Operative techniques
The standard reconstruction technique was the Roux-en-Y HJ. It was performed as wide as possible, not under tension, and with good edge vascularity. It can be achieved by end-to-side or the Hepp–Couinaud approach. A division of the hilar plate and partial resection of segment IV were done when indicated to lengthen the bile duct stump and facilitate the biliary-enteric anastomosis