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Although a wide variety of technologies are available for monitoring air pollutants , economic and skill-related problems limit their use in many regions . Farms create conditions for the spread of disease and parasites and , through the escape of farmed fish , introduce invasive species . Precipitation changes will also affect streamflow and the availability of irrigation.In regions where irrigation depends on melting snow , as in much of South Asia , the retreat of glaciers and reduction in snowfall could have grave consequences for water availability in summer ( Barnett and others 2005 ) . Current policy approaches are improving the situation , but environmental and social impacts and costs are not yet adequately addressed and accounted for. In 1994 , the UN Human Development Report introduced the concept of human security , predicating it on the dual notion of , on the one hand , safety from chronic threats of hunger , disease and repression and , on the other hand , protection from sudden and hurtful disruptions in daily life . Efforts should also be made to encourage the use of recycled or sustainably produced building materials , and innovations are required in building design to reduce environmental impact ( e.g . Tennyson was appointed Poet Laureate in November 1850 and , though he dutifully wrote " official " poems for royal occasions , transformed the position , previously held by Wordsworth and Southey , from a political sinecure into an active platform for contributing to public opinion . Because the affected population has become vulnerable and has lost coping capacities , such costs are usually taken up by governments , relief agencies , donors and , in many cases , nearby sympathetic communities usually give assistance , especially in kind .