Materials and methods
nerve block
This randomized controlled trial received approval from the Medical Ethics Committee of the First Central Hospital of Baoding ([2021] 181), and written informed consent was obtained from all subjects. The trial was registered prior to patient enrollment at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2200055493; registration date: January 10, 2022; enrollment date: January 18, 2022; Patients were randomly assigned to either the IPB group or the FNB group in a 1:1 ratio, based on a computer-generated randomization sequence. Random allocation was executed using a sealed envelope containing a numbered card, which was not opened until the nerve block was implemented. Except for the nerve block team, which included a senior anesthesiologist and an anesthesia nurse, all other participants (junior anesthesiologists participating in assessment, nurses on the floor, surgeons and patients) were blinded to the randomization.