LIMITATIONS
DISEASE, EVENT
There are several limitations to this study. First, our analysis describes experiences from a very specific period of COVID-19 and may not be generalizable to subsequent waves or variants. Second, we surveyed only women who decided to attend CBPGs, during which they received health education, which often highlighted the importance of COVID-19 guidelines. This may skew responses toward adherence. Alternatively, sampling only those who chose to attend a community event, may result in a sample of individuals who perceive lower risk of contracting disease or may feel less risk averse. Other community members including women who may be eligible for the CBPGs but decide not to attend due to high perceived risk, men, and others outside parent study participation criteria may have different behaviors and perceptions. Third, self-reported responses may be subject to desirability bias. Questionnaires were administered by volunteers with whom women have developed a relationship. Similarly, perceptions of other gathering attendees are subjective: Caregivers were not trained on estimating numbers of other attendees, and we do not have observations to confirm behaviors or opinions. Fourth, we did not ask about social distancing, handwashing behaviors, or whether masks were worn snugly over the nose and mouth. We added these questions to later rounds of our instruments and may present them in future analyses. Fifth, due to the nature of the parent intervention, we do not have demographic information for all questionnaire respondents. Sixth, our study was conducted in rural areas of Zambia and may not be generalized to urban areas or other countries. Further, trends cannot necessarily be generalized to districts or regions within Zambia, as illustrated by the differences between Southern and Eastern Provinces.