1. Introduction
AIDS, inflammation, comorbidity
INFLAMMATION, AIDS
These authors contributed equally to this work.Dolutegravir (DTG) based dual therapies for treating PLWHIV are a standard of care nowadays. Switching to DTG and lamivudine (3TC) safety and efficacy were proven in TANGO randomized clinical trial. This multicenter retrospective study included 1032 HIV virologically suppressed patients switching to DTG+3TC from 13 Spanish hospitals. DTG+3TC provided high rates of undetectable viral load over 96%, corresponding to 96.6% (889/921) at 24 weeks, 97.5% (743/763) at 48 weeks, and 98.3% (417/425) at 96 weeks. No significant differences are evident when comparing the total population according to sex, presence of comorbidity, or presence of AIDS. The analysis for paired data showed an increase in CD4+ cell count. A statistically significant increase in CD4+ lymphocyte count was found in those without comorbidities in the three-time series analyzed [average increase at 24 weeks: 48.7 (SD: 215.3) vs. 25.8 (SD: 215.5), For the last 25 years, antiretroviral therapy (ART) for treating people living with HIV (PLWHIV) has stood on three-drug regimens (3-DR). They, most commonly, were designed as a backbone of two nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) with a third agent, either a retroviral protease inhibitor (PI), a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI), or more recently, an integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) [An initial breakthrough was made by several trials that combined lamivudine (3TC) with different PI [Although DTG plus 3TC has proved its non-inferiority in terms of virological suppression and its durability as a treatment strategy, data regarding its impact on immune activation and inflammation are lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to collect real-life data in a multicenter cohort of PLWHIV treated with DTG plus 3TC as a switch strategy, not only in terms of virological suppression, safety, and durability, but also in terms of its immunological impact through the evolution of the CD4/CD8 ratio in these patients, a marker considered to be a surrogate marker of immune activation and systemic inflammation [