References
REFRACTIVE ERROR, AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION
Flow-chart of the AMD-Life study design. Inclusion and follow-up of study participants in each study arm. Three study arms test different strategies to stimulate and increase adherence to a healthy lifestyle. After 12 months, the study arms end, and a single follow-up moment at 24 months is scheduled for assessment of sustainability of lifestyle change.AMD-Life coaching model. The AMD-Life coaching model reflects an upwards spiral to learn from each relapse. Included in the model are: ‘the 3 questions’ at baseline to determine awareness, motivation, perseverance and discipline, and goal-setting; a model for Behavioral Change Technique (BCT), the transtheoretical model of change (determining of ambivalence/assessment of status), adapted with permission from Prochaska and DiClemente [Data collection in AMD-Life. All study participants have the same measurements, irrespective of the study arm. Abbreviations: RC, research center; AMD, age-related macular degeneration; VA, best-corrected visual acuity; RE, refractive error; MPOD, Macular Pigment Optical Density; IOP, intra-ocular pressure; FP, fundus photography; OCT, optical coherence tomography; OQ, online questionnaire; WHI-FA, Women’s Health Initiative Physical Activity Questionnaire; 389-FFQ, food frequency questionnaire; MeDiet, Mediterranean Diet Score; BMI, body mass index; DBS, dried blood spot.Mediterranean diet score instrument (MeDiet).Short questionnaire to assess adherence to the 16-point MeDiet. Abbreviations: LF, Lifestyle Form; incl., including; etc., et cetera; tbsp, tablespoon; g, gram; p/w, per week; p/d, per day; gl, glass.