Disuse of traditional stoves in intervention households
Traditional stoves were successfully monitored by a SUM in 96% (n = 1,039) and 86% (n = 877) of intervention households with a traditional stove during pregnancy and post-birth, respectively (Traditional stove use (TSU) by intervention participants based on SUMs data during pregnancy (“preg”), the post-birth or infancy period (“infcy”), and total across the full trial (“full”).Over the full trial, intervention households with SUMs installed rarely used their traditional stove, for a median (Q1, Q3) of 0.4% (0.0%, 2.3%) of monitored days (Frequency of the percent of stove-use-monitored days in which traditional stove use (TSU) was detected via stove use monitors (SUMs) in intervention households over the full trial period.After controlling for COVID-19, there were no statistically significant differences in traditional stove use during the pregnancy period (median 0.0% [Q1, Q3: 0.0%, 1.6%]) as compared to the infancy period (median 0.3% [Q1, Q3: 0.0%, 2.3%]) (odds ratio = 1.11 [CI: 0.95–1.30], Percent of monitored days with traditional stove use as recorded by SUMs by calendar month during pregnancy and post-birth (“infancy”) periods, by country and overall among intervention participants. The dashed line indicates the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which began March 17, 2020 (shown at the March’20 position given that all March data was aggregated into one point).Nearly all intervention participants (1,575/1,584 or 99%) received at least one visit in which fieldworkers looked for signs of any traditional stove use, with a median (Q1, Q3) of 29 (23, 34) observation visits per participant over the course of the trial (Most traditional stoves that were observed to have been recently used had a SUMs installed (64%) (