3.2. Participants and Procedure
Between June 2018 and August 2019, 257 children participated in the study during their field trips to visit C2C. Parents provided informed consent and all data collection procedures were approved by our Institutional Review Board. In line with our pre-registered exclusion criteria, we excluded seven children for not reporting their pre- or post-volunteering happiness; an additional 11 children were excluded because their permission forms could not be verified. After removing these 18 participants, we were left with a final sample of 238 children (55% female; Upon arriving at the C2C Giving Factory, participants gave informed consent and reported their child’s gender. Afterward, participants received an orientation from C2C staff members to learn how to inspect, sort, and package donations and to learn more about the study. During the orientation, children were familiarized with a six-point scale used to rate feelings of happiness (see Participants were then randomly assigned to either one of two conditions: the Finally, participants were asked if they wanted to visit C2C again (yes or no), if they remembered the gender and age of their recipient, and if they knew someone like the child on their form (yes or no). The caregivers of pre-literate children read each of the last three questions to the participant and recorded the child’s initial response without additional prompts or questions.