Statistical analysis
Data were coded, reviewed, and analyzed using the SPSS version 25.0 (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp). The Kolmogorov–Smirnov (KS) test was used to test the normal distribution of the data. Quantitative data were expressed as median and range. Qualitative data were expressed as frequency and percentage. Kruskal–Wallis test was used to detect any statistically significant differences between three or more independent non-normally distributed groups. A pairwise comparison was conducted among significant groups. The Chi-square test was used to test the association between two categorical variables or to detect the difference between two or more proportions and whenever χ2 was not valid, Monte Carlo exact probability was used for RxC tables. The statistical analysis was carried out in the Community Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University.