5.2. Study Design
orofacial pain, TMD, headache pain, headaches
This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Clinicians checked the demographic information, medical history, and medication history of participants. Participants completed questionnaires regarding TMD and headache pain for measurement and assessment of clinical values. The intensity of orofacial pain was assessed using a VAS, and participants indicated the frequency and intensity of various types of headaches experienced during the past 30 days. Additionally, the clinicians measured the number of tender points and the range of maximum mouth opening in millimeters (mm). Accordingly, diagnoses were clinically determined. Participants who met the selection criteria and did not meet the exclusion criteria were randomly assigned to either the test group (