Introduction
NSCLC, death, tumor
TUMOR, METASTATIC NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER, NSCLC
Programmed death 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor-based immunotherapy in the first-line setting has significantly improved survival outcomes versus chemotherapy alone for patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) [Immune checkpoint inhibitors, nivolumab, a fully human PD-1 antibody, and ipilimumab, a fully human cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 antibody, have distinct but complementary mechanisms of action [Differences in treatment outcomes between Asian and non-Asian patients with NSCLC have been reported [It is therefore important to assess clinical outcomes in Japanese patients to better inform physicians of treatment options. Survival benefit with nivolumab plus ipilimumab across several tumor types has been reported in Asian populations, including Japanese patients [