Discussion
high-density lipoprotein
In recent decades, it has been well recognized that environmental pollution increases the risk of human exposure to heavy metal lead, which may consequently produce chronic or acute accumulation, and finally results in impairments of female and male reproductive system [Theoretically, prebiotics and dietary fibers in the Holofood are indigestible food ingredients which can serve as the substrates for the fermentation by several gut microbes, especially for the promotion of probiotics growth, and therefore help to maintain intestinal homeostasis [One of the components in Holofood product is galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), which can be selectively used by probiotics, such as In the current study, we found that Holofood product did not change the circulating metabolic parameters including uric acid, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and glycosylated hemoglobin, indicating that the Holofood product did not affect the normal metabolic homeostasis of the body. In contrast, GOS supplementation could improve blood glucose and lipid metabolism because daily supplementation of GOS for 3 months reduced total cholesterol levels in women by 13% compared with the baseline [