3.4. Blood Pressure
KIDNEY
At 11 years of age, children fed with the higher-protein formula had a higher systolic blood pressure percentile compared with the other two groups, but this difference was not statistically significant if we applied Bonferroni correction (higher protein vs. lower protein In our cohort, at 11 years of age, protein ingestion during the first year of life did not have a significant effect on BMI at 11 years in the multivariate analysis, so BMI cannot be considered a mediator of the effect of early protein ingestion on blood pressure at 11 years. Kidney volume at 6 months of age was significantly associated with protein ingestion during the first year of life. In the mediation analysis, the protein supply had a statistically significant indirect effect on SBP at 11 years, partially mediated by kidney volume at 6 months (