Statement of Significance
insomnia
Numerous wearable devices measure sleep, but few provide feedback tailored to individuals with insomnia. Appropriate feedback is particularly important when sensor-based sleep measurements differ from individuals’ self-report assessment of sleep, which is frequent in insomnia. This adequately powered, randomized-controlled trial found that compared to sleep hygiene and education, providing monitoring and feedback about wearable sensor-based sleep with support for interpretation of sleep–wake state discrepancy improved insomnia symptoms and reduced sleep disturbance in individuals with insomnia. However, these effects were modest, and benefits to other aspects of sleep experiences were limited. These findings call for further research into better understanding sleep–wake state discrepancy in insomnia and into uncovering new approaches to supplement current insomnia treatment.