INTRODUCTION
death, Stroke, cognitive impairment, stroke, ischemic stroke, disability
STROKE, ISCHEMIC STROKE, STROKE, ISCHEMIC STROKE
Stroke is the leading cause of death and disability in China. Ischemic stroke is the most conspicuous type of stroke, and about 2/3 of patients with ischemic stroke have cognitive impairment.The current clinical screening and diagnosis of PISEI relies predominantly on patients' clinical symptoms and neuropsychological scales, and lacks precise and quantitative evaluation indexes.Currently, the clinical intervention of PISEI mainly focuses on cognitive function training. Although its effectiveness has been confirmed by some studies, it is time‐consuming and laborious, with slow onset effect, and its efficacy is easily affected by patients' compliance. However, PISEI patients often fail to cooperate in cognitive training due to their cognitive impairment, resulting in a significant reduction in the efficacy.Here, we aimed to explore whether fNIRS can be used as a prompt diagnostic tool for PISEI and to clarify the efficacy of TMS interventions for PISEI and the changes in brain function. The results of this research will provide an empirical basis for the feasibility of fNIRS as a screening and diagnostic tool for PISEI, and also provide new therapeutic ideas for the possibility of TMS as a new technology to upgrade PISEI, which is of great significance to further optimize the intervention strategy of PISEI.