References
knee flexion ROM, pain, ColEx, extensors, knee flexion
RECRUITMENT
Patient recruitment and study design flowchart. * collagen + exercise ** collagen *** exercise.Changes in the range of motion (ROM) of knee flexion among the three treatment groups (collagen + exercise—ColEx, collagen—Col, and exercise—Ex) at different time intervals (4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks) during the study period.((Within-group difference comparison of pain outcomes using the VAS scale and KOOS—functional outcomes among the three groups over time, i.e., baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks, along with corresponding Within-group difference comparison of outcomes of knee flexion ROM and muscle strength of knee flexors and extensors among the three groups over time, i.e., baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks, along with corresponding Analyses of the between-group analysis.* 