Participants
PWH
PWH were aged 18–65 years and on ART for at least 18 months, with plasma HIV-1 RNA <50 copies per milliliter for at least 15 months and a CD4 T cell count >500 cells per mmThe sample size calculation was based on the primary endpoint: time to viral rebound during ATI. Time from stopping ART to loss of virological control was compared in the four randomization groups. If loss of virological control occurred, the date of the last measurement of plasma HIV-1 RNA ≥1,000 copies per milliliter or confirmed >100,000 copies per milliliter was defined as ‘date of viral rebound’. Using a two-sample comparison of means with an s.d. of 11 d