Study design
This cross-sectional study employed data drawn from surveys conducted in the pre-implementation phase of the CombinADO trial between September and December 2021. The study was designed to collect both quantitative data (surveys) and qualitative data (IDIs). Prior to the pre-implementation survey, participants were invited to a two-day workshop with the objective of sensitizing stakeholders at the various research sites to the study's goals and introducing them to the study materials. As part of the awareness-raising efforts, the study team 1) conducted information session on health services needs for AYHIV 2) presented the CombinADO study, 3) shared information about Phase 1 (i.e., participatory development phase of intervention packages), and 4) provided plans for Phase 2 implementation in the 12 study sites to both stakeholders representing both control and intervention sites as identified by study site leaders on day 1 of the workshop. During the same session, the study team introduced the study materials that were planned for implementation uniformly in both the control and intervention sites. This was supplemented with role play for the materials, and the session lasted the entire day (~ 8 h). Only stakeholders from the intervention sites were invited to another session (~ 4 h) on day 2 of the program for further introduction of the other six materials to complete presentations of the intervention package. This session did not cover any more information other than the introduction of material, to ensure that stakeholders from both the control and intervention sites got equal and relevant information about the study prior to evaluating stakeholder views. On both days of the workshop, the sessions were led by the same trainer.