Results
Fifty-three (N = 53; 27 Female) young healthy adult participants aged 23.43 ± 2.96 years (Mean ± SD) were recruited from the University College Cork medical student population. All participants were naïve to laparoscopic skills training. After exclusions (see Methods below) 49 participants (N = 49; 22 Male) were brought forward for data processing and analysis. Independent sample t-tests revealed no significant differences between male and female participants for any performance metric in both the bead transfer and threading tasks (Supplementary File 