2.1. Participants
ORTHOPEDIC DISORDERS
Male adults (N = 16; age = 22 ± 3 years, height = 174 ± 7 cm, weight = 76 ± 14 kg) participated in this study. None of the participants reported illnesses or taking prescribed medications for cardiovascular, metabolic, or orthopedic disorders. Prior to the following intervention, we randomly assigned two different training regimens to left and right arms: one aiming to strengthen maximal strength (ST) and the other aiming to develop muscle size as well as maximal strength (COMB). We explained the purpose and methods of the study in detail and obtained the participants’ informed consent before they took part in the experiment. We conducted this study with the approval of the National Institute of Fitness and Sports, in Kanoya (No. 11−102).