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Since then , Justice Sandra Day O'Connor , who was in the majority , has been replaced by Justice Samuel A. Alito Jr. " Wittes worries that " the increasingly partisan nature of Senate votes on nominees " such as Roberts and Justice Samuel A. Alito Jr ., " probably imprints upon " newly seated justices " a stronger partisan identity than they had prior to nomination . " At no time in the past has there been a greater global appetite " for reliable information on global warming , the panel 's chairman , climatologist Rajendra Pachauri of India , told the conference.The report is expected to warn of continued temperature rises through the century and reiterate that people-created pollution is partly to blame.But debate may arise at the closed-door meetings over how much sea levels are rising.Early drafts of the paper foresaw smaller sea level rises than the last report , in 2001 . Japan , also seen as a regional rival , is similarly vulnerable , while any potential conflicts in space would put much of the industrialized world 's economies at risk , given that satellites are used to relay phone calls and data and to map weather systems.The Jan. 11 test , first reported last week by the magazine Aviation Week , destroyed a defunct Chinese weather satellite by hitting it with a warhead launched on board a ballistic missile . " If you look at all the briefs , they are all written to Justice Kennedy , " said Benjamin W. Bull , chief counsel of the Alliance Defense Fund , an antiabortion legal organization.Solicitor General Paul D. Clement quotes Kennedy 's Stenberg dissent 22 times in his briefs defending the federal law , which was adopted by a wide margin in Congress and signed by Bush in 2003.Bush 's conservative appointees , Chief Justice John G. Roberts Jr. and Justice Samuel A. Alito Jr ., have thin track records on abortion , and some court-watchers say they may not be sure to vote to support the ban.As chief justice , Roberts might have institutional concerns if the court appears to abandon a major abortion ruling that has been on the books for only six years . Well it 's AMD , and IBM on the server side , so it kind of evens out , " Ross said.The transistor advance is the latest twist in the microprocessor industry , which has seen dramatic shifts in fortune over the past couple of years.In the latest round , Intel is believed to be beating back AMD , which had been grabbing market share thanks to chips that were more powerful and efficient than Intel's.The past year has been rough on Intel and AMD shares as a price war chews into profits and gross margins at both companies.Intel shares , which closed at $ 20.53 on Friday , have fallen 5 percent over the past year , versus a drop of nearly 60 percent for AMD stock , which ended at $ 16.22.Industry progress is guided by Moore 's Law , the industry maxim laid down by Intel co-founder Gordon Moore in 1965 that the number of transistors on a chip doubles every two years or so.The current cutting edge of chip production is based on a manufacturing process that etches circuits just 65 nanometers across - - more than a thousand times thinner than a human hair.Intel has long planned to begin making chips with 45-nanometer circuits later this year , and it said last week it has successfully produced working processors on that scale , putting it on track to meet its timetable.But although the companies use Moore 's Law as a guide , the shrinking process is far from automatic.Each generation poses new challenges , and engineers are now dealing with such tiny sizes that they continually need to tweak basic elements of chip design.Last Friday 's developments involve replacing a silicon-based material used in one layer of chips since the 1960s with a substance based on hafnium , an exotic metal used in the nuclear industry.Ross said that although AMD has a much smaller research effort than Intel , its partnership with IBM had given it some tricks to keep it competitive . Senate Republicans Prevent Vote on Minimum-Wage BillSenate Republicans blocked Democrats yesterday from fulfilling a campaign promise to increase the federal minimum wage , demanding that the pay increase be paired with a tax break for small businesses.On a vote of 54 to 43 , Democrats fell six short of the 60 needed to end debate and go to passage of a House-approved bill to raise the minimum wage for the first time in a decade - - boosting it over two years to $ 7.25 per hour from $ 5.15 . Douglas A. Berman , a law professor at Ohio State University , said : " It 's probably the normal number , but I always think they take too many . The newest justice , Samuel A. Alito Jr ., wrote a dissent that was joined by Stephen G. Breyer and Anthony M. Kennedy , who also filed a separate dissent.Roberts 's decision to join the majority is especially important , according to Marquette University law professor Michael O'Hear and others who follow criminal justice issues ; his predecessor , William H. Rehnquist , was on the other side . and were more than four times less likely to pay off credit card balances in full , " Koran and his colleagues reported in the latest American Journal of Psychiatry.Richard Morin is a senior editor at the Pew Research Center .