Methods
PONV, sore throat, postoperative nausea and vomiting, pain
SORE THROAT
Sixty-seven women with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I-II, scheduled for breast surgery were randomized to receive an IV lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg bolus (n = 34) or saline placebo (n = 33) before tracheal extubation. Anesthesia was induced with thiopental, vecuronium, and fentanyl, and maintained with sevoflurane ~ 1 MAC and 50% nitrous-oxide in oxygen. No postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) prophylaxis was given. Time to extubation, bucking before extubation, and quality of emergence, as well as early and late recovery (coughing post-extubation, sore throat, PONV, and pain scores) within 24 hours postoperatively were evaluated. Diclofenac and meperidine were used for the treatment of pain and metoclopramide for PONV.