Authors’ contributions
NVC, FM
KRL was responsible for conducting the study; she analysed the health outcomes statistically and wrote the first draft of the article. TS was the principal investigator; he came up with the proposal for the study, designed the study in collaboration with KRL and the Climate Chamber Group, and contributed to the manuscript. MB and MG planned and supervised the chemical and particle analysis, while BBR and BR measured the particle exposure and analysed the data. BS analysed the PAHs. MB, MG, BBR, BR, and BS all contributed to the manuscript. HJH analysed the EPC data, JS, NVC, and FM analysed metabolomics data, and PM and AJ analysed data on gene expressions and DNA damages, contributing to the manuscript. ACO and SL contributed to the manuscript with their expert knowledge. All authors read and approved the final manuscript before submission.