Statistics
MRS
Mean, standard deviation (SD), 95% confidence intervals (CI), and % were used as appropriate to display the distribution of variables. Statistical comparisons of sociodemographic, health, fitness, and exercise variables were performed with Group differences in NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr in the hippocampal head and body were assessed in general linear models including the covariates sex, age, education, and volume of the hippocampal head or body, respectively.Since increasing VOTo investigate potential associations between variables related to exercising at time of MRS, we assessed the relationships between NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr and weekly exercise duration and intensity across all subjects in general linear models including sex, age, education, and volume of the hippocampal head or body as covariates.Finally, we investigated if HADS and MoCa scores were associated with NAA/Cr or Cho/Cr in the body or head of the hippocampus across all subjects (SEG&CG) using one general linear model for NAA/Cr and one for Cho/Cr with sex, age, education, and hippocampal volume at 3 years, to evaluate the potential clinical impact of these MRSI biomarkers.Based on the group sizes in the only previously published exercise and brain metabolite study, SPSS (IBM Corp. Released 2010. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 28.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp) was used for all analyses. The statistical significance threshold was set to 