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Such transmission is most effectively explained in terms of cumulative developments in cognitive ecology , in historical rather than evolutionary time . Provides brief laboratory protocols for each molecular method and summaries of software available for analysis of data in molecular ecology . Part One and Two offer an eagle 's eye view of the province , a primer in basic ecology and tips on safe ecotouring . These methods have stimulated an explosion of empirical and analytical developments in molecular ecology , which have in turn , increasingly attracted students and professional biologists eager to employ them in their studies . Despite their small size , Haptophytes play an important part in marine ecology since many species can be found in astronomical numbers . Optimization techniques with applications to current problems in behavioral ecology .