is probably best known for his portraits of George Washington. The first time Washington sat for a portrait was with Peale in 1772, and they had six other sittings; using these seven as models, Peale produced altogether close to 60 portraits of Washington. In January 2005, a full-length portrait of Washington at Princeton from 1779 sold for $21.3 million, setting a record for the highest price paid for an American portrait.  One of his most celebrated paintings is The Staircase Group (1795), a double portrait of his sons Raphaelle and Titian, painted in the trompe l'oeil style. It is in the collection of the Philadelphia Museum of Art. CANNOTANSWER
It is in the collection of the Philadelphia Museum of Art.
Charles Willson Peale (April 15, 1741February 22, 1827) was an American painter, soldier, scientist, inventor, politician and naturalist. He is best remembered for his portrait paintings of leading figures of the American Revolution, and for establishing one of the first museums in the United States.

Early life 
Peale was born in 1741 between modern-day Queenstown and Centreville, Queen Anne's County, Maryland, the son of Charles Peale and his wife Margaret. He had a younger brother, James Peale (1749–1831). He was the brother-in-law of Nathaniel Ramsey, a delegate to the Congress of the Confederation.

Charles became an apprentice to a saddle maker when he was fourteen years old. Upon reaching maturity, he opened his own saddle shop and joined the Sons of Liberty. However, he was unsuccessful in saddle making. He then tried fixing clocks and working with metals, but both of these endeavors failed as well. He then took up painting.

Career as a painter 
Finding that he had a talent for painting, especially portraiture, Peale studied for a time under John Hesselius and John Singleton Copley. John Beale Bordley and friends eventually raised enough money for him to travel to England to take instruction from Benjamin West. Peale studied with West for three years beginning in 1767, afterward returning to America and settling in Annapolis, Maryland. There, he taught painting to his younger brother, James Peale, who in time also became a noted artist.

American Revolution

Peale's enthusiasm for the nascent national government brought him to the capital, Philadelphia, in 1776, where he painted portraits of American notables and visitors from overseas. His estate, which is on the campus of La Salle University in Philadelphia, can still be visited. He also raised troops for the War of Independence and eventually gained the rank of captain in the Pennsylvania militia by 1776, having participated in several battles. While in the field, he continued to paint, doing miniature portraits of various officers in the Continental Army. He produced enlarged versions of these in later years. He served in the Pennsylvania state assembly in 1779–1780, after which he returned to painting full-time.

Peale was quite prolific as an artist. While he did portraits of scores of historic figures (such as James Varnum, Benjamin Franklin, John Hancock, Thomas Jefferson, and Alexander Hamilton), he is probably best known for his portraits of George Washington. The first time Washington sat for a portrait was with Peale in 1772, and they had six other sittings; using these seven as models, Peale produced altogether close to 60 portraits of Washington. In January 2005, a full-length portrait of Washington at Princeton from 1779 sold for $21.3 million, setting a record for the highest price paid for an American portrait.

One of his most celebrated paintings is The Staircase Group (1795), a double portrait of his sons Raphaelle and Titian, painted in the trompe-l'œil style. It is in the collection of the Philadelphia Museum of Art.

Peale Museum 

Peale had a great interest in natural history, and organized the first U.S. scientific expedition in 1801. These two major interests combined in his founding of what became the Philadelphia Museum, later known as Peale's American Museum. It housed a diverse collection of botanical, biological, and archaeological specimens. In 1786, Peale was elected to the American Philosophical Society.

The museum contained a large variety of birds which Peale himself acquired, and in many instances mounted, having taught himself taxidermy. In 1792, Peale initiated a correspondence with Thomas Hall, of the Finsbury Museum, City Road, Finsbury, London proposing to purchase British stuffed items for his museum. Eventually, an exchange system was established between the two, whereby Peale sent American birds to Hall in exchange for an equal number of British birds. This arrangement continued until the end of the century. The Peale Museum was the first to display a mastodon skeleton (which in Peale's time were referred to as mammoth bones; these common names were amended by Georges Cuvier in 1800, and his proposed usage is that employed today) that Peale found in New York State. Peale worked with his son to mount the skeleton for display.

