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Two conditioned reflexes delayed for 30 seconds were established , the conditioned stimulus being in the first case flashes of electric lamps , and in the second tactile stimulation of the skin ; a third conditioned reflex to a metronome was delayed for 3 minutes ; the inhibitory phase of this reflex was equal to 11/2 -2 minutes : all three reflexes were established with the help of acid . In Dresden all the bridges across the river had to be closed and many of the cultural landmarks were inundated , the famous Semper Opera 's basement being flooded by three metres of water . In the second dog [ experiments by Dr. Pavlova ] positive conditioned reflexes were established to the sound of a whistle , to a sound of bubbling , and to a tactile stimulus . Between 1853 and 2005 , more than 1700 excavations were conducted in the city , providing an enormous database for the reconstruction of the physical layout of the city from its beginnings to the Early Modern period . Similar results were obtained by Dr. Podkopaev in another dog , in which positive conditioned alimentary reflexes were established to a definite tone and to a metronome beating at a rate of 120 per minute ; an inhibitory reflex based upon differentiation was established to a stimulus of 60 beats of the metronome per minute . Elements were taken notably from the drafts submitted by the Groups of Canada , Chile , France , Germany , Iran and Norway . Conditioned reflexes were established to several stimuli belonging to different analysers , particular attention being directed to maintaining an equal number of repetitions of all the various stimuli , always , of course , with their reinforcement . In one of these [ experiments of Dr. Golovina ] positive reflexes were established to a definite tone , to a sound of a whistle , and to a tactile stimulus . Soon after is the Provaccia where the horses are given a final taste of the course around the piazza .