Introduction
muscle induced bodily movements
Throughout the lifespan, physical exercise, which is a planned, structured, and repetitive form of physical activity (= all muscle induced bodily movements, which leads to an increased energy expenditure) (Herold et al. The volume of the gray matter (GM) of the brain changes with age (Fjell and Walhovd However, most studies which have investigated the impact of a regular level of physical activity or physical exercise on brain structure and/or function have focused mostly on aerobic, anaerobic, and resistance training (Ai et al. Besides the assessment of volumetric measures, the measurement of sulcal measures can be useful. Lamont et al. (Nevertheless, the current state of research does not provide a sufficient amount of evidence to assess the influence of physical exercise including coordinative exercises on brain outcomes in young and middle-aged adults (Erickson et al. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate how 12 weeks of physical exercise breaks (PEBs) with coordinative exercises with a low training volume and a variety of juggling exercises performed at the workplace affects the brain structure in young and middle-aged adults. We hypothesized that the PEBs will lead to increases in the GM volume, and the surface-based brain metrics, especially in regions related to visuomotor tasks.