Data collection procedure
weight loss
At screening (at least 5 months before baseline from September 2020 to February 2021), an independent nurse contacted the participants for eligibility by gathering phone call data about their age, health information, and medical history (such as smoking status, comorbidities, and weight loss program participation for the last 6 months).Study interviews: The eligible participants met in the lab after an overnight fast for at least 12 h at both baseline and post-intervention testing. Demographic data (age, gender, height, weight, waist-hip ratio (WHR), and BMI) and laboratory test data were collected.The participants had a light breakfast at least two hours before undergoing a submaximal exercise test under the supervision of a well-trained research member (M.M) to determine the proper individualized exercise intensity. Participants returned within a week after all eligibility criteria were confirmed to begin their program. The same protocol was used for the three-month follow-up, which ended for all participants on October 30, 2021, while the entire study was completed on January 30, 2022.