Data source
AP patients were obtained from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV 1.0 (MIMIC-IV v1.0) database [The use of data from the MIMIC-IV database was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Since the data were deidentified, there was no requirement for informed consent. To access the database, we first completed the required online courses and an examination (Record ID: 42039823).