3.1. Study Population
bradycardia, hypothermia, hypotension
Ninety patients were assessed for eligibility, and 16 patients were excluded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria or refused to participate. Seventy-four patients were randomly assigned to each group, and four patients were lost to follow-up due to conversion to open surgery or a long duration of surgery. Finally, 70 patients were included in the analyses, as shown in the CONSORT flow diagram (No significant differences in age, ASA physical status, total fluid administered, duration of anesthesia, duration of surgery, hypotension, or bradycardia were observed between the two groups. The incidence of perioperative hypothermia (