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Scientific realists think science is the best representation that we have of what the world is like and that its representations correspond pretty closely to the way things actually are . He points out that , according to the realist who adopts the abductive strategy , the methods of science are to be philosophically justified by appeal to a posteriori scientific findings , i.e ., by appeal to the scientific realist 's scientific explanation for their reliability . For example , suppose we are scientific realists and start with the historical processes actually observed . By attacking this latter distinction , the holistic " pragmaticising " strain in analytic philosophy has helped us see how the metaphysical urge - common to fuzzy Whiteheadians and razor-sharp " scientific realists " - works . " [ 20 ] Although Hempel recognized that many theoretical entities and processes cannot be directly observed ( e. g. gravity cannot be observed ; only the effects of gravity can be observed ) , as a scientific realist he believed that a theory well-confirmed by experiment translated to a high probability that the entities and processes of the theory really did exist . In conclusion , it is critical that more people utilize the environmental legal and scientific systems and , more importantly , exert their voice to impact environmental decision-making regardless of the personal , academic , or professional implications . During this interactive event , attendees , their parents and the public will be able to see engineering and scientific systems at work in many of the sponsors ' exhibits , and to speak with local scientists and engineers . Although , of course , not the only source of knowledge and skills required for liberation of humanity from lethality , nonkilling global political science in concert with all who respond to the spiritual and scientific realist imperative of " No more killing ! The scientific realist may continue this line of thought by arguing that all measures of empirical success in fact are at best indicators of real cognitive progress , measured in terms of truth or truthlikeness . It is important to remember that Indian students like their non-Indian counterparts are not knowledgeable about the history and details of how their predecessors developed scientific systems and integrated new knowledge with old - - they come to school to learn how such systems developed . People who hold to this position are termed “ scientific realists ” , and they believe that it makes possible a theoretical reductionism that integrates the theories specific to different domains of reality by seeing them as themselves determined by the underlying nature of things . This criticism is levelled against Rorty not only from the standpoint of metaphysical and scientific realist views of the sort that Rorty hopes will soon be extinct . This resistance historically has been and continues to be modeled by imperial and capitalist relations and by selected European scientific systems . Most scientific realists accept inference to the best explanation . And in the East , from the most remote antiquity to the present day , scientific systems of illuminism have been in daily practice from the highest to the lowest in the land ; though , as we consider , much corrupted by an ignorant priestcraft , by absurd superstitions and by a science which fell to a divine revelation in place of rising to a sublime art .