Patient and public involvement
RPE
Patient and public involvement was undertaken through the Manchester Academic Critical Care research group’s patient forum. There were powerful accounts from patients who regularly described not being able to understand what hospital staff wearing PPE were saying and being troubled that they had no idea what their carers looked like. These reports led us to focus on prioritising the ease of communication with Bubble-PAPR. Staff participants who were invited to wear Bubble-PAPR were recruited from clinical locations where RPE was mandated, by direct invitation from the research team.