Patients
pain
DISEASE, DISEASE, ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS
The study enrolled adult patients (aged ≥ 18 years) with AS who met the modified New York criteria based on central reading of sacroiliac joint radiographs and had active disease, defined as a Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) score of ≥ 4 and a patient’s assessment of total back pain score of ≥ 4 (numeric rating scale 0–10). Patients had to have an IR to ≥ 2 NSAIDs and an IR to bDMARDs, defined as either a lack of efficacy (after ≥ 12 weeks of treatment at an adequate dose as assessed by the investigator) or intolerance (regardless of treatment duration). Prior exposure to two bDMARDs (lack of efficacy to one bDMARD and intolerance to the other, but not lack of efficacy to both bDMARDs) was allowed for ≤ 30% of patients. Patients receiving stable doses of concomitant oral corticosteroids, NSAIDs, and conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs at baseline were eligible. Prior exposure to a JAK inhibitor was not permitted.