Participants and study design
neurological abnormalities, epilepsy, intellectual disability, TD, ADHD, head trauma
ARACHNOID CYSTS, EPILEPSY
This study involves re-analysis of a previous published dataset [Thirty-four children with ADHD and 65 TD children were recruited at the University of Fukui Hospital, Japan. Figure During the second visit, within 1 to 6 weeks after the first visit, children with ADHD underwent a resting-state fMRI scan and performed the continuous performance task (CPT) after they took the second medicine: children who took OROS-MPH at the first visit took the placebo at the second visit under double-blind randomly assigned conditions, and vice versa.TD children completed the same resting-state fMRI scan once without either OROS-MPH or placebo. Inclusion criteria for both groups included no contraindications for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) > 70 (to exclude participants with intellectual disability), no history of severe head trauma or neurological abnormalities (e.g. epilepsy, arachnoid cysts). To minimize the potential impact of sex differences, we included only male participants, consistent with previous ADHD imaging studies [