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By improving the incomes of poor farmers in poor countries , this should reduce the pressure farm marginal land and clear forests . Water pollution , arising from inadequate water supply and sanitation , is both a public health risk and an environmental problem in many cities . People who have more capability to cope with extreme events or stresses are at lesser risk and are , therefore , more secure . Most African countries fall under the category of high risk and low coping capacity . The low risk and high coping capacity scenario is the ideal . In 1994 , the UN Human Development Report introduced the concept of human security , predicating it on the dual notion of , on the one hand , safety from chronic threats of hunger , disease and repression and , on the other hand , protection from sudden and hurtful disruptions in daily life . In Eastern and Southern Africa conflict between user groups over land and resources is the priority issue , resulting from competition between agriculture , pastoralists , and conservation areas , and from complex and inappropriate land tenure policies . The South African government is committed to buying land and resettling the landless . Figure 2s.8 illustrates links between stresses on land and water resources , others are highlighted below . Their works were hugely popular and known for their sentimentality and devotion to home and family , featuring heroines who struggle through domestic difficulties , improve their characters , and find true love and the inevitable happy ending . They also had major impacts on the way in which land and other natural resources were used . Only pockets of Africa fall under the low risk and low coping capacity .