Introduction
substance abuse disorders, opioid abuse, heart failure disease, substance abuse
CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE, DISEASE, CHRONIC DISEASES
Statistics of the United Nations World Drug Report, more than 35 million people worldwide had substance abuse disorders and needed medical care in 2019, while only one in seven had access to treatment (In studies on the effects of substance abuse on quality of life (QOL), it has been indicated that the QOL in patients with opioid abuse reduces in different stages of disease and recovery, either from a subjective or objective perspective, in different modes. In addition, the evaluation of the QOL process can be used to determine the effect of various medical and non-medical measures (Roy's adaptation model (RAM) has been used in nursing research, education, and care for many years (The studies that used RAM for nursing care in chronic diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure disease showed positive results of the model, such as increasing adaptation and QOL (While several studies have been conducted on the effectiveness of different types of psychological therapies on patients with opioid abuse (