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Employers overwhelmingly report increased profits and other bottom-line benefits when their employees gain the basic skills that enable them to work more effectively , according to a 1999 report by The Conference Board , Turning Skills Into Profit : Economic Benefits of Workplace Education Programs . By 1999 Ethiopia joined the 2002 process as a full member at the Cairo meeting . Victim - offender mediation ( VOM ) is the most established intervention model of the restorative justice movement , with more than 1300 VOM programs in 18 countries ( Umbreit & Greenwood , 1999 ) . More than 575 community foundations now exist , holding more than $ 30-billion in assets ; in 1999 , they gave away $ 1.9-billion . Three Westchester County ( N.Y. ) corrections officers were arrested in 1999 at their department 's headquarters on fraud charges related to disability claims .