Measures
depression, Anxiety
Demographic information, such as age, sex, total episode duration in the past, current episode duration, family history of depression, times of hospitalization and relapse, and medical information, were collected at baseline. The medications and dosage that patients received before enrolling in (mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, benzodiazepines) and during the ECT treatment were recorded (antidepressants) by psychiatrists with clinical research forms. The HAMD-17, Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), and Clinical Global Impression (CGI) were completed at baseline, week 1, week 2, week 3, and after the ECT treatment (week 4). We also measured cognitive outcomes using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score at baseline and post treatment.