Statistical analysis
T2DM
Sample size was calculated based on the study of Akelbrom A et al., which explored the effect of dapagliflozin on GLS in patients with T2DM [Baseline characteristics are shown as means ± standard deviation (SD) for continuous variables and percentages for categorical variables. Within-group changes from baseline were examined by paired t-test. We used analysis of variance (ANOVA) to assess the between-group comparisons. Correlations were evaluated by Pearson’s correlation test for parametric variables and Spearman’s correlation test for nonparametric variables. One participant in the pioglitazone group and two in the empagliflozin group withdrew during the treatment period. Analysis of the data was by intention to treat (ITT) method. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The analyses were done using SPSS software version 25.0.