X (American band) 1985-1987: Commercial era and departure of Zoom why did they depart from zoom Zoom had also stated that he would leave the band unless its next album was more successful. where did zoom go Zoom left the group did they release any hit during 1985-1987 X had released a cover version of "Wild Thing" as a non-album single. In 1989, the song was re-released as the lead single is that all they released during that time period Their fifth record, Ain't Love Grand!, what were the reviews of Ain't Love Grand although it received more mainstream radio play than their earlier releases, it did not represent a commercial breakthrough. did they have any chart toppeers the lead single from the soundtrack to the hit film Major League. is there anything else interesting The band then added a fifth member,
who are the members
Who are the members of  X (American band)?
Despite the overwhelmingly positive critical reception for their first four albums, the band was frustrated by its lack of wider mainstream success. Zoom had also stated that he would leave the band unless its next album was more successful. The band decided to change producers in search of a more accessible sound. Their fifth record, Ain't Love Grand!, was produced by pop metal producer Michael Wagener. It featured a drastic change in sound, especially in the polished and layered production, while the band's punk roots were little in evidence, replaced by a countrified version of hard rock. The change in production was intended to bring the band more chart success, but although it received more mainstream radio play than their earlier releases, it did not represent a commercial breakthrough. Zoom left the group shortly thereafter in 1986, the same year in which the feature-length documentary film, X: The Unheard Music, was released.  Zoom was initially replaced by Alvin, who had left the Blasters. The band then added a fifth member, guitarist Tony Gilkyson, formerly of the band Lone Justice. By the time the band released its sixth album, See How We Are, Alvin had already left the band, although he played on the record along with Gilkyson and wrote 4th of July for the band. Like Ain't Love Grand, the album's sound was far removed from the band's punk origins, yet featured a punchy, energetic, hard-rocking roots rock sound that in many ways represented a more natural progression from their earlier sound than the previous record had. After touring for the album, X released a live record of the tour, titled Live at the Whisky a Go-Go, and then went on an extended hiatus.  Back in 1984, X had released a cover version of "Wild Thing" as a non-album single. In 1989, the song was re-released as the lead single from the soundtrack to the hit film Major League. It later became a staple at sporting events, particularly baseball games, and was used by Japanese professional wrestler Atsushi Onita after he founded Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling in 1989. CANNOTANSWER
guitarist Tony Gilkyson, formerly of the band Lone Justice.
X is an American punk rock band formed in Los Angeles. The original members are vocalist Exene Cervenka, vocalist-bassist John Doe, guitarist Billy Zoom and drummer D. J. Bonebrake. The band released seven studio albums from 1980 to 1993. After a period of inactivity during the mid-to-late 1990s, X reunited in the early 2000s, and currently tours, as of 2021.

X achieved limited mainstream success but influenced various genres of music, including punk rock, Americana, and folk rock, and is considered one of the most influential bands of their era. In 2003, X's first two studio albums, Los Angeles and Wild Gift, were ranked by Rolling Stone as being among the 500 greatest albums of all time. Los Angeles was ranked 91st on Pitchforks Top 100 Albums of the 1980s.

History

1977–1979: Formation and Dangerhouse era
X was founded by bassist-singer Doe and guitarist Zoom. Doe brought his poetry-writing girlfriend Cervenka to band practices, and she eventually joined the band as a vocalist. Drummer Bonebrake was the last of the original members to join after leaving local group The Eyes; he also filled in on drums for Germs.

X's first record deal was with independent label Dangerhouse, for which the band produced one single, "Adult Books"/"We're Desperate" (1978). A Dangerhouse session version of "Los Angeles" was also featured on a 1979 Dangerhouse 12-inch EP compilation called Yes L.A. (a play on the no-wave compilation No New York), a six-song picture disc that also featured other early L.A. punk bands The Eyes, The Germs, The Bags, The Alley Cats, and Black Randy and the Metrosquad.

1980–1981: Los Angeles and Wild Gift

As the band became the flag bearer for the local scene, a larger independent label, Slash Records, signed the band. The result was their debut, Los Angeles (1980), produced by the Doors' keyboard player, Ray Manzarek. It sold well by the standards of independent labels. Much of X's early material had a rockabilly edge. Doe and Cervenka co-wrote most of the group's songs and their slightly off-kilter harmony vocals served as the group's most distinctive element. Their lyrics tended to be straight-out poetry; comparisons to Charles Bukowski and Raymond Chandler were made from the start.

