2.6. Radiographic Evaluation 
Preoperative CBCT scans and digital panoramic radiographs were obtained to determine mini-implant dimensions. Panoramic radiographs were obtained again after the MDI insertions to check their parallelism and positions. In some participants, panoramic radiographs were also obtained at the follow-up examinations (At the MDI loading (mounting of metal housings with O-rings), digital retroalveolar radiographs were obtained to determine the marginal bone level (Minray Soredex Intraoral, Tuusula, Finland, 70 kV, 0.16 mAs; the long-cone paralleling technique). The digital retroalveolar radiographs were also obtained at the 1-, 3-, and 5-year clinical follow-up examinations. A film holder (X-ray holder, Super-BiteThe MBL change was measured at the mesial and distal sites of each MDI using Scanora