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The cost of supplying maintenance doses to addicts is minuscule compared to the cost of combating an ever-rising level of drug related crime by orthodox methods . Nuclear techniques have contributed to the early diagnosis and treatment of cancer , the assessment of nutritional deficiencies in women and children , the timely detection of communicable diseases , and the accurate measurement of radiation doses to patients . The improved accuracy is improving cancer detection and reducing radiation doses to women receiving mammograms . Our ability to extrapolate cancer risks from animal experiments conducted at high doses to humans , typically exposed to doses that are orders of magnitude lower , requires understanding the details of the metabolism of a chemical and its molecular mechanism of interaction at the target site . The assessed radiation doses to members of the public are all well below the dose limits in the Ionising Radiations Regulations 1999 .