Additional analysis in the validation cohort
The treatment effects of PMX-HA on 28-day survival among patients in the targeted subpopulation not on RRT at baseline (PMX-HA vs. control, 73% vs. 58%, + 15% [95% CI − 0.3% to + 31%], In addition, PMX-HA use was likely to have higher effects on 28-day survival without RRT initiation in the targeted subpopulation (28-day survival rate without RRT initiation in the PMX-HA group vs. control, 37% vs. 25%, + 12% [95% CI − 1.4% to + 25%], 