General characteristics analysis
Normality of continuous variables was assessed using the SW-test, PP-plot, and QQ-plot. Normally distributed variables were described using mean and standard deviation, while non-normally distributed variables were described using median and interquartile range. Categorical variables were described using frequency and percentage. Analysis of normally distributed continuous variables utilised the ANOVA test, while non-normally distributed variables were analysed using the Wilcoxon Rank Sum test. Categorical variables were analysed using the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate. The missing characteristic values of one patient, including age, drinking habits, and NUTRIC score, were imputed with the mean values.