Muscle strength
flexion and extension motions, Knee muscle strength
CONTRACTIONS
Knee muscle strength was evaluated by maximal contractions using an isokinetic test system (IsoMed 2000, D&R Ferstl GmbH, Hemau, Germany). Before the test, the participants will perform three submaximal repetitions for familiarization. During the test, they were asked to perform five constant flexion and extension motions at their maximum effort using a concentric-concentric contractions model without gravity compensation at angular velocities of 60°/second. Knee muscle strength was evaluated by peak torque normalized to individual body mass (Nm/kg ×100). The test-retest reliability ICCs of the isokinetic knee muscle strength assessment was 0.94 [