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If , after a physical check-up , he still has abdominal complaints which are interfering with his daily personal and academic functioning , be aware that the symptoms are not produced intentionally , but may be emotionally based . Progress towards the creation of a center for computer assisted textual research at the University of Pennsylvania ( see OFFLINE 1 , June 1984 ) continues , and we are pleased to announce that a limited number of orders can be taken for automatic encoding of typed or printed materials in various languages including Greek , Coptic , Armenian , and unpointed Hebrew . Once again , the concepts of Equal Opportunity Independence and Others-Centered Interdependence are mapped onto various contrasting aspects of American and Japanese business practices . In this first chapter that sets the ground for the rest of the book , two key concepts are introduced to characterize American and Japanese modes of communication , '' Equal Opportunity Independence '' for Americans and '' Others-Centered Interdependence '' for Japanese ( both are the author 's own terms ) . In chapter 3 the author moves beyond the sentence-level analysis and examines pragmatics of naming , agreeing , disagreeing , thanking , and apologizing comparing American and Japanese conventions . To tell stories about Americans and Japanese , the author is generally careful in supplying indicators that make it clear which is referred to ( e.g ., using typical American and Japanese names ; adding '' American '' and '' Japanese '' before such words as '' man '' and '' woman '' ) . The periods of mania are more difficult to determine because there are several types of bipolar disorder : bipolar 1 - distinct periods of mania and depression , bipolar 2 - manic and depressive symptoms occurring at the same time , and bipolar not otherwise specified or bipolar NOS , for bipolar disorders that do not match the previous 2 categories . Mechanics , grammar , sentence coherence and the larger matters of organization and coherence in a composition do count in this class ( of course these latter elements take quite different forms in fiction and academic prose ) . When I 'm writing I often start out with abstractions and academic jargon , and purge it . Chapters 5 through 8 each present a number of contrastive strategies of American and Japanese business communication that reflect differences between Equal Opportunity Independence and Others-Centered Interdependence , between Speaker Talk and Listener Talk , and between individual - and team-oriented business practices . As far back as 1856 , scientists have been investigating the physical , chemical and biological parameters of San Francisco Bay .