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Because they are much smaller in volume than polar ice sheets , mountain glaciers are much more responsive to climate change on short ( 10-100 year ) time scales . The inner leaves are yellow and stunted , while outer leaves turn rusty red to reddish purple . This is followed by yellowing of newly formed leaves , sporadic bushy growth , erect growing habit , and stunting . This support includes installation of an ERS-1 ground receiving station in Hawaii and selected other locations , improvements in real-time navigation and control for the NASA DC-8 to extend the capability of the TOPSAR instrument to perform repeat-pass interferometry , and support for the required improvements in image processing . On time scales of years to decades , meter-level or greater changes in topography may occur , but these are not the primary " observable " for many of the studies described here .