Background
hyperalgesia, vomiting, nausea, pain
Hysteroscopy is traditionally performed under general anesthesia for pain management. Opioids are an essential part of anesthesia for their antinociceptive effects; however, they are associated with side effects, including altered mental status, hyperalgesia, nausea, and vomiting, which have a negative effect on patients’ experience [Opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) is a multimodal approach to inducing anesthesia without opioids. The drugs used for OFA include, among others, local anesthetics. Lidocaine is a local amide anesthetic that blocks sodium channels and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors [The use of OFA is highly controversial, with limited evidence on the potential benefits; one study showed severe side effects [