2.1. Study Design and Study Participants
This prospective, single-centered, and randomized controlled trial was conducted in Derince Training and Research Hospital from September 2018 to September 2019. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Kocaeli University Ethical Committee of Clinical Research (KOU KIA 2018/260). The study was registered on clinicaltrials.gov (trial registration number: 02/08/2018 NCT03614845). Before randomization, written informed consent was obtained from all participants during preoperative evaluation. The study adhered to the reporting standards established by the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT).