MATERIALS AND METHODS
infection, tumor, pain
TUMOR, METASTATIC DISEASE, INFECTION, PULMONARY METASTASES, PRIMARY TUMOR, METASTASES
Medical records of all patients with OST and pulmonary metastases diagnosed and treated between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2018, at Children's Hospital Los Angeles were reviewed. Only patients that underwent metastasectomy during primary treatment or at first relapse were analyzed. Data including age at diagnosis, sex, primary site, presence or absence of metastatic disease, sites of metastases, location, treatment details, surgical approach to pulmonary metastases, histologic response of primary tumor to chemotherapy, surgical morbidities (infection, pneumothorax/emphysema, pain, Foley catheter usage, chest tube placement, and days of hospitalization), date of last follow‐up and vital status were collected. Requirements for epidural and/or patient‐controlled analgesia (PCA) with or without continuous narcotic infusion were used as surrogates for pain. Good histologic response following chemotherapy was defined as <10% residual viable tumor, and poor histologic response as ≥10% residual viable tumor.