[lemma=prevent] [!word=□] □ □
[lemma=prevent] [!word=the] □ □
Faculty members have been recognized worldwide for their leadership and pioneering work in diverse areas including : developing techniques for both fetal blood transfusions [ Berkowitz ] and chorionic villus sampling ( CVS ) [ Goldberg , Lynch , Berkowitz , Stone ] ; elucidating markers for pre-term birth [ Lockwood ] ; evaluating non-invasive techniques to diagnose fetal chromosomal abnormalities [ Eddleman , Stone ] ; international clinical trials that demonstrated zidovudine could prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 [ Sperling ] ; discovering the link between endometrial cancer and estrogen hormone therapy [ Gusberg ] ; introducing platinum for the treatment of ovarian cancer [ Cohen ] ; advancing minimally invasive techniques for surgical management of gynecologic disease [ Nezhat ] ; and , improving in vitro fertilization techniques to help sperm penetrate egg cells [ Gordon ] . The recent finding that short-course nevaripine therapy can successfully prevent maternal-infant transmission of HIV-1 may represent an important step in this direction . " The first successful study demonstrating the utility of antiretroviral agents to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 was completed and published in 1994 ( 2 ) .