Introduction
nAMD
Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapies, which include intravitreal aflibercept (IVT-AFL) and ranibizumab, are the standard of care for the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) [Visual acuity gains achieved with anti-VEGF therapies in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are not always realized in real-world clinical settings [The focus of most real-world studies of nAMD has been on ranibizumab (because of its earlier European approval in 2007) [RAINBOW (NCT02279537) was a multicenter observational study evaluating the effectiveness, treatment patterns, and safety of IVT-AFL in treatment-naïve patients with nAMD in routine clinical practice in France over a period of 4 years. The RAINBOW 1-year [Briefly, by month 12 in RAINBOW, the overall mean change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from baseline was + 5.0 letters (+ 7.1 in the regular cohort, + 5.6 in the irregular cohort with 3 initial monthly injections, and − 1.1 in the irregular cohort without 3 initial monthly injections) [