TTNS intervention
Continence
Participants received an electrical stimulation programme comprising 12 sessions of 30 minutes’ duration each. Delivered twice weekly over 6 weeks using a portable machine (Neurotrac Continence™), two surface electrodes were applied to the ankle to electrically stimulate the tibial nerve. Delivery of each session required one care home staff member to attach and set up the machine, and remove it once treatment was complete. Continual presence of staff members was not required during the stimulation session. Each staff member received a specific package of training to deliver TTNS, including a handbook and DVD and ongoing support by an Implementation Support Facilitator, if needed.