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If a geranium planting is of particularly high value and rust has been a problem in previous years , fungicides may be applied to prevent infection . Fourth , insecticidal soap or ZeroTol ( a concentrated solution of hydrogen peroxide ) should be applied when symptoms become evident . For now , however , sanitation ( promptly removing and destroying fallen fruit and leaves ) , cultural practices designed to promote optimum tree health , and perhaps occasional physical or chemical intervention are all that is normally needed to obtain a satisfying crop in most years . Plants ordered from mail-order sources are usually sent bare-root , while those purchased from a local nursery may either be bare-root or potted . The University of Minnesota has long advised gardeners to plant pear varieties grafted only to hardy seedling pear rootstocks to ensure survival in Minnesota . As apples ripen , starch in the flesh is converted to sugar . A fungicide can be applied to protect new shoots , leaves and buds from infection . Scab spores overwinter on fallen apple leaves , so removing all leaves from under the tree in autumn can lessen the severity this disease , although it may not prevent it . In order to be effective , they must be applied at the first sign of disease and repeated every 7-10 days . Fungicides must be applied early to protect leaves .