Study design and study population
T2D
METABOLIC DISEASES, DISEASE
Individuals of this study were part of a randomized controlled study at the Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolic Diseases and Clinical Chemistry at the University of Heidelberg in Germany. The study protocol was approved by the ethics committee of the University of Heidelberg (Ethic-Nr. S-682/2016) in compliance with national guidelines and the declaration of Helsinki. This study was registered at the German Clinical Trials Register (Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien DRKS; DRKS-ID: DRKS00014287).Inclusion criteria were age between 50 and 75 years, T2D with a disease duration of minimum 1 year, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) > 30 ml/min/173mEligible study participants were randomly assigned to receive either a fasting-mimicking diet (FMD) or a Mediterranean diet (M-Diet) for 5 consecutive days each month. Participants in the FMD group received a plant-based diet that mimics fasting-like effects on glucose and ketone bodies as previously reported (