3.4. Detection of miRNA Expression from EVs with Array Analyses
bladder cancer
DISEASES, BLADDER CANCER
To verify whether the concentration changes were associated with altered EV content, miRNA expressions of the EVs were examined. For this purpose, the EV array analysis was performed for the first 10 consecutive patients (5 Sevo vs. 5 Prop), in which samples were analyzed for 384 known miRNAs. For comparability, the demographic data of the 10 patients were evaluated, and the two groups were found to be comparable in terms of patient characteristics, bladder cancer classification, previous diseases and intraoperative and postoperative data (see table, supplemental digital content S2, showing the demographic data of the patients for array analyses).First, the total expression of miRNAs was measured from all 10 patients, independent of randomization (In the Propofol group, there was a 30% increase in miRNA expression after induction of anesthesia, whereas a slight decrease could be detected in the Sevoflurane group (−6%). Even after 30 min of surgery, there was a 9% increase in miRNAs in the Propofol group compared with baseline. In contrast, miRNAs dropped slightly further to −9% in the Sevoflurane group. A total number of 176 miRNAs in the Propofol group and 159 miRNAs in the Sevoflurane group could have been detected within baseline, after induction of anesthesia and 30 min after the beginning of surgery. As Venn diagrams represent partial quantities, some miRNAs expressed in both groups can overlap. In conclusion, the Propofol group showed an increased particle concentration and expression of EV miRNAs during surgery, whereas the Sevoflurane group showed a nonsignificant decrease in particle concentration and slightly fewer miRNAs.Individual miRNAs that were amplified from all patients of each group are presented in 