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However , home growers who prefer not to spray fungicides may enjoy growing these varieties . The same insects that are pests of apple — codling moth , plum curculio and apple maggot among them — may harm developing pear fruits as well . Annual drawings help when you're making garden plans during the winter , and are a good way to keep an ongoing record of what you purchased each year . Drip irrigation , which minimizes foliar wetness , is recommended for gardeners who have this problem . Cultural measures such as improving air circulation , watering midday and watering only at the base of the plant ( do n't get the leaves wet ) will greatly reduce infection . As the affected areas enlarge , the margins remain reddish and the bark in the central part turns gray and then brown . When choosing which apple varieties to grow , consider what you plan to do with the fruit . It 's amazing - - how after a long winter we can forget what we planted and exactly where it was planted . Even a moderate event near downtown Los Angeles during business hours , or a great earthquake along the San Andreas Fault in southern California could lead to much more severe losses of life and property , dealing a devastating blow to the socioeconomic structure of the state of California . The objectives of pruning are to remove dead and diseased wood , shape the bush , maintain an adequate number of vigorous main stems to prevent overbearing , and to stimulate new shoot growth . Apply wood chip mulch four inches deep in a three foot circular area around the tree . What causes temporal variations in strain and episodic eruptions ? In order to develop this framework , the first pruning task is to select or develop what we call " scaffold branches . The front of the adult beetle is dark metallic green , and it 's about 3/8 of an inch long . Pack the soil firmly around the roots , then mulch the planting with 2 to 4 inches of sawdust , peat moss , or chopped straw . The crown and lower leaves of infected plants are often covered with white mats of cottony growth called mycelia .