Resistance training (RT)
Torsion
TORSION
All subjects performed resistance training three times a week to strengthen their upper limbs, back, abdomen, and legs, respectively, using a pneumatic resistance training machine including Abs/Abduction 3520-HI5, Push-up/Pulldown 3120, Ab/Back 5310, Torsion Rehab 5340, Leg Extension/Curl 3530, and Leg Press 5540 (AB Hur Oy, Kokkola, Finland). Before beginning training, all subjects evaluated their own 3RM and calculated their 1RM according to the coefficient formula in previous literature, which was used as the standard for setting subsequent resistance training intensity (