The display of the "mammoth" bones entered Peale into a long-standing debate between Thomas Jefferson and Comte de Buffon. Buffon argued that Europe was superior to the Americas biologically, which was illustrated through the size of animals found there. Jefferson referenced the existence of these "mammoths" (which he believed still roamed northern regions of the continent) as evidence for a greater biodiversity in America. Peale's display of these bones drew attention from Europe, as did his method of re-assembling large skeletal specimens in three dimensions.

The museum was among the first to adopt Linnaean taxonomy. This system drew a stark contrast between Peale's museum and his competitors who presented their artifacts as mysterious oddities of the natural world.

The museum underwent several moves during its existence. At various times it was located in several prominent buildings including Independence Hall and the original home of the American Philosophical Society.

The museum would eventually fail, in large part because Peale was unsuccessful at obtaining government funding. After his death, the museum was sold to, and split up by, showmen P. T. Barnum and Moses Kimball.

Personal life

In 1762, Peale married Rachel Brewer (1744–1790), who bore him ten children, most of them named for Peale's favorite artists, male and female. Among their sons and daughters, some of whom he taught to paint, were:

 Raphaelle Peale (1774–1825), who some consider to be the first professional American painter of still-life.
 Angelica Kauffman Peale (1775–1853), who was named for Angelica Kauffman (Peale's favorite female painter) and who married Alexander Robinson.
 Rembrandt Peale (1778–1860), portrait painter, inventor, businessman, museum owner/operator in Baltimore. He founded the "Gas Light Company of Baltimore" in 1817, now Baltimore Gas and Electric Company (BGE). He was the father of artist Rosalba Carriera Peale.
 Titian Ramsay Peale I (1780–1798), ornithologist. He died at age of 18.
 Rubens Peale (1784–1865), museum administrator and artist.
 Sophonisba Angusciola Peale (1786–1859), ornithologist. She married Coleman Sellers (1781–1834) in 1805. She was the mother of Coleman Sellers II.

After Rachel's death in 1790, Peale married Elizabeth de Peyster (1765–1804), a descendant of Johannes de Peyster, the next year. With his second wife, he had six additional children, including:

 Charles Linnaeus Peale (1794–1832), who was named for Charles Linnaeus, the Swedish botanist and zoologist.
 Franklin Peale (1795–1870), who became the Chief Coiner at the Philadelphia Mint.
 Titian Ramsay Peale II (1799–1885), explorer, ornithologist, scientific illustrator, and photographer.
 Elizabeth De Peyster Peale (1802–1857), who married William Augustus Patterson (1792–1833) in 1820.

Hannah Moore, a Quaker from Philadelphia, married Peale in 1805, becoming his third wife. She helped to raise the younger children from his previous two marriages.

Peale's slave, Moses Williams, was also trained in the arts while growing up in the Peale household and later became a professional silhouette artist.

In 1810, Peale purchased a farm in Germantown, where he intended to retire. He named this estate "Belfield" and cultivated extensive gardens there. After Hannah's death in 1821, Peale lived with his son Rubens and sold Belfield in 1826. Peale died on February 22, 1827, and was buried at the Saint Peter's Episcopal Church in Philadelphia alongside his wife Elizabeth DePeyster.

Expertise 
A Renaissance man, Peale had expertise not only in painting but also in many diverse fields, including carpentry, dentistry, optometry, shoemaking, and taxidermy. In 1802, John Isaac Hawkins patented the second official physiognotrace, a mechanical drawing device, and partnered with Peale to market it to prospective buyers. Peale sent a watercolor sketch of the physiognotrace, along with a detailed explanation, to Thomas Jefferson. The drawing is now held with the Jefferson Papers in the Library of Congress.

Around 1804, Peale obtained the American patent rights to the polygraph from its inventor John Isaac Hawkins, about the same time as the purchase of one by Thomas Jefferson. Peale and Jefferson collaborated on refinements to this device, which enabled a copy of a handwritten letter to be produced simultaneously with the original.

