Observational indices
dizziness, nausea, postoperative adverse reactions, HAD
CHRONIC ILLNESS
Patients' demographic information was gathered, including age, gender, BMI, level of education, occupation, chronic illness, preoperative HAD and preoperative Harris scores, length of surgery, and length of hospital stay. The first time out of bed, the ambulation distance, and the number of PCA presses within 48 h after operation were also noted. The resting VAS score at 2, 4, 12, 24 and 48 h after the operation and the active VAS score at 12, 24 and 48 h after the operation were also noted. The incidence of postoperative adverse reactions such as drowsiness, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, multilingual were recorded. In the morning of the surgery day (