Two subtests of PPT
The PPT is widely used as a hand function test in therapy, rehabilitation, and treatment to evaluate dexterity performance. It assesses dexterity of precision grip using two subtests [The left-handed peg task required participants to insert as many pegs into the holes as possible within 60 s, and the score is the number of pegs inserted correctly. In the assembly task, participants were required to use their left hand to insert the peg and add two washers and a collar in a certain order within 60 s. Compared to the simple peg task, higher cognitive demand is required to sequentially assemble four parts with different shapes.The score of the assembly operation task is the total number of parts from the completed assemblies and uncompleted assemblies. Each of these tasks was repeatedly conducted 4 times in each assessment session. The data in the first trial was discarded from the analysis in consideration of the possibility of a large variation in task performance and greater improvement from the first trial to second trial (Fig. 