Study variables
This section presents a comprehensive list of both dependent and independent variables utilized in the study, along with their corresponding levels of measurement and variable types. The dependent variable, “Health education intervention”, was a nominal categorical variable with two distinct categories, “Exposed” and “Non-exposed”.The independent variables consist of several categories, including age, education status, occupation status, household size, marital status, type of marriage, ethnicity, husband age, husband education status, husband occupation, radio/TV ownership, listen to radio, radio discussion, and influenced by a radio discussion. Age and household size were measured as a ratio variable on a discrete scale, while the rest were nominal categorical variables.The study also measured three variables related to maternal health services utilization: knowledge on maternal health services utilization, attitude on maternal health services utilization, and practice on maternal health services utilization. These variables were ratio variables measured on a discrete scale.