Materials and methods
intraoperative blood loss, patellae, ®
ADVERSE EVENTS, COMPLICATIONS, INTRAOPERATIVE BLOOD LOSS
A consecutive series of patients underwent primary TKA using one of three implant devices. The implants studied were 1) a dished, congruent CS device (Stryker Triathlon® CS), 2) a PS device (Stryker Triathlon® PS, Mahwah NJ), and an ultra-congruent device (Apex Knee, Corin Ltd., Raynham, MA). The participants who received the CS and PS devices were part of a prospective, randomized trial [Inclusion and exclusion criteriaAll participants were operated on by the same surgeon, the senior author, and their TKAs were performed using identical kinematic alignment surgical technique, medial parapatellar arthrotomy, measured resection, intramedullary femoral, extramedullary tibial alignment, and posterior referencing without computer-assisted orthopaedic surgery (CAOS). In all cases, a tourniquet was inflated to 300 mm Hg prior to skin incision and deflated prior to closure once the final components were cemented. All posterior cruciate ligaments (PCLs) were sacrificed, and patellae resurfaced. All devices were cemented, using a surface-cementing technique on the tibia and carbon-dioxide lavage [Participants were assessed preoperatively, and at 6 weeks, 6 months, 1 year, and annually, until a follow-up of 5 years was reached. Clinical assessments included Knee Society Score, SF-36 v2, Lower Extremity Activity Scale (LEAS), radiographic evaluation, surgical data (i.e., intraoperative blood loss, tourniquet time, and operative time), complications, and adverse events. The radiographic analysis included long-limb standing views obtained preoperatively, and at 6 weeks and 1 year postoperative. We measured the coronal plane knee axes using a long-axis goniometer with 1º measurement increments. We measured active range of motion of the knee with the patient in a sitting position, utilizing a large goniometer with 1º increments.
The first CS/PS participant was consented on July 28, 2008, and enrollment of the last participant was completed in September 2010