INTRODUCTION
Calculus, Periodontitis, periodontium, EPS, tooth, calculus, Milleman et al., An RF toothbrush
MINERALIZATION, DISEASE, DENTAL PLAQUE, PERIODONTITIS, PLAQUE
Periodontitis is an inflammatory, irreversible disease that affects more than 50% of the population (Petersen & Ogawa, Calculus is a layered white or brown colored material. The adherence of calculus to tooth surfaces involves a complex process of chemical bonding that takes advantage of the unique properties of both the tooth surface and calculus. When dental plaque, a biofilm primarily composed of bacteria and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), is not adequately removed from the tooth surface, it can mineralize into calculus (also known as tartar). The mineralization process involves the integration of calcium and phosphate ions from saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), which precipitate within the organic matrix of the plaque, transforming it into a hard and tenacious structure (Akcalı & Lang, Oral hygiene practice and a strict maintenance program are of major importance in keeping periodontal patients from deteriorating. Adherence to supportive periodontal treatment and compliance have shown a more stable state of the periodontium in general, and specifically in periodontal patients (Costa et al., Additionally, RF energy can be utilized in certain chemical processes where it indirectly assists in breaking covalent and electrostatic forces. For example, in some types of chemical reactions, RF energy can provide the activation energy needed to initiate the reaction by destabilizing existing bonds and facilitating the formation of new bonds. When RF was compared with a powered toothbrush, the RF test group revealed a statistically significant reduction in calculus (Milleman et al., An RF toothbrush, aimed at enhancing dental hygiene and gingival health, uses low‐energy RF power to non‐abrasively cleanse tooth surfaces. It features an oval brush head with side‐to‐side vibration, a silicon strip, and two electrodes that stream energy over the silicon barrier to the teeth while brushing (Figure A three‐dimensional drawing of the toothbrush head, exhibiting the silicone strip and the electrodes.RF is an alternating electric current that oscillates at radio frequencies in the range of 3 kHz–300 GHz (Faveri et al., While conventional and electric toothbrushes are able to remove plaque solely, the RF toothbrush technology is unique regarding calculus detaching from dental surfaces. The improved and increased efficacy of the RF toothbrush might be explained due to its technological feature, where the electromagnetic field changes local charges around the tooth, disturbing the electro‐chemical balance of the tooth surface and thus theoretically removing calculus. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of RF toothbrushes on calculus formation. In addition, we checked periodontal inflammatory status as well as patient satisfaction.Our hypothesis is that the RF toothbrush will lessen calculus accumulation on anterior mandibular teeth between supportive periodontal therapy sessions.