Measures
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SECONDARY
Outcome variables were measured at baseline and endline. An ASF frequency questionnaire was used to measure children’s consumption of milk and other ASFs during the last 7 days, which were considered the main outcome variables. Fathers reported the number of times their child ate each type of ASF in the last 7 days in four categories (zero, one, two to four, or five or more times), which were dichotomized for the analysis (1 = consumed two or more times in last week, 0 = consumed fewer than two times in last week). Consumption of milk and other frequently consumed ASFs (fish, eggs, beef) were calculated as separate outcome variables, and a combined ASF consumption variable was created for all ASFs (cow milk, cow meat (beef), cow organs, goat meat, goat organs, sheep meat, sheep organs, pig meat, chicken meat, eggs, and fish), including those that were less frequently consumed. For each type of ASF consumed by children in the last 7 days, fathers were asked its source, whether the ASF was purchased, from own production, or a gift.Fathers’ knowledge, awareness, and support for ASF consumption and household decision-making variables were considered secondary outcomes. Knowledge and support questions were asked without providing response options, whereas awareness was measured by asking if the father had ever heard the key messages. Knowledge questions were asked before awareness questions. Fathers’ knowledge was measured using four questions, which were dichotomized (1 = correct response, 0 = incorrect response) and summed to give a knowledge score ranging from 0 to 4. Awareness was measured using three questions, which were summed to give an awareness score ranging from 0 to 3. Fathers’ support for their children’s milk consumption and for their children’s other ASF consumption each contained four types of support, which were summed for milk and other ASFs separately and then dichotomized (1 = two or more supportive actions, 0 = one supportive action) for analysis. Decision-making about the use of home-produced milk was dichotomized (1 = decision-making done jointly by husband and wife, 0 = decision-making not done jointly) for the analysis. Socioeconomic characteristics, including number of household members, number of children < 5 years in the household, fathers’ age, fathers’ years of education, fathers’ main occupation, and marital status, were measured at baseline. Fathers’ exposure to different components of the intervention was measured at endline.