Introduction
CKD, ESKD, diabetic nephropathy, kidney dysfunction, primary disease, nephrosclerosis
RENAL IMPAIRMENT, DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY, KIDNEY DYSFUNCTION, CHRONIC GLOMERULONEPHRITIS, END-STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE, NEPHROSCLEROSIS
Progressive kidney dysfunction leads to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), requiring dialysis or transplantation. The number of patients requiring dialysis in Japan continues to increase, exceeding 330,000A changing lifestyle and an aging population have dramatically altered each pathogenetic mechanism contributing to renal impairment. According to data from the Japanese population, diabetic nephropathy was the most common primary disease among patients requiring dialysis (39.0%), followed by chronic glomerulonephritis (27.8%), and nephrosclerosis (10.3%)Several studies have developed predictive scores for CKD, but they differ in the target population’s ethnicity and score complexity, determined by the number and classification of factors