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However , our studies also revealed a direct interaction between the NMDA receptor and SALMs , which occurs through the extracellular part of these proteins . Memory helper T cells are labeled CD4 + CCR5 + , to note that the chemokine receptor ( CCR5 ) is present on the surface of the helper T cell . The C - terminal truncation mutant lacking 110 amino acids from the C-terminus of the sigma receptor is still seen to inhibit the K + channel . The mutated gene is similar to the ethylene receptor isolated from arabidopsis , suggesting that never-ripe is an ethylene receptor mutant . One possible set of intermediates between the influx of calcium via the NMDA receptor and the increased activity of calcineurin following SE are the cysteine aspartic acid-specific proteases , collectively known as caspases . Compounds that block the sigma receptor inhibit cells from responding to dopamine , a chemical messenger that contributes to many of the addictive effects of cocaine as well as of other addictive drugs . It is possible that activation of the CLV1 receptor results in the production of a secondary signal that diffuses throughout the meristem . We have expressed C-terminal truncations of the sigma-1 receptor along with the Kv 1.4 in Xenopus oocytes to determine the region on the sigma receptor responsible for inhibition of the K + channel . Future investigations will examine whether rimcazole and related compounds block other stimulant-induced effects of cocaine , attempt to isolate the exact nature of their effects at the sigma receptor and dopamine transporter , and — if the compounds continue to show promise — evaluate their safety and efficacy in animals and people . The association of SALMs with the NMDA receptor was observed by immunoprecipitating the SALMs from rat brain and probing with antibodies to the NMDA receptor . Rimcazole achieves its cocaine-suppressing effects at least in part by binding to and blocking the sigma receptor . This interaction appears to occur through the members of the PSD-95 protein family since both SALMs and the NMDA receptor interact with these proteins . We investigated this further by showing that over-expressing SALM proteins led to a co-clustering of SALM with the NMDA receptor .