Primary outcome measures
Appropriateness of medication was the primary outcome. To account for the multi-dimensionality of this construct and to capture both over-prescribing and under-prescribing, we used two primary outcome measures: the Medication Appropriateness Index (MAI) and the Assessment of Underutilisation (AOU) (both at 12 months). The MAI allows assessment of the appropriateness of prescriptions, and the AOU measures the number of prescribing omissions.