study design and patients
PTB, pulmonary fungal coinfection
REGRESSION
A retrospective case–control study was designed and conducted to identify the clinical characteristics of PTB patients with pulmonary fungal coinfection and develop a corresponding prediction model. First, we retrospectively retrieved data from 1151 PTB patients who had received treatment in Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, from 2016.12.6–2021.12.6 (including 145 patients with pulmonary fungal coinfection who were assigned to the case group) using the electronic medical record system. Next, we randomly selected 450 PTB patients without pulmonary fungal coinfection as the control group. The two groups of patients (case:control) were matched by sex and address characteristics in a ratio of 1:1. Finally, 143 patients each (2 case subjects were excluded as they could not be matched) in the case group and control group were included. Subsequently, these 286 patients were randomly divided into a training set and an internal validation set in a ratio of 3:1. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed in the training set to evaluate the probability of pulmonary fungal coinfection in PTB patients and construct a prediction model. A nomogram was developed using selected predictors. Bootstrapping was performed for internal validation. (Fig. Study flow chart of patients selection