Secondary outcomes
cognitive impairment, dementias, mobility disability, Alzheimer's disease, bladder and bowel movements, Alzheimer's Disease, Échelle d’évaluation
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
Intervention attendance was noted and computed as follows: ([number of sessions attended/total number of sessions] × 100).Following each session, the intervention facilitator asked the participants about their subjective feeling of well-being using the EVIBE (Échelle d’évaluation instantanée du bien-être, Scale of instantaneous well-being), which is a visual analogue scale. They were asked to rate their current feeling of well-being on a graduated ruler from 1 to 5 in response to the question "How do you feel now?". A rating of 5 indicated the strongest feeling of well-being, while a rating of 1 indicated the weakest. This scale has been validated in older adults with severe cognitive impairment and has demonstrated a high level of intrajudge reliability (ICC between 0.79 and 0.90; The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) is a test that assesses physical function in older adults. It is commonly used in clinical settings and research studies to evaluate an individual's lower extremity function, balance, and gait speed. The SPPB consists of three tests. Balance tests: the participant is asked to maintain balance in three different feet positions—side-by-side, semi-tandem, and tandem—for up to 10 s each. Gait speed test: The participant is timed while walking four meters at their usual pace. Chair stand test: The participant is timed while standing up from a chair and sitting down again five times as quickly as possible. Each test is scored on a scale of 0–4. The scores from each test are added together to give an overall SPPB score, which ranges from 0 (poor performance) to 12 (excellent performance). The SPPB has been shown to be a reliable and valid tool for assessing physical function in older adults and can help healthcare professionals identify individuals at risk of mobility disability and functional decline [The Katz Index of Independence in ADL is a tool used to evaluate an individual's ability to perform basic self-care tasks in six basic domains: bathing (the ability to wash oneself in a tub or shower), dressing (the ability to put on and take off clothing, including shoes and socks), toileting (the ability to get on and off the toilet and clean oneself), transferring (the ability to move from a bed to a chair or wheelchair and vice versa), continence (the ability to control bladder and bowel movements), feeding (the ability to feed oneself, including using utensils and preparing food). Each of these activities was rated by the nursing staff on a three-point scale (dependent, partially dependent, and independent) based on the amount of assistance required to perform the task. The scores are then added up to provide an overall measure of functional status, with a maximum score of 6 indicating complete independence in all six ADLs. The Katz Index is a simple and effective tool for assessing functional status and can be used to guide care planning and monitor changes in an individual's ability to perform basic self-care tasks over time [The Quality of Life in Alzheimer's Disease (QoL-AD) is a questionnaire designed to assess the QoL of people with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, consisting of 13 items organised into physical health, mood, living situation, memory, family, friends, and ability to carry out daily tasks. Response options range from 1 (poor), 2 (fair), 3 (good) to 4 (excellent), for a total score of 13–52. Higher scores indicate better QoL. The questionnaire was administered by the principal investigator or the nursing staff responsible for data collection. Both the participant and their professional caregiver provided input by completing separate questionnaires, which were then combined into a composite score as follows (2 × participant score + 1 × caregiver score)/3, giving greater weight to the participant's responses. The QoL-AD questionnaire was assessed in French for its validity and reliability [