Introduction
deaths, Annual Trivalent
VIRUS, ADVERSE EVENTS, INFLUENZA B, INFLUENZA, INFLUENZA A, INFLUENZA, VIRAL ILLNESS
Influenza is an acute viral illness of the respiratory tract and poses a substantial public health burden in terms of morbidity, mortality, and costs. The World Health Organization (WHO) reported that 3–5 million cases of severe influenza occur each year worldwide, resulting in about 290,000 to 650,000 related deaths per year. One of the goals of the Global Influenza Strategy for 2019–2030 is to reduce the burden of seasonal influenza by promoting research and innovation for improved influenza vaccines [Internationally available vaccines for controlling seasonal influenza are safe and effective and have the potential to prevent significant annual morbidity and mortality. The WHO annually recommends composing vaccines based on global virological surveillance. Annual Trivalent influenza HA vaccines (TIVs) contain two influenza A strains (H1N1 and H3N2) and only one influenza B virus [In February 2009, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), considered in adding an additional influenza B strain in the antigenic composition of seasonal influenza vaccines [At first, Bio Farma formulated TIVs and have conducted several studies on seasonal TIVs between 2008 and 2014. The results of these studies were consistent. TIVs were well-tolerated and induced high antibody titer against influenza antigens and no serious adverse events (AEs) during the study [