Limitations
There are some limitations in our study. Firstly, the number of subjects included in this trial. was small, and the number of subjects should be increased in subsequent studies with the inclusion of a placebo control group of healthy subjects for a baseline of vaginal microbiota in comparison with subjects with BV. Secondly, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing only represents the genus-level genome without providing any information on gene or protein expression, which would provide more functional information (M. T. 