Study design
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This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Kyungpook National University Hospital (KNUH 2020-11-069; February 8, 2021) and was registered at cris.nih.go.kr (KCT0006673; first registration on 18/10/2021) prior to enrollment. This study was designed as a prospective, randomized, controlled trial and was conducted at Kyungpook National University Hospital in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained preoperatively from each participant. This study adheres to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials guidelines.