Depression and anxiety
depression, Depression, Anxiety, anxiety
SECONDARY
The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used to measure symptoms of anxiety and depression as secondary outcomes. The DASS-21 is a 21-item scale that rates the degree to which each statement applies to participants over the past week on a four-point Likert scale from 0 to 3. Total scores range from 0 to 42, with higher scores indicating more severe symptoms. Subscale scores were also utilized in the study. The DASS-21 has been validated in Chinese adolescent populations and has satisfactory psychometric properties [