Introduction
deaths, death
HEAT, DISEASE
Combustible cigarette (hereafter cigarette/s) smoking remains one of the leading causes of preventable disease and death worldwide, directly responsible for ~ 8 million global deaths each yearNVPs (also known as e-cigarettes and vapes), are battery operated devices that aerosolize liquids that usually contain a mixture of glycerol and propylene glycol, flavours, and nicotine. Evidence shows NVPs are less harmful to health than cigarette smoking since users are exposed to much lower levels of toxicants and carcinogensHTPs are an expanding category within the novel tobacco product marketplace. They differ from cigarettes in that they aim to heat rather than burn tobacco, and from NVPs, because they use tobacco rather than nicotine e-liquid to generate an aerosol. By heating tobacco instead of burning it, HTPs could substantially reduce the number of harmful substances that arise from burning tobacco according to research by the tobacco industry (i.e.,The extent to which these products will be used by cigarette smokers and contribute to harm reduction depends on several factors but at least partially on how effective they are in controlling craving and in providing cigarette-related withdrawal relief as well as general satisfaction. Acute NVP use appears to reduce the urge to smoke and withdrawal symptomsGiven these results and the potential harm reduction role of NVPs and HTPs, it is important to evaluate how NVPs and HTPs impact withdrawal symptoms related to cigarette smoking of cigarette smokers naïve to these products. Such evaluation could inform intervention design and public health messaging to promote cigarette smoking cessation and switching to potential harm-reducing nicotine delivery devices. In particular, there is limited independent research directly comparing acute use of NVPs versus HTPs on psychopharmacological outcomes in cigarette smokers naïve to either product