Incitement to disaffection
Incitement to disaffection was a crime under Federation law.

In 2269, Montgomery Scott described the actions of one of Doctor Sevrin's followers, "one of those barefooted what do you call 'ems", as inciting his engineering crew to disaffect. Spock then cautioned Sevrin that he and his followers could be charged with incitement to disaffection if they persisted in swaying the crew of the  towards their quest for Eden, adding that, as criminals, they would not be allowed to colonize it. ()

Crimes