Introduction
cancers, type II diabetes
CANCERS, CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, AIDS, DISEASE, DISEASES, TYPE II DIABETES
The health benefits of exercise for reducing the risk of non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes and some cancers, are well documented (Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, The number of hours in a day is fixed and finite, distributed between obligatory time (such as time spent working, sleeping, domestic activities, commuting or eating) and discretionary time (the remaining ‘free’ time) (Goodin et al., To improve compliance and adherence to exercise, the concept of temporal consistency has been proposed. Regularly performing an activity at a specific time, may be important for long-term adherence as it aids in creating a ‘protected time’ for exercise habits (Kaushal & Rhodes, The activity swaps in response to morning or evening exercise are not understood, and are likely to be different. For example, a person who embarks on a new morning exercise program may forego their recreational walk (Sahlqvist et al., Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate how previously inactive adults restructure their time when they undertake morning or evening exercise. This study was conducted within a larger randomized controlled trial aimed at investigating the influence of time-of-day of exercise on cardiometabolic health (Brooker et al., 