ABBREVIATIONS:
infection, DimensionEuroQol Visual Analog ScaleFood, pain
INFECTION, SYNDROME, DUPLICATION
adverse eventConsolidated Standards of Reporting TrialsEuroQol-5 DimensionEuroQol Visual Analog ScaleFood and Drug Administrationimplantable pulse generatorminimal clinical important differencemean differencenumerical rating scaleno trial grouppersistent spinal pain syndrome type 2randomized controlled trialspinal cord stimulationtrial group.The use of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) for inhibition of pain was first described in 1967.Despite many advances in SCS waveforms,Although a successful screening trial should help to identify those patients who would most benefit from SCS and obtain long-term pain relief, there are drawbacks to such a screening trial strategy. Duplication of a clinical procedure at screening and full implant increase patient exposure to infection (because of bacterial colonization of the lead skin exit site). Higher infection rates have been reported for 28-day trials compared with screening trials with shorter durations.Furthermore, the results from the TRIAL-STIM RCT showed there was no evidence that a screening trial provides superior patient outcomes or is cost-effective compared with not doing a screening trial.An important limitation of the TRIAL-STIM RCT results was that follow-up was limited to 6 months and therefore too short to evaluate long-term response to SCS. The aim of this report is, therefore, to report the long-term results of the TRIAL-STIM trial.