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Ryan concluded that to do so would be " an exercise in raw judicial power having no basis in the First Amendment . Eight states ( Arizona , California , Colorado , Hawaii , Illinois , Missouri , Oklahoma and Pennsylvania ) passed resolutions in 1994 that asserted state sovereignty under the Tenth Amendment and called on the federal government to " cease and desist " from actions that exceed the constitutional delegation of powers from the states . A control board created by Congress and the president in 1995 took over the city 's finances and also governs its schools . But when Secretary Riley called a news conference last year for the specific purpose of making the case against tax-funded vouchers , The Washington Post noted that national polls show growing support for vouchers among parents , particularly minorities , and said , " To voucher supporters , the timing and tenor of Riley 's comments yesterday suggested that the administration senses public sentiment changing . " The sponsors committed a minimum of $ 5 million a year for 10 years to the program . " Sponsors of the legislation reply that this is the " if the Titanic does n't have enough lifeboats for every body , nobody should use one " argument . Cost-benefit analysis alerts us to the fact that the regulation of trivial risks can be very expensive . Superfund was largely a response to the infamous discovery of an abandoned chemical dump beneath the residential community of Love Canal , N.Y.45 Across the country , fearful citizens demanded federal action to avert what was perceived to be a nationwide crisis : the existence of hundreds of sites at which chemical " time bombs " threatened to cause disease and death . Hence , the Wisconsin Supreme Court held that the Milwaukee program did not violate the Wisconsin Constitution 's prohibition against public funds for the " benefit " of religious schools , because children were the primary beneficiaries and the benefit to schools is indirect .