□ □ □
[□] □ □
[] □ □
There are thousands of gene pairs included , but for simplicity , only 196 genes are involved in our analysis . Gene deserts were once considered to have no biological use and were dismissed as “ junk DNA . Both gene deletions led to increased damage to proteins , lipids and DNA but only one influenced ageing . By means of exposures to radium or X-rays , 541 different gene loci were identified by mutation , 81 of which were mapped to a specific chromosome . All deduced gene products possessed the typical conserved regions implicated in cysteine desulphurase activity , and the N-terminal amino acid extension , which resembled the presequences that target proteins to hydrogenosomes .