Outcomes
stroke, acute renal failure; gastrointestinal failure, haemorrhage, cardiac arrest
PULMONARY EMBOLISM, MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, INTRACRANIAL BLEEDING, RESPIRATORY FAILURE, EVENT, STROKE, CARDIAC ARREST, HAEMORRHAGE, SECONDARY, NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION, ACUTE PANCREATITIS, INTESTINAL PERFORATION, COMPLICATIONS
Our primary endpoint was all-cause mortality within 5 years (for prognostic analyses) and within 30 days (for the evaluation of treatment response according to the initial trial). Short- and long-term secondary endpoints were predefined as: adverse clinical outcome within 30 days (including all-cause mortality; admission to ICU from a medical ward; non-elective hospital readmission after discharge; novel major complications - including adjudicated nosocomial infection, respiratory failure, a major cardiovascular event (i.e., stroke, intracranial bleeding, cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction or pulmonary embolism); acute renal failure; gastrointestinal failure (i.e., haemorrhage, intestinal perforation, acute pancreatitis); length of hospital stay (LOS); loss of function (10% decrease in Barthel Index, performance of daily living activities on a scale of 0–100, with higher scores indicating fewer problems with self-care and mobility); mean protein and energy intake within 10 days; and finally, handgrip strength (HGS).