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In an earlier day the school attempted to instill ideals directly by means of a memorization of mottoes , maxims , slogans , pledges , oaths , creeds , and similar material , and this method is still used to a considerable extent.1 Perhaps the use of these devices can be justified in the lower grades , provided they are meaningful , because these younger boys and girls lack the knowledge , experience , and maturity necessary for a recognition and appreciation of the many implications of an indirect presentation of the same idea . Head Start and other education programs can be justified on the same grounds .