Implementation phase
This study was piloted in the operating rooms of 5 university hospitals affiliated with AJUMS from October 2022 to December 2022 (1 academic semester). At the beginning of the semester, second- and third-year nurse anesthesia students were randomly assigned to intervention (AGAH app) and control (paper logbook) groups. Then, the intervention and control groups were matched in terms of their demographic variables. Afterward, in a 2-hour meeting, both groups were separately taught to use their logbooks. Members of the intervention group installed the application on their smartphones, and participants in the control group received their paper logbooks. In another meeting, the clinical instructors were briefed on evaluating and providing feedback, and the supervising professors and department head were familiarized with their supervisory role. The AGAH app was completely consistent with the paper logbook in content and scoring instructions. Over 3 months, the participants in the intervention and control groups documented their skills in the application and the paper logbook, respectively. As soon as the academic semester ended, the logbooks of the control group were collected, and the user accounts of the intervention group members were deactivated in the AGAH app.