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Branches and sales offices of overseas companies are treated as incorporated businesses , and representative offices are treated as sole proprietorships . The ERC addresses issues of healing , including healing templates for large-area wounds , percutaneous connections for prosthetic limbs , long-term implantable glucose sensors , small-diameter vascular grafts , and cochlear implants . Autoimmune diseases are conditions where the body 's immune system attacks parts of the body . Cherland seems to wonder about this also and , in her final chapter , addresses issues of class and race by raising the kind of question about social-class inequality mentioned above , which seems unwarranted by the evidence she presents . Specifically addresses issues of measurement-related school improvement , the purposes and products of school improvement , and possible applications of school improvement measurements to the School Improvement Plan . A high incidence of data errors of any type increases the likelihood that there may be other errors that go undetected and calls into question the reliability of the entire body of state data . This document addresses issues of levels of service quality , timeliness , accessibility , response policies , authoritative service , expertise , privacy and review mechanisms . The model addresses issues of presentation , access , bibliographic control , and technology .