Introduction
depression, Anxiety
DISORDERS
Modulation of the gut microbiota is a promising way of potentially improving health outcomes. However, cause-and-effect relationships between modulation of gut microbiota and specific health outcomes still remain unclear [Additionally, the International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics classes several compounds as prebiotic candidates including polyphenols, xylo-oligosaccharides, and human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), among others [Anxiety and depression are the 2 biggest mental health disorders recorded worldwide, costing health services in excess of 1 trillion USD per year [Within the gut, several genera and species of bacteria can produce several metabolites associated with cognitive state including several neurotransmitters such as γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), serotonin, and dopamine, as well as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate [To date, the ability of prebiotics to improve mood state is still unclear, with studies producing mixed results [