Results
bad’, thirst’, thirst, Thirst
COLD
Sixteen healthy participants (eight males) were recruited between February and April 2021. Age 22 (1) years and BMI 22.7 (22.0–24.2) kg·mCore temperature did not differ between visits at baseline (Mean (SD): (A) core temperature; (B) heart rate; (C) temperature sensation VAS; and (D) thermal pleasantness VAS on the PPE visit (black symbols) and the control visit (white symbols). Temperature sensation VAS anchors are: ‘very cold’ (0 mm) and ‘very hot’ (100 mm). Thermal pleasantness VAS anchors are: ‘very unpleasant’ (0 mm) and ‘very pleasant’ (100 mm). Baseline values are displayed at 0 min and the exercise period is denoted by the shaded areas. Difference to the baseline value is indicated by *Body weight decreased following exercise on both visits (Mean (SD): (A) weight change from baseline; (B) urine specific gravity; (C) sweat VAS; and (D) thirst VAS on the PPE visit (black symbols) and the control visit (white symbols). Sweat VAS anchors are: ‘no sweat’ (0 mm) and ‘soaked and dripping with sweat’ (100 mm). Thirst VAS anchors are: no thirst” (0 mm) and ‘worst possible thirst’ (100 mm). Baseline values are displayed at 0 min and the exercise period is denoted by the shaded areas. Difference to the baseline value is indicated by *Participants felt less alert and less content pre- and post-exercise on the PPE visit than on the control visit (Mean (SD): (A) alertness VAS; (B) contentment VAS; and (C) calmness VAS on the PPE visit (black symbols) and the control visit (white symbols). The exercise period is denoted by the shaded areas. Difference to the baseline value is indicated by **Mean (SD): (A) left; and (B) right-hand grip strength (relative to baseline) on the PPE visit (black symbols) and the control visit (white symbols). The exercise period is denoted by the shaded areas. Difference to the baseline value is indicated by ***Mean (SD): (A) intubation task time; (B) intubation task score; (C) intubation task perceived effort VAS; and (D) intubation task perceived quality VAS on the PPE visit (black symbols) and the control visit (white symbols). Effort VAS anchors are: ‘very easy’ (0 mm) and ‘very difficult’ (100 mm). Quality VAS anchors are: ‘very bad’ (0 mm) and ‘very good’ (100 mm). The exercise period is denoted by the shaded areas. Difference to the baseline value is indicated by *