Evidence before this study
On March 1, 2022, we searched MEDLINE, PubMed, PsychINFO, and Advanced Google Search, with no date or language restrictions, using the terms “garden”, “gardening”, AND “randomised”. Our search identified mostly systematic reviews and non-randomised studies on the associations between garden participation and a range of health behaviours and outcomes including diet and activity, BMI, and health status, with most studies showing positive evidence for garden interventions as a health promotion strategy. Three studies were randomised controlled trials of gardening among adults in home settings, but none involved community gardens.