4. Discussion
pain
ADVERSE REACTIONS, ADVERSE EVENTS
Three previous randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trials have demonstrated that a single preoperative injection of 150 mg SDE provides significant clinical analgesic effects in the management of post-open surgery pain.After intramuscular injection, SDE is hydrolyzed by tissue esterase and the active compound nalbuphine is constantly released over 145 hours to mediate a longer lasting analgesic effect.The drug-related adverse reactions of SDE were previously reported in the several prospectiveThis study also measured pre- and post-operative QoL using the SF-12 questionnaire, which includes physical and mental health composition domains. The average total SF-12 scores were found to be low both before and at 7 days post laparoscopic cholecystectomy in both groups (75–79). These scores increased significantly to > 90 at postoperative day 90, suggesting an improvement in physical and mental health after surgical removal of the pathological gall bladder. Since there were no differences in the SF-12 scores between the 2 groups at the 3 measurement time points, we suggest that the SDE-related adverse events were most likely tolerable and did not significantly affect the physical and mental recovery after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.