1. Introduction
precancerous lesions, CRC, adenomatous polyps, inflammation, cancer, adenomatous polyp, dysplasia, carcinoma, colon cancer, high-grade dysplasia, adenoma, deaths
PRECANCEROUS LESIONS, CARCINOGENESIS, ADENOMATOUS POLYPS, INFLAMMATION, DISEASE, ADENOMATOUS POLYP, DYSPLASIA, CARCINOMA, COLON CANCER, CANCER, INSULIN RESISTANCE, ADENOMA, COLORECTAL CANCER
These authors contributed equally to this work.Colorectal cancer prevention is crucial for public health, given its high mortality rates, particularly in young adults. The early detection and treatment of precancerous lesions is key to preventing carcinogenesis progression. Natural compounds like curcumin and anthocyanins show promise in impeding adenomatous polyp progression in preclinical models. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II presurgical trial in 35 patients with adenomatous polyps to explore the biological effects of curcumin and anthocyanins on circulating biomarkers of inflammation and metabolism. No significant difference in biomarker changes by treatment arm was observed. However, the network analysis before treatment revealed inverse correlations between adiponectin and BMI and glycemia, as well as direct links between inflammatory biomarkers and leptin and BMI. In addition, a considerable inverse relationship between adiponectin and grade of dysplasia was detected after treatment (corr = −0.45). Finally, a significant increase in IL-6 at the end of treatment in subjects with high-grade dysplasia was also observed (Colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention plays a pivotal role in safeguarding public health and reducing the burden of this deadly disease. CRC, the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and the third most commonly diagnosed, often develops silently and progresses rapidly [The adenoma–carcinoma sequence is a well-recognized mechanism for CRC development [Circulating biomarkers play a pivotal role in understanding the intricate mechanisms underlying colon cancer development and progression. Metabolic biomarkers, such as glycemia, insulin, and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, provide insights into the metabolic dysregulation that can fuel cancer growth [The use of natural compounds for CRC prevention has gained significant attention in recent years due to their potential health benefits [In the present study, we aim to further enhance our understanding of the biological implications of curcumin and anthocyanin in patients with adenomatous polyps investigating circulating biomarkers related to inflammation and metabolism, thus improving valuable biological insights into their potential effects.