Introduction
arrhythmias, death, peripheral vascular embolism, stroke
ARRHYTHMIAS, ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (AF), STROKE
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common arrhythmias in the clinic, which is related to the increased risk of death, stroke, and peripheral vascular embolism. It is estimated that by 2050, China will have 5.2 million men over 60 years old and 3.1 million women with AF, which is 2.3 times the projected prevalence rate in the United StatesWith the continuous expansion of clinical indications and continuous updating of clinical evidence, catheter ablation of AF has been regarded as a first-line rhythm control therapy to improve symptoms in patients with symptomatic AF. According to the current 2020 ESC/EACTS guidelinesThe proximal sealing technique (PST) can ensure that the cryoballoon (CB) is ablated in the vestibule of PV, which is safer and more effectiveThe KODEX-EPD system (EPD Solutions, a Philips Company), as a novel, dielectric three-dimensional mapping system, has recently gained widespread attention because of its unique occlusion verification software to facilitate CBA procedureBaseline tool of KODEX-EPD system: (Injection tool of KODEX-EPD system: (The flow chart of CB ablation surgery under the guidance of KODEX-EPD.In this paper, a randomized controlled study was conducted in 40 consecutive patients with the indication of CB ablation of AF in a single center to investigate and evaluate the feasibility of CB ablation guided by the KODEX-EPD system. Furthermore, we intend to assess the feasibility of KODEX guided PST in CB procedures.