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Once a potential conflict of interest is identified , it is still very difficult to determine if , and how , the conflict actually affects research agendas and outcomes . Patterned after the recent spate of reality TV shows , the reality teaching workshop actually shows teachers how to effectively teach urban , culturally diverse children in grades K-12 , connect with their families , and get positive results . He pointed out that this type of observational study cannot prove that alcohol actually protects against heart failure , nor does it explain the biological basis for any link between alcohol and the health of the heart . For each history and for each test , we now posess ( from the sampler ) the number of times the test was attempted after the history happened ( THa ) , and the number of times the test actually succeeded after the history happened ( TH ) .