Statistical analysis
REGRESSION
DFS and OS were evaluated by the Kaplan–Meier method and compared by the log-rank test. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the effect of surgical approach on DFS and OS. The “survminer” package in R was used to provide various functions for survival analysis, including testing for differences in OS between groups. The median follow-up time was calculated using the reverse Kaplan–Meier method. Restricted mean survival time (RMST) was used to quantify the survival time, and the RMST ratio and 95% CI were obtained by survRM2 package in R software