Background
heart failure, chronic disease
DISEASE, HEART FAILURE, HYPERTENSION, DISEASES, CHRONIC DISEASE
Noncommunicable diseases, such as hypertension, are increasingly prevalent among older adults [Although their usability and functionalities vary, mHealth apps share some common features such as real-time or regular health tracking, and up-to-date educational material for users to manage their physical and psychological health at home. A recent review of chronic disease management concluded that mHealth apps led to statistically significant improvements in self-efficacy and medication adherence in older adults [Nurses can complement mHealth apps and promote sustained app usage among older adults. Nurses are trained to provide individualized care that addresses the clinical conditions, personal life experiences, and preferences of individuals; to empower individuals to set health goals and self-monitor; to improve self-efficacy of individuals to perform and sustain healthy behaviors; and to act as a partner in improving the holistic well-being of the care recipient [In a recent study, an mHealth application with home visit support from a nurse was developed to promote disease self-management among patients with heart failure [Interactivity in mHealth is a 2-way communication approach that allows app users to connect with health care professionals when they felt urgency for health consultation and found difficulties in health behavior change while using apps [