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In this study , Ira Berlin fulfills his radical revision of the static and time-frozen views of American slavery that tended to dominate scholarship in the generation following World War II. Berlin 's new book builds bridges between his masterly and prize-winning Many Thousands Gone : The First Two Centuries of Slavery in North America ( 1998 ) , which portrays slavery largely from the slaves ' point of view , and Berlin 's earlier leadership in reconstructing African Americans ' central role in the Civil War and in helping to define the meaning of their own emancipation . This approach to Indigenous affairs reflected an acknowledgement of the injustices of colonisation , in international politics and law following World War II. On 14 December 1960 , the United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution , the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples.113 The Declaration includes a provision that ‘ the subjection of peoples to alien subjugation , domination and exploitation constitutes a denial of fundamental human rights , is contrary to the Charter of the United Nations and is an impediment to the promotion of world peace and co-operation ’ 114 and ‘ all peoples have the right to self-determination ; by virtue of that right they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic , social and cultural development . Western Europe moved from a major war-zone to a zone of peace in the years following World War II. South America started the move to regional peace , even if not perfectly , much earlier in the 20th century . U.S. leadership was critical to the fifty year movement toward freer trade begun following World War II. U.S. leadership was critical to the promotion of economic and political reform in developing economies over the same period . Partially independent from the UK in 1922 , Egypt acquired full sovereignty following World War II.