[tag=DT] | [!(lemma=spring | tag=VBZ)] [□=□]
[tag=DT] | [!(lemma=spring | tag=VBZ)] [lemma=□]
[tag=DT] | [!(lemma=spring | tag=VBZ)] [tag=□]
The symptoms of blight caused by this fungus , Phytophthora cactorum , may be confused with the symptoms produced by Botrytis sp. Gooseberries and currants , although closely related , can easily be identified by examining the canes and fruit color ; gooseberry canes normally produce a spine at each leaf node and bear roughly grape-sized berries singly or in groups of 2 or 3 , while currant canes lack spines or prickles and bear 8 to 30 smaller fruit in clusters ( figure 1 ) . The SIR-C instrument addresses some of these concerns , although the low orbit inclination ( < 57deg . Drain , then boil the apples for 5 minutes in a light or medium sugar syrup . Finally , an issue has only recently emerged as a critical one - - the need for properly georeferenced data sets at all stages . Powdery mildew can be a serious foliar disease in some years and some locations ; for control of powder mildew or another specific insect or disease pest , contact your county extension office . Because some types fit tightly to the trunk , they can cause the bark to stay moist , leading to disease . Some varieties are resistant to apple scab ; see Table 1 . Rid the proposed planting site of all perennial weeds as they are much more difficult to control after planting . At the other end of the fruitfulness spectrum , some varieties are " pollen sterile , " meaning they do not have the ability to pollinate another tree . Before each cut is made it is advisable to dip the pruning shears in a 1:10 chlorine bleach : water dilution . All diseased canes should be pruned off by cutting several inches into good wood . Disease Cycle : Botrytis is a gray fungus that generally lives on dying tissue . " These 4 to 5 scaffold branches should begin about 30 inches from the ground ( 40 inches if turf will be located beneath the branches and need to be mowed ) , should be spaced as equally around the trunk as possible and should be spaced vertically at least 6 inches from one another . Only a few of these events would result in a disaster , but all would be of essential scientific interest if we are to make significant progress in understanding the earthquake cycle . Another disease appears as small , circular , red discolored spots occurring first on the leaves . Figure 3.2 compares the operative temporal and spatial scales accessible through some of the techniques used to measure deformation . Before planting the vine , remove all canes except the most vigorous one . Iris leaf spot is a common disease caused by the fungus , Mycosphaerella macrospora ( formerly Didymellina macrospora ) . Atmospheric effects are another source of systematic error in surface displacement estimates from SAR interferometry because they change the refraction index , through which the radar signal passes , and thus corrupt the radar phase observable . Iris borer caterpillars ( Macronoctua onusta ) are the most destructive insect pests of iris . Some home fruit growers construct chicken-wire cages around their fruit trees to keep deer from eating their trees in winter . Cankers on stems may cause twisting or , if the stem is very young , it may be killed . Although the sign of Botrytis is a key diagnostic feature , you must remember that Botrytis may also appear as a secondary decay fungus . Apple scab is the most damaging disease of apple trees in Minnesota .