Plasma metabolite composition
The phenolics from bean hull bread rolls have a poor systemic availability. The PCA (
Plasma composition (over 4 h) following bean hull (orange) and control (blue) bread rolls consumption. (a) The PCA analysis of average postprandial plasma metabolites (The chronic consumption of bean hull bread rolls leads to a significant increase in plasma indole-3-propionic acid, a microbial metabolite of tryptophan. The composition of fasting plasma metabolites collected following the chronic consumption of study bread rolls for 3 d (days 1 to 4 – It was also observed that after consuming both bread rolls for 3 days, there was a significant increase of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl propionic acid, phenyl pyruvic acid, phenyl lactic acid in the day 4 plasma sample compared with the baseline (day 1), indicating a high microbial metabolism of tyrosine. In addition, enterolactone and secoisolariciresinol significantly increased following the consumption of bean hull and plain bread rolls on day 4 compared with the baseline (online Supplementary Table 