Their follow-up effort, Wild Gift (1981), was similar in musical style. It featured shorter, faster songs and is arguably their most stereotypically punk-sounding record.

During 1981, both Doe and Bonebrake (along with Dave Alvin, guitarist of The Blasters) served as members of The Flesh Eaters, performing on that band's second album, A Minute to Pray, a Second to Die.

1982–1984: Elektra era and The Knitters

X signed with major label Elektra in 1982 and released Under the Big Black Sun, which marked a departure from their trademark sound. While still fast and loud, with raw punk guitars, the album displayed evolving country leanings. The album was influenced by the death of Cervenka's elder sister Mirielle in a 1980 car accident. Three songs on the album ("Riding with Mary", "Come Back to Me" and the title track) all directly relate to the tragedy. A fourth, a high-speed version of Al Dubin and Joe Burke's "Dancing with Tears in My Eyes", was, years later, indirectly attributed to Cervenka's mournful state of mind. The stark black-and-white cover art and title were also a reflection of the somber mood of the band during this time. Cervenka has said it is her favorite X album.

In 1983, the band slightly redefined their sound with the release of the album More Fun in the New World, making X somewhat more polished, eclectic and radio-ready than on previous albums. With the sound moving away from punk rock, the band's rockabilly influence became even more noticeable, along with some new elements: funk on the track "True Love Pt. II", and Woody Guthrie-influenced folk protest songs like "The New World" and "I Must Not Think Bad Thoughts". The record received critical praise from Rolling Stone and Playboy, which had long been stalwart supporters of X and their sound.

The Knitters, a side project, were composed of X minus Zoom, plus Alvin on guitar and Johnny Ray Bartel (of the Red Devils) on double bass, and released the Poor Little Critter on the Road album in 1985. The Knitters were devoted to folk and country music; their take on Merle Haggard's "Silver Wings" "may be the definitive version".

1985–1987: Commercial era and departure of Zoom
Despite the overwhelmingly positive critical reception for their first four albums, the band was frustrated by its lack of wider mainstream success. Zoom had also stated that he would leave the band unless its next album was more successful. The band decided to change producers in search of a more accessible sound. Their fifth record, Ain't Love Grand!, was produced by pop metal producer Michael Wagener. It featured a drastic change in sound, especially in the polished and layered production, while the band's punk roots were little in evidence, replaced by a countrified version of hard rock. The change in production was intended to bring the band more chart success, but although it received more mainstream radio play than their earlier releases, it did not represent a commercial breakthrough. "Burning House of Love", the album's first single, was a minor hit on the Billboard Top Rock Tracks chart, where it peaked at #26 in September 1985. Zoom left the group shortly thereafter in 1986, the same year in which the feature-length documentary film, X: The Unheard Music, was released.

Zoom was initially replaced by Alvin, who had left the Blasters. The band then added a fifth member, guitarist Tony Gilkyson, formerly of the band Lone Justice. By the time the band released its sixth album, See How We Are, Alvin had already left the band, although he played on the record along with Gilkyson and wrote "4th of July" for the band. Like Ain't Love Grand, the album's sound was far removed from the band's punk origins, yet featured a punchy, energetic, hard-rocking roots rock sound that in many ways represented a more natural progression from their earlier sound than the previous album had. After touring for the album, X released a live album of the tour, titled Live at the Whisky a Go-Go, and then went on an extended hiatus.

Back in 1984, X had released a cover version of "Wild Thing" as a non-album single. In 1989, the song was re-released as the lead single from the soundtrack to the hit film Major League. It later became a staple at sporting events, particularly baseball games, and was used by Japanese professional wrestler Atsushi Onita after he founded Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling in 1989. The song is now used as Jon Moxley's entrance music in All Elite Wrestling.

1993–1995: First reunion, Hey Zeus! and Unclogged
X regrouped in the early 1990s to record their seventh studio album, Hey Zeus!, released in 1993 on the Big Life label. The album marked somewhat of a retreat from the increasingly roots rock direction that the band's past few records had gone in, instead featuring an eclectic alternative rock sound that fit in well with the then-current musical climate. Despite this, it failed to become a hit, although two of its songs, "Country at War" and "New Life," peaked at numbers 15 and 26 on the Billboard Modern Rock charts, respectively.

