Summary statement
• What is already known about this topic?Virtual reality simulations help improve self-efficacy and nursing knowledge in nursing practice education. However, it is necessary to confirm the effectiveness of teaching methods combined with problem-based learning in nursing classes.• What this paper addsA teaching method that combined problem-based learning and virtual reality simulation was effective in promoting self-efficacy and problem-solving skills in women’s health nursing classes.• Implications for practice, education, and/or policyThe combination of problem-based learning and a virtual reality simulation was an effective teaching method for nursing students. Applying this integrative method in women’s health nursing classes will improve students’ competence.