Surgical technique
Floppy
All patients were operated on by the same surgeon using one of two different procedures. The following surgical steps were followed for the laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication:Exposure of the gastrohepatic ligament; dissection of the hiatus; exposure of the gastrosplenic ligament and dissection of the fundus; closure of the crura; fundoplication.The laparoscopic Nissen–Rossetti fundoplication, in turn, included fundoplication without exposure of the gastrosplenic ligament. The abdomen was accessed using 5-mm trocars, as previously described. After the crura were adequately identified, an opening was created posterior to the esophagus, allowing an easy pass for the fundus.For the Floppy–Nissen procedure, the mobilization of the fundus was achieved 