Overview
Eligible participants completed a baseline questionnaire on a tablet with assistance from field investigators and were then randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. The control group received a standard case management service, including a 20-minute education session before initiating ART and 4 hospital visits at months 1, 2, 3, and 6 for prescription refill, physical assessment, and meeting with case managers. Case managers would discuss the appointment schedule with each participant individually, and patients can reach case managers via phone calls during office hours to consult treatment-related concerns and questions or rearrange the appointment. The intervention group received the above standard service plus the app-based intervention, which consisted of the following 4 components, including web-based communication with case managers, educational articles delivery, supportive service information retrieval, and hospital visit reminders. The details of each intervention component are described in subsequent sections.