2.4.3. Active ROM assessment.
The joint ROM of the participants was evaluated using a smartphone application angle gauge (Angles Video Goniometer, Nathaniel Cochran, USA). To evaluate the active joint ROM, the flexion/extension, pronation/supination, and ulnar/radial deviation of the forearm were assessed. Andrea et al reported high internal and inter-rater reliabilities with an ICC of.900 when measuring ROM using an application.