Secondary outcomes
±, SAEs, AWD
INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION, REGRESSION, ADVERSE EVENTS
When considering the repeated measures of ICD in time, and adjusting for age, gender, BMI, smoking status, treatment by time interaction and ICD at baseline using a multilevel Tobit model for ICD at 3, 6, and 12 months, we found that there was no statistically significant difference between treatment and control groups (Participants’ right ABPI (log-transformed for normality) significantly increased over the follow-up period, irrespective of treatment group, by 0.07 (95 per cent c.i., 0.02 to 0.12; Quality-of-life outcomes are summarized in Summary of disease-specific and generic patient-reported quality of life outcomes*BMT: best medical therapy; ICQ: intermittent claudication questionnaire; EQ-5D-5L: EuroQol Group 5-Dimension 5-Level questionnaire; NMES: neuromuscular electrical stimulation; SET: supervised exercise therapy; SF-36: medical outcomes study 36-item short-form health survey. *Plus–minus values are means ± SD. †The between-group differences were estimated by a mixed model adjusted for each baseline quality of life score, time, treatment and the interaction term of time and treatment as fixed effects and centre and patients as random effects. The control group was the reference group. The widths of the confidence intervals were not adjusted for multiple comparisons and should not be used for formal reference. ‡Scores on the ICQ range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating worse health related to intermittent claudication. §Scores on the EQ-5D-5L health scale (a visual analogue scale) range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health. ¶Scores on the EQ-5D-5L health index range from 0 to 1, with higher scores indicating better health. The EQ-5D-5L health index was calculated with the value set for EnglandSerious adverse events (SAEs; Subgroup analyses are summarized in 
AWD: absolute walking distance; BMT: best medical therapy; ITT: intention-to-treat; NMES: neuromuscular electrical stimulation; SET: supervised exercise therapy. *Indicates the reference category. †Right censoring set up at (28.106939) square root of AWD at 790 m. ‡Tobit regression model: square root of AWD at 3 months = intercept + square root of AWD (baseline) + Subgroup + residual. §Subgroup 1: Non-SET Compliance was measured for all interventions. Participants at SET centres were deemed compliant if they attended 50 per cent or more sessions, and if participants completed at least 75 per cent of their recommended level of NMES usage. Of 99 participants that attended SET, 69 were compliant (69.7 per cent) with data missing for 11 patients (11.1 per cent). Of 92 participants using the device, 68 were compliant (73.9 per cent), with data missing for 12 patients (13.0 per cent). Patients reported good tolerability to device use; 87.5 per cent stated it was ‘very easy’ to use as reported in the device experience questionnaire.