Introduction
beta cell dysfunction
INSULIN RESISTANCE, TYPE 2 DIABETES, COMPLICATIONS
Medical nutrition therapy is essential in the management of type 2 diabetes to improve metabolic and body weight control, reduce the risk of chronic complications and increase both life expectancy and quality [In recent years, early time-restricted feeding (eTRF) has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional dieting for its proposed metabolic benefits against the main drivers of glucose dysregulation, encompassing both insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction [To address these challenges, we designed a novel alternative dietary strategy, named ‘early time-restricted carbohydrate consumption’ (eTRC). This innovative approach involves restricting carbohydrate-rich food intake to the morning and early afternoon hours to align with circadian variations in oral glucose tolerance, while allowing for a more flexible eating window throughout the day for lipids and proteins to facilitate adherence. This study aimed to provide insights into the feasibility, efficacy and safety of eTRC in people with type 2 diabetes in free-living conditions, focusing on its impact on glucose homeostasis, as compared with a traditional Mediterranean-style diet matched for energy restriction and macronutrient content.