2.5. Nesa Non-Invasive Neuromodulation Protocol
dementia
ADVERSE EFFECTS, NEURODEGENERATION, DYSFUNCTION
The 10 NNG participants completed the protocol NESA [The non-invasive neuromodulation technique, NESA, is a non-invasive and easily transportable monitoring device, which emits low frequency microcurrents (1.3–14.28 Hz, depending on the program), low intensity (0.1–0.9 mA), and low voltage (±3 V) that are introduced into the distal nerve endings of the limbs by means of 24 electrodes (6 electrodes per limb, distributed between both wrists and ankles), producing a circulating bioelectric circuit in the body, for an estimated time to stimulate the autonomic nervous systems and enhance the recovery of those dysfunctional processes of the patient. In our case, dementia, it is known that there is a desynchrony in the wake–sleep cycle due to neurodegeneration, therefore, there is an alteration in the physiological processes of the circadian rhythm, this being a dysfunction in the segregation of melatonin, produced by the pineal gland [The NN protocol, administered by physiotherapists working in their respective centers, consisted of the distribution of 4 phases: The first phase was to avoid adverse effects, 3 sessions with program 1 (P1) 30 min, program 7 (P7) 15 min, and program (P8) 15 min. The second phase was to influence neuronal repolarization, 2 sessions with program 5 (P5) 30 min and P7 another 30 min. The third phase was to introduce the following, P5 15 min, P7 30 min, and P8 15 min. Finally, the fourth phase was to improve sleep quality, 12 sessions with P7 for 45 min and P8 15 min.The microcurrents emitted by the different programs used were symmetrical biphasic low frequency and limited intensity, and therefore imperceptible to the patient.