Statistical Analysis
BWS
REGRESSION
Descriptive statistics were used to present self-reported demographic responses. We performed conditional logit regression to analyze the BWS questions because it is grounded in random utility theory and explains real-world choice behaviors.We also calculated individual best-minus-worst scores based on the difference between the number of times a factor was selected as the biggest barrier and the number of times it was selected as the smallest barrier. The range of scores was −4 to 4 as each phrase appeared equally in 4 of the 12 choice sets. We used best-minus-worst scores to examine variability in barrier ratings by estimating how often and how consistently each barrier was selected as the most or least important factor. For all analyses, we excluded respondents with missing or invalid choices. The answer to each block counted as 2 choices (biggest barrier and smallest barrier). Choices were designated as invalid if respondents chose more than 1 phrase as the biggest barrier or smallest barrier, if they chose the same phrase as the biggest barrier and smallest barrier, or if they did not choose a phrase as the biggest barrier or smallest barrier. All analyses were conducted using SAS version 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc).