Eligibility criteria
fever, congenital abnormalities, psychosis, infectious disease, neuro-muscular or skin disorders
INFECTIOUS DISEASE, PREMATURE, PHYSICAL DISABILITY
Premature newborns were included in the study if they were/had:
4–5 days old of ageGestational age between 32 and 36 weeksBirth body weight of 1500–2500 gThe Apgar score between 7 and 10The conditions to be safely taken out of the incubator (SpOThe premature newborns not entering the study if:
She/he had congenital abnormalities, neuro-muscular or skin disorders, a surgical wound on the chest, or had an umbilical vein catheterHer/him mother/maternal grandmother suffering from a physical disability, fever or infectious disease, wounds on the chest or abdomen, addiction, or mental problems such as psychosis or postpartum depressionThe premature newborn was excluded from the study if:
Her/him mother or maternal grandmother did not have a tendency to continue participating in the study, had physical or mental problems, or suffering from fever or infectious disease during KCThe newborn’s need for surgery, IV catheter, receive or exchange blood, SpO