Analysis
SECONDARY
Statistical analyses were performed using SAS software, version 9.4 (SAS Institute, North Carolina, US) and R 4.4.1.The secondary outcome was the proportion of students who chose the DRP (i.e. rated at least 1 on a scale of − 5 to 5 for the DRP). For secondary outcomes, we estimated both the absolute risk difference of proportions of students who chose the DRP and relative risk (with 95% CIs) with a log binomial model under a GEE framework assuming an exchangeable correlation structure in the context of clustered data due to vignettes. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Furthermore, we conducted a post hoc analysis to examine factors associated with DRP. Vignettes assessed before randomization were pooled from the two trials. The factors considered were determined a priori: gender, research experience, training on research integrity, and pressure to publish. We estimated odds ratios (with 95% CIs) using univariate and multivariate logistic models under a GEE framework, assuming an exchangeable correlation structure in the context of clustered data due to vignettes.