Patients were excluded from the study if they met any of the following criteria
impaired consciousness, bleeding, arrhythmia, Guillain, Barré syndrome, long-term physical dysfunction, brain injury, cognitive dysfunction, VTE, venous thromboembolism
PULMONARY EMBOLISM, BLEEDING, MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, ARRHYTHMIA, DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS (DVT), RUPTURED THORACIC AORTIC ANEURYSM, OBSTRUCTIVE HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY, MYASTHENIA GRAVIS, ASTHMA, SEVERE PULMONARY HYPERTENSION
(1) incapable of doing the early activity or rehabilitation exercises, such as being in the acute phase of myocardial infarction, having a ruptured thoracic aortic aneurysm, or obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, uncontrolled lethal arrhythmia, pulmonary embolism, acute phase of asthma, severe pulmonary hypertension, myasthenia gravis, Guillain–Barré syndrome, recent deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or venous thromboembolism (VTE), active uncontrolled bleeding, restriction of activity during hospitalisation due to medical condition and other factors; (2) acute phase of brain injury and possible long-term physical dysfunction and impaired consciousness; cognitive dysfunction or mental impairment; (3) contraindication to enteral nutrition or the need for prolonged fasting; (4) inability to achieve muscle strength level 3 during ICU hospitalisation; (5) during femoral arterial cannulation.