Study design
PLATCOV is an ongoing, open-label, multicentre, phase 2, randomised, controlled, adaptive pharma- cometric platform trial running in Thailand, Brazil, Pakistan, and Laos.All patients received standard symptomatic treatment. The initial drugs studied were ivermectin, favipiravir, remdesivir, and the casirivimab–imdevimab monoclonal antibody cocktail. All these groups have now stopped, having reached the prespecified endpoints for efficacy or lack of efficacy. Additional groups (molnupiravir, ritonavir-boosted nirmatrelvir, fluoxetine, and the tixagevimab–cilgavimab monoclonal antibody cocktail) were introduced subsequently. The analysis reported here includes only patients from Thailand concurrently allocated to molnupiravir, ritonavir-boosted nirmatrelvir, or no study drug because the test drugs were unavailable at the other study sites. During this period, patients were also randomly assigned to the casirivimab–imdevimab monoclonal antibody cocktail (until Oct 20, 2022),PLATCOV is coordinated and monitored by the Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU) in Bangkok. The trial was overseen by a trial steering committee and was conducted according to Good Clinical Practice principles. In Thailand the trial was approved by the Faculty of Tropical Medicine Ethics Committee, Mahidol University, (reference TMEC 21-058) and by the Oxford University Tropical Research Ethics Committee (Oxford, UK; reference 24-21), and its results were reviewed regularly by a data and safety monitoring board. The protocol and statistical analysis plan are in the 