Conclusions
blood loss, primary dysmenorrhea, pain
BLOOD LOSS, DYSMENORRHEA, PRIMARY DYSMENORRHEA, VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY, VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY
Based on the study findings, over two follow-up periods, a high dose of vitamin D could improve pain intensity and decrease the need for using NSAIDs in women with primary dysmenorrhea and vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency is common among those living in Iran. As such, by using supplementation, the amount of vitamin D deficiency and painkillers’ side effects, may be reduced. Due to the acceptability, availability, and cost-effectiveness of this treatment, it could also be used as effective management for dysmenorrhea. More clinical trials with a greater sample size, longer treatment duration, and follow-up period are required to further confirm the efficacy of vitamin D in reducing menstrual blood loss.