Study population
ascites, HBV infection, cancer, stroke, hepatic failure, liver cirrhosis, jaundice, human immunodeficiency virus, heart failure, ICD-10
ASCITES, VIRUS, MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS, CANCER, STROKE, HEPATIC FAILURE, LIVER CIRRHOSIS, HEPATITIS C, HEART FAILURE, CORONARY HEART DISEASE
We included adults who met all of the following inclusion criteria at the index visit between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2017: (1) age between 40 and 84 years; (2) chronic HBV infection defined by ICD-10 code for chronic HBV infection (B18.0, B18.1, B18.18 or Z22.5) during the study period; (3) total cholesterol level of 200 mg/dL or higher; (4) no prescription code for statins for the prior six months. Then, we excluded participants who had at least 1 following condition: (1) history of cancer (ICD-10 code: C), (2) co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (ICD-10 codes: B20, B21, B22, B24) or hepatitis C virus (ICD-10 code: B18.2), (3) history of liver cirrhosis (ICD-10 codes: K70.2, K70.3, K71.7, K76.1, K74), jaundice (ICD-10 code: R17), ascites (ICD-10 code: R18), or hepatic failure (ICD-10 code: K720), and (4) history of myocardial infarction (ICD-10 codes: I21-23, I252), stroke (ICD-10 codes: I60-63), heart failure (ICD-10 codes: I110, I130, I1132, I255, I420, I425-429, I43, I50, I971), coronary heart disease (ICD-10 codes: I43, I50, I099, I110, I130, I132, I255, I420, I425-429, P290), or revascularization (PCI, Korean National Health Insurance codes M6551-6554, M6561-6567, M6571-6572; coronary artery bypass graft surgery [CABG], O1640-1642, O1647-1649, OA640-642, OA647-649). The index visit was the time of national health screening exam, which included information on total cholesterol level.