Introduction
RCCs, renal cell carcinoma, aggressiveness, RCC
RENAL CELL CARCINOMA, BENIGN TUMORS, RCC
The increasing use of cross-sectional imaging in recent decades has led to an increase in the incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) [Most small RCCs appear as benign tumors, but some can exhibit high aggressiveness and have the potential to spread to the perirenal fat or distant locations [The most popular noninvasive diagnostic tool for determining whether a small renal mass is benign or malignant, and for identifying the histological grade of small ccRCC, is computed tomography (CT) [Artificial intelligence is increasingly employed in medical imaging to extract features from medical images that are imperceptible to the naked eye. For instance, radiomics, which is based on CT images, and pathomics, which is based on whole slide images (WSI) [The purpose of this study is to evaluate the ability of multiphase CT-based radiomics nomogram analysis, which combines radiomics features and clinic-radiological characteristics, to predict the WHO/IUSP grade of small ccRCC.