2.3. Human Participants and the In Vivo Study
iAUCg
Twelve healthy, non-smoking volunteers between 18 and 45 years old and with a body mass index (BMI) between 18.5 to 25 kg/mThe GI of a given food reflects how much its digestible carbohydrate content raises blood glucose levels. It is defined as the incremental area under the blood glucose response curve (iAUCg) after consumption of a portion of test food providing 50 g of available carbohydrates and is expressed as a percentage of the average iAUCg for the same amount of carbohydrates from a reference food (glucose) ingested by the same subject on a separate occasion (iAUCg test food/average iAUCg reference food_100). The iAUCg is the incremental area under the blood glucose response curve (calculated over a 2 h period following ingestion of the test product: 0–120 min), ignoring the area beneath the fasting concentration (as recommended in the International Standard (ISO 26642:2010). The kinetics of glycemia over 2 h were also investigated. Moreover, the insulin index (II) was calculated with the same method as GI, by measuring the extent to which a food product raised the plasma insulin concentration [