Participants
In this research, a non-randomized controlled experimental study design was adopted and the required sample size was calculated by software G*Power 2.1. Repeated measures analysis of variance statistic method was chosen to estimate the sample size. According to the research purpose and design, the effect size was 0.8, α was 0.05, power was 0.95, allocation ration was 1 and the total sample size was 84.From July 2022 to October 2022, a total of 84 clinical nurses from two hospitals were selected by convenience sampling method, the selected nurses in one hospital was the control group while the selected in the other hospital was the observation group, with 42 in each. The inclusion criteria for the clinical nurses were: having nursing qualifications, being engaged in clinical nursing work, signing informed consent form and voluntarily participating in the study. The exclusion criteria were: those who were nursing staff for internships, who were not on duty due to illness, personal affairs, maternity leave or business trips, and who may go out to study during the research period.