Introduction
death, HF, heart disease, aging disorder, heart failure
DISEASE, HEART FAILURE, AGING DISORDER, HEART DISEASE
A common aging disorder is heart failure (HF). HF is an advanced heart problem and one of the main causes of death and burden in many countries, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, mostly in the Eastern Mediterranean Region [Numerous studies have demonstrated that people with heart disease experience various negative physical, psychological, emotional, and spiritual consequences. The combination of these symptoms restricts the patients' daily activities and makes it difficult for them to handle personal and social responsibilities, which lowers their quality of life. On the other hand, a decrease in quality of life is directly related to frequent hospitalizations and increased patient mortality. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines the quality of life as “an individual's perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards, and concerns” [Palliative care has received support recently as part of the treatment of patients with heart failure [As the symptoms of these patients start affecting their quality of life, the burden of the disease increases, and thus, while the treatment for the disease continues, an advanced care plan is needed to increase the comfort of patients and relieve their symptoms [