Definitions
CHDs
THORACIC, HEART
The severity of CHDs was classified into mild, moderate, and severe according to previously published classifications [The new 2020 Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS)-European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS) Congenital Heart Surgery Mortality Score and Categories (STS-EACTS Mortality Score and Categories) or also commonly referred to as STAT Mortality Score and Categories were used to grade the congenital heart surgery procedures based on their risk for in-hospital mortality [For quantification of the use of catecholamines, we employed the vasoactive-inotropic score (VIS). It includes the following vasoactive medications: dopamine, dobutamine, epinephrine, milrinone, vasopressin, and norepinephrine. The VIS was calculated by the formula previously published: dopamine dose (μg/kg/min) + dobutamine dose (μg/kg/min) + 100 × epinephrine dose (μg/kg/min) × (10 × milrinone dose (μg/kg/min) + 10 × vasopressin dose (mU/kg/min) + 100 × norepinephrine dose (μg/kg/min) [