Participants
cerebral palsy, cognitive, visual, or auditory disorders
CEREBRAL PALSY
The participants were recruited from cerebral palsy associations, medical centers and special education systems. Inclusion criteria were: (1) aged 5 to 12 years; (2) diagnosis of congenital UCP; (3) considerable nonuse of the affected UE (amount-of-use score of the Revised Pediatric Motor Activity Log (PMAL-R) < 2); (4) no excessive muscle tone (Modified Ashworth Scale ≤ 2 at any joint of the UE); (5) no severe cognitive, visual, or auditory disorders according to medical documents, parental reports, and the examiner’s clinical observation during the baseline evaluation; (6) no botulinum toxin A injection or operations on the less-affected UE within 6 months.