Statistical analysis
The primary endpoint was the difference in change from baseline to 1 month in VAS scores between the treatment and control groups. With the usage of PASS software, we calculated that per group would include at least 34 participants (90% power, 5% type 1 error rate, 1.24 standard deviation, a change of 1 point on VAS score). We used SAS software version 9.4 to conduct the statistical data analysis. Mixed effects modeling was used to analyze repeated measures (VAS scores and vertebral height ratio). The Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test was used for categorical variables. Continuous data were tested for normality using the Shapiro–Wilk test. For data matching normal distribution, a two-sample t test was used to detect statistical differences between groups. The Mann–Whitney U test was used for continuous variables with non-normal distribution. The differences between groups were presented with 95% confidence intervals. A 