2.2. Patient Population
anorexia nervosa, allergies
LIVER FAILURE, CYSTIC FIBROSIS, TERMINAL ILLNESS, SECONDARY, PANCREATITIS, ALLERGIES
The inclusion criteria for the EFFORT study included a NRS score ≥ 3 points, age over 18 years, an expected length of hospital stay of ≥4 days and the informed consent of the patients. We had several exclusion criteria, including patients from the ICU or surgical patients, patients with anorexia nervosa, terminal illness, specific illnesses such as pancreatitis, and liver failure, as well as stem cell transplantation or cystic fibrosis. We also excluded patients with a previous history of gastric bypass surgery and patients that were not able to ingest oral nutrition or had ongoing nutritional support and/or allergies or contraindications for nutritional support. After giving informed consent, patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to the intervention group to receive individualized nutritional support or the control group to receive standard hospital food.For the present secondary analysis, 663 patients of the original EFFORT trial who received an abdominal, abdomino-pelvic or thoracic CT scan containing level T12 within 3 months of trial inclusion were eligible. Among these 663 patients, we also had 519 patients with available L3 scans that were used to compare results.