Results
GDM
GDM, GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS

Characteristics of study participants according to study groups.

Comparing GDM with Non-GDM;Values are presented in Mean (SD) and Number (percentage) as appropriate;Bold values indicate statistical significance;BMI, Body mass index, GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus.*Intervention group: those who had FPG values range 5.1-5.6 mmol/l in the first trimester of gestation and received treatment for GDM along with usual prenatal care (n=1,198),**Control group: those who had FPG values range 5.1-5.6 mmol/l in the first trimester of gestation and received usual-prenatal-care (n=2,099).The prevalence and Risk ratio (95% CI) of maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women based on their GDM treatment status in the first of pregnancy are presented in Prevalence and Risk ratio and 95% confidence interval of adverse pregnancy outcomes in participants based on study groups§.Bold values indicate statistical significance, Significance level was set as 0.025 for considering multiple comparisons.GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; NICU, neonatal intensive care unit; CI, confidence interval.*Significance level was set as 0.05.**Significance level was set as 0.025 considering multiple comparisons.
§Intervention group: those who had FPG values range 5.1-5.6 mmol/l in the first trimester of gestation and received treatment for GDM along with usual prenatal care, Control group: those who had FPG values range 5.1-5.6 mmol/l in the first trimester of gestation and received usual-prenatal-care.Reference group is control group.Adjusted risk ratio plot for pregnancy outcomes comparing intervention group and controls.The prevalence and Risk ratio (95% CI) of maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with first trimester treated GDM in intervention group (n=1198) compared to those subgroup of control group who developed GDM in the second trimester (n=374) are presented in 