Data collection
After the voluntary participation of the patients included in the research had been secured, their descriptive characteristics were collected from the Patient Description Form. After that, they were given information on the use of the VAS and VISS. Each patients received two injections. All injections were given once a day and were administered each morning at 11:00. All injections were administered to the upper part of the right or left arm on the outer area by the same researcher. The reason for performing the injections was that the patients were in the surgical clinic, most had incisions in the abdominal area, and the nurses in the clinic preferred the upper arm as the injection area. Figure
