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As you prune your young tree to achieve a good form , you may also need to train it . The fungus may also infect stub ends of stems from which flowers have been cut . The practical result of this is that soil moisture has not been used as measurable variable in any of our current hydrologic , climatic , agricultural , or biogeochemical models . Fungicides are of limited effectiveness against this disease , but basic copper sulfate or Mancozeb can be applied early in the season when shoots are about six inches tall to help protect the plant . Apple and pear trees require patience , knowledge and skill to grow well . What has not yet been achieved , but is possible in principle with accurate space-based data , is a complete mass balance of fluxes of both water and sediment through a drainage basin . In severe cases , the layover and shadowing produced by mountainous terrain makes classification inappropriate for these regions unless azimuth and viewing geometry have been carefully considered in the SAR sampling strategy . In less severe cases , the ancillary digital elevation data have been used to generate approximate corrections for terrain effects prior to classification . While it may not be possible to do so in all circumstances , the intention is to provide appropriate assistance to staff and to take a positive attitude to making adjustments .