Introduction
weight loss
INSULIN SENSITIVITY
The maintenance of energy homeostasis in postprandial and postabsorptive periods requires different metabolic processes to be activated either to store excess energy from food intake or to mobilize stored substrates. This dynamic shift between negative and positive energy balance with a transfer of molecules between tissues and regulation of metabolic pathways, is to a large extent coordinated by the dynamic interplay between different hormones such as insulin, glucagon, cortisol, and incretins. The sensitivity of tissues to insulin is very important for regulating the metabolism of carbohydrates, fatty acids, and amino acids. Insulin-dependent regulation of metabolism involves multiple organs, signaling pathways, and metabolites derived from all 3 macronutrients [Although insulin sensitivity has become a marker of overall metabolic health, it does not describe how the metabolic networks respond to particular cues. To achieve homeostasis, physiology maintains a well-orchestrated machinery allowing the organism to adapt to the continuously changing environment, in which food plays a major role [The NutriTech project aimed to integrate emerging and established technologies to develop a deeper understanding of phenotypic flexibility. In this study, we used a weight loss intervention coupled with a healthy diet in an overweight cohort—an established methodology that has been shown to have a positive effect on insulin sensitivity and phenotypic flexibility [