Materials and methods
Patients were enrolled among those undergoing thyroidectomy at the Surgery Unit of the Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, I.R.C.C.S. (Pavia, Italy), between February the 1Weight was measured on two different weight scales, which are periodically checked for their accuracy by an agency of standards, asking the participant to stand still in the center of the scale platform with light clothing with 10 cm gap between the heels, making sure the weight was equally distributed on both legs. Height was measured by means of a stadiometer on the individuals standing up tall, keeping their heels on the ground flat against the tool, and barefoot, to the nearest 0.1 cm [Enrolled patients were randomly assigned to receive a personalized pre-surgery diet counseling (GROUP A) or no intervention (GROUP B), according to a 1:2 ratio. All patients underwent endocrinological follow-up at baseline (within a week from surgery), 45 days and 12 months post-surgery in the Endocrinology Outpatient Clinic. Exclusion criteria during follow-up included: pregnancy, inter-current illnesses influencing body weight, and bariatric surgery.All subjects gave their informed consent to participate in the study, which was performed in accordance with the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki. This study was formally approved by the Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS Ethical Committee (Protocol number CE 737).