Variables and measures
The outcome of interest, quality of intrapartum care, was assessed using twelve quality indicators(QIs) selected from the WHO recommendations for positive childbirth experience [
Distribution of the study population by characteristics and study periods Ten QIs that involved all the respondents were aggregated to generate a single index of the quality of intrapartum care. A higher score indicates better quality of care. Two QIs (satisfaction with care during labour and prompt repair of episiotomy) were excluded from the aggregation because they were questions for a sub-group of the respondents.