Inclusion and exclusion criteria
neurological or neuromuscular disease, thyroid tumour, RLN palsies, epilepsy
CARDIOPULMONARY DISEASES, EPILEPSY, RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY, THYROID TUMOUR, ASTHMA
Both male and female patients scheduled for thyroid tumour resection from April 2018 to July 2018 were recruited and signed the informed consent if they meet the following inclusion criteria: 18–65 years old; American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I to II; professional head and neck surgeons recommended that patients have indications for IONM; sign the informed consent. All participants in this study were required to sign the informed consent.Exclusion criteria were as follows: history of epilepsy; history of neurological or neuromuscular disease; history of asthma; predicted difficult airway; preoperative RLN palsies; respiratory insufficiency; without application of the TOF monitor or IONM in the surgery; severe cardiopulmonary diseases; American Society of Anaesthesiologists ≥ 3, pregnant or lactating women; participation in other clinical trials within the past four weeks; and inability to express properly.