2.3.2. Vegan Diet
In phase 3, only plant-based food was allowed. All meat and dairy products, as well as any other animal-based products such as eggs or honey, were prohibited during the entire period. In addition, food in which animal products were used for production could not be used. If participants unintentionally consumed foods with ingredients of animal origin, they were not excluded from the study. Nevertheless, before the start of the third phase, the participants were instructed regarding the permitted foods (T1b). Furthermore, the participants could consult the nutrition coach at any time. During phase 3, the energy expenditure and macronutrient distribution were noted exclusively. The participants were not given any instructions to achieve the same consumption or macronutrient distribution as in phase 2. The sports nutritionist nevertheless checked the total number of calories and the macronutrient distribution weekly so that no deficiency symptoms could occur.