Trial participants
HPTN 071-02 was conducted in nine of 12 Zambian PopART communities and included participants from a population cohort (used to monitor incidence in the community) and additional individuals attending health-care facilities. The population cohort enrolled one randomly selected resident aged 15–44 years per randomly selected household, irrespective of HIV status, between Nov 28, 2013, and July 14, 2017, for a total of 20 264 participants in the nine communities. Residents could be visited several times over the course of the trial, with clinical samples being acquired upon the first visit at which they were HIV-positive. At the health-care facilities, individuals were approached and subsequently enrolled if they consented and were HIV-positive individuals aged 18 years or older who were not currently on ART. They were enrolled between July 6, 2016, and June 29, 2018. Demographic data collected included sex, date of birth, and study community. Details can be found in the trial protocol.