Introduction
Frailty
Frailty is characterized by the depletion of biological reserves, impaired physiological mechanisms, and susceptibility to a variety of adverse outcomes and it is closely related to ageing (Frailty phenotype states and components exhibit dynamic longitudinal transitions (The progressive decline in physical function and the subsequent loss of personal self-sufficiency are classical concerns in actual geriatric medicine, closely associated with frailty. In recent years, there has been growing attention to the levels of physical activity and inactivity among older adults, which are often alarmingly low and have adverse health consequences (Previous studies have provided support for the effectiveness of exercise and nutritional interventions in reducing physical frailty (Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the effects of an educational program on frailty status, physical function, physical activity, sleep patterns, and nutritional status in community-dwelling older adults with frailty or pre-frailty. This educational program included guidelines for physical activity, nutrition, and cognitive training, as well as promoting psychological and social well-being over 6 months with 4 sessions and 6 phone calls, making it readily adaptable to nursing care routines.