Inclusion criteria
confusion, itching, convulsions, aggressiveness, abnormal movements, amenorrhea, motor disorders, psychiatric, coma, insomnia, headache, abortion, weight loss, apathy
STERILITY, SPEECH DISORDERS, MOTOR DISORDERS, RECURRENT FEVER, COMA
Individuals consulting the study SSS or CDT could be consecutively included if they had visited or resided in a HAT endemic area and presented with clinical suspicion for HAT. Clinical suspicion was defined as presence of at least one of the following clinical signs or symptoms: Recurrent fever not responding to anti-malarial medication; headache for a long duration (> 14 days); presence of enlarged lymph nodes in the neck; important weight loss; weakness; severe itching; amenorrhea, abortion, or sterility; coma; psychiatric problems (e.g., aggressiveness, apathy, mental confusion, increasing unusual hilarity, etc.); sleep disruption (nocturnal insomnia and/or excessive diurnal sleeping); motor disorders (abnormal movements, shaking, walking difficulties); convulsions; or speech disorders. Individuals were excluded from participation if they had already been treated for HAT, did not give their written informed consent or were less than 4 years old.