Subjects and study design
cardiac pathologies
A total of 62 voluntary, healthy women, aged 40.5 ± 9.60 (mean age ± standard deviation, SD, within a range 23–64 years) were enrolled in the study after informed consent. Negative criteria for inclusion in the study were a history of pacemaker, serious cardiac pathologies, pregnancy, and lactation. The group was divided into two cohorts: the first (named SINGLE group, All the subjects received the RF treatment on the whole skin surface of the face for 20 min. Some of the subjects had been using topical support treatment (anti‐age sera, hyaluronic acid, night or day cream) in the previous 6 months, thus the previous use of these treatments was considered in the model by a score ranging from 0 (no treatments) to 4 (all of the treatments).In both groups, skin quality analysis was tested immediately before and 1 h after the last treatment, monitoring by means of a suitable instrument some parameters such as hydration, elasticity, and sebum levels.