3.4. Increase of Bone Formation-Related Markers Expressions by Osteo-F in Mineralized Osteoblasts
Cells treated with a differentiation medium exhibited a significant increase in OC protein expression when compared with non-treated cells. Following co-treatment with 1, 10, and 100 μg/mL of Osteo-F in the presence of a differentiation medium, the expressions of OCs were markedly increased by 4.57%, 31.35%, and 130.69%, respectively, compared to non-treated mineralized cells (Differentiation medium exposure of osteoblastic cells induced a significant increase of bone formation-related factors, including bone sialoprotein-1 (BSP-1), BMP-2, and OPN by 1.93-, 1.72-, and 1.82-fold, respectively. There was a dose-dependent change in the BSP-1, BMP-2, and OPN expressions by the Osteo-F treatment in the mineralized SaOS-2 osteoblast cells (Furthermore, the increment rates of Runx2, Osterix, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were 1.72, 1.24, and 2.29-fold in the differentiated and mineralized cells compared to the non-treated cells. The treatment of Osteo-F at the 100 μg/mL concentration significantly increased the 2.90 and 1.47-fold protein expressions of Runx2 and Osterix. The ALP expressions in the 10 and 100 μg/mL Osteo-F-treated cells were increased by 2.53 and 2.97 times compared to the non-treated mineralized cells (