Conclusion
cognitive decline
This is the first prospective study to directly compare the effects of different training frequencies of combined physical and cognitive training on cognitive function for older adults with cognitive decline. Our study indicated that combined physical and cognitive training at different training frequencies may benefit different cognitive functions in older adults with cognitive decline. High-frequency training may lead to greater improvements in short-term memory and executive function, whereas low-frequency training may be more effective for improving long-term memory. These findings may assist clinical practitioners in choosing appropriate training frequencies based on various intervention purposes for the elderly with cognitive decline.