Primary outcomes
TNF-α
There were no significant or clinically meaningful differences in immediate whole blood evoked released in-vitro levels of IL-1β and TNF-α between the experimental group and control group. Between group differences (B-value) for low-dose stimulation 10 min following the interventions for IL-1β was 0.05 (95%CI − 0.09, 0.50) and 0.17 (95%CI − 0.16, 0.51) for TNF-α and at 2 h following the interventions the B-value for IL-1β was 0.26 (95%CI − 0.74, 0.21), and 0.11 (95%CI − 0.29, 0.50) for TNF-α. B-value for high-dose stimulation 10 min following the interventions for IL-1β was − 0.06 (95%CI − 0.35, 0.24) and 0.15 (95%CI − 0.19, 0.48) for TNF-α and the 2 h following the interventions B-value for IL-1β was − 0.25 (95%CI − 0.57, 0.06) and − 0.11 (95%CI − 0.48, 0.25) for TNF-α (Fig. Immediate effects of the joint mobilisation/manipulation and placebo joint mobilisation/manipulation on the in vitro levels of IL-1β and TNF-α. Immediate effects of the control intervention, experimental intervention, of the experimental intervention in those having a good outcome and poor outcome on the in-vitro levels of IL-1β or TNF-α after whole blood stimulation with 1 ng/ml or 10 µg/ml LPS. (