Anthropometrics
skeletal muscle mass
The participants wore simple clothes that contained no metal to ensure accurate measurements and minimum of 8 h of fasting to retain an empty stomach until measurements were taken. Height was measured using a portable extensometer InlabS50 (Biospace Corp., Seoul, Korea). Body composition was determined using Inbody S10 (Biospace Corp., Seoul, Korea) before and after 12 weeks, evaluating weight (kg), percentage of body fat (PBF; %), and skeletal muscle mass (SMM; kg). Body mass index (BMI) was calculated by taking the body mass divided by height squared (kg/m