Cold weather gear
Cold weather gear was general term used to describe the collective attire worn by an individual to protect them from extreme cold weather environments.

Primitive cold weather gear 

General cold weather gear may consist of anything designed to keep one warm, such as primitive furs. Zarabeth wore a fur coat to protect herself from the harsh weather that characterized the Sarpeidon Ice Age. ()

Martia provided James T. Kirk and Leonard McCoy a bundle of furs to wear in addition to their regular furs during their escape trekking across the snowy tundra of Rura Penthe.  When she unpacked her bundle, she told them "you'll need these," and by the end of their journey, Kirk became suspicious of Martia's intentions, inquiring as to where she had gotten "these convenient clothes," before she revealed they were provided the Klingons. ()

Modern cold weather gear

Components 

The primary component of the cold weather gear was the survival suit, which was commonly worn from the 22nd century to 24th century.  It consisted of a combination of a silver-metallic jacket with pants , gloves, boots, and goggles. The gloves were padded to keep out the cold, while the boots had ridges on the bottom for extra grip and closed with some form of quick fasteners. This type of gear was utilized by civilians and Starfleet alike. (; ; )

Uses 
Several survival suits were kept aboard  runabouts as standard issue emergency attire. ()

Related gear

See also 
Life support gear
Clothing