Conclusions
fatigue
This study is the first to investigate the effects of supplementation from the combination of BCAAs, L-citrulline, and A-GPC on exercise performance. There was a significant increase in peak power during the 20 km TT test and increased time to fatigue in the HIEC test. These observed improvements would represent a meaningful difference in athletic performance as a slight increase in performance is often what is needed to change the overall outcome in an athletic competition. Since there are multiple ingredients in the supplement, it is not possible to determine which ingredient(s) contributed the most to the ergogenic effect and to what degree. It can be argued that a supplement like this one with ingredients that work both uniquely and synergistically is likely to provide the greatest benefit to exercise performance. Future studies should investigate BCAAs alone versus this combination to determine the amount of synergistic effect from L-citrulline and A-GPC, in addition to chronic versus acute loading protocol and benefits of this supplement on different measures of performance and with various populations (e.g. age ranges, gender, sports, level of training, season of training). Nonetheless, the results from the present study suggest the combination of BCAAs, L-citrulline, and A-GPC may be useful for individuals seeking to improve athletic performance, particularly in cycling and similar disciplines requiring muscular strength and endurance.