Outcomes
metabolic syndrome, Vascular Injury Panel 2, inflammation
METABOLIC SYNDROME, SECONDARY, ADVERSE EVENT, INFLAMMATION
MetS-Z (metabolic syndrome severity z-score) was a prespecified secondary endpoint in the trial protocol [The participants were also scored on the traditional MetS factors according to the harmonized metabolic syndrome definition: Waist circumference > 94 cm (in males) and > 80 cm (in females), HDL-c < 1.0 mmol/L in males and < 1.3 mmol/L in females, triglycerides ≥ 1.7 mmol/L, fasting glucose ≥ 5.6 mmol/L, and systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 85 mmHg [The procedure for blood samples, anthropometric measurements, and blood pressure is reported in the protocol article of the trial [Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (Hologic, Discovery A) full-body scans were used to assess body composition in the fasting state. Fat mass, including android fat (an estimate of abdominal fat) and gynoid fat (an estimate of gluteofemoral fat), were determined by the scanner using APEX System Software Version 3.4.2; see Additional file The inflammation marker hsCRP was assessed using V-PLEX Vascular Injury Panel 2 (human) Kits (MDS MULTI-SPOT Assay System). Only complete data sets were analyzed (i.e., participants with a blood sample from all three visits) for hsCRP.Outcomes were obtained before the low-calorie diet (at week -8), after the low-calorie diet (week 0, at randomization), and at the end of the trial (week 52). Adverse events were registered at all visits and have previously been published [