2.2. Participants and Ethics
low back pain
RECRUITMENT
A total of 40 participants (20 males, 20 females) between the ages of 20 and 50 who visited the Shinbaro Orthopedic Clinic in Seoul, Republic of Korea for low back pain were enrolled in the study. Study participant recruitment began in October 2019, and all the data were obtained between October 2019 and November 2019. Participants were voluntarily recruited through a clinic’s bulletin board. Participants were assessed for eligibility using inclusion [The study procedures were registered with the Clinical Research Information Service, affiliated with the World Health Organization’s International Clinical Trials Registry Platform in the Republic of Korea (No. KCT0005232). Prior to initiating the experiment, we obtained ethical approval from the Sahmyook University Ethics Committee (No. 2-7001793-AB-N012019086HR, 29 October 2019).