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In 2005 , China had the world 's largest total investment in renewable energy sources , excluding large scale hydropower plants , with expenditures of $ 6 billion and the largest installed capacity of renewable energy , also excluding large scale hydropower projects such as the Three Gorges Project . The Advanced Hydropower Technology ( AHT ) activity supports the development of technologies that will enable hydropower projects to generate more electricity with less environmental impact . Since its founding in 2000 , the group has spurred 1,500 parishes and other participants to purchase 12 million kilowatt-hours of renewable electricity generated by Maine hydropower and biomass plants and 804,000 kilowatt-hours of wind and solar electricity . Half of the electricity now comes from Maine hydropower and the other half from Maine biomass , such as wood chips and sawdust . On a global scale hydropower dams account for 19 percent of the electricity generated and for an estimated 12 to 16 percent of global food production . Better water use forecasting should enable hydropower plant managers to maintain or even increase hydropower production at California hydropower facilities . Hydropower plants are not always environmentally friendly Conflict pits protection of waters against climate protection Hydropower is currently still the single most significant source of renewable energy in Germany . Most , if not all environmental groups consider and evaluate hydropower as a totally separate category of renewable energy because of these concerns . Development of local water technology : The Facility will support a programme that will utilize simple technology and build on local initiatives to rapidly expand access to water and sanitation , irrigation and small scale hydropower , up-scaling and commercialization of research results focused on the rural areas in Africa .