1. Introduction
psychiatric
SECONDARY
Background: Micronutrition in pregnancy is critical to impact not only fetal growth and development but also long-term physical and psychiatric health outcomes. Objective: Estimate micronutrient intake from food and dietary supplements in a diverse cohort of pregnant women and compare intake to the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs). Design: Secondary analysis of women enrolled in a multi-site clinical trial of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation who provided their dietary intake using the diet history questionnaire-II (The American College of Obstetricians & Gynecologists and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics recommend that women consume a prenatal multivitamin with folic acid and iron before and during pregnancy in combination with a healthy diet [Adding to the complexity is that the industry providing supplements in the United States (US) [It is important to know where micronutrient gaps exist so that clinical providers can best educate pregnant women about the food sources and dietary supplements they should consume in pregnancy. This information is also important for companies that manufacture prenatal supplements to better design and meet existing dietary micronutrient gaps as well as to ensure that supplement intake does not result in micronutrient intakes that exceed the tolerable upper limit (UL). Unfortunately, there is a paucity of recent information on micronutrient intake by US pregnant women. Bailey et al. [Our primary goals were to estimate the micronutrient intake from diet and supplements in a large cohort of US pregnant women, identify how all dietary supplements contribute to women achieving the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for nutrients in pregnancy, and determine if nutrient gaps exist. A secondary goal was to evaluate the relationship between demographic and social characteristics with prenatal dietary supplement use.