PPDP follow-on study
T2DM, blood tumor
After the completion of the initial PPDP study, patients who with undiagnosed T2DM continue to be invited to participate in the PPDP Follow-On study without probiotics intervention. A total of 39 non-T2DM patients agreed to follow up glucose metabolism for next 4 years. Patients were asked to monitor fasting and postprandial blood glucose by themselves. At the 4th year, OGTT were assessed at the outpatient department of Shanghai East Hospital. Finally, 36 patients finished the next 4-year follow-up, 2 patients withdrew due to loss of contact, and 1 patient died due to a blood tumor, with a dropout rate of 4.2%. The detailed patient flow of the original trial (PPDP) and follow-on study is summarized in Flow diagram for PPDP follow-on study.The primary outcome was the cumulative incidence of T2DM in the two groups during the 6 years. The PPDP study and the PPDP Follow-On study were reviewed and approved by the hospital’s ethics committee and all patients signed informed consent.