2.1. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
anxiety disorder, PMDD, psychiatric, post-traumatic stress disorder, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, depression, psychotic disorders, diabetes
DISORDER, PMS, DIABETES
Adolescents who were in grade 10 or 11, aged 16 years or above, and had regular menstrual cycles were included in this study. Exclusion criteria included those who were known to have a psychiatric disorder (such as depression, generalized anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, psychotic disorders), and diabetes. In addition, those with a history of oral contraceptive use, and those who were previously administered with, or adhered to, dietary recommendations for PMS management or those who utilized herbal remedies were further excluded. Adolescents with a confirmed diagnosis of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) were also excluded and referred to the nearest local healthcare center for urgent management by a well-trained family physician.