Statistics
The Statistical Package for Social Sciences 20.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., IL, USA) was used as a statistical program. The Mann-Whitney rank sum test was performed to compare numerical data between the two groups, and the χ2 test and Fisher’s exact test were used for non-parametric data. Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance with a Dunn multiple comparison test was used to assess haemodynamic change. The statistical significance level was set at 