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Berkeley Lab researchers had earlier led a collaboration to equip SOLO floats ( Sounding Oceanic Lagrangian Observers ) , designed at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography to measure temperature and salinity at various depths , with particulate organic carbon detectors plus global positioning and fast communications systems . The control group underwent parental reassurance , positioning and unthickened feeds . This technique offers two important advantages over other emulsification strategies in that it both allows for a significant reduction in the smallest drop size that can be obtained , and also it generates droplets that have an electrostatic charge that can be further used in their manipulation for droplet positioning and controlled coalescence .