Intervention
postoperative pain
PAD
After completing the first questionnaire and measuring the vital signs (phase I), 20 drops (0.25 mL) of 100% organic essential lavender oil (Lavandula angustifolia, 10 mL, Australian Certified Organic Pty Ltd., Brisbane, Australia) and 50 mL of distal water were added to an electrical aromatherapy vaporizer near the patient's chair at a distance of 20 cm in the waiting room. After 20 min, the second questionnaire was given the patients and their vital signs were measured (phase II). Then, the patient was transferred to dental clinics, where the lavender vaporizer was placed 20 cm away from the dental unit. Every 20 min, 20 drops of lavender oil were added to the vaporizer until the dental treatment was completed. Before the patient left the clinic, the third questionnaire was completed and measurements of the vital signs were also recorded (phase III). For phase IV of the study, all patients were given 0.25 mL of lavender oil from the same bottle to use at home. Three drops of lavender oil were deposited on a cotton pad, and the patients were instructed to inhale it for five minutes from a distance of ten centimeters three times per day until they returned the following day to complete the fourth questionnaire.On the day of the control group, the waiting room and clinics were thoroughly ventilated to ensure that the lavender scent was completely removed from the environment. The vaporizer was also placed 20 cm away from the patient's chair in the waiting room, but it was only filled with plain distal water. All of the above-mentioned lavender group protocol was also applied to the patients in the control group, except for using olfactory aromatherapy at home. They were only instructed to perform the standard postoperative dental care at home. All dental procedures, in both groups, were performed under local anesthesia with vasoconstrictor using nerve block local anesthetic techniques (Mepivacaine 2% and epinephrine 1:100,000). All patients were instructed to adminstrate diclofenac sodium 50 mg twice daily if they experienced postoperative pain.