Study population and randomization
aortic stenosis, TAVI
AORTIC STENOSIS
Adults (aged 20–99 years) with aortic stenosis (AS), undergoing elective TAVI under general anesthesia via the transfemoral approach in a single tertiary academic center (Seoul National University Hospital, South Korea), were eligible for the study. Eligibility for TAVI was determined based on the consensus of an institutional multidisciplinary heart team, including clinical cardiologists, cardiac interventionists, cardiac surgeons, imaging specialists, and anesthesiologists, and followed the current practice guidelines [After enrollment and the informed consent process, the patients were randomized to receive F