Introduction
diabetes, pain, blood glucose fluctuations, Diabetes
ADVERSE REACTIONS, DISEASE, DIABETES, TYPE 2 DIABETES, DIABETES
Diabetes has become a global and serious social health problem. At present, there are about 425 million adults with diabetes worldwide, and it is estimated that by 2045, this number will grow to 629 million (Patients with early-onset type 2 diabetes are more likely to use insulin to lower blood sugar, regardless of initial intensive insulin therapy or as the disease progresses, with the decline of pancreatic β-cell function. However, in the course of insulin therapy, problems such as pain, discomfort, fear, and adverse reactions caused by traditional needle injections will affect the acceptance and compliance of insulin therapy, and adversely affect the blood sugar control and quality of life of patients (Various researchers have conducted related studies to explore the differences in pharmacokinetics and clinical efficacy between needle-free injection of insulin and traditional subcutaneous injection (The instantaneous scanning glucose monitoring system (flash glucose monitoring, FGM), uses advanced sensor-based technology whereby glucose data can be obtained through scanning. It is a tool for continuously recording 14-day blood glucose values ​​and predicting the trend of blood glucose fluctuations, which can be used to evaluate and adopt treatment strategies to reduce blood glucose fluctuations (