Introduction
cataract, IOL
CATARACT, BILATERAL CATARACTS, LENS, IOL
Crystalline lens extraction with implantation of a multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) has been shown to be a safe and efficacious option to provide a complete visual restoration in patients undergoing cataract surgery [Some studies have shown that the visual function can be improved in patients implanted with multifocal IOLs by performing a well-oriented visual training program, suggesting the potential benefit of this approach for promoting or accelerating neuroadaptation [Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) is a safe and noninvasive technique that provides comprehensive and accurate data on brain anatomy, function and metabolism, making its incorporation into clinical studies highly recommended for assessing changes in functional connectivity produced by different therapies, including visual training [The aim of the current randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the efficacy of this new visual training program for improving the visual function and minimising the perception of visual disturbances in a relevant sample of patients undergoing bilateral cataract surgery with the implantation of trifocal diffractive IOLs.Furthermore, we aimed to assess functional and structural brain changes induced by therapy in these patients. On the one hand, a rs-fMRI substudy was performed on a small subsample of patients to confirm that the visual training program generated a differential impact on brain activity compared to the use of the placebo software. On the other hand, structural grey and white matter changes were assessed using morphometry parameters and diffusion MRI (dMRI) processing.