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Van Patten has argued that a type of instruction , which he called ‘ processing instruction ’ , would help learners to process information via comprehension practice . A theoretical basis for this type of instruction is discussed , as well as the benefits and challenges associated with its application to this particular material . In reading , this type of instruction focused on maximizing reading comprehension and integrating reading instruction into the language arts curriculum . These include a study to assess the effects of different types and amounts of teacher training on student achievement ; another study that broadly examines teacher preparation programs and the type of instruction they provide , particularly in reading and mathematics ; and a study of teacher preparation in early reading instruction . This type of instruction is only offered in combination with lecture and may not be used as the only type of instruction for a course .