Intervention group
In this RCT, one arm had received standard nursing care and the other arm had received a 10 min structured physiotherapy education program pre-operatively by a qualified physiotherapist (K.W.). During this session, a PowerPoint presentation was used to educate the participants, which was reinforced by a patient information leaflet pre-operatively. The participants were given an information leaflet with details of the exercise prescription with a pictorial representation of the exercises to be carried out, the number of repetitions to be carried out, the frequency of each exercise, physiotherapy education guidelines, and precautions to be taken when carrying out the exercises. All exercises and education guidelines adopted were evidence-based and described well in our prior RCT [