Participants
asthma
METABOLIC DISEASE, HYPERTENSION, ASTHMA, CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved and reviewed by the Institutional Review Board of Landseed International Hospital (Taoyuan, Taiwan; LSHIRB number 20-037-A2). The trial is first registered with clinicaltrials.gov as NCT05586295 (09/12/2022). Sixteen male and sixteen female healthy adult non-athletes aged 20-30 were included. Exclusions were made based on smoking, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, body mass index (BMI) >27, metabolic disease, asthma and sports injury (nerve, muscle, bone). After a detailed explanation of all the risks and benefits of the experimental procedure, the consenting participants signed the informed consent form in person before starting the experiment. Subjects were required to cooperate by maintaining a normal diet during the experiment and not taking nutritional supplements such as alcohol or vitamin-B-related products. The participant flow chart was shown on 