Outcomes
blood loss, tumour, stoma
BLOOD LOSS, SURGICAL COMPLICATION, TUMOUR, COMPLICATIONS, COMPLICATIONS
Complications were measured by the CCIOstomy-related complications were evaluated by dedicated ostomy staff using the validated DET scoreThe following preoperative data were collected prospectively: sex, age, body mass index (BMI), smoking habits, alcohol consumption, preoperative chemoradiation (CRT), and tumour height from the anal verge. Physical status was assessed by the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification and World Health Organization (WHO) performance status.Perioperative data collected were the type of surgery (open, laparoscopic, robot-assisted, or laparoscopic transanal total mesorectal excision), conversion to laparotomy, anastomotic height above the dentate line, number of cross staples, blood loss and placement of the pelvic drain. Postoperative data on the TNM stage were obtained from the histology report. Any complications within 90 days after LAR and within 30 days after stoma reversal were prospectively registered according to the Clavien‒Dindo (CD) classificationAll data were entered prospectively into a Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) database hosted by the Open Patient Data Explorative Network (OPEN). Surgical complications were registered by the surgeons, and stoma-related complications according to the DET were registered by the stoma nurses.