Molecular reversion field
A molecular reversion field was a spatial anomaly that could interfere with transporter patterns and the molecular structures of objects passing through it. 

In 2369, the shuttlecraft Fermi was trapped in and destroyed by such a field. Traveling aboard the shuttle were Captain Jean-Luc Picard, Ensign Ro Laren, Keiko O'Brien, and Guinan. As the shuttle began to break up, the  attempted to beam them off the shuttle. The molecular reversion field obscured portions of their patterns, in particular the rybo-viroxic-nucleic structure of their DNA, and the transporter re-materialized all four without it. ()
Astronomical phenomena
Energy fields