Nucleosynthesis
According to Lieutenant Commander Data, nucleosynthesis was the structural alteration of a substance "at the atomic level". 

In 2153, a Vissian starship was measuring the rate of nucleosynthesis in a hypergiant. This was a technology that the United Earth Starfleet had not developed. If Humans were content forgoing the development stage, the Vissian captain Drennik would happily modify the sensors of the . In exchange for this technology, the crew of the Enterprise would invite the Vissians to their ship. () 

When the  was contaminated with invidium in 2366, many things on the starship began undergoing nucleosynthesis. Data first made his diagnosis by observing an improbably leaking glass of ale. ()

An astrometrics station aboard the  listed information on nucleosynthesis alongside plasma wave probes, solar wind dispersion, cometary ions, and prestellar nebulae. (, okudagram)

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Physics