Introduction
postoperative pain, bleeding, Postoperative pain, hemorrhoids, hypertonus, hemorrhoid, tamponade, pain, trauma
BLEEDING, RECURRENCE, HEMORRHOIDS, HEMORRHOIDS, HEMORRHOID, COMPLICATION, SECONDARY, BACTERIAL INFECTIONS, DISEASES, COMPLICATIONS
Hemorrhoids are common and frequently occurring diseases in the clinical setting, and higher degree hemorrhoids require surgical treatment [For prolapsing hemorrhoids, excisional hemorrhoidectomy continues to be the treatment of choice with the lowest recurrence rate [Despite several advantages in surgical technique and perioperative management, most patients still consider hemorrhoidectomy to be a painful procedure [Postoperative pain is a common complication following hemorrhoidectomy, and its severity is influenced by the degree of surgical trauma, the type of anesthesia, any sphincter hypertonus that may be present, secondary bacterial infections, perioperative and postoperative pain management, and individual differences in pain sensitivity [Strong postoperative symptoms frequently prevent outpatient hemorrhoid surgery, lengthen inpatient stays in some circumstances, and occasionally result in emergency readmissions to the hospital because of unbearable discomfort [Numerous studies investigated different methods of reducing postoperative pain, such as altering the surgical technique [Higher satisfaction, earlier mobilization, quicker recovery, and fewer healthcare costs can all result from adequate pain treatment [Accordingly, it seems to be crucial not only to develop a pathway for optimal perioperative surgical and anesthesiologic modulation but also to be able to identify those patients at risk for intensified postoperative discomfort.Earlier, we reported the results from a multicenter, randomized clinical trial comparing the effects of placement of a tamponade dressing after hemorrhoidectomy on postoperative pain development and bleeding complications (The NoTamp study, DRKS00011590) [In the present study, we therefore reanalyzed our data to determine risk factors for the development of postoperative pain and confined health-related quality of life.