Laboratory and clinical examinations
death, mitochondrial dysfunction
BLOOD, LIVER, MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION
Blood samples were collected from study subjects at baseline, during treatment (day (D)7, D14, D22), upon completion of the 28-day treatment (D29), and 14 days after treatment with ZSP1601 (D43). Liver biochemical tests were conducted to examine serum ALT, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Serum biomarkers included cytokeratin-18 (CK-18) as a biomarker of cell death and mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, interleukin (IL)−6, IL-10, and IL-22, and interferon-gamma inducible protein 10 (IP-10), a chemokine important in the modulation of innate and adaptive immune responses.