2.5.2. Perceived Stiffness
SECONDARY
All secondary outcomes were measured by two trained researchers who were informed of the subgroups. The perceived stiffness of the back was measured using a 10 cm visual analog scale. The left side anchored “no stiffness at all,” and the right side anchored “the strongest stiffness imaginable.” Participants were asked to draw a line across the VAS based on their self-perceived back condition [