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There are extremely large data sets , symbolic problems , numeric problems , learning problems , scheduling problems , problems with missing or imperfect information , visualization problems , human interaction problems , and the list goes on . With price / performance improvements of up to 40 times that of previous generations , visualization power previously only accessible to major facilities can now be routinely deployed to companies and small labs , accelerating time to market . While computer graphics remain the underpinning technology of this discipline , visualization now includes - and must support - databases , real-time interaction , networking , supercomputing , multimedia , visual programming , systems theory , and human perception . Mass storage , visualization facilities and networks , which are essential complements to raw CPU power , are briefly described with a discussion of the future needs in these areas for Energy Research . These include parallel and vector supercomputers , visualization facilities and data storage capabilities . Wes Bethel , a staff scientist at Berkeley Lab , is the author of more than 60 technical publications covering themes such as remote and distributed visualization , visualization architectures , high performance visualization , visualization algorithms , and applications of visualization to understand data in many different scientific domains . NERSC and the other centers provide scientists from the Office of Energy Research with a very high-level shared computing facility , including at this time a massively parallel computer , a cluster of vector multiprocessors , a mass storage system , visualization facilities , a user support organization , networking and software . The Greenbook also addresses the use of distributed computational systems and the need for enhanced mass storage , visualization facilities , and networks . The computing systems considered in that activity consist of large collections of computing engines , storage devices , visualization facilities , operating systems , middleware , and application software .