Study population
impaired fasting glucose, hypertension, chronic diseases, diabetes
HYPERTENSION, IMPAIRED GLUCOSE TOLERANCE, CHRONIC DISEASES, DIABETES
We conducted a prospective double-blinded randomized clinical trial involving singleton pregnancy women. Inclusion criteria were: 18-40 years of age; living in Beijing; understanding and willing to sign informed consent; singleton pregnancy; first prenatal care visit between 5-8 weeks of gestation. Exclusion criteria were: smoking, excessive alcohol or drug abuse; pregnancy complicated with chronic diseases (pre-existing diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glucose, chronic hypertension and so on); taken any prescribed chronic medications; steroids use.The trial was recruited at Peking University First Hospital (PUFH), which is a public hospital located in Beijing, China. This study protocol has been approved by PUFH Clinical Trial Ethics Committee (reference number: 164). All patients provided written informed consent. The clinical trial was registered on 