Introduction
PTD, vaginal dysbiosis
PRETERM DELIVERY
Despite progress in perinatology, prevention of preterm delivery (PTD) is still a leading problem in obstetricsCurrently, there is insufficient evidence on the natural history of intermediate vaginal microbiota to determine its prognosisWe have observed a correlation between intermediate microbiota detected in first trimester of pregnancy and PTD. As we previously reported, intermediate microbiota was identified based on the observation of Gram-stained smears in 6.3% of the women screenedWe conducted a trial to evaluate the effects of treating women with vaginal dysbiosis, an intermediate vaginal microbiota during the first trimester of pregnancy, using vaginally applied lactobacilli to restore the normal microbiota and reduce the rate of PTD.