Bare actual endpoints assessment
blood loss, infection, tumor necrosis
TUMOR NECROSIS, PCT, BLOOD LOSS, INFECTION, SECONDARY
All clinical and imaging data and treatment were subjected to assessment by a masked independent diagnostic and assessment committee. This committee included two researchers who were trained before the start of the present research and did not engage in the clinical care of patients. The primary endpoints of this study were the overall duration of ICU/hospital stay and healthcare costs among patients belonging to the two groups. Additionally, we also evaluated the operation time, amount of blood loss during the operation, ICU length of stay, mechanical ventilation time, and 30-day all-cause mortality rate. The secondary endpoints included the following: (1) Inflammatory cytokine levels (pretherapy and posttreatment), including serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). (2) Serum infection marker levels, such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT).