Recruitment of participants
RECRUITMENT
A recruitment notice was posted on the online bulletin board for students taking dental radiology in the 2nd year of the Department of Dental Hygiene at Samhyook University in 2021. Students who voluntarily wanted to participate were recruited for 1 week. The notification specifies that the participants’ academic grade was unaffected. The current study provided no financial benefit for participation. In total, 47 voluntary participants were recruited. An online informed consent was obtained from all the participants. Two participants with experience learning DR were excluded. Then, 45 participants were randomly classified into two groups, i.e., control (n = 23) and experimental (n = 22) groups (see Fig. 