Study population
gastrointestinal motility, ileus
DIABETIC GASTROPARESIS, ILEUS, GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDER, GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX
The patients undergoing elective gynecologic surgery were admitted the day before surgery, and invited to participate in the study protocol. We enrolled adult patients between 18 and 70 years old with American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification I to Ⅲ who were scheduled for elective laparoscopic gynecologic surgery. We excluded patients with emergent conditions, body mass index (BMI) > 30, previous gastrointestinal surgery, gastrointestinal disorder (e.g., gastroesophageal reflux, diabetic gastroparesis, ileus), or current medication affecting gastrointestinal motility [