Statistical analysis
SD
REGRESSION, RECURRENCE
Because the missing values for most laboratory examination and echocardiographic indexes were replaced with their medians, they were described as the median (IQR) and compared using Mann–Whitney U test. Continuous variables with normal distribution were expressed as the mean ± SD and compared by one-way ANOVA. Categorical data were described as numbers and percentages, and the Chi square test or Fisher’s exact test were used where appropriate. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, Precision-Recall curve and Decision Curve Analysis were used on the testing cohort to show the ability of ML model to classify correctly. Youden index was used to determine the threshold of each continuous covariate in the training cohort. Kaplan–Meier curve was used to describe time to AF recurrence. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were used to explore the potential risk factors. Risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to describe the potential risk factors. A two-sided 