Statistical analysis
IPF
REGRESSION
Statistical analyses were performed using R (version 3.6.3). LPA, lipid, and protein biomarker concentrations were log2 transformed when appropriate. LPA and lipid concentrations were compared between healthy controls and IPF patients, using multivariate regression adjusting for age and sex, followed by Benjamini-Hochberg correction (false discovery rate [FDR]) for multiple comparisons. FDR <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The relationship between LPA and lipid levels with baseline demographics and protein biomarkers was assessed using Student’s FVC %pred or DLCO %pred slope was calculated using linear regression in patients with at least three measurements over 52 weeks. The absolute differences in HRCT indices between screening and week 72 were calculated. Since some of the LPA levels were significantly different between female and male patients, sex-specific median levels of each LPA and TAG species were used to dichotomize patients into biomarker high (≥ median) and low (< median) subgroups. The median cutoff concentrations or ratio-to-standards are shown in the 