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Where the capital investment is projected to occur some time in the future ( e.g ., grade separation 10 years from now ) , these costs must be discounted back to present value to enable a fair comparison with other alternatives . Consequently , those costs must be reconciledlater with the actual allocable costs . This cost must be added to the cost of the students education and be included in the up front costs . These costs must be carefully weighed in any policy decision . Rather , these costs must be aggregated and charged back to the users on an average cost basis . It has been agreed that any costs must be equal to or below what is currently being spent by consortia at present .