Anesthesia
Neuromuscular blockage

The participants in the trial followed the standard anesthesia protocol. An arterial catheter was placed into the dorsal artery of the foot under local anesthesia for repeated blood gas sampling and continuous blood pressure monitoring. Propofol, sufentanil, and rocuronium were used for induction of general anesthesia. After tracheal intubation, both groups were ventilated in volume-control mode with a tidal volume of 6–8 ml·kg
Neuromuscular blockage was reversed before emergence using neostigmine/anticholinergic agent based on train-of-four ratio stimulation (TOF) monitoring [