Limitation
Pain
Only a few nurses in the HIOPP-3-iTBX study had one of the additional qualifications Pain Nurse (Data from the HIOPP-3-iTBX study does not allow for a description more detailed how the trained nursing professionals apply their knowledge in daily care. In addition, there is no data on whether the presence of nurses with additional qualifications changes the medication processes related to the prescription of PIM/ antipsychotics. Possible hypotheses are that the NH with specialized nurses are more innovative overall with possible side-effects such as more in-house training and case discussions or different attitudes towards interprofessional cooperation. This aspect needs to be investigated in further studies. Therefore, important information to undermine the findings is lacking. A further limitation could be an unintended selection bias: it is hard to rule out that NH, pharmacists, and FDs with a high interest in the topic participated in the study.