Sensitivity analysis.
Propensity weighed and non-weighted analyses: comparison of the estimated TE in the total population (All data) and in population without high (Prob  >  0.8) and without low (Prob  <  0.2) placebo response. The dots represent the TE value estimated in the MMRM analysis, the horizontal lines represent the 95% confidence intervals (the solid lines correspond to the 12.5 mg arm and the dotted lines corresponds to the 25 mg arm). The vertical blue dotted lines represent some reference TE values of −4, −2, and 0.The estimated % absolute deviation of the TE values was 1.13 and 0.164 for the conventional and the propensity weighted analyses, respectively. This large difference indicates that the propensity analysis is less sensitive to the presence of excessively low or excessively high placebo responders due to the effect of the weight probability. On the contrary, the estimated TE in the conventional MMRM analysis was significantly influenced by the distribution of the different level of placebo responders and non-responders.