2.3. Data Collection and Follow-Up
diabetes
HYPERTENSION, CARDIOPULMONARY DISEASE, DIABETES
Baseline data were collected for all patients recruited in this study, including gender, age, education, comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, and cardiopulmonary disease), drinking, and smoking. All patients received a 4-month follow-up after surgery, including telephone follow-up every 2 weeks and unscheduled hospital admissions.