Dental implant surgery
INFILTRATION
One week before surgery, all patients received an explanation about the dental implant procedure, which lasted for 20 min. Implant placement was performed under infiltration local anesthesia (4% articaine with 1:100,000 adrenaline). All patients received only one carpule of the anesthetic solution immediately at the beginning of the procedure. This amount was sufficient for all patients and no further anesthesia was needed. Surgeries were performed according to the standard single implant placement guidelines