Methods
pain
All patients were fasting and drinking water before operation. After entering the operating room, ECG, SBP, DBP, SPO2 and BIS were monitored. Conventional open venous access was used for intravenous infusion of compound sodium chloride injection, low flow nasal oxygen inhalation (2L/min), radial artery puncture and catheterization under ultrasound guidance, and ART was invasive monitored.The same induction regimen was utilized for all patient groups: midazolam 0.03 mg/kg, sufentanil 0.4 ug/kg, etomidate 0.3 mg/kg, and rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg were administered intravenously. After 3 min of pressure mask oxygenation to exclude nitrogen, the laryngeal mask was applied. Once the laryngeal mask was in a good position (The two groups performed an ultrasond-guided lateral fascia ilicaca block utilizing the suprainguinal facial iliaca (iliaca) technique, 0.33% ropivacaine + 0.66% lidocaine 30 ml. At the same time, PCIA was connected for analgesia. Combined with the references and preliminary experimental results, Esketamine (Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co., LTD., specification: 2 ml/50 mg, batch number: 210922BL), dissolved in normal saline and prepared to 100 ml, was given to group A at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg, with a background dose of 2 ml/h, a PCA dose of 3 ml, and a locking period of 15 min. Sufentanil (Yichang Renfu Pharmaceutical Co., LTD., specification: 1 ml/50ug, batch number: 21A03271) was dissolved in normal saline at a rate of 2.5ug/kg and then combined to a final volume of 100 ml in group B. The PCIA parameters matched those in group A.After the procedure, the patient was transferred to the Postanesthesia Care Unit (PACU), where the laryngeal mask was removed once the patient's spontaneous breathing and level of consciousness had returned to normal. After 30 min of observation, the patient was sent back to the ward when the vital signs stabilized and the Steward score reached > 4. PCA compression is advised to ease pain if the pain score is > 4 after returning to the ward.