Constitution of the United Federation of Planets
The Constitution of the United Federation of Planets was a legal document which defined the fundamental political principles of the United Federation of Planets. It contained "guarantees" related to fundamental individual rights of citizens. 

The Seventh Guarantee against self-incrimination during legal proceedings was considered by Captain Picard in 2367 to be "one of the most important rights granted by the Federation."  ()  

The Twelfth Guarantee of the Constitution dealt with the rights of artists, and defined an artist as "a person who creates an original artistic work." ()

These protections related to fundamental rights are extended to everyone, even non-Federation citizens, while on Federation territory (such as a Starfleet vessel). ()

The Constitution required that the President of the United Federation of Planets inform the Starfleet commander in chief when temporarily transferring power to the Vice President of the United Federation of Planets. ()

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de:Konstitution der Vereinigten Föderation der Planeten
fr:Constitution de la Fédération des Planètes Unies

Legal documents
Federation