Study desgin, area and population
This cross-sectional study was conducted at three Primary Health Care Centres (PHCCs) in the district of Marovoay in the Boeny region of Madagascar: PHCC of Antanambao-Andranolava (15°58′00″S, 46°41′00″E), PHCC of Ankazomborona (16°06′50″S, 46°45′24″E) and PHCC of Marovoay-Ville (16°06′40″S, 46°38′38″E). Available data from health districts do not allow the classic categorisation based on the degree of urbanisation [The study area has been selected due to their estimated prevalence of more than 50% of 