Cluster selection and randomization
TB, HIV co-infection
The clinics chosen in both Ethiopia and South Africa are representative of typical clinics in their respective settings in terms of clinic size, catchment population, HIV co-infection, and provision of TB preventive treatment (Supplementary File The unblinded study statistician conducted constrained randomization balancing on baseline characteristics of the clinics that we believed would be associated with the primary outcome, including clinic geography and typical TB notifications [In Ethiopia, data on 2020 TB notifications per clinic and region (Central, East, and South) were available to balance study arm allocations. The COVID pandemic did not significantly affect TB notifications in Ethiopia and TB notification data were therefore not averaged over time [