Statistical analysis
death
All the patients were randomly assigned to the training and validation cohorts using a ratio of 7:3. The primary outcome measures for this study were early all-cause and cancer-specific early death within 3 months of diagnosis [The performance of the nomogram in the training and validation cohorts was evaluated as follows. The concordance index (C-index) was used to evaluate the nomogram's predictive performance, and a calibration curve with a 1000-times bootstrapping was plotted to evaluate the consistency between the actual and predicted probabilities. The area under the curve (AUC) with the 95% confidence interval (CI) of a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was calculated to evaluate the discrimination ability of the nomogram. An area under the roc curve (AUC) value above 0.7 was considered to have good predictive capabilities [