Outcomes and statistical analysis
PCP
Outcomes assessed included AF screening uptake by patients (proportion completing screening at the encounter and patient level), results of single-lead ECGs, utilization of 12-lead ECGs on the same day of a primary care encounter, and survey-based PCP perceptions of AF screening. For patients with more than one screen, the most to least “abnormal” result was ranked “Possible AF”, “Unclassified”, “Normal” and “No Analysis.”Patients seen during the 1-year enrollment period were assigned to intervention or control groups based on the primary care practice where they were first seen. Analyses of encounters excluded visits by intervention patients to control practices (Patient and PCP characteristics were compared using chi-square tests, t-tests, and Wilcoxon tests as appropriate. The likelihood of being diagnosed with new AF at a primary care visit was compared between intervention and control practices using a Poisson model with the generalized estimating equation (GEE) approach to account for multiple visits from the same patient. Same-day order of 12-lead ECG tests was compared between intervention and control groups using a Poisson model with GEE to account for both provider and patient clustering. To determine the expected number of same-day 12-lead ECGs in the intervention group, we applied the control group utilization rate to intervention encounters. Clinician survey results were summarized with comparisons to clinicians’ responses in control practices using chi-square tests where applicable. Statistical significance was defined as a 2-tailed 