Endpoint
inflammation, death, rectosigmoid cancer, pain
INFLAMMATION, SECONDARY, RECURRENCE
The primary endpoint of this trial was 3-year DFS. The DFS defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of first confirmed recurrence or death from rectosigmoid cancer. The secondary endpoints were 5-year OS, early morbidity, operative outcomes, pathological outcomes, postoperative inflammation and immune response, postoperative recovery, pain intensity, and cosmetic results. The OS will be calculated from the date of randomization to the date of death from any cause.