Findings
In this cluster randomized trial with 49 general practitioners (GPs) caring for 389 children and youths, child mental health training for GPs increased children’s receipt of mental health care (GPs more likely to counsel, parents more likely to report that their children had received mental health care) compared with GPs instructed only to refer. Across all GPs, children’s mental health improved similarly regardless of training; however, among GPs whose patients were predominantly children, training significantly improved child mental health status compared with instruction to refer.