Antihypertensive drugs and OA
hand and knee OA, MR, OA
In our analysis of the relationship between antihypertensive drugs and OA, we found significant evidence supporting a causal association between PSDs and aldosterone antagonists with all OA (OR: 0.560, 95% CI 0.406–0.772, MR analysis results of the relationship between antihypertensive drugs and OAIn our sensitivity analysis, we observed horizontal pleiotropic effects during the analysis of PSD and aldosterone antagonists for both hand and knee OA, as well as during the analysis of Adrenergic neurone blockers for knee OA. However, we found no such effects or heterogeneity during the MR analysis of PSDs and aldosterone antagonists with all OA (Fig. MR leave−one−out sensitivity analysis for PSDs and aldosterone antagonists on AllOA