Dietary intervention study
Weight loss, overweight, weight loss
OBESE, INSULIN SENSITIVITY
A randomized comparison of a 20% energy-restricted diet for 12 wk compared with a 12-wk weight-maintenance diet (based on average energy intake in the EU), was conducted in a cohort of adults classified as overweight and obese (average BMI: 29.2; range: 24.7–35.6). Inclusion and exclusion criteria are listed in Changes in body composition and biomarkers induced by weight lossAT, adipose tissue; WLG, weight-lowering group; WMG, weight-maintaining group; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure. Results are presented as means ± SEM. Weight loss–induced changes in plasma levels of markers of insulin sensitivity at fasting and during dietary challengesMMTT, mixed-meal tolerance test; WLG, weight-lowering group (The dietary macronutrient content in the WLG reflected nutritional recommendations in the United Kingdom. Approximately 50% of energy derived is from carbohydrates, of which more than 18 g of dietary fiber, 35% from fat, and 15% from protein. Energy intake was 20% less than the estimated energy expenditure [Both groups were contacted individually at weeks 0, 4, 8, and 12, and with telephonic interviews on weeks 2, 6, and 10. The aim was to encourage dietary compliance and reduce variability in weight loss. Diets were individually composed to comply with the personal dietary habits of everyone. Both groups completed 7-d food diaries during weeks 1–13 to monitor dietary changes. Both groups were instructed to keep exercise at habitual levels. More details about the intervention study can be found in the Supplementary Methods.