CASE STUDY: EFFECT OF PALIVIZUMAB ON INFANT HOSPITAL ADMISSION
RSV, congenital heart disease, chronic lung disease, RSV bronchiolitis
CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE, ACUTE LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION
RSV is a major cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants, with RSV bronchiolitis responsible for 40,000 hospital admissions annually in England (An observational cohort of infants potentially eligible for palivizumab treatment in England has been developed (This cohort identifies a source population of 8,294 high-risk infants, defined as having congenital heart disease or chronic lung disease, under care of an HTI-reporting hospital, alive at the start of their first RSV season (October 1 to March 31), with a full linked hospital admission history. This is shown in the cohort flow charts of Derivation of the source population for the IQVIA (Derivation of the complete records target trial and of the imputed target trials of palivizumab treatment; infants born in England between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2016, with linked Hospital Episodes Statistics and prescription data who were eligible to receive treatment under 1a and 2a criteria. Note that the exact size of the imputed target trial is unknown, and depends on the imputed data, but must be at least of size 1,753 (those with complete eligible data who qualify).Infants in the source population were considered eligible for the TT if they had a diagnosis of congenital heart disease or chronic lung disease and met additional eligibility criteria based on gestational age and chronological age at start of RSV season and, specifically, those who met 1a or 2a criteria for recommendation of treatment by palivizumab in Chapter 27a in the Green Book (