Toby Russell
Doctor Toby Russell was a female scientist and neuro-specialist in the 24th century. Her research was concentrated in neurogenetics, and created a number of revolutionary medical technologies and drugs, most notably the genetronic replicator. By 2368, she was employed at the Adelman Neurological Institute. 

Russell was controversial in her research methods, as she often risked the lives of her patients she deemed unable to save for experimental treatments. She was described as not caring whether or not the patient survived, only if she gained data from the attempt. However, she defended this by saying that the data she gained helped many more lives. 

In the 2360s, Russell developed the genetronic replicator and performed dozens of holographic simulations. She petitioned three times for Starfleet Medical to approve its use on humanoids, all denied. She considered this an example of bureaucracy getting in the way of life-saving research. 

Russell visited the  in 2368 at the request of Dr. Beverly Crusher, as a consult after Lieutenant Worf was paralyzed. She suggested using the untested genetronic replicator to repair Worf's spinal column and restore full mobility, but Crusher felt the technology was too risky and would endanger Worf's life even further. Crusher and Russell then presented a traditional treatment based on neural transducers to Worf, but he refused, as he would rather die than live a life without full mobility. Russell then suggested the genitronic replicator to Worf, angering Dr. Crusher. 

The already tense situation was further inflamed when Russell assisted in triage of victims from the . She used one of her experimental drugs, borathium, on a survivor rather than another proven treatment which may have saved his life. Russell felt justified in using borathium, as she was able to recover valuable data which would allow her to improve the drug's effectiveness. Dr. Crusher, still upset over Russell's behavior concerning Worf, relieved her of medical duty. 

After conferring with Captain Picard, Dr. Crusher eventually decided to authorize the use of the genetronic replicator, and Russell participated in the groundbreaking surgery. Although the procedure was a success due to Worf's Klingon anatomy, Crusher still believed Russell practiced dangerous and inappropriate medicine- particularly since Worf had briefly died on the operating table, only being restored thanks to his neurological functions being 'backed up' along with most of his other vital organs, a process previously unknown in Klingon medicine. In a final tense meeting between the two doctors, Dr. Crusher addressed Dr. Russell coldly, saying that real research took years of patience and dedication to accomplish and not the shortcuts that Dr Russell had taken. As Doctor Russell left her office, Dr. Crusher told her, with a hint of sarcasm, to enjoy the accolades that would come from this success, because Dr Crusher wasn't sure she could given the questionable ethics Doctor Russell had used. ()

Apocrypha 
In the novel A Time for War, A Time for Peace, Toby Russell is part of a Starfleet team that is inspecting the  and during part of her sickbay inspection, Russell is once again confronted by Beverly Crusher about her reckless medical practices and Crusher also reminds Russell, to her irritation, that after the initial wave of articles about the successful genetronics procedure, which was only barely successful due to Worf's unique Klingon physiology, nothing else has ever been heard about genetronics.

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