Talarian
The Talarians were a warp-capable humanoid species from the Talarian homeworld. They were native to the Alpha Quadrant and the name of their government was the Talarian Republic.

Physiology
Talarians were characterized by a distinctive hairless enlargement of the coronal area of the skull extending in two lobes to the back of the head. Talarian blood was red, and Talarians were susceptible to radiation burns and respiratory distress. ()

Raktajino was known to have intoxicating effect on Talarians. ()

Society and history

Talarians followed a strict set of traditions and customs. Their society was rigidly patriarchal, where a woman could never outrank a man, and encouraged warrior-like behavior. ()

Xenophobic tendencies among Talarians were hinted at by Jono's revelation in 2367 that Talarians wore gloves when touching aliens. Removing the gloves and touching someone with the bare hands was a sign of affection and respect.

Talarians were very competitive; games, tests, and competitions were an important part of their culture, and children regularly engaged in contests and challenges. Sharing victory was an important part of the games. Furthermore, when undertaking the tests, pain was not a consideration as passing the tests was what mattered.

Bowing was considered a sign of respect, affection and solidarity. When meeting a close person, the bowing was extended by touching arms and gently pressing foreheads. 

When a Talarian boy had reached the age of fourteen, the Age of Decision, he underwent a ceremony of initiation and after that had the freedom to make his own choices. 

The B'Nar was a Talarian ritual of mourning. When Talarians were in distress, they performed the B'Nar, which consisted of a high-pitched shriek and rocking back and forth.

Adolescent Talarians listened to Alba Ra, a loud, discordant, electronic form of contemporary, 24th century, Talarian music, comparative to Human rock and roll.

Talarians were known to ride t'stayans, very strong, six-hoofed animals native to their homeworld. 

Talarians had trouble sleeping in Human beds as they hurt their backs. Jono installed a hammock in Jean-Luc Picard's quarters, so it is possible that hammocks were their preferred bedding. 

Talarian men often wore full beards. Talarian males, young and old, wore a short thin braid of hair, originating between the two hairless lobes at the back of their head.

During the mid-24th century, the Talarians were involved in a series of small skirmishes with the United Federation of Planets, most notably the Galen border conflict, which lasted at least until 2357. 

In 2367, the  responded to the distress call of a Talarian observation craft (likely used as a training ship for young Talarian warriors). The craft was found adrift in Sector 21947. The craft had developed a serious radiation leak within its propulsion system, and Dr. Beverly Crusher's team evacuated the survivors, including a Human youth named Jono, to the Enterprise. Soon after, the Talarian warship Q'Maire, commanded by Endar, along with two sister ships, intercepted and surrounded the Enterprise in the hopes of forcing the release of Jono, Endar's adoptive son. An armed conflict was averted when Captain Jean-Luc Picard decided to return Jono to the Talarians. ()

As of the early 2370s, Talarians were known to visit Deep Space 9. ()

Technology and militia 

In 2367, Talarian military weaponry was inferior to Federation standards, consisting of neutral particle weapons, high energy X-ray lasers, and merculite rockets, and thus did not represent a serious tactical threat to a  starship. They also employed subspace proximity detonators and self-destruct devices that were installed on their ships. Though their technology was inferior, they were known to have employed guerrilla maneuvers, such as booby-trapping an observation ship and sending out a distress call, luring would-be rescuers to their deaths. ()

Talarians also had their own freighter type. ()

Attacking a superior officer, like a captain, was considered the highest offense and was punishable by execution, usually carried out by the offended officer. This was applicable to all superior officers no matter their army or species: for example, the custom would allow a Starfleet commander to execute a rude Talarian soldier.

Talarian uniforms reflected a militaristic culture. Talarian officers and boys having passed the Age of Decision wore a similar brown padded uniform vest and black trousers. Large black helmets and black leather gloves were a standard part of the uniform, and a ribbed silvery-black undergarment was worn under the brown vest. Large rifles were worn on a shoulder strap on the right side of the body.

Golden insignia were worn on the right side of the uniform vest; two different kinds were observed: captains and senior officers wore badges with rounded ends, while young Talarians wore badges with pointed triangular ends. Additionally, only captains wore a second golden insignia, consisting of three diamond-shaped metal pieces positioned centrally on the chest. ()

Ship types 
 Freighter
 Observation craft
 Warship

People
Named
 Endar

Unnamed
 List of unnamed Talarians

Appendices

See also
 Talarian hook spider

Background information 
Talarians were first mentioned in "Heart of Glory", but not actually seen until "Suddenly Human". The race in "Suddenly Human" were initially called "Phrygians", but Michael Okuda advised using a race that had been mentioned but not seen. () 

A Talarian helmet was sold off on the It's A Wrap! sale and auction on eBay. 

According to an internal reference document, listing all the aliens seen in , which was circulated around the time of the production of TNG Season 5, the Talarians were described as "outwardly humanoid bony ridge atop the head." They were not physically described in the episode's script. 

The Talarian that was referred to by Elim Garak in  was not a Talarian, but in fact, a Kobheerian.

According to Star Trek: Star Charts (p. 37) and Stellar Cartography: The Starfleet Reference Library ("Federation Historical Highlights, 2161-2385"), the Talarian state was named the Talarian Republic. The capital system was named Talar. This interstellar entity was located in the Alpha Quadrant.

Apocrypha 
In the Star Trek: Destiny novel trilogy, the Talarians are described as being one of the major superpowers in the Alpha and Beta Quadrants. The Talarians contributed a number of ships to the abortive attempt to engage a Borg force in the Azure Nebula in Mere Mortals. In the follow-up A Singular Destiny, they are invited to join the Federation-Klingon alliance in an expansion of the Khitomer Accords.

External link
 

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es:Talarianos
Species