Eligibility criteria
PD
PLAQUE, PERIODONTITIS, CREST
Patients enrolled in this study were diagnosed with stage III, grade B periodontitis. Inclusion criteria included the presence of a minimum of one interproximal pocket probing depth (PD) of ≥ 6mm and ≥ 5 mm clinical attachment level (CAL) after 4 weeks from phase I therapy, and the presence of 2 or 3 osseous wall interproximal intrabony defects that are ≥ 3mm in depth. The diagnostic defect depth was measured as the distance from the interproximal alveolar crest (AC) to the base of the defect (BD) using an intraoral periapical radiograph. Exclusion criteria were systemic diseases or conditions that contraindicate periodontal surgeries and/or affect the formed elements of the blood, patients who received antibiotic therapy and/or anti-inflammatory drug within the past 6 months, vulnerable groups such as mentally challenged individuals, the presence of deleterious habits, interdental craters and 1 wall osseous defects. Pregnant females, smokers and patients with inadequate oral hygiene (Plaque index > 1 after phase one therapy) at the time of reevaluation of phase I therapy were excluded.