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The belief in progress , like the Kingdom of Heaven , cometh not by observation , no , nor by the method of observation . In day-to-day routine observations , most microscopists do not attempt to achieve the highest resolution image possible with their equipment . Ragnar Audunson in his doctoral thesis makes a similar observation , noting that public libraries in Scandinavia and in Hungary during the 1980s , when the latter was under Soviet dominance , still held almost identical views of their role in the community . Students build up skills in observation , field methods ( interviewing , taping , etc. ) , preliminary introduction to hardware , transcription , analysis , and the writing up of research findings in the form of reviews and a final research paper delivered as an oral " convention " paper . Subjects will include : naked eye observation , star charts and planispheres , night sky orientation , binoculars , telescopes and mounts , eye techniques to see more , and examples of planets and deep sky objects as seen through an amateur telescope . Subsequent observations , most astronomers believe , have narrowed the theories down to two : either the explosions are the result of pairs of old , superdense neutron stars colliding with each other , or are the death throes of young , very massive stars . Subsequent observations , most astronomers believe , have narrowed the theories down to two : either the explosions are the result of pairs of old , superdense neutron stars colliding with each other or are the death throes of young , very massive stars .