Introduction
functional deficits, NPS, cognitive impairment, inflammation, dementia, MCI, Alzheimer’s disease
INFLAMMATION, OXIDATIVE STRESS, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an impairment in one or more cognitive domains that is higher than expected for an individual’s age and level of education. However, it is not associated with functional deficits or severe enough to establish a diagnosis of dementiaAlthough the underlying pathophysiology of MCI is multifactorial, this clinical condition is considered a prodromal stage of dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD)A series of brain changes associated with aging leads to a decrease in the processes of adaptation and response, which can result in cognitive impairment and/or dementia. Although the causes of these changes vary, inflammation and oxidative stress explain a portion of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these abnormalities in brain functionsEGb 761 is a standardized extract of In two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials in patients with MCI, EGb 761 demonstrated superiority over placebo in terms of cognitive function improvement, with neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) showing a safety profile comparable to placebo in terms of the number and severity of adverse eventsRegarding changes in neuroinflammatory biomarkers in patients treated with EGb761, a study carried out by Spanish researchers on a population of 65 patients with MCI treated with EGb 761 at a dose of 240 mg/day and followed for 6 months reported a decrease in certain peripheral inflammatory markers (CRP, cystatin, and IL-6) that were elevated at baseline, accompanied by increased relative to baseline levels of antioxidant levels (GSH glutathione, glutathione rate, hemolyzed catalase, catalase protein, and superoxide dismutase)