1. Introduction
rheumatoid arthritis, Osteoarthritis, osteoarthritis, inflammation, musculoskeletal disorders, pain, degenerative osteoarthritis, chronic disease
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS, DISEASE PROGRESSION, OSTEOARTHRITIS, INFLAMMATION, OSTEOARTHRITIS, DISEASE, LIVER DAMAGE, MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS, DEGENERATIVE OSTEOARTHRITIS, GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT DISORDERS, DISEASE, CHRONIC DISEASE
Osteoarthritis is a significant global health problem. Many patients seek more effective alternatives to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicines or commercial supplements to manage joint pain and inflammation. FlexPro MDArthritis is a chronic disease that affects millions of people worldwide. According to the Global Burden of Disease published in 2017, approximately 300 million people suffer from musculoskeletal disorders in 195 countries. Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis account for 19.3% and 1.3% of people affected by musculoskeletal disorders, respectively [The global prevalence of osteoarthritis has increased by 48% from 1990 to 2019, with the highest prevalence in North America, specifically in people 50 to 60 years of age [There is no cure for osteoarthritis, and most patients use a variety of treatment methods to relieve symptoms such as joint pain and stiffness. Medication treatments include oral acetaminophen, corticosteroids, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), application of anti-inflammatory patches, or intraarticular injections of corticosteroid or hyaluronic acid (HA) to reduce inflammation and increase joint flexibility, respectively [The most commonly used treatment for osteoarthritis is medication therapy, which aims to relieve pain and inflammation, improve joint function, and limit disease progression. Medication therapy should consider the patient’s underlying disease, other medications being taken, comorbidities, and patient preferences. Oral NSAIDs are the most commonly used medication to manage osteoarthritis. However, NSAID therapy can lead to various side effects, such as gastrointestinal tract disorders, cardiovascular issues, liver damage, and decreased renal function [Interest in functional joint health ingredients with few side effects, such as soy isoflavones, N-acetylglucosamine, and methylsulfonylmethane (MSM), is increasing. These ingredients are known to regulate collagen degradation and synthesis, have anti-inflammatory activity, and inhibit joint damage by promoting cartilage synthesis [The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of FP-MD compared with a placebo in addressing joint pain in participants diagnosed with mild degenerative osteoarthritis after 12 weeks of supplementation.