4.2. Study Population
The study enrolled hospitalized patients of all genders, ranging in age from 18 to 90 years, following comprehensive disclosure of study particulars and obtaining their signed informed consent forms. The research adhered to the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.In this study, a comprehensive assessment was conducted on a total of 430 patients to determine their eligibility. Following the application of exclusion criteria, 55 patients were selected for randomization, with 49 ultimately included in the final analysis. Among these, 24 were assigned to the intervention group and 25 were allocated to the control group, as illustrated in 