Smoking Cessation
Study questionnaires at the 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups asked participants whether they abstained from combustible cigarette smoking for the past 30 days and the date of their last cigarette. Consistent with the parent trial, the primary smoking cessation outcome was self-reported, complete-case, and 30-day point prevalence abstinence (PPA) from cigarette smoking at 12 months. Secondary outcomes at 12 months included 30-day PPA missing-as-smoking and multiple imputation; 30-day PPA from all nicotine and tobacco products (ie, e-cigarettes, chewing tobacco, snus, hookahs, cigars, cigarillos, tobacco pipes, and kreteks); prolonged abstinence (between 3 and 12 months); and harm reduction, defined as a substantial reduction (≥50%) in average daily cigarette consumption between baseline and 12 months [