Conclusions
ADVERSE EVENTS
Vaping cessation is virtually unexplored and there is a clear need for treatment protocols and guidelines to advance best practices and outcomes for people who use ECs and want to quit. In particular, the efficacy and safety of medications approved for smoking cessation by the U.S. FDA for aiding vaping cessation have never been investigated. The findings of the present RCT indicate that the inclusion of varenicline in a vaping cessation program for adults who use ECs and intend to quit may result in prolonged abstinence without serious adverse events. This evidence supports the use of varenicline in cessation programs to help EC users stop vaping and may inform future recommendations by health authorities and healthcare providers. Studies with longer follow-ups should be conducted to evaluate long-term efficacy.