In 1994, they contributed a cover of the Richard Thompson song "Shoot Out the Lights" to a Thompson tribute album called Beat the Retreat, which featured David Hidalgo of Los Lobos on electric guitar. On the same album, Doe sang harmony and played bass and Bonebrake played drums on Bob Mould's cover of "Turning of the Tide," and Bonebrake played drums on the title track, which was performed by the British folk artist June Tabor.

The band released an acoustic live album, Unclogged, in 1995 on Infidelity Records.

1997–2004: Hiatus and second reunion

In 1997, X released a compilation called Beyond and Back: The X Anthology, which focused heavily on the early years with Zoom and included a number of previously unreleased versions of songs that had appeared on their previous albums. At the same time, they also announced that they were disbanding. However, they did a farewell tour to promote the compilation in 1998, with Zoom returning on guitar. The original lineup also returned to the studio for the final time, with Manzarek reprising his role as producer, to record a cover of the Doors' "The Crystal Ship" for the soundtrack for The X-Files: Fight the Future.

X: The Unheard Music was released on DVD in 2005, as was the concert DVD X – Live in Los Angeles, which commemorated the 25th anniversary of the band's landmark debut album, Los Angeles.

2005–2007: Reunion of The Knitters

In 2005, Doe, Cervenka and Bonebrake reunited with Alvin and Bartel to release a second Knitters album, 20 years after the first, titled The Modern Sounds of the Knitters. In summer 2006, X toured North America on the "As the World Burns" tour with the Rollins Band and the Riverboat Gamblers. In the spring of 2008, the band, with all original members, embarked on their "13X31" tour with Skybombers and the Detroit Cobras. "13X31" was a reference to their 31st anniversary.

2008–present: Touring and first album in 27 years
From 2004 onward, X have continued to perform frequently around North America.

X appeared at the 2008 SXSW Festival (with footage of their performance made viewable on Crackle); the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival on April 19, 2009; and the All Tomorrow's Parties festival in Minehead, England from May 15–17, 2009. They were invited to perform at the latter by the festival's curators, the Breeders.

In June 2009, the band publicly announced that Cervenka had been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. However, she told the Orange County Register in 2011 that the doctor who originally diagnosed the disease believes he misdiagnosed her. Cervenka stated, "I've had so many doctors tell me I have MS, then some say I don't ... I don't even care anymore".

In June 2010, X played a free show at the North by Northeast festival in Toronto, Ontario, Canada and headlined the third annual Roadshow Revival, a Johnny Cash tribute festival in Ventura, California. X performed at The Voodoo Experience 2011, held at City Park in New Orleans, Louisiana, on October 28–30, 2011. The band also opened for Pearl Jam on their 2011 South and Central American tour in November and their European tour in June and July 2012.
On September 2, 2012, X performed at the Budweiser Made in America Festival in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

In July 2015, Zoom took a performing break to undergo treatment for bladder cancer, returning in November 2015.

On March 4, 2016, X appeared on the episode "Show Me a Hero" of Adult Swim show Childrens Hospital. On October 13, 2017, the Grammy Museum at L.A. Live opened a new exhibit titled "X: 40 Years of Punk in Los Angeles", to run through February 25, 2018.

In 2017, Cervenka announced that X had added Craig Packham of the Palominos to fill in on drums and rhythm guitar, because Bonebrake and Zoom were now playing vibes and saxophone, respectively.

In 2018, the band released X – Live in Latin America via a Kickstarter campaign, to coincide with their 40th anniversary. The album was recorded during a 2011 tour where X was the opening band for Pearl Jam. Pearl Jam's sound engineer made the recordings, and presented them to X at the end of the tour. The album was produced by Rob Schnapf, and featured the four original members of X.

In early 2019 Fat Possum Records released two new X songs as a single, followed by the "genuinely good" (per BrooklynVegan) new album Alphabetland on April 22, 2020,  On February 9, 2021, Fat Possum released Xtras: two more tracks from the same recording sessions, one being an alternate version.  Robby Krieger, of the Doors, played slide guitar on one track each of Alphabetland and of Xtras.