Peale wrote several books. Two of these were An Essay on Building Wooden Bridges (1797) and An Epistle to a Friend on the Means of Preserving Health (1803).

Legacy and honors 

 Three of his sons, Rembrandt Peale, Raphaelle Peale, and Titian Ramsay Peale, became noted artists.
 The World War II cargo Liberty Ship S.S. Charles Willson Peale was named in his honor.

Notable works

See also 
 Peale's Barber Farm Mastodon Exhumation Site
 George Escol Sellers, grandson who was an inventor

References 

Sources
 Lily Bita, Charles Willson Peale, the patriarch "Apodemon Epos" Magazine of European Art Center (EUARCE) of Greece, 2st issue 1997 p. 3

Further reading 
Ward, David C. 2004 Charles Willson Peale: Art and Selfhood in the Early Republic Berkley, California : University of California Press

External links 

 Reynolda House Museum of American Art: Mr. and Mrs. Alexander Robinson, 1795
 Charles Willson Peale and His World from the Metropolitan Museum of Art
 Peale-Sellers Family Collection at the American Philosophical Society
 Portrait of General David Foreman, Berkshire Museum
 The Winterthur Library Overview of an archival collection on Charles Willson Peale.
 History of Peale at Belfield, now the grounds of La Salle University, Philadelphia, PA
 Union List of Artist Names, Getty Vocabularies. ULAN Full Record Display for Charles Willson Peale. Getty Vocabulary Program, Getty Research Institute. Los Angeles, California.
 James Madison, Bust Portrait Miniature by Peale from the *Rare Book and Special Collection Division at The Library of Congress
Catherine "Kitty" Floyd, Bust Portrait Miniature by Peale from the Rare Book and Special Collection Division at The Library of Congress

1741 births
1827 deaths
18th-century American painters
19th-century American painters
American male painters
American slave owners
American people of English descent
American portrait painters
Trompe-l'œil artists
Museum founders
Pennsylvania militiamen in the American Revolution
People from Queen Anne's County, Maryland
Charles
Sibling artists
People of colonial Maryland
Burials at St. Peter's churchyard, Philadelphia
19th-century male artists
Members of the American Philosophical Society
Below are the names and numbers of the 40 SR V "Schools" class locomotives designed by Richard Maunsell.  Another successful publicity campaign by the Southern Railway when named from 1930 onwards, they represented the public schools of England, initially due to their proximity to the railway that served them, but not all from the SR area. The class naming process consisted of pupils attending these schools visiting "their" engine during the naming ceremonies.

Remaining artefacts of other class members

When the locomotives were withdrawn from service, BR presented their nameplates to the appropriate schools:

