3. Results
The number of children assessed for eligibility was 240. Two hundred and twenty-two healthy toddlers were randomized (On average, the compliance rate was 75.8% ± 15.1% considering the total days of supplement consumption (Children’s characteristics at baseline for each treatment group are presented in No differences among treatment groups were observed at baseline in relation to biochemical measures. There was a significant and positive change in serum 25-OH-D concentrations over three months of the trial among children in each of the three VD groups but not in the MM non-VD group (For 25-OH-D, no difference was observed between the 400 IU D2 and the 800 IU D2 groups. For the other treatment groups, pairwise comparisons were statistically significant, with the largest change in the 1000 IU D3 group, followed by the 800 IU D2 group.A statistically-significant decrease was observed in iPTH concentrations for the three VD-supplemented groups but not in the MM non-VD group. Pairwise comparisons were statistically-significant only when comparing each of the three VD-supplemented groups vs. the MM non-VD group. The correlation between iPTH and 25-OH-D was between −0.16 and −0.15 at baseline and after three months (