Discussion
primary pain reliever, pain
After spinal surgeries, opioids have been traditionally used as the primary pain reliever despite their negative side effects. However, there has been a rising trend in utilizing multimodal analgesia (MMA) regimens. A study conducted by John S Jones et al. found that there was no significant difference in opioid use with the use of dexmedetomidine on any postoperative day. Moreover, the use of continuous local anesthetic infusions instead of dexmedetomidine can offer effective pain control, ensure safety, reduce postoperative hospital stays and eliminate the need for ICU admissions [