Cognitive performance of MCCB at each time point between the antipsychotics plus metformin group and the antipsychotics alone group.
cognitive impairment
Values are presented as mean and standard error estimated from linear mixed-effects models. Abbreviations: MCCB, MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery; W0, baseline; W12, week 12; W24, week 24. For the simple effect of metformin treatment at week 12/24 based on linear mixed-effects models, *We further analyzed the improvement of metformin on cognitive function in the participants with GDS ≥ 0.5, which demonstrated overall cognitive impairment. The treatment group exhibited greater improvement in MCCB composite score than the control group (estimated mean difference = 4.05, 95% CI: 2.33 to 5.77, 