Patients
intraoperative bleeding, allergies
HYPERTENSION, CHRONIC PHARYNGITIS, INTRAOPERATIVE BLEEDING, ALLERGIES
A total of 236 patients at the Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University were enrolled in the randomised trial. Twenty-five patients were excluded from this study, including 6 cases in Group C (difficult airway: 2 cases; patients with concurrent hypertension: 4 cases), 7 cases in Group L (difficult airway: 2 cases; preoperative chronic pharyngitis: 2 cases; allergies to compound lidocaine/prilocaine cream: 1 case; patients with concurrent hypertension: 2 cases), 7 cases in Group T (difficult airway: 3 cases; allergies to compound lidocaine/prilocaine cream: 1 case; patients with concurrent hypertension: 2 cases; operation time longer than 2.5 h: 1 case), and 5 cases in Group F (difficult airway: 1 case; operation time longer than 2.5 h: 1 case; intraoperative bleeding > 300 ml: 1 case; patients with concurrent hypertension: 2 cases). The study started on March 1, 2020 and ended on December 31, 2020. There were no significant differences in the baseline characteristics (such as age, weight, BMI, sex, smoking, operation time, anaesthesia time and BIS) of the patients among the groups (Table Patient characteristics