Sample sizes
The sample sizes calculated from the observational studies for the 5-year and 3-year trials are given in Fig. Top panels: mean sample sizes and inter-quartile range, as determined using the observational studies with smaller residual error variance; 5-year (left) and 3-year (right) trial. Bottom panel: sample sizes determined using mean covariance parameters estimated in the 5000 observational studies (or the true data generation parameters for steady decline trajectory) for a range of trial lengths. Note that the lines for late and early decline lie directly on top of each otherTop panels: mean sample sizes and inter-quartile range, for a 5-year (left) and 3-year trial (right) calculated using the observational studies, for the larger residual error variance. Bottom panel: sample sizes determined using mean covariance parameters estimated in the 5000 observational studies (or the true data generation parameters for steady decline trajectory) for a range of trial lengthsFigure The bottom panel of Fig. Figure 