Procedure
LBP, NSLBP
The workshops for LBP prevention consisted of a one-hour lecture by a physical therapist on the causes of LBP; the relationship between LBP and ergonomic factors, such as posture and movement; the relationship between LBP and psychosocial factors; methods of self-assessment for LBP risk; and important parts of LBP prevention. Baseline data were collected using a questionnaire from a total of 136 participants from Companies A and B, who provided written and oral informed consent to participate in the study. Research participants were informed that they would be classified into either an intervention or a control group. The participants later underwent stratified assignment based on sex, age, and presence of NSLBP in the past year, with both companies comprising intervention and control groups. Both groups were mailed a pamphlet with a written summary of the content of the workshop, and the pamphlet for the intervention group also included details of the quick simple exercise program and instructed participants to perform the quick simple exercises at least once every day at work.After three months, the same data that were collected at baseline were collected again with the assistance of the health and safety supervisor at each company. In the post-intervention evaluation, participants in the intervention group were also asked how often they performed the physical exercises during a five-day work week using the following question: “Did you do the quick simple exercises every day?” Response options were as follows: (1) “I did them on at least four days,” (2) “I did them on about three or four days,” (3) “I did them on two or three days (about once every two days),” (4) “I did them on about one or two days (about once every three days),” (5) “I did them on about one day,” and (6) “I did not do them at all.”