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Many OECD countries and a growing number of developing countries also have active hydrogen and fuel cell research and development programmes , with aggregate public funding worldwide now running at about US $ 1 billion a year . He was mayor of New Haven in 1831 , and declined the appointment , though elected , in 1833 . Of course he availed himself of all the means of education , in the way of schools and debating clubs , within his reach , but of more consequence was his own zealous and vigorous study , without the aid of instructors . Since then the share has decreased slightly , down to 13.2 per cent in 2003 , due to the continued strong increase in overall energy use . The economy and society dimension consists of the GDP measured at the purchasing power parity rates , with 1995 as base .