Patients
We screened 168 inpatients (all of them are Chinese Han population) with suspected PA who were admitted to Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from July 2021 to September 2022. A total of 150 patients diagnosed with PA by saline infusion test (SIT) were initially evaluated for study inclusion. According to adrenal computed tomography (CT) and adrenal venous sampling (AVS), we identified 81 UPA, 56 IHA, and 13 unclassifiable PA cases. None of the patients had restricted their sodium intake before definitive subtype diagnosis. We conducted a dietary intervention on 52/56 IHA cases, as four patients refused to participate in the trial. Two patients withdrew from the trial during its run-in period (one with serum potassium <2.8 mmol/L and another who could not tolerate the dietary arrangement). A total of 50 IHA patients were randomly assigned to either a low sodium group or a normal sodium diet group (25 per group) and completed the dietary intervention trial (Flow chart of the study.