Baseline characteristics.
MaleFemaleAmsterdam UMCKarolinska University HospitalKlinik Hirslanden ZürichUniversitätsspital ZürichStadtspital Zürich1234IatrogenicBoerhaave syndromeGlass ingestionShot woundCervicalThoracicSmall (< 10 mm)Intermediate (10–19 mm)Large (≥ 20 mm)IQR, interquartile range; UMC, University Medical Centers; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists.The defect size was not documented in two patients.