Patient enrollment
nausea and vomiting, OSA, T2DM, apnea-hypopnea, trauma
HYPERTHYROIDISM, HYPOTHYROIDISM, CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE STAGE 4
From July 2019 to September 2021, patients with T2DM and severe OSA (AHI > 15) were recruited from clinics at Shenzhen Yantian People’s Hospital and Longyan First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University. All patients who participated in this study provided informed consent.Inclusion criteria were:Age 18–75 years;Clinical diagnosis of T2DM;Severe OSA with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) > 15 by polysomnography;No current use of DPP-IV inhibitors or GLP-1RA treatment; Current use of CPAP treatment.Exclusion criteria were:Pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant soon;Contraindication for DPP-IV inhibitors or GLP1-RAs;Heart failure class III–IV;Chronic kidney disease stage 4 and stage 5;History of pancreatitis;Infections, trauma, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, or malignant tumors;Reluctance to follow up or participation in other clinical trials simultaneously.The patients were followed up in the outpatient clinic once per month and prescribed medication. One patient in the liraglutide group refused to continue the study because of nausea and vomiting on day 8. All follow-up and data collection were completed in the remaining 89 patients.