A nameplate from 900, Eton, is now displayed in the School of Mechanics within Eton College.
A nameplate from 901, Winchester, is now displayed in the school's Design & Technology Centre, The Mill. 
A nameplate from 903, Charterhouse, was displayed in Charterhouse School's museum until auctioned by the school for £26,000 in 2002. The other nameplate is now displayed in the school's admissions office.
A nameplate from 905, Tonbridge, is displayed in the Physics Department of Tonbridge School.
A nameplate from 906, Sherborne, is now displayed in the day-room of one of the boarding houses of Sherborne School.
A nameplate from 907, Dulwich, is now displayed in Dulwich College by the college's Model Railway Society.
A nameplate from 908, Westminster, is now displayed in the science block of Westminster School.
A nameplate from 910, Merchant Taylors''', is now displayed outside the sixth form common room of Merchant Taylors' School, Northwood.
A nameplate from 911, Dover, is now displayed outside the Headmaster's Office at Dover College.
A nameplate from 912, Downside, is now displayed in Downside School.
A nameplate from 913  Christ's Hospital, is now displayed in the Model Railway Club at Christ's Hospital.
A nameplate from 914, Eastbourne, is now displayed in the big school theatre foyer of Eastbourne College.
A nameplate from 915, Brighton, is now displayed in the DT workshops of Brighton College.
A nameplate from 916, Whitgift, is now displayed in the Raeburn library at Whitgift School.
A nameplate from 917, Ardingly, is now displayed in the staff common room of Ardingly College.
A nameplate from 918, Hurstpierpoint, is now displayed in the science block of Hurstpierpoint College.
A nameplate from 923, originally named Uppingham, is now displayed in the Undercroft under the great hall of Uppingham School.
A nameplate from 923, Bradfield, is now displayed in the entrance corridor of the teachers' common room of Bradfield College.
The nameplates from 924, Haileybury, are now displayed in Haileybury and Imperial Service College Library above a photograph of the locomotive, and in the Archives in Clock House, Haileybury.
The nameplates from 929, Malvern, are now displayed in Malvern College Memorial Library below a photograph of the locomotive.
The tender from 929, Malvern, was converted to a snow plough, and was sold by the Maunsell Locomotive Society along with S15 locomotive 830 (to raise money to enable the purchase of 928 Stowe) and both were moved to the North Yorkshire Moors Railway.
A nameplate from 930, Radley, is now displayed in the stationery department of Radley College's school shop.
A nameplate from 931, King's - Wimbledon, is now displayed above the door of King's College School gymnasium.
The nameplate from 932, Blundell's, is now displayed in the History department of Blundell's School.
A nameplate from 933, Kings Canterbury, is currently displayed in the dining room of The King's School, Canterbury.
The tender from 934, St Lawrence, was converted to a snow plough, and the frames have been modified to run behind U-class No.1638 on the Bluebell Railway.
A nameplate from 935, Sevenoaks, is currently displayed in the Science and Technology Centre of Sevenoaks School with a scale model of the locomotive and photographs of Sevenoaks schoolboys 'inspecting' the new loco in 1935. The other nameplate is currently displayed in Arch Three of the Brighton Toy and Model Museum.
A nameplate from 936, Cranleigh, is currently displayed in the entry lobby of the Headmaster's Office of Cranleigh School.
A nameplate from 937, Epsom, was displayed in the Library of Epsom College.
A nameplate from 938, St Olaves, is displayed in the foyer of St Olave's Grammar School.
A nameplate from 939, Leatherhead'', was displayed along with a OO gauge model of the locomotive at St John's School, Leatherhead but has now been sold in Auction at Great Central Railwayana Auctions, Stoneleigh for £8000 in April 2013.

References 

4-4-0 locomotives
V "Schools" class
Railway locomotives introduced in 1930
British railway-related lists The Quadroni of St. Charles are two cycles of paintings depicting the life and miracles of St. Charles Borromeo, the first Saint of the Counter-Reformation. These very large paintings (quadroni), approximately five by six metres each, are displayed each November in the Milan Cathedral in honor of St. Charles' name day on November 4.  They were also exhibited continuously from November 4, 1999 to November 4, 2000 in honor of the Catholic Jubilee celebrations.

The first cycle was begun in 1602, 26 years after Charles' death, and is the larger of the two. It is known as I fatti della vita del beato Carlo ("The Facts of the Life of Blessed Charles"). It consists of 28 paintings depicting his life, concentrating upon his tenure as Archbishop of Milan. Work on this cycle continued into the late 18th century. The first twenty large paintings, all tempera on canvas, were painted by Il Cerano (4 paintings), Giovanni Mauro della Rovere (Il Fiammenghino) (3), Il Duchino (7), Procaccini (1), Carlo Buzzi (2), Domenico Pellegrini (1), and Morazzone.

The second cycle, I miracoli di San Carlo ("The Miracles of St. Charles"), consists of 24 paintings of Charles' miraculous works and healings. These paintings are smaller than the first set, measuring about 2.4 by 4.4 metres. They were all painted between December 1609 and November 1, 1610, when St. Charles was canonized.  These paintings were displayed together with the first cycle for the first time on November 4, 1610 in the Milan Cathedral; the paintings of his miracles could not be displayed until he had been declared a Saint.

Gallery of Selected Works

References 

 Ernesto Brivio. Vita e miracoli di S. Carlo Borromeo 

1600s paintings
Italian paintings
Paintings in Milan