Introduction
cough, cardiogenic
SECONDARY
The most crucial consideration for anesthesia management in upper airway surgery is to maintain the patient's airway for optimal surgical exposure as well as to keep adequate ventilation and depth of anesthesia. Tubeless anesthesia provides an unobstructed surgical field, thus is more preferable in shared airway surgery. Before high-flow oxygen devices appeared, tubeless anesthesia was accomplished through either spontaneous breathing [Theoretically, THRIVE could facilitate carbon dioxide clearance through mechanisms such as dead space flushing and cardiogenic oscillations [To explore the effects of intraoperative THRIVE followed by mechanical ventilation through LM for post-anesthesia care on the quality of emergence from general anesthesia in patients undergoing shared airway surgery such as laryngoscopy, we designed this single-center randomized controlled trial. The primary outcome was the duration of post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) stay, and the secondary outcomes were the time to spontaneous respiration recovery, cough in PACU, and changes in perioperative vital signs.