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In an attempt to improve the possibilities of collaboration in research into the prevention of violence against women ( VAW ) , the National Violence Against Women Prevention Research Center ( NVAWPRC ) conducted fourteen focus groups of practitioners ( victim advocates and service practitioners ) in nine states to discuss how they could work together more effectively . OVC manages the Victims of Crime Act ( VOCA ) funding , which provides support for federal , state , and local victim services as well as victim compensation at the federal and state levels . That is , the overall probability of a threatening situation ending in the victim 's death is about the same when the aggressor is armed with a gun as it is when the aggressor is unarmed . Even if group A and B seem to have the same absolute numbers of victims , if one group is many times the size of theother group , then their proportional representation should be stated in order to have a truer understanding of this phenomenon . Through the development of baccalaureate , masters , and doctorate programs in victimology , as well as curriculum infusion of victims ' issues and victimology theory into existing departments , the discipline of victim assistance will increase its professionalism , as well as broaden the scope of individuals who seek to become victim advocates . The National Coalition to Ban Handgun 's assertion " Most murders are committed by a relative or close acquaintance of the victim " { 174 } is conceptually unpersuasive because it is a non sequitur : it simply does not follow from the fact that a murderer knows or is related to his victims that he must be an ordinary citizen rather than a long time criminal . ( If anything , it would increase it since , as we have seen , gun armed victims may ward off 25-30 attack without killing for every time they have to kill . Recognizing the need for accountability from television talk shows , the National Center for Victims of Crime ( NCVC 1994 ) developed guidelines for talk shows and crime victim guests that promote victim sensitivity and reduce opportunities for " re-victimizing victims . Some victim practitioners have extensive formal education , while others have little or none .