Gynecological investigation and sample collection
FGS
After insertion of a disposable plastic speculum, the gynecological examination was performed in three steps: (i) cervicovaginal lavage (CVL); (ii) visual inspection; and (iii) image capture. Inspection of the mucosal surfaces was performed with the colposcope based on an adapted protocol from Singer and Monaghan [All images were reviewed within twelve hours by an experienced gynaecologist. All women suspected of any gynaecological condition different from FGS were invited to the university hospital of Mahajanga for further investigations. Standard treatment for FGS (single dose of PZQ 40 mg/kg) was offered free of charge for all diagnosed pathologies.