Randomization
CM
Participants were randomly allocated to receive the combination treatment of TTM, SSE, and CM (CTSC group) or to the control treatment (rest on bed) using block randomization (1:1 ratio) with block sizes of 2, 4, and 6. Groups were assigned using a pre-generated random assignment scheme enclosed in envelopes. Randomization was conducted by a research assistant who was unaware of the intervention and outcome assessment processes.