2.2. Eligibility Criteria and Recruitment
periodontitis
PERIODONTITIS
Adult patients who needed extraction for maxillary nonmolar teeth, bounded by sound teeth, and were interested in participating in the study were screened for eligibility. The criteria for exclusion were as follows: (1) Patient diagnosed with periodontitis based on clinical and radiographic examination—clinical attachment loss was detected interdentally at two or more nonadjacent teeth, or the presence of clinical attachment loss (CAL) was ≥3 mm, associated with probing pocket depth (PPD) >3 mm buccally or orally, detectable at ≥2 teeth [During the screening visit, all patients signed informed consent before the clinical and tomographic examination, after informing them about the study's purpose, design, and timeline, with the foreseeable advantages and possible hazards associated with their participation.