Falls
Of 796 falls in total, 375 occurred in the intervention group and 421 in the control group. At least one fall was experienced by 60% of participants in the intervention group during the trial compared with 57% in the control group (odds ratio 1.1, 95% confidence interval 0.71 to 1.82, P=0.6). Seventy three falls were injurious: 38 in the intervention group and 35 in the control group. At least one injurious fall was reported by 15% of participants in the intervention group and 16% in the control group (odds ratio 0.91, 0.51 to 1.62, P=0.8).The falls efficacy outcome concerned falls in months 4-15. For participants who completed all the study calendars for these months (n=128), 279 falls were recorded (79 intervention group, 200 control group). At least one fall was experienced by 59% of participants in the intervention group compared with 55% of participants in the control group (odds ratio 1.17, 0.57 to 2.40, P=0.72). The incidence rate for falls was 1.49 per person year in the intervention group compared with 2.47 per person year in the control group: incidence rate ratio 0.78, 95% confidence interval 0.46 to 1.31, P=0.33, adjusted for site, co-resident carer, and history of falls. A survival analysis showed median time to the first fall was 13 months in the intervention group and 12 months in the control group (adjusted hazard rate ratio 0.85, 95% confidence interval 0.50 to 1.43, P=0.54).