Statistical analysis
Descriptive statistics were used to summarize patient characteristics for each group. Continuous variables were reported as median with interquartile range (IQR) and categorical variables were reported as proportions. Vasopressors were converted to norepinephrine equivalent dose according to previously published conversion tables [The primary outcome was analyzed using a As a sensitivity analysis, we built linear mixed models with time as random effect to study the interaction with group allocation for cumulative urinary output, norepinephrine equivalent dose, serum sodium, serum creatinine, serum lactate and SOFA. For these variables, the evolution within the first 24 h was expressed graphically as change from baseline. Statistical significance was defined as a To assess serum biomarker changes over time for the two treatment groups, we fitted linear mixed models including fixed effects for time and treatment group as well as random effect for the intercept and treatment group nested within the time variable. The random effect structure was specified using a diagonal covariance matrix. To accommodate the nonlinear relationship for serum sodium ascorbate, we transformed the variable using a natural logarithm transformation. The model assumptions, including linearity and normality of residuals, were checked using diagnostic plots.The statistical analysis was performed using R software version 4.2.2 (R foundation, Vienna, Austria).