Central brain
The central brain was a memory bank on the planetoid Memory Alpha that contained the complete cultural history and scientific knowledge of Federation planets. 

When the Zetarians went to Memory Alpha, they caused extreme damage to the central brain and burnt out the memory core. ()

Commander Will Decker also referred to a "central brain" complex when he scanned V'ger in the 2270s. ()

See also 
 Brain
Computer technology