2.3. Diet Protocol
CKD
For eight weeks, subjects were randomly assigned, using an automated randomization mechanism, to either the CKD or the RD group. Prior to the start of the trial, subjects were required to attend an obligatory diet consultation with a nutritionist, who gave them thorough instructions on accurately recording their dietary food intake. The DietSystem software was used to enter and evaluate all food record data (DietSystem App, DietSystem App, s.r.o., Brno, Czech Republic). Detailed directions on what items would work for both types of diets were supplied to each participant. Additionally, according to randomization, participants undergo either an 8-week low-carb diet plan or a meal plan for a reduction diet. Each participant’s total daily calorie intake was lowered by 500 kcal based on their lifestyle (individually determined based on somatotype, physical activity, type of work, etc.).Every week, a nutritionist checked on the participants’ overall diet compliance. Moreover, blood-hydroxybutyrate measurements at the completion of the research and twice-daily urinary ketone measures were used to assess adherence to CKD.