4. Results
intellectual disabilities, intellectual disability, antisocial behavior
DISEASE
Before the experiment began, a communicative competence test was carried out. All the results of the respondents have an average value for the study group and are described as points and percentages. The preliminary result for factor A (openness and sociability) was 8 points (40%)—the lowest indicator of the average level of sociability. The result for factor D (cheerfulness) was 13 points (65%). The indicator of factor K (teamwork) turned out to be rather low -5 points (25%). Factor P (propensity for antisocial behavior) result was equal to 12 points out of 40 possible (30%). The score for factor M (independent decision-making) turned out to be rather low -6 points (30%). Factor N (self-control) also showed a low value of -5 points out of 20 possible (25%). Factor V (logical thinking) was equal to 4 points (20%). The result of factor C (emotional stability) is 6 points (30%), which is also a rather low indicator. The result is shown in Intermediate testing was carried out 2 months after the start of the experiment. The factor A results (openness and sociability) were 11 points (55%). This indicates an increase in sociability in the study group. In turn, factor D (cheerfulness) changed insignificantly; it increased by 1 point (70%). The factor K indicator (teamwork) increased by 3 points; thus, it was equal to 8 (40%). In two months, this indicator moved from the low level to the average level. Factor P (propensity for antisocial behavior) decreased to 10 points out of 40 possible (25%). The result of factor M (independent decision-making) increased to 9 points (45%). Factor N increased by two points and was equal to 7 points (35%). Logical thinking (factor V) also increased by 2 points and was equal to 6 points out of 20 possible (30%). Emotional stability (factor C) changed its value in a positive direction -8 points (40%). The result of intermediate testing is shown in At the end of the experiment, the final test was carried out. According to its results, factor A (openness and sociability) reached 13 points (65%). The factor D result (cheerfulness) was 15 points (75%)—the upper limit of the average level. Factor K (teamwork) amounted to 10 points (50%). The results of factor P (propensity to antisocial behavior) were equal to 8 points out of 40 (20%). The factor M indicator (independent decision-making) was 11 points (55%). The factor N indicator (self-control) was equal to 9 points out of 20 possible (45%). The result of factor V (logical thinking) was 8 points (40%). Factor C (emotional stability) reached 10 points (50%).The result of the final testing is shown in After the final test was calculated, it was compared with the preliminary results using Student's Based on the data above, we can conclude that cognitive therapy sessions have a positive effect on the development of social skills in children with intellectual disabilities. This is evidenced by an increase in the indicators of teamwork, independent decision-making, self-control, logical thinking, and emotional stability. The criteria, such as “cheerfulness,” “openness,” and “sociability” also improved. It is worth noting that the factor of the propensity for antisocial behavior decreased due to the sessions of cognitive therapy. Also, changes in the behavior of the students who took part in the experiment began were noticed by their teachers. According to one of the supervisors, the children have really become more open in communication with each other and teachers, in particular. They are more actively involved in learning and open up to everything new with great interest. It is also worth noting that their academic performance has improved.However, it should be considered that the study is completely randomized and was conducted in a large focus group. Also, the disease that provoked intellectual disability and its degree were not taken into account. Therefore, the absolute reliability of the results cannot be stated. In the future, additional research may be required.