Mastoidectomy drilling procedure
SCHMIDT
All participants performed a mastoidectomy on 3D-printed temporal bone models (Temporal Bone Patient “Schmidt”, Phacon, USA, Atlanta) using a surgical microscope (Zeiss Omni Pico), a surgical high-speed drill with irrigation and a suction tool (Image Task 1: Identify the correct starting position from the landmarks on the surface of the temporal bone and drill away enough mastoid air cells to reveal dura lamel.Task 2: Identify the sigmoid sinus and the sinodural angle. Clear the air cells over the dura lamel, the sigmoid sinus and the sinodural angle.Task 3: Continue removal of the aircells to find the antrum.Task 4: Locate the lateral semicircular canal and the corpus of the incus.Task 5: Thin the posterior canal wall sufficiently.Task 6: Locate the facial nerve and finish the mastoidectomy by removing any leftover air cells.Left image: mastoidectomy drilling setup with a 3D-printed temporal bone model, a surgical microscope attached to an external screen, a surgical drill, and a suction tool. Right image: a microscopic view of a mastoidectomy in a 3D printer temporal bone. The yellow line represents the approximated location of the facial nerve under the bone. 