Complications
meningitis, cholesteatoma, hematoma, permanent disability
CHOLESTEATOMA, MENINGITIS, MINOR, FACIAL NERVE PARALYSIS, HEMATOMA, HANSEN, COMPLICATIONS
Incidence and degree of complications according to the following categories:
Device failure, which is classified into hard or soft failure using standardized criteria described in the 2005 Cochlear Implant Soft Failures Consensus Development Conference Statement [Major and minor complications according to the proposal of Hansen et al. [◦Major: a significant medical problem (e.g., meningitis), additional major surgery (e.g., cholesteatoma surgery or reimplantation due to a patient-related problem), explantation of the device for any reason other than device-related failure, any degree of permanent disability (e.g., facial nerve paralysis)◦Minor: complications leading to extended hospitalization or treatment on an outpatient basis, complications settling spontaneously or by conservative medical treatment, and complications managed by a minor surgical procedure (e.g., simple hematoma aspiration by syringe).