Members

Discography

EPs
 2009 – Merry Xmas from X

Live albums
 1988 – Live at the Whisky a Go-Go
 1995 – Unclogged
 2005 – X – Live in Los Angeles #175 US Billboard Top 200
 2018 – X – Live in Latin America (Kickstarter special album)

Compilations
 1997 – Beyond and Back: The X Anthology
 2004 – The Best: Make the Music Go Bang!

Filmography
 1981 – The Decline of Western Civilization
 1981 – Urgh! A Music War
 1986 – X The Unheard Music
 2003 – Mayor of the Sunset Strip
 2005 – X – Live in Los Angeles
 2016 – Childrens Hospital

References

Further reading

External links

 
 
 
 

 
Punk rock groups from California
Musical groups from Los Angeles
Musical groups established in 1977
Musical quartets
1977 establishments in California
Slash Records artists
Dangerhouse Records artists
Elektra Records artists
Big Life artists
Rock music groups from California
Female-fronted musical groups
This is a list of members of the International Olympic Committee. According to the Olympic Charter, the members of the IOC "represent and promote the interests of the IOC and of the Olympic Movement in their countries and in the organisations of the Olympic Movement in which they serve". Currently there are 105 members, 45 honorary members and one honour member.

Current members
The chairperson of an international organization, who represents an Olympic sport (e.g. the chairman of World Athletics), is represented in the IOC "ex officio" (i.e., because of that position).

 Athletes' Commission members are elected for eight-year terms.

Honorary Members
Most honorary members are former members who, after finishing their terms of office, are made honorary members.

Honour Member

Former members

Original members

References

External links
 IOC Members list

 
Members Of The International Olympic Committee The Association of Translators and Interpreters of Saskatchewan (ATIS) is a non-profit professional association that was incorporated in 1980. It is a member of the Canadian Translators, Terminologists and Interpreters Council (CTTIC), and was founded with the aim of fostering and promoting the translation and interpreting industry within Saskatchewan. Members of the association are professional translators and/or professional interpreters, and have either passed an admission exam attesting to their translating and/or interpreting skills or have transferred their membership from another CTTIC affiliate. ATIS members work in many languages, including: French, Spanish, Chinese, Cree, Japanese and American Sign Language, and are bound by a professional code of ethics.

Membership
There are five different categories of members within ATIS: founding members, affiliate members, retired members, associate members and certified members. Founding members are those who contributed to the creation of the society in 1979-1980 and are members of good standing in one of the other categories. Affiliate members are those who practice the profession of visual language interpreting and are members of the Association of Visual Language Interpreters of Canada (AVLIC). Retired members are those who were formally active members of the association and who would  like to stay in touch with the ATIS community. Associate members are those who have passed the ATIS admission exam, which includes both a language proficiency exam and a translation exam. Certified members are those who have passed the CTTIC national certification exam or who have had a sample of their work successfully evaluated by ATIS. In 2012, ATIS had 65 members. All categories of members are expected to abide by the ATIS Code of Ethics.

Governance
ATIS is governed by a board of directors that is currently composed of seven members: Elisabet Ràflos-Sagués, President; Cristina Torres de la Hoz, Vice-President; Robert Clark,  Secretary; Gisèle Piché, Treasurer; Julie Pednault, Director of Public Relations; Shannon Bachorick, Exam Coordinator; and Tatiana Zotova, Member at Large. The ATIS Board of Directors is elected by the membership at the Annual General Meeting (AGM). There are also a set of bylaws that assist in governing the organization.

Professional development
ATIS holds two half-day workshops each year, one during the spring AGM and one during the fall meeting. These workshops focus on a range of issues that are of interest to translators and interpreters who work in a number of language pairs. In spring of 2015, the half-day conference focused on computer assisted translation (CAT). The goal of these workshops is to promote the continued development of qualified translators and interpreters. Sometimes, ATIS also offers reduced registration fees to its members so that they may attend continued education courses through organizations such as the Institut Français at the University of Regina. ATIS is also looking into bringing web-based learning to its members.

References

External links
 

Translation associations of Canada
Professional associations based in Saskatchewan
Organizations based in Saskatoon