Multilevel modeling
REGRESSION
The primary outcome was evaluated using multilevel analyses within Programme Package RNorman advocates an ANCOVA design in which correction is made for the baseline value and regression is performed on the outcome. This would also take into account the regression to the mean, since individuals with extreme values at the beginning of a study would tend to spontaneously converge to the mean of the respective sampleWe also calculated a longitudinal random intercepts model predicting cumulated defined daily doses (DDD) of PPI over time and using group membership as a predictor. We considered results with p values ≤ 0.05 to be significant. All analyses were performed with R version 4.0.2 and packages mice, broom.mixed, lme4, lmerTest, lmtest, mitml, emmeans, mosaic.