Change Analyses
IRI, SD
To investigate intervention effects on self-report (ie, factor scores derived from composites for self- and other-related compassion and the IRI subscales of empathic concern and perspective taking) and behavioral measures (ie, EmpaToM scores for compassion, empathy, and ToM), linear mixed-effects models (LMMs) were computed. The scores of each dependent variable were standardized by their overall SD to allow for comparability. LMMs included random intercepts for participants and fixed effects for group, time, and their interaction term, with waitlist control defined as the reference group and backward difference coding for the time factor. Participants’ sex and age were included as covariates. Planned contrasts (ie, socioemotional–waitlist control, mindfulness-based–waitlist control, waitlist socioemotional–waitlist control, and socioemotional–mindfulness-based) were computed. Model estimates of planned contrasts were used as effect size estimates, which were classified in accordance with standard conventions (ie, small: ≥0.20; medium: ≥0.50; large: ≥0.80). Theory-driven contrasts were not corrected for multiple testing.To test for an association of behavioral measures of compassion and ToM (EmpaToM) with self-report measures of empathic concern and perspective taking (IRI), as well as with composites for self- and other-related compassion, Spearman correlation coefficients were computed using data from the study preintervention assessment. The results of these analyses are reported in 