Walking speed
trunk movements
The participants were told to walk for four meters twice with their all-out effort as quickly as they could without sprinting. Single-beam infrared photoelectric cells (Brower Timing System, Salt Lake City, UT, USA) were used to measure the time to the nearest 0.01 s. Starting from a standing position, each participant put their favorite foot forward and slightly back of the starting line. When participants voluntarily started the trial, which triggered timing, the test began. The timing gates were placed at the start of the race (0.3 m in front of the starting line) and at 4 m, about 0.7 m above the ground (i.e., hip level). The system used in this study was designed to accurately record trunk movements while minimizing the probability of spurious stimuli caused by limb movements. During the experimentation, participants concluded multiple trials with a 3-min rest period between each attempt. All tests were performed on an indoor wooden track. For data analysis, the best outcome from each participant was selected, agreeing with a previous research [