Statistical analysis
depression, deaths, death
DISEASE, DELETION
Crude mortality rates per 100 person years (CMR) were calculated based upon person-time between study enrollment and either the date of death or last follow-up visit. For time-varying covariates, the amount of person time in each category was determined based on the covariate value at the end of each follow-up interval. Exact confidence intervals for crude mortality rates were calculated using the Poisson distribution.Standardized mortality ratios (SMR) were calculated as the observed number of deaths in each subgroup divided by the number of deaths that would be expected during the registered person-time. The mean annual numbers of expected deaths were calculated using the data from the Global Burden of Disease Study, and computed separately for males and females, each 5-year age category, and each country [We used Cox proportional hazard models to analyze predictors of mortality. Unadjusted models included each variable of interest on its own, and adjusted models included the variable of interest in addition to age, gender, site, and study arm. Multivariable models included at the first step all variables significant in the adjusted cox models with a conservative cutoff point of 0.1 and then stepwise deletion was used to remove non-significant variables from the final models. All covariates collected after baseline (e.g. ART use, CD4, viral load, OAT, depression, substance use, stigma) were analyzed as time-varying covariates in the model. Missing data in the longitudinal sequence was imputed from either the most recent visit with non-missing data (for categorical variables), or the mean value between the previous and following visits (continuous variables). Analyses were performed using SAS Version 9.4.Due to substantial differences in mortality rates and causes between HIV-positive indexes and HIV-negative partners, the two groups were analyzed separately.This trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02935296, on 17/10/2016. The study protocol is available at 