Experimental day 1
The participants completed a 3-h MMTT. The liquid meal was prepared using 400 ml of Nestlé Resource with an additional 36 g of dextrose (total energy content, 735 kcal; E%, 64/24/12 carbohydrate/fat/protein). Paracetamol (1.5 g) was added to assess gastric emptying. Body weight was measured with an electronic scale, and height was measured with a Holtain stadiometer according to standard procedures. VO