Primary outcomes
NDD, NDDs, anemia
ANEMIA
The unadjusted means for NDDs and PEth by study month are presented (We found no evidence of effect modification by sex, baseline alcohol use (above or below the median NDD, PEth, and AUDIT-C≥8), baseline social desirability score (above or below the median), and whether the study visit occurred before or after the COVID-19 restrictions were instituted (p > 0.200, data not shown). There was an interaction of literacy with treatment effects for the NDD outcome (p = 0.05); we found that the treatment effects measured by NDD persisted in both literacy strata, but were stronger in the low literacy group (data not shown). We reached the same conclusions when we included missing data at follow-up as their baseline values in sensitivity analyses (data not shown). The intervention effects on PEth did not differ substantially when we adjusted for BMI and anemia, nor when those with high BMI or anemia (n = 44) were excluded from the analyses (data not shown).