Clinical study procedures
CHRONIC INFECTION
All visits were performed in the morning (08:00–10:00 hours) after participants had fasted overnight. Physical examinations were conducted, as well as electrocardiography, BP and pulse measurements. An ophthalmological examination with retinal inspection was performed by a specialised ophthalmologist at visits 1, 4 and 8 (see ESM Table Routine laboratory variables, including serum GAD65 and IA-2 antibodies, and chronic infection variables were analysed at the Central Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Karolinska University Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden. Titres of HLA antibodies were determined by LABScreen Mixed Class I and II (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) at the Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Karolinska University Laboratory. HLA class II genotype determination was conducted by Gendia (Belgium).