Intervention group: Motivational interviewing
psychiatric, asthma
DISEASE, ASTHMA
The experimental group was randomly divided into three subgroups of 12 persons, and motivational interviewing was performed for each group according to the Miller and Rollnic by one of the researchers who had master of psychiatric nursing within 5 weekly sessions of 80–90 min. Parents of the adolescents were present at the meetings.The trainer explained the principles of motivational interviewing, for example, active listening to express empathy, evoking the counselee's autonomy for decision making, developing contrast between the counselees' intentions, present behaviour, and promoting their self‐efficacy. They were also explained about the duration of the sessions and were informed that they have 80–90 min for each session. In the sessions, patient‐centred communication techniques including open‐ended questions, providing affirmation, empathy, reflective listening and providing summaries were used. Also, adolescents were encouraged to participate actively and provide opinions in the group.Sessions focused on motivating the adolescent and exploring and resolving ambivalence about asthma medication adherence and disease management behaviours. For this purpose, we measured the independence and motivation of adolescents using worksheets, for example, we asked them to give a score on the motivation regarding adherence to medications and physician's recommendations on a scale of 0–10 (0 = no motivation at all and 10 = completely motivated). Then, with the guidance of the researcher, the adolescents explored the reasons for the answers (Why not chosen a lower grade? Or what would it take to get you up to a higher grade?)Then, adolescents were encouraged to verbalize potential benefits of following physician's recommendations and taking their medication (and the potential disadvantages of not following physician's recommendations and not taking their medication). Finally, when the adolescents declared their interest in change, they discussed about the change and the pattern of its creation (Table Conceptual framework of motivational interviewing sessions.