Introduction
debilitating disorder, PTSD, PSTD, stress disorder
DISORDER, CORTEX
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PSTD) is a debilitating disorder with a high lifetime prevalence worldwide [With its neurobiology extensively studied in rodents and humans, although far from perfectly understood, PTSD fear responses are considered to be one of the better understood neural mechanisms underlying the disorder. Neuroimaging studies in PTSD have highlighted neuroplastic changes in brain structures including the prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus, thalamus, and amygdala [In recent decades, there has been encouraging progress in developing real-time fMRI neurofeedback training as an intervention for treating mental illnesses including PTSD. A number of these studies have focused on normalizing amygdala activity with the goal of enhancing emotion regulation [