Intervention
muscle contraction
The intervention group received FES therapy of at least 30 min five times per week. A trained physiotherapist performed the FES therapy and assessments. The following measurements were performed under FES treatment: gait training, balance exercises, and strength exercises while standing and walking, including staircase walking. Groups A and B received the same standard therapies: physiotherapy, resistance training therapy and treadmill therapy. The muscle contraction force elicited by FES was adjusted by setting the amplitude, duration, frequency and waveform of the electrical stimulation signal. Each parameter was set individually depending on the gait parameter quality (Table FES stimulation parameters* (Bioness L300 Go)14 patients/quick fit2 patients/steering13 patients/quick fit2 patients/steering*Values are given as the mean values with standard deviations