Metallurgical analysis
A metallurgical analysis was a thorough sensor scan of a metal. Metallurgical scans could detect microfractures. ()

In 2152, T'Pol performed a metallurgical analysis of a 31st century 's hull and  several unusual alloys, one of which was in a semi-fluidic state. ()

In 2369, Captain Jean-Luc Picard ordered a metallurgical scan of the hull of the   to see if subspace field incursions by the solanogen-based lifeform had left a trace. ()

The same year, Dr. Julian Bashir ran a metallurgical analysis of one of Quark's holosuites for DNA or skin fragments, hoping to discover who Ibudan's murderer was. ()

In 2370, the Lieutenant commander Data of an alternate quantum reality asked Lieutenant Worf to conduct a metallurgical scan of the Argus Array. Later, he asked the Worf of the prime reality if he had completed the scan, but Worf did not remember being asked, as he had not been asked to conduct the scan in the previous quantum reality that he had shifted from. ()

In 2371, Kathryn Janeway suggested they do a metallurgical analysis of the 1936 Ford truck they located in open space. ()

In 2373, the  conducted a metallurgic analysis of the Takarian planet, ascertaining that the Takarians were at a Bronze Age level of development. () That same year, Minister Odala of the Voth decided that metallurgical analysis would be a "more rewarding vocation" for Forra Gegen after Gegen formally retracted his claims regarding his Distant Origin Theory. Gegen was not very good at chemistry and stated to Commander Chakotay that his career in this field was likely to be undistinguished. ()

Analyses
Geology