[lemma=□]
[lemma=nowak]
" A virus is a natural-born cheat that makes its living by exploiting the vital functions of a host cell , " Martin A. Nowak of the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton , N.J ., and Karl Sigmund of the University of Vienna in Austria note in the same issue of Nature . Manfred Nowak , UN Commission on Human Rights Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel , inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment , briefs on his report to the UN General Assembly [ includes discussion of legal problems associated with states ' rendition of terror suspects to countries where they may be tortured , even in instances where diplomatic assurances against torture are sought from the receiving country ] , October 26 , 2005 . " The situation as far as torture is concerned now in Iraq is totally out of hand , " said Manfred Nowak . The increasing incidence of discovery of the bodies of women and teenage girls , shot in the chest rather than in the head , has been attributed to the establishment by both extremist Sunnis and Shias of secretive sharia committees , which locals say carry out killings.In a separate development , Manfred Nowak , the UN 's special investigator , said torture was " totally out of hand " and might even be worse now than under Saddam Hussein . Jan Nowak , the longtime director of the Polish section of Radio Free Europe , is now a hero in his own country .