4.1. Effect of RPG Dietary Fiber Bread on Human Satiety and Blood Glucose
satiety, fullness, swelling, eating desire
ADHESION, ALMEIDA
As a new type of nutrient, the use of dietary fiber has gradually been extended from the fields of health foods to the field of dairy, beverages, baking, and other traditional foods [Soluble dietary fiber is rich in a variety of polysaccharide compounds that exhibit a certain degree of adhesion. The molecular structure of polysaccharides is similar to the three-dimensional network structure. With the addition of soluble dietary fiber to the flour, the combination of proteins in the flour forms a larger lattice structure, which can inhibit the aging of starch and play a role in improving the taste and texture of the flour [In the present study, RPG dietary fiber bread showed better swelling ability, and the specific volume of bread was similar to that of ordinary white bread and significantly higher than that of pectin bread. In addition, the water content of both RPG fiber bread and pectin bread was more than 45%, which was significantly higher than that of white bread. This indicated that both RPG dietary fiber and pectin can increase the water retention capacity of bread, which is consistent with the findings of Almeida et al. [Interestingly, human studies have found that RPG dietary fiber bread has a significantly better effect on enhancing satiety and suppressing hunger compared to white bread. However, in terms of increasing fullness, reducing eating desire, and reducing prospective food consumption, RPG dietary fiber bread was found to be significantly less effective than pectin bread. Moreover, RPG dietary fiber bread was not as effective as pectin bread in suppressing appetite. This may be attributed to the lower pectin content in RPG dietary fiber bread compared to pectin bread [Furthermore, compared to white bread, RPG dietary fiber bread significantly controlled the increment in blood glucose in subjects during the 30–150 min postprandial period. This may be attributable to the fact that RPG dietary fiber is more viscous than pectin, which slows gastric emptying and also reduces the rate of starch digestion and glucose absorption in the small intestine [