Sample size calculation
COMPLICATIONS, POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS
Our preliminary investigation of the incidence of in-hospital postoperative complications after open radical cystectomy at the Seoul National University Hospital showed that 40% of the patients had one or more complications after surgery during the hospital stay. Assuming that the incidence of postoperative complications can be reduced from 40 to 12% if patients were managed using GDHT, 37 patients were required, with an alpha of 0.05 and a power of 20% for each group. Considering a 10% drop-out rate, 82 patients were required.