Discussion
obesity, atherosclerotic, overweight, fecal bile salts, hypertension
OBESITY, REGRESSION, OBESE, HYPERTENSION
It was identified for the first time, after data analysis using NMR and comparison with spectra from the HMDB database, significant highlights referring to the unique increase in the relative peaks areas of three different HDL metabolites (4.94 ppm; 1.28 ppm; 0. 88 ppm) and an α-glucose (4.90 ppm) and the reduction in the SBP, in overweight and obese normotensive women, after supplementation with mixed dietary fibers, and also identifying a reduction in the SBP and a reduction in choline metabolite (3.65 ppm) in the placebo group.Researchers observed that normotensive individuals with obesity have reduced levels of HDL-C (Bellot et al. Soluble fibers, also called viscous fibers, may reduce blood cholesterol through of fecal bile salts excretion and delayed and reduced absorption, but the effect of fiber on increasing HDL-C is not conclusive (Lioy et al. Based on the analyzes performed by Reynolds et al. (In this sense, this is the first molecular study in which a reduction in SBP and increase of the relative peak areas different HDL and α-glucose metabolites were observed in overweight and obese normotensive women who consumed mixed dietary fibers.High serum HDL-C, considering the upper limit of the reference range, is associated with good HDL quality and functionality (Cho, The quality of HDL-C refers to the morphology of HDL-C, such as size, shape, and number of particles and depends on the composition of HDL, in terms of apolipoproteins (apoA-I, apoA-II, apoC-III, serum amyloid A and α -synuclein), cholesterol, and triglycerides, and is also associated with the extent of HDL modification, such as glycation and oxidation, resulting in apoA-I multimerization, and aggregation leading to amyloidogenesis and often determining HDL functionality, which depends on activity of the attached antioxidant enzyme, such as the paraoxonase and cholesterol efflux activity (Cho, Conventional HDL functionality is regression, referent the removal of cholesterol from atherosclerotic lesions, and the removal of oxidized species in low-density lipoproteins (LDL) (Cho, As for the increase in the relative peak area of α-glucose metabolite (4.90 ppm), in conventional studies, according to Samra and Anderson (Therefore, further studies are needed to justify the increase found in the present study, that is, to examine whether this increase in the relative peak area of α-glucose metabolite was due to the expected metabolic signature in obesity (Htun et al. It is also highlighted in the present study that before the intervention, SBP was higher in G1 than in G2, but not statistically, as well as the amount of fiber usually consumed, before the study, was higher in G2 (20.63 ± 16.08) than in G1 (16.90 ± 5.71), but not statistically, which may have influenced the reduction in SBP in G2.Therefore, we can say, in the present study, that there was a reduction in SBP in overweight and obese normotensive women after ditary fiber supplementation, corroborating with the study of Fechine et al. (In the present study, regarding the significant effects of corn starch a placebo, reducing the values of SBP and choline metabolite, which may also likely have its origin in morbidity, in overweight and obese normotensive women, there is a need for emergency clarifying researches on these effects, in molecular nutrition. In this sense, Kaptchuk et al. (Strengths include the importance of the theme in preventing the development of hypertension in overweight and obese normotensive women, an unprecedented theme in literature, and status as the first study to observe an increase in the relative peaks area different HDL metabolites.As for the study’s limitations, the population under study consisted only of women. The effect of dietary fiber on BP reduction in men and different age groups should be confirmed in the future. The results encourage further studies including genetic aspects associated with metabolomics.