Pre-industrial society
A pre-industrial society was one that existed before the advent of machines and tools to aid in completing a task all at once. 

The Akaali were considered a pre-industrial society during the mid-22nd century. Upon discovering the planet in 2151, it was determined from orbit by the crew of the  to be of said status from the planet's lack of EM transmissions. First contact with this type of civilization was strongly  discouraged on account of the risk of cultural contamination. After reviewing the notes of the Akaali Riaan, Doctor Phlox was impressed by her methods, which while they were unrefined, her forensic techniques were far more sophisticated than he would have expected from a pre-industrial society. ()

Two pre-industrial societies known to the Federation during the late 24th century included the Barkonians of Barkon IV and the humanoids native to Veridian IV. (; )

In 2373, the  encountered the Takarian homeworld in the Delta Quadrant, they determined that the native Takarian‎s, based on a metallurgic analysis from orbit, to be a pre-industrial civilization with a Bronze Age level of technology. () Similarly, the Mintakans were also a Bronze Age level pre-industrial society. ()

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Social sciences
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