Population
The term population refers to the total number of individuals inhabiting a planet, country, colony, or settlement.

Planets with signs of refined metals and alloys were a good indicator of possessing a population, as was suggested by T'Pol upon discovering the remnants of the planet Xindus. ()

When the con artist posing as Ardra first appeared to the Ventaxians in 2367, she presented a form containing guidelines "for a full census of the population with emphasis on productivity and economic forecasts" of the planet Ventax II. ()

Gains
The only thing that kept the tribble population in check on Iota Geminorum IV was that planet's abundance of reptiles. () When left unchecked, a few tribbles can quickly multiply into numbers exceeding several thousands, as was the case on Deep Space Station K-7. In 2268, a population of 1,771,561 had established itself on the station, a figure that was determined by assuming "that one tribble multiplying with an average litter of ten producing a new generation every 12 hours over a period of three day. (; )

During the mid-23rd century, the planet  suffered from an extreme case of overpopulation. Gideon ambassador Hodin explained the cause of this, stating that, "the birth rate continued to rise, and the population grew, until now Gideon is encased in a living mass…who can find no rest, no peace, no joy." ()

When the threat of a Skorr jihad was revealed in 2270, Spock calculated that in two standard years, the Skorr would be capable of breeding an army of 200 billion warriors. ()

During the evacuation of Romulan refugees in the 2380s, the Qowat Milat helped relocate more then 250,000 refugees on Vashti alone. In 2385, 10,000 refugees were settled in Southeast Station. ()

Losses
According to Spock, 6 million people died in Earth's World War I, 11 million in the World War II, 37 million in the World War III. () Phlox, and later Jonathan Archer, stated that, officially, 30 million people died in the Eugenics Wars. () William T. Riker, as well as Seven of Nine, stated that 600 million were killed in World War III. (; ) The Xindi attack on Earth resulted in 7 million Human casualties. (, et al.)

During the Denobulan-Antaran wars, Denobulan battle tactics resulted in 20 million Antaran casualties. ()

The mutagenic virus created by the Loque'eque infected tens of millions of people on Tret's homeworld, all of whom were destroyed. ()

Twelve million Valakian died on the planet Valakis in 2149, as a result of an unknown plague. ()

By the 2260s, war casualties among the civilian population of Eminiar VII were totaling from 1 to 3 million dead each year from direct enemy attack during the Eminiar-Vendikar War. ()

In an alternate timeline, during the  the Federation had amassed 40 billion casualties between 2344 and 2366. ()

Dukat was responsible for the deaths of 5 million Bajorans during the Occupation of Bajor. () In all, it was determined that as many as 15 million Bajorans were killed during the Occupation. ()

The attack of the missile Cardassian ATR-4107 with Rakosa V was expected to cause 2 million casualties in a worse case scenario. The attack was prevented. ()

The population of the inhabitants of the dimensionally shifting planet Meridian had dwindled to about thirty by the year 2371 due to the fact that the people could only reproduce while in their humanoid form, and their time in normal space was constantly growing shorter. ()

Over 4 million Borg drones were killed in the Borg-Species 8472 War. ()

In 2374, Julian Bashir and the group of genetically-engineered from the "Institute" that he worked with, calculated that before the Dominion War was over, the Federation would suffer 900 billion casualties in the years to come. () 

In the final days of the war, the Dominion eliminate 2 million men, women and children when they destroyed Lakarian City. In all, they annihilated over 800 million of the inhabitants of Cardassia Prime. () Prior to that, over 7 million Cardassian soldiers had given their lives in the war. ()

A synth attack on Mars that set its stratosphere on fire in the late 24th century resulted in 92,143 lost lives. Early reports as the attack was still in progess estimated 3,000 dead. (;)

Demographics
Among Cheron natives, a hundred million "half-whites" were oppressed. ()

One out of every fifty million of Tarquin's species were born telepathic on Tarquin's homeworld. Those who are born telepathic are considered a threat to the rest of the population. ()

During the early 21st century, six of the eight Human blood types accounted for three quarters of Earth's population. ()

The planet  had over one million physicians during the mid-22nd century. ()

During the mid-22nd century, Vissian cogenitors made up about 3% of the planet Vissia's population, which was described as being "a perfect ratio" in the terms of being natures way "of finding the right balance." ()

A  recorded enough data on the population of Kaminar that a detailed population history could be constructed from it.  ()

Nearly half of the Trill population was capable of being joined with a Trill symbiont. ()

After being brainwashed by the , Kathryn Janeway described Earth as "Overpopulated, polluted, very little work". According to Jaffen, the Norvalen homeworld was much the same. ()

During the late 24th century, Grand Nagus Zek claimed that females made up 53.5% of Ferenginar's population, yet contributed virtually nothing to the gross planetary income. ()

After it became clear that the Romulan sun was would go supernova, the Federation devised a plan to relocate 900 million Romulan citizens to worlds outside the blast of the supernova. ()

Population figures
The population figures of various colonies, planets, or civilizations throughout the Milky Way Galaxy.

Planets

Regions, empires and species

External link 

 Social sciences