Discussion
non-neurotoxic, lower pain, pain
LEAKAGE
Several factors, including the presence of preoperative pain and periapical lesions, a need for retreatment [The exact mechanism for lower pain in the MTA group is unknown; however, it may be attributed to the biocompatibility, sealing ability, hard tissue formation, and analgesic effect of the MTA. MTA is considered a non-mutagenic and non-neurotoxic compound without any side effects on microcirculation [MTA creates a bond with dentin via the induction of an interfacial layer, which enhances the push-out bond strength, bacterial-tight seal, and marginal adaptation and prevents fluid leakage [Bioceramic materials such as MTA also induce some analgesic effects and reduce nerve activity [On the other hand, zinc washout, non-polymerized cytotoxic materials, and the substances released from the epoxy resin sealer might also cause pain [The present trial revealed that the pain level after root canal treatment was significantly higher in females 6 and 12 h after the procedure. Some studies have shown that women are more prone to experience pain [The pain level was similar for the maxillary and mandibular teeth in the present study. Some studies [A randomized controlled trial [Yet, drawbacks such as poor handling characteristics, difficult retrieval, discoloration, and low push-out and shear bond strength should be considered [To the best of our knowledge, the present investigation is the first clinical trial evaluating the pain caused by the MTA filling. However, it is important to interpret the results with caution as the study was conducted in an optimal clinical setting and individual cases may differ, particularly in terms of pulpal and periapical conditions. It is recommended that future clinical studies examine the use of a new generation of bioceramics as root canal filling materials on multi-rooted teeth in other clinical situations, such as vital pulp therapy. Additionally, further biological studies are suggested to better understand the effect of bioceramics on the mechanism of pain.