Outcome measurements
blood loss, postoperative nausea and vomiting, fatigue, pain
BLOOD LOSS, COMPLICATIONS
Our primary outcome parameters included inflammatory marker (CRP and IL-6) levels at 24, 48, and 72 h post-surgery in both groups. We evaluated patients' pain levels using the VAS score, and we recorded both the quantity of pain and the amount of analgesics (tramadol and meperidine hydrochloride) used to assess the analgesic effect. We monitored postoperative blood glucose fluctuations, the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting, and the quantity of antiemetic medication (metoclopramide and ondansetron) used. Secondary outcomes encompassed fatigue scale (ICFS) and Range of Motion (ROM), total blood loss (calculated using the Gross formula), transfusion rates, postoperative length of stay (LOS), postoperative haemoglobin, Hematocrit (HCT) and coagulation values, and complications.