Ranger
The Ranger spacecraft was a program of early NASA space probes, flown by the Earth's United States of America during the early 1960s. 

A record of the launch and flight plans for Ranger 3 through 5 were available in the Enterprise library computer, as well as pictures and plan views of three distinct versions of this design. This data was flashed on a viewscreen when the Talosians scanned the  computer in 2254. ()

Ranger spacecraft

Ranger Block I

The Ranger Block I was used in the first series of Ranger launches intended to test the Atlas-Agena rocket in preparation for future missions to reach the Moon. 

Components for the Block I included an ion chamber, omnidirectional antenna, Lyman-alpha telescope, Earth sensor, antenna gear box, solar panels, high-gain antenna, electrostatic analyzer, sun sensor, and a magnetometer. ()

Ranger Block II

The Ranger Block II was used in the second series of launches in the Ranger program designed for achieving Lunar orbit. Ranger 5 was one such probe in this series.

Components for the Block II included a lunar capsule, omnidirectional antenna, RADAR altimeter, solar panels, gamma-ray spectrometer, mid-course motor, retrorocket, TV camera, and a high-gain antenna. ()

Ranger Block III

The Ranger Block III was used in the third series of launches in the Ranger program designed for achieving Lunar orbit. Ranger 7 was one such probe in this series. ()

Appendices

Apocrypha
Some historical craft named Ranger have been the namesakes for starfaring vessels and Federation starships in numerous non-canon works and games. 

A Ranger-class starship was part of the FASA RPG, appearing in such sources as the Federation Ship Recognition Manual. A different, earlier, Ranger-class based on an unused Matt Jefferies starship design was part of the Last Unicorn Games ship list, appearing in the Starfleet Operations Manual, among others. Another Ranger-class starship is the first ship that the player receives when beginning the Star Trek Online "Agents of Yesterday" expansion.

A  USS Ranger appears in Star Trek: Shattered Universe and Star Trek: New Worlds promotional material.

External link
 

fr:Programme Ranger
Ranger 0