1. Introduction
lung cancer
LUNG CANCER
In 2022, there were approximately two million new cases of lung cancer diagnosed in the U.S. [For decades, cutting-edge studies in lung cancer treatment focusing on molecular insights, especially in immune checkpoint inhibitors, have resulted in remarkable findings [The scientific development in screening and treatment of lung cancer brings about early detection and lower mortality, whereas it also puts new challenges to healthcare services. On the one side, there is a limit of studies for the estimation of cost-effectiveness to age ranges of lung cancer screening [There are some researches revealing the correlation between lung cancer and other factors such as sex [