Outcome measures
dizziness, pruritus, flatus；(4, nausea, vomiting
ADVERSE EFFECTS, SECONDARY
The primary outcome was rescued morphine within 24 h after surgery. The secondary outcomes included: (1) NRS scores; (2) morphine consumption at other time points; (3) time to first ambulation and flatus；(4) adverse effects, such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and pruritus within 48 h after surgery; (5) quality of recovery assessed with QoR-40 score at 24 h after surgery; (6) patient satisfaction score (0 = totally unsatisfied, 10 = total satisfied) at 48 h; (7) quality of life measured with SF-36 health survey questionnaire on POD 30.