Study design
death, tumour
RECURRENCE, RECURRENCE, ADVERSE EVENTS, SECONDARY, TUMOUR
The PILOT trial was a prospective, single-arm phase II study of perioperative immunotherapy for locally advanced resectable thoracic ESCC. The primary endpoint was 2-year DFS in non-pCR patients, which was defined as the time from the first day of surgery to the first recurrence or death from any cause. The secondary endpoints were pCR rate, major pathological response (MPR) rate, 2-year DFS in pCR patients, R0 resection rate, adverse events, and overall survival (OS). pCR was defined as the complete response of both the primary tumour and lymph nodes in the resected specimen. Recurrence was defined as the appearance of one or more new lesions (confirmed by imaging or cytologic or pathological assessment, local, regional, or distant from the primary resection site) as assessed by the investigator. The trial flow chart is presented in Fig. 
Flow chart of the PILOT trial