In clonogenetic fetal calf serum -supplemented ( FCS+ ) or -nonsupplemented ( FCS- ) culture treated with saturating levels of interleukin-3 ( IL-3 ) granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor ( GM-CSF ) and erythropoietin ( Ep ) ( combined with c-kit ligand in FCS ( - ) -culture conditions ) , RA induces a dramatic dose-dependent shift from erythroid to granulomonocytic colony formation , the latter colonies being essentially represented by granulocytic clones .
in clonogenetic fetal calf serum -supplemented ( fcs+ ) or -nonsupplemented ( fcs- ) culture treated with saturating levels of interleukin-3 ( il-3 ) granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor ( gm-csf ) and erythropoietin ( ep ) ( combined with c-kit ligand in fcs ( - ) -culture conditions ) , ra induces a dramatic dose-dependent shift from erythroid to granulomonocytic colony formation , the latter colonies being essentially represented by granulocytic clones .
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