Data collection and outcome measures
death, Hypertensive disorders, proteinuria, a loss of fetus before 20, hypertension, end-organ dysfunction
ADVERSE EVENTS, RECRUITMENT, COMPLICATIONS, GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSION, SPONTANEOUS ABORTION, SPONTANEOUS ABORTION, HYPERTENSIVE DISORDER, ADVERSE EVENT, POST-PARTUM HEMORRHAGE, HYPERTENSIVE DISORDER, POST-PARTUM HEMORRHAGE, HYPERTENSION, PREECLAMPSIA
A total of 3200 pregnant women were randomized. Following recruitment and informed consent, a baseline survey was administered by a trained, local field staff member. The survey included questions about cooking behaviors, household characteristics, socioeconomic and demographic information, medical and obstetric history, physical activity, dietary diversity, and household food insecurity. The resting blood pressure of enrolled pregnant women was measured in triplicate; height and weight was measured in duplicate (The outcomes of spontaneous abortion, post-partum hemorrhage and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy were reported as adverse events. Spontaneous abortion (SAB) is defined as a loss of fetus before 20 weeks of gestation (calculated from gestational age at recruitment and confirmed by ultrasonography). Post-partum hemorrhage is defined as a loss of more than 500 ml to 1,000 ml of blood within the first 24 h following childbirth. The outcome of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy includes preeclampsia, defined as a new onset of hypertension and proteinuria or the new onset of hypertension and significant end-organ dysfunction with or without proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation or postpartum in a previously normotensive woman. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy also include cases of gestational hypertension defined as the new onset of hypertension (defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg) at ≥ 20 weeks of gestation. Participants reporting pre-existing hypertension were excluded from the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy outcomes analysis. Maternal mortality was reported as a serious adverse event defined as the death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy due to complications from pregnancy or childbirth but irrespective of the duration of the pregnancy.