Changes in microbial composition depending on antibiotic selection methodology and antibiotic treatment
On average, 112,000 16S rRNA reads/sample were sequenced, from which 47,600 reads/sample were annotated at the species level. Using the minimum number of reads annotated to the species level in a sample (22,900 reads), rarefaction analyses were performed, and the curves flattened after 20,000 sequences, showing that bacterial diversity was fully covered.Chao1 richness index analysis showed that there were no significant differences in the estimated number of bacterial species between both groups before treatment (BT_hybridization vs. BT_RT-Culture) nor after treatment (AT-hybridization vs. AT-RT-Culture). On the other hand, a statistically significant reduction in the number of bacterial species after treatment was observed in the group treated with the antibiotic selected by the impedance system (Comparison of microbial composition under different antibiotic selection methodologies. Further, we compared whether bacterial richness and composition depended on the antibiotic used. The Chao1 index showed a notable decrease in bacterial richness after treatment with all antibiotics or their combination. However, this decrease was not statistically significant, except in the case of azithromycin (Effect of different systemic antibiotic treatments in microbial composition 