Study design and participants
obesity, overweight
OBESITY
The present study was a RCT trial. All participants provided written informed consent prior to the study. The sample size was determined based on similar literature (The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) men or women aged 50-70 years; (2) fasting blood glucose (FBG)<6.1 mmol/L and normal glucose tolerance for NC group; (3) 6.1≤FBG ≤ 7 mmol/L and overweight or obesity (waist circumference≥85 cm for men, waist circumference≥80 cm for women) for DC and DEx group. The exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) patients with cardiovascular, musculoskeletal or other kinds of diseases; (2) participants have no highly active lifestyle.The daily physical activity and eating habits of all participants are strictly monitored by interviews every week. They were asked to maintain their routines without changing physical activity and eating habits. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shanghai University of Sport (Clinical Trials ChiCTR2100054684).