Outcome measures
Depression, (WHO-5)Sleep disturbance
SECONDARY
Levels of stress were measured using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) stress subscale (7 items)Wellbeing was measured via the World Health Organisation-5 Well-Being Index (WHO-5)Sleep disturbance was measured using the PROMIS Item Bank v1.0—Sleep Disturbance—Short Form 8a scale (PROMIS-8a)Additionally, self-reported credibility and expectancy of the breathwork protocols for both groups were measured by the Credibility/Expectancy Questionnaire (CEQ-6)The final secondary outcome was self-reported adherence to the breathwork protocol (number of sessions participants reported practising out of the 28 days assigned)—measured post-intervention. Other outcomes included brief self-reports on practice impairment (i.e., whether anything hindered participants ability to perform breathwork), overall experience (i.e., positive, negative, neutral) and hypothesis guessing (to garner indication of how well blinding worked). These were measured via short optional open-ended questions to compliment the primary and secondary outcomes.