Statistical analyses
Data analysis was performed using the SPSS Statistical Software version 25.0 (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). All baseline and post-intervention data were shown as mean ± standard deviation (SD). For paired data and unpaired data that passed or did not pass the Shapiro-Wilk’s W test for normality, a Wilcoxon signed rank test and a Mann-Whitney rank sun test were performed for baseline variables. To determine the effect of intervention on body composition, muscular fitness and cardiorespiratory fitness changes, a mixed model 2-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) [2 times (pre and post) × 2 groups (HIIE and MICE)] was performed after checking for data normality (Shapiro-Wilk’s W test) and homoscedasticity (Levene’s test). When the interaction effect was significant, further analysis with Bonferroni post-hoc comparisons was applied. Percentage changes were also calculated and analyzed for further analysis. Additionally, Cohen’s 