Cost-utility
The mean QALYs in 1 year was 0.795 (95% CI 0.727–0.862) in the group with on-demand removal and 0.782 (95% CI 0.753–0.811) in the group with routine removal, which lead to a difference in QALYs of 0.013 (95% CI − 0.026 to 0.051, Effectiveness plane of QALYS compared to Incremental costs in Euros