Data collection and measurements
fracture
Researcher-made questionnaires were used to collect demographic information, including lifestyle factors, and clinical information. A portable, wall-mounted electronic stadiometer (Seca Model 769; Seca Corp, CA, USA) was used to measure height and weight without shoes. The body mass index (BMI) is calculated by dividing weight (kg) by height squared in meters (kg/mAs part of the study, tobacco and alcohol habits were asked about, and clinical data such as blood pressure, heart rate, reproductive history (e.g. age of menarche, parity, and age of menopause), and also medical history (e.g. previous and current use of pharmacological therapies, and previous fracture) were collected from participants.The level of physical activity was evaluated by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) created by the World Health Organization (WHO). The questionnaire categorized physical activity into three levels: vigorous intensity, moderate intensity, and walking. It also gathered information about the frequency and duration of each activity. The Total METs, a continuous score from the IPAQ scoring protocol, were calculated based on the following formula: (daily minutes of walking per week multiplied by 3.3) plus (daily minutes of moderate-intensity activity per week multiplied by 4.0) plus (daily minutes of vigorous activity per week multiplied by 8.0) [Collection of these data and Measurements of Bone Densitometry, Trabecular Bone Score, and Hip Geometry Analysis was done in the bone densitometry clinic of the endocrinology and metabolism research center of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.