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Articles 1 , 15 and 16 of the law establish a procedure and conditions for the acquisition of Lithuanian citizenship and none of these conditions are connected with any exceptions on the basis of sex . On appeal Cavallo challenged the constitutionality of the 1978 extradition treaty and its protocol between Mexico and Spain , on several grounds , inter alia , that the treaty violated the guarantees of equality , security and protection of the law under Articles 1 , 14 , 16 and 19 of the Mexican Constitution . The Community shares competence with its Member States on the following matters governed by this Agreement : requirements of developing States , scientific research , port State measures and measures adopted in respect of non-members of regional fisheries organizations and non-Parties to the Agreement.The following provisions of the Agreement apply both to the Community and to its Member States : - - general provisions : ( Articles 1 , 4 and 34 to 50 ) - - dispute settlement : ( Part VIII ) Interpretative declarations :1 . The lawmaking activities of the Russian Federation in this direction are fully in the spirit of Articles 1 , 4 , 19 and 20 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities . These actions violate the principles of Articles 2 and 12 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights as well as guarantees and other articles of the Constitution including Articles 1 , 5 , 6 , 8 , 9 , 11 , 12 , 14 , 16 , 22 and 129 . This law interprets petitions as " any requests , claims , suggestions or statements presented in written form to any state organs of public administration , ministries , departments and agencies , as well as to enterprises , institutions and organizations with any form of property " ( Articles 1 , 4 and 5 of the law ) . Office ( PTO ) has remained the same to promote the progress of science and the useful arts by securing for limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries ( Articles 1 , Section 8 of the United States Constitution ) . The Court finds that in view of the positions put forward by the Parties with respect to the rights and obligations which Articles 1 , 5 , 6 , 7 and 8 of the Convention would entail for them that there exists between them not only a dispute of a general nature , as defined above , but also a specific dispute which concerns the interpretation and application of Article 7 read in conjunction with Article 1 , Article 5 , Article 6 and Article 8 of the Convention , and which , in accordance with Article 14 , paragraph 1 , of the Convention , falls to be decided by the Court . Along with the revision of Article 8 , the Act provides related changes in Articles 1 , 4 , 5 , 9 , and 10 , including a number of changes concerning security interests in Article 9 .