Procedure (intervention)
respiratory abnormality, obstructive sleep apnea, respiratory abnormalities, apnea, SpOAll adverse
ADVERSE EVENTS, BLOOD, EVENTS, OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA
All patients underwent standard monitoring with continuous pulse oximetry. Blood pressure was monitored every 2.5 min for the first 15 min and then every 5 min, and clinical observation, including the Ramsay Sedation Scale, was performed every 5 min with electrocardiogram monitoring. Bispectral Index waveforms were also continuously recorded on the monitor. The information recorded on the monitor was later reviewed.The patients were sedated with propofol and fentanyl by an anesthesiologist-trained endoscopist, and the drug amount was appropriately adjusted according to the protocol for sedation during an invasive endoscopic procedure developed by the Anesthesiology Department of our hospital. When oxygen desaturation of SpOAll adverse events that occurred on day 1 after treatment were documented, and all serious adverse events within 1 week were also recorded, in addition to adverse events suspected of being related to the testing device.Following the procedure, the monitor records for both capnography and the nasal pressure monitor were reviewed by three physicians, including an expert on waveform analysis for the nasal pressure monitor. The incidence of oxygen desaturation below 95% or 90% was evaluated and compared with the existence of respiratory abnormalities and the type of respiratory abnormality based on the waveforms of the nasal pressure monitor and capnography at the point at which oxygen desaturation occurred. The respiratory abnormalities that occurred within 1 min before hypoxemic events were considered with reference to a previous report in which hypoxemic events could be delayed by 45–60 s after an apnea episode in patients with obstructive sleep apnea