Discussion
CHF, gastrointestinal blood stasis, Diabetes, heart failure, malnutrition, lower extremity muscle mass, diabetes
RECURRENCE, DIABETES, CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, DISEASE, DYSFUNCTION, MALNUTRITION, CHF, HEART FAILURE, DIABETES
Home-based food exchange nutritional interventions can effectively improve the malnutrition status of elderly patients with CHF. Such patients are prone to malnutrition, aggravating the disease due to its long course and to gastrointestinal blood stasis, leading to dysfunction in nutrient absorption and intake. In fact, malnutrition has become an important factor for the recurrence of symptoms in CHF patients, meaning home-based nutritional intervention for elderly CHF patients is crucial [The ‘Food Exchange Gesture Measurement Rule’ was proposed by the Canadian Diabetes Association Clinical Practice Guidelines Expert Committee for dietary education in patients with diabetes [The results indicated that after two months of intervention, the protein content and skeletal muscle mass were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group, while the reduction in body fat and body fat rate was also significantly higher in the former than in the latter. The visceral fat area particularly decreased significantly and tended to be more rationalised. Overall, the results indicated that the patients in the experimental group had effectively completed the set food exchange nutrition intervention and that their nutritional status had been greatly improved. These findings meet the expectation of our hypothesis. In our study design, we also hypothesized that the intervention method could have the close relationship with cardiovascular disease. What's similar is that Nie Qiuping, Li Changyan and others believe that the analysis of body composition can reflect the nutritional status of patients with heart failure more objectively and can accurately reflect the content and distribution of body fat in patients [Furthermore, the home-based nutritional intervention food exchange method can improve the cardiopulmonary function and the exercise tolerance among elderly patients with CHF. In this study, CHF patients aged ≥ 65 years were recruited. It has been reported that an age of > 65 years is an independent risk factor for malnutrition in CHF patients [In this study, the upper arm muscle circumference and the left lower extremity and right lower extremity muscle mass of the patients increased in the experimental group and were higher compared to those in the control group, while there was no statistical significance. In short, the effect was insufficient. This suggests that in the future, under the premise of strengthening the nutrition for elderly CHF patients at home, attention must be paid to the formulation of the exercise prescriptions and the guidance for active and passive exercise, with home-based elderly CHF patients encouraged to perform an appropriate amount of aerobic exercise to improve the muscle content of their limbs and to further improve their cardiopulmonary function and exercise endurance.