Conclusions
cancer pain, pain
Twice-daily administration of bilayer tramadol tablets comprising 35% immediate-release and 65% sustained-release tramadol was as effective as four-times-daily IR capsules regarding the improvement in the VAS for pain at rest. We also observed strong similarity in the other effectiveness outcomes, including the improvements in VAS for pain at rest and during movement on each study day, sleep quality, use of rescue medications, and EQ-5D-5L QOL scores. Furthermore, the safety profiles of both study groups were consistent with the known safety profile for tramadol. Overall, these findings indicate that bilayer tramadol tablets are an effective and tolerable treatment option for managing cancer pain, comparable to four-times-daily administration of IR capsules.