Randomization and intervention
Participants (n = 70) were allocated into two groups by a blinded nurse with a computer-generated random number table in a double-blinded way: a control group, patients did not receive any local hemostatic measures during the surgery; an ORC group, patients were treated locally with ORC (Surgicel Fibrillar™ [2.5 * 5.1 cm]; Ethicon Inc., San Lorenzo, Puerto Rico, USA). The ratio of patients assigned to both groups was 1:1, with 35 patients in each group. The grouping of each patient was placed in an opaque sealed envelope by the blinded nurse and brought into the operating room prior to surgery. Prior to surgery, the envelope was opened by the operator to confirm the grouping of patients, followed by surgery. The person collecting the data did not participate in the study. The investigator analyzed the data after the entire experiment was completed.