Torpedo
A torpedo was a self-propelled, self-guided weapon. Torpedoes of some type were part of the standard weaponry of most Starfleet vessels in the 22nd to 24th centuries. 

Torpedoes were primarily used in space combat as an alternative to directed energy weapons such as disruptors and phasers. Torpedoes could be configured before launch to fit various specifications. Normally a torpedo was equipped with a warhead, and the explosive yield of this warhead could vary depending on the type of torpedo. Torpedo launchers brought the weapon into the launch tube and allowed fire control from the ship's bridge, although a torpedo could be launched manually. (; ) Most of the time a tactical officer was responsible for target acquisition and launch sequence.

The maximum effective range of a torpedo depended on its type. Range was dependent on propulsion and acquisition capabilities. Propulsion was categorized basically by whether the torpedo was warp-capable or used another method of propulsion. Some types of torpedoes were equipped with a self-destruction mechanism. For those types, if a torpedo needed to be aborted and destroyed, due to, for example, a targeting acquisition problem, it could be destroyed.

The torpedo guided itself via internal sensors that could be configured by the tactical officer. () The advantage was that a firing pattern could be established whereby multiple torpedo launches could be coordinated to hit a single target and thus make the best use of every torpedo's explosive yield. () When necessary, the device's internal sensors could be replaced by specialized sensor packs, allowing for additional flexibility in use; for example, using a sensor pack designed to detect gaseous anomalies could enable a torpedo to lock onto impulse engine emissions. After configuration, the torpedo could be fired and would automatically acquire its target. () Some torpedoes featured advanced artificial intelligence to make the decisions about target acquisition, defensive maneuvers, etc. ()

On 20th century Earth, the United States Navy trained whales to recover maritime torpedoes. Gillian Taylor asked James T. Kirk and Spock whether that was who they were after hearing Spock call Kirk "admiral". ()

Torpedoes were used by different species and varied in type, appearance, explosive yield, and effective range. There were several types of torpedoes:

 Advanced long-range torpedo – an undetectable long-range photon torpedo designed by John Harrison in the alternate reality
 Antimatter torpedo – an antimatter weapon, used by Kelemane's species 
 Chroniton torpedo – a torpedo in temporal flux, used by the Krenim Imperium
 Gravimetric torpedo – a heavy weapon with a gravimetric charge, used by Starfleet
 Isolytic burst – an illegal subspace weapon used by the Son'a
 Photon torpedo – the most common type of torpedo, used by multiple species
 Photonic torpedo – an antimatter weapon, used by Starfleet and the Vissians
 Plasma torpedo – used by Romulan, Cardassian, and Kazon forces
 Pulse wave torpedo – a torpedo that could be used to disrupt subspace anomalies
 Quantum torpedo – an advanced weapon, used by Starfleet, the Terran Rebellion, and the Cardassian Union
 Series 5 torpedo – an antimatter torpedo with artificial intelligence developed by the Druoda
 Spatial torpedo – Triton-class spatial torpedoes were used by Starfleet in the 22nd century
 Stratospheric torpedo – a torpedo used in planetary atmospheres by Starfleet and the Maquis
 Transphasic torpedo – an anti-Borg weapon, originally developed by Captain Kathryn Janeway in an alternate timeline

See also
Missile

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Explosive weapons