Background
HBC, diabetes and cardiovascular disease, Diabetes
INFECTIOUS DISEASES, DISEASE, DISEASES, DIABETES
The global burden of disease has shifted in recent decades from infectious diseases toward non-communicable, “lifestyle” diseases, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Health behavior change (HBC) interventions such as the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) have shown evidence in high income countries for reducing diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk [For these same programs to be similarly effective in LMICs they need to be adapted for resource-poor communities where many residents are low-income, have lower levels of education, have low health literacy, have limited access to transportation, and there exists limited capacity of health professionals to effectively deliver programs. LMICs also possess potential facilitators of HBC programs. For example, mobile phone use is widespread in LMICs [mHealth broadly entails the integration of portable and wireless technology (e.g., mobile phones) to enhance delivery of health interventions [There are limited evidence-informed guidelines in the literature for implementing mHealth in LMICs. A few “universal” toolkits and frameworks do exist, yet by design they are general in their direction and applicability across various mobile technologies and intervention applications. For example, the “mHealth Assessment and Planning for Scale Toolkit” (i.e., MAPS [