Introduction
abnormal pain, hyperalgesia, pain, tourniquet pain, multimodal pain
Knee pain is very common and ambulatory knee arthroscopic surgery has increased significantlyUsing a tourniquet for the affected limb is an important step in the preoperative preparation for knee arthroscopic surgery under general anaesthesia. Surgeons place the tourniquet cuff at the root of the thigh, raise the affected limb, block the blood flow with an elastic bandage, then inflate the tourniquetTH, also called ‘tourniquet pain’, occurs when 30–60 min after the tourniquet is inflated under general anaesthesia, the patient may have increased systolic or diastolic blood pressure (SBP or DBP), accompanied by an increase in heart rate (HR), which will continue until the tourniquet deflates. TH is considered to have occurred when the SBP or DBP is ≥ 30 per cent higher than the baseline (1–2 min after tourniquet inflation or skin incision)Lidocaine is an amino amide-type local anaesthetic. In recent years, randomized reports have shown that perioperative intravenous lidocaine (IVL), as part of multimodal pain treatment, has antiarrhythmia effects, significantly reduces spontaneous pain, abnormal pain or hyperalgesia, reduces pain and opioid demand within 24 h after surgery, improves rehabilitation and shortens the duration of hospital stay