Objective
intraoperative blood loss, knee arthroplasty, bleeding, TKA
BLEEDING, INTRAOPERATIVE BLOOD LOSS
This prospective trial aimed to evaluate the effects of low-dose intravenous norepinephrine (NE) on intraoperative blood loss and bleeding from osteotomy sites during non-tourniquet total knee arthroplasty (TKA) under general anesthesia.