Discussion
bradycardia, ESPB, pain, hypotension, NRS, nausea, vomiting
ADVERSE EVENTS
In the current research, we observed that adding dexmedetomidine in US-guided ESPB was associated with a better analgesic effect by reducing intraoperative fentanyl and postoperative morphine consumption and a more prolonged analgesic effect and reduction of NRS with stable hemodynamics.Peripheral nerve blocks, such as interscalene and supraclavicular blocks, can be utilised for postoperative shoulder analgesia. There are many methods for treating pain following shoulder surgery [The increase in cation channels brought on by hyperpolarization, which prevents the nerve's membrane potential from returning to its resting state for potential discharge after hyperpolarization, is what gives perineuronal dexmedetomidine its analgesic effects [This is similar to another randomized controlled trial done by Elshal et al., [Similarly, Ciftci et al. [In contrast Kapukaya et al. [Shanthanna et al. [Also, Mohta et al. [In addition, Mohamed et al. [According to our trial's results, adding dexmedetomidine 0.5 µg/kg to ESPB did not generate significant changes in HR or MAP. In addition, the incidence of other adverse events, such as nausea, vomiting, hypotension, and bradycardia, was comparable across the two groups.Nevertheless, Esmaoglu et al. [