Limitations
OUD
Limitations include the challenges in identifying individuals meeting the eligibility criteria and in quantifying low level risky opioid use. Risky opioid use and OUD are not well captured in electronic health records ,[The primary outcome of days of risky opioid use for this trial comes from validated tools but itself has not been validated. Existing opioid-specific screening tools can predict likelihood of opioid misuse but do not quantify or identify risky opioid use. The study design relies on frequent self-reported assessments of substance use to assess the primary outcome. Assessment itself has been observed to motivate change in trials of early intervention approaches for risky alcohol use, [