Optical processor
The optical processor, or optical data processor, was a type of computer technology used aboard Federation starships in the 23rd and 24th centuries. 

In 2256, the optical processors of the  were affected by the scattering field created by the Beacon of Kahless, preventing the crew from getting a distortion-free image of the spacecraft. The Shenzhous captain and two of her senior officers resorted to a telescope. ()

In 2399, Doctor Altan Inigo Soong noted that the damage to the android Saga's (presumably organic) optical processor had corrupted the data stream of her memories. ()
Computer technology