Limitations
Although a standardised checklist was used which closely resembled the long-used ETC assessment criteria for a pelvic binder application and found consensus of an expert ETC panel, it was not officially validated, nor evaluated for its reliability. Face validity of the checklist appeared high, as 96% of the candidates and all the instructors rated the assessment with the checklist as objective.The study results may not be generalisable to other technical skills, as effectiveness could be linked to skill complexity and specificity, and further evaluation is needed to confirm this.Finally, the results may not be applicable to the entire ETC population, as the study was only conducted in two countries, Belgium and England, which could limit the universality of the findings.