Introduction
cancer, Prostate cancer, tumor
SEMINAL VESICLES, TUMOR, CANCER, PROSTATE, PROSTATE CANCER
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the third most common cancer in the world, with 1.4 million new cases identified each year, and around 90% of them have a localized tumor.For all risk scenarios of localized PCa, radiotherapy (RT) is a well-established, potentially curative therapeutic option. Combining androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with RT has been proven to increase overall survival in patients with intermediate- and high-risk PCa.Since dose-escalated RT normally necessitates an 8-week total treatment duration and brachytherapy is an invasive technique with limited availability at many RT facilities, shorter and more convenient treatment regimens are needed. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is a highly conformal RT method that enables for ultra-hypofractionation, which significantly reduces overall treatment time. SBRT can be safely delivered to the whole prostate gland and seminal vesicles employing PTV prescription doses of 36.25 Gy or 40 Gy administered in five fractions (7.25 Gy or 8 Gy per fraction) with excellent results in patients with low- and intermediate-risk PCa.New imaging techniques, such as multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), have significantly improved the sensitivity and specificity for identifying and characterizing high-risk PCa foci.