Serum cytokine levels
To evaluate serum cytokine responses to the vaccines in the two treatment arms, levels of 11 cytokines that were specified a priori (based on association with in vivo NKT cell responses in earlier trials) were compared using multiplex immunoassays. Median cytokine levels based on fluorescence intensity are provided in Supplementary Table 3, and changes over time for each patient are presented as heatmaps in Supplementary Fig. 4. The comparisons of the AUCs of the median fluorescence intensity (after subtraction of background fluorescence) are shown in Table 