Background
malaria, infection, deaths, malaria infection
MALARIA, INFECTION, PVC
Vector control has been credited with a large contribution to the decline in malaria cases and deaths in the past 15 years [One such tool is the In2Care® EaveTube. EaveTubes comprise PVC tubes which are inserted into a house at eave level and are closed off using an insecticide treated netted insert. EaveTubes exploit the preference of the anopheline mosquito to enter households at eave height [Initial entomological studies conducted in semi-field enclosures suggested that the combination of EaveTubes, closed eaves, and screened windows successfully reduced mosquito populations [The incidence of clinical malaria (new symptomatic malaria cases recorded in a population) is typically considered the gold standard measure of impact for malaria intervention trials [Measuring infection prevalence incurs vastly fewer cost implications for this type of evaluation compared to the measurement of incidence. Prevalence can be estimated through cross-sectional surveys at single time points which greatly reduces time, expense, and logistical burden. As part of the evaluation of the SET technology, we performed an endline cross-sectional survey to assess the impact on malaria infection prevalence in the study population 18 months post-installation of SET. This paper evaluates the impact of a vector control intervention on malaria infection prevalence using different diagnostics in a trial where SET resulted in a substantial reduction in malaria case incidence in the intervention clusters.