Evidence before this study
cancer, cancers, prostate cancer, multiple cancer
CANCERS, MULTIPLE CANCER, CANCER, DISEASE, METASTATIC CASTRATION-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER, PROSTATE CANCER
We searched PubMed for articles published between Jan 1, 2000, and March 1, 2023, for preclinical and clinical studies on the combination of priming doses of radiation plus immunotherapy in prostate cancer and other cancers using the search terms: "cancer" AND "radiation" AND "immunotherapy". No language restrictions were applied. Preclinical studies have shown that the combination of radiation with immunotherapy can enhance anti-tumour efficacy in multiple cancer models. A phase 3 study in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer using a single dose of external beam radiation followed by ipilimumab demonstrated that a subset of patients had durable disease control and long-term survival with extended follow-up.