2.5. Study Design, Assessments, and Study Outcomes
TG
This study used a prospective pre-test/post-test design. Both healthy (BMI ≤ 24.9 kg/mOver a span of ten consecutive days, study participants consumed During the initial screening, participants underwent interviews that included a comprehensive assessment of their medical and nutritional history, as well as measurements of weight, height, and BMI. Vital signs such as blood pressure and pulse rate were also assessed.Fasting blood samples were collected using three different types of tubes: heparin-coated, EDTA-coated, and sodium fluoride/potassium oxalate-coated tubes. These samples were then centrifuged (20 min, 3000 rpm, 4 °C) and stored at −80 °C until further analysis. All parameters were assessed using the UniCel DXCLiver and kidney function tests involved the assessment of parameters alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum albumin (sAlb), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), total bilirubin (BT) and direct bilirubin (BD), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum creatinine (sCr). Lipid profiles, including TG, TC, and HDL, were measured using the Beckman Coulter™ analyzer (UniCel DXCGeneral hematology parameters were also measured, such as white blood cell (WBC) count, red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Ht), and platelet (Plt) count.