D9-TMAO plasma concentrations
Unlabeled TMAO was measured with low plasma concentrations in all groups (D9-choline chloride: 0.19 (0.12/0.38) µmol/l; D9-GPC: 0.11 (0.05/0.23) µmol/l, phosphoryl-choline: 0.09 (0/0.5) µmol/l; POPC 0.24 (0.03/0.35) µmol/l). However, D9-TMAO was not detected at any time point following all four D9-labeled choline compounds.