General anesthesia and postoperative analgesia
nerve block
MUSCLE RELAXATION
All nerve block procedures were performed by the same senior anesthesiologist after anesthesia induction. For the induction of anesthesia, midazolam 0.05 mg/kg, etomidate 0.1 ~ 0.2 mg/kg, rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg, and remifentanil 1 ~ 2 μg/kg were administered intravenously. Endotracheal intubation was inserted after muscle relaxation. The maintenance of anesthesia was achieved with sevoflurane at a minimum alveolar concentration of 0.8 to 1, remifentanil at 0.1 to 0.3 μg/kg/min, propofol 2 ~ 5 mg/kg/h and intermittent doses of rocuronium. Throughout the operation, ETCO2 was maintained at 35 to 40 mmHg, BIS was kept at 45 to 55, and the fluctuation of MAP and HR did not exceed ± 10% of the baseline. All hip arthroplasty procedures were performed by the same surgeon. After the operation, patients received an intravenous injection of flurbiprofen 50 mg, administrated twice a day.