Statistical analyses
hypothermia
In a preliminary study (n = 12 per group), the incidence rates of intraoperative hypothermia in the PP and C groups were 25% (3/12) and 66.7% (8/12), respectively. The sample size was calculated with an effect size Continuous variables were analyzed using Student's t- or Mann-Whitney U test after assessing the data distribution using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and are presented as the mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range). Categorical variables were compared using the χ