Data analysis
pain
Statistical calculations were performed with SPSS software (SPSS 22.0 for Windows; SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). Descriptive statistics were used for the demographic and clinical data. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality tests were performed to determine the normal data distribution in each outcome. The pain score and total Thongprasom sign score between baseline and after the 1-month treatment were assessed using the paired t-test. The highest Thongprasom sign score, total OIDP percentage score, and performance scores of each daily activity between baseline and after the 1-month treatment were analyzed by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The differences in the highest Thongprasom sign score, total Thongprasom sign score, pain score and total OIDP percentage score between two groups of patients who reported no changes to moderately-improved and greatly-improved PGIC were tested using the Mann-Whitney U test. Pearson’s correlation was used to assess the relationship between the differences in the total OIDP percentage score, highest Thongprasom sign score, total Thongprasom sign score and pain score. The significance level was set at 