2.2. Experimental Design
normoglycemia
Participants arrived at the clinical research facility between 17:00 and 18:00 h. The following protocol for maintaining normoglycemia during exercise was applied: 75% dose reduction of fast-acting insulin administered prior to consuming a meal containing 1 g of carbohydrate/kg 60 min before physical activity; post-workout meal containing 1 g of the low glycemic index (GI) carbohydrate/kg 60 min after physical activity with 50% dose reduction of fast-acting insulin; bedtime snack containing 0.3 g of carbohydrate/kg with low GI and omission of prandial insulin [Blood plasma was sampled at rest and 0 (immediately post exercise), 30, and 60 min (recovery phase) after cessation of the exercise, and blood glucose, lactate, GH, and cortisol levels were determined. Plasma was analyzed immediately after sampling. Measurements of blood glucose, HbA1c, and lactates were performed by routine assays using an automatic analyzer Olympus AV 640 (Olympus, Beckman Coulter, Inc., Brea, CA, USA). GH was determined using Beckman Coulter Access Dxi Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (CLIA), and cortisol was determined using the Alinity Chemiluminescence Microparticle Immunoassay system (CMIA), Abbott Diagnostics.