Background
CM
SPINAL DEGENERATION
Forward head posture (FHP) is a common condition where the head appears to be positioned in front of the vertical midline of the body. It causes an increased load on the cervical spine, which can lead to spinal degeneration [Given the main problems of FHP outlined above, a combination of treatment techniques is essential to effectively remedy these issues. Kendall et al. [SSE is comprised of a set of exercises used to restore the position, motor control, and movement pattern of the scapula to improve scapular stability [Of the several studies of the therapeutic techniques used for FHP, few studies have evaluated the effects of a combination of treatment techniques for individuals with FHP. Thus far, no studies have yet addressed the effects of the Combination of Traditional Thai massage, Scapular stabilization exercise, and Chest mobilization (CTSC), which comprise a group of interventions that can address all the main problems of subjects with FHP. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate the effects of the combination of TTM, SSE, and CM on FHA, FVC, and cervical range of motion (CROM) in participants with FHP.