AMR
To evaluate the effect of different MDA frequencies on AMR, we will test 12 hypotheses:Among 4–14-month-old children, the prevalence of AZI-resistant Among 4–14-month-old children, the prevalence of AZI-resistant Among 4–14-month-old children, the prevalence of AZI-resistant Among 4–14-month-old children, the proportion of infants carrying AZI-resistant pneumococci in their nasopharynx or AZI-resistant Among 4–14-month-old children, the proportion of infants carrying azithromycin-resistant pneumococci in their nasopharynx or AZI-resistant Among 4–14-month-old children, the proportion of infants carrying AZI-resistant pneumococci in their nasopharynx or AZI resistant We will also investigate older children (49–59 months old) for reference:Among children who are 49–59 month olds at the end of the trial, and who live in villages where MDA has been given to 1–11-month infants, but who have themselves not received any MDA, the proportion carrying AZI-resistant pneumococci in their nasopharynx after eight MDA rounds have been completed in the previous 2 years is not higher in villages that receive two- or four-dose AZI regimen than in villages that receive respective placebo regimen during the same time frame.