Mobility assessment
shoulder pain, abduction
Shoulder mobility was measured with a wireless inertial sensor (Gyko, Microgate Italia - Bolzano, Italy) at a sampling frequency of 500 Hz. Following the manufacturer’s guidelines, the Gyko was applied to the injured arm with an elastic band at the distal level of the humerus, right above the elbow joint. The mobility assessment was performed for arm flexion, abduction, external rotation, and extension. Subjects performed all movements while seated with their backs on the wall, excluding the extension movement that was performed while standing. Subjects were instructed to perform all the movements at a self-selected speed and range of motion (ROM) with the indication not exceeding shoulder pain limits. Overall, three trials were performed, with a recovery of 30 s in between. Data were analyzed with the software GykoRePower (Gyko, Microgate Italia - Bolzano, Italy) to obtain the ROM (deg) and mean velocity (deg/s) of each movement.