Acute radiation syndrome
Acute radiation syndrome, colloquially known as radiation poisoning, radiation sickness, or localized as radiation burns, was a form of organic tissue damage caused by exposure to ionizing radiation. Symptoms varied with the severity of exposure but often included fatigue, nausea, vomiting, and hair loss. Radiation could cause sterility and cancer, and, given a large enough dose, could be lethal. 

Radiation effects could be countered for a short time with hyronalin, though adrenaline was once a treatment as well. Extreme cases of theta radiation poisoning could be treated with arithrazine. () By the 24th century, ular damage by radiation could be prevented by taking special inoculations. Radiation poisoning could also lower calcium levels. () Exposure to delta radiation also caused severe disfigurement, which could be considered a form of radiation poisoning as well. (; ) The only know cure for radiation poisoning was nanoprobes. ()

In 2056, Colonel Phillip Green ordered the euthanasia of millions of Humans afflicted with radiation poisoning from World War III in order to prevent their damaged genes from being passed on to future generations. ()

In 2063, Lily Sloane was affected by theta radiation poisoning. It came from the Phoenixs throttle assembly, which was damaged by the Borg attack on Bozeman, Montana. Dr. Beverly Crusher later treated her condition on the . ()

Around 2083, the Terra Nova colony was struck by a large asteroid that sent radioactive debris up into the planet's atmosphere. As a result, the adults became sick from radiation and died while the young children survived to flee underground and become the Novans. ()

The Vulcan Surak suffered from radiation sickness and finally died on Mount Seleya as a result of the use of atomic bombs on  during the Time of Awakening. ()

In 2266, an old-style Romulan nuclear warhead with a proximity fuse was placed among debris as a trap for the . The explosion at less than one-hundred meters away resulted in at least twenty-two casualties, which mainly consisted of radiation burns. ()

While on an inspection tour of an old class J training vessel, Fleet Captain Christopher Pike was caught in a delta radiation leak resulting from a baffle plate rupturing. He managed to evacuate most of the cadets, but the lockdown trapped him in the irradiated engine room, resulting in severe radiation burns that hopelessly crippled him. (; )

In 2285, after repairing the 's warp drive and allowing it to escape Khan Noonien Singh's detonation of the Genesis Device, Captain Spock was affected by radiation poisoning and eventually died from it. ()

In 2259 of the alternate reality,  and 's positions were reversed during their confrontation with : Kirk poisoned himself repairing the 's warp core before the ship crashed to Earth. Fortunately, Spock apprehended Khan and  performed a blood transfusion to revive Kirk. ()

As a result of depletion of their ozone layer, the Aldeans suffered from radiation poisoning. One of the symptoms was sterility. Doctor Beverly Crusher discovered this problem. ()

In 2370, the debris from a crashed Federation probe caused radiation poisoning within the Barkonians on Barkon IV. Despite being amnesiac at the time, Lieutenant Commander Data was able to create a cure and administered it into the community well. ()

In 2371, Chief Miles O'Brien received a mild dose of radiation poisoning from a ruptured plasma conduit. ()

Between 2248 and 2378 the probe Friendship 1 crashed on Otrin's homeworld and the citizens accidentally used its antimatter warp drive to power their electrical grid. Because of damage to the probe and the citizens' inexperience with antimatter, a containment failure caused a warp core breach and the core went critical, releasing toxic antimatter radiation into their atmosphere and giving them radiation poisoning. The crew of  used Seven of Nine's nanoprobes plus modified photon torpedoes to treat their radiation poisoning and save their world. ()

If a humanoid or a Changeling was bombarded with radiation from a polaron emitter more than once, they would die of radiation poisoning. ()

In the 31st century, deep in the heart of the Verubin Nebula, the crew of the crashed  were being slowly poisoned by intense radiation from the nebula. Six months after they crashed, some of the crew, like Doctor Issa, had red splotches on their faces, indicative of radiation burns. Over a century later, as she watched a message from the Khi'eth, Ensign Sylvia Tilly made a remark on the physical condition of Dr. Issa. ()

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Medical conditions