2.1. Participants
RECRUITMENT
We recruited research collaborators by distributing materials to administrative agencies, community centers, etc., with local city and town governments’ cooperation. A recruitment briefing session was held at the local Federation of Senior Citizen Clubs. Advertisements for participants were inserted in local newspapers. We accepted participation applications by mail and telephone for seven days. Participants were required to: (1) hold a regular driver’s license, (2) drive a car daily, and (3) have recent driving concerns. The age criterion was 65 years or older due to the study’s focus on older adults. Health-wise, participants needed no doctor-diagnosed exercise contraindications and independent access to the health class venue. Since we require that participants hold a driver’s license, we determined that they retain vision, hearing, and other physical functions that do not impair their driving ability. However, these criteria are essential to this study. Therefore, individual interviews were conducted by public health nurses to confirm general health status, including the above.