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Even among countries differing little in race , religion , and history , it was found all but impossible to reconcile the existence of state rights with the creation of a strong central and national power . I venture to assure all my readers that this forgetfulness of England and by England I here mean the country known , and famous , as England before the legal creation either of Great Britain or of the United Kingdom is a fashion opposed both to common sense and to common justice , and , like all opposition to the nature of things , will ultimately come to nothing . It is in truth the obligation to discharge a public duty , and whether this miscalled right should be conferred upon or withheld from Englishwomen can be decided only by determining whether their possession of the parliamentary vote will conduce to the welfare of England . This novel phenomenon , which perplexes moralists and statesmen , is that large classes of otherwise respectable persons now hold the belief and act on the conviction that it is not only allowable , but even highly praiseworthy , to break the law of the land if the law-breaker is pursuing some end which to him or to her seems to be just and desirable . But then this admission , while it does away with some of the difficulties besetting the policy which is miscalled Imperial federalism , raises a whole body of difficult and all but unanswerable questions . Paley sees far more dearly into the true nature of the then existing constitution than did Blackstone . In this system , judges would not be paid as much as they are today , but more would be selected , and would serve for shorter terms , thus distributing the burden of judicial service over a larger number of citizens . On the other hand , the officials would , because they were servants of the state who had undertaken certain duties to the state , be forbidden either to organise a strike or in any way to interrupt the working of the Post Office . To an Englishman who still holds , as was universally held by every English statesman till at the very earliest 1880 , that the union between England and Scotland was the wisest and most fortunate among the achievements of British statesmanship , there is great difficulty in understanding the new belief that the federalisation of the United Kingdom will confer benefit upon any of the inhabitants of Great Britain.106 A candid critic may be able to account for the existence of a political creed which he does not affect to share . " / 1 / This is the reason which governed easements , and the very phrase which was used to account for all possessors being bound by a covenant binding a parcel of land to warranty . The wisdom or experience of the House of Lords is in matters of permanent legislation thereby deprived of all influence . In this way , judicial panels would be governed by a similar rule to that for trial juries for verdicts in criminal cases . It seems to have been thought that such a covenant might go either way , according as it was made to the tenant of the manor or to a stranger . The wide gift of the elective franchise will be a great calamity to the whole nation , and to those who gain it as great a calamity as to any . The 670 members of the House of Commons together with the 600 and odd members of the House of Lords112 contain a far greater proportion of educated men endowed with marked intellectual power and trained in the exercise of some high political virtues than would generally be found among , say , 1270 electors collected merely by chance from an electorate of more man 8,000,000 . Throughout this Introduction , unless the contrary is expressly stated , or appears from the context , no reference is made to the position either of ( i. ) the Crown colonies , or ( ii . Politicians may have talked of it when it happened to suit their party interest , but to the mass of the people the idea of federation has always been , and I venture to assert at this moment is , unknown and all but incomprehensible . Now rules or practices of this kind must inevitably restrict the power of bringing into a Swiss Cabinet all the best political talent to be found in Switzerland .