Introduction
ALK-positive ALCL, death, tumor, CD30-positive PTCL, PTCL, heterogeneous disease, tumors
PERIPHERAL T-CELL LYMPHOMA, TUMOR, B-CELL LYMPHOMA, LYMPHOID NEOPLASM, TUMORS, CLASSIC HODGKIN LYMPHOMA
Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a highly heterogeneous disease that is classified into 27 distinct subtypes according to the 2016 World Health Organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms (Compared with B-cell lymphoma, most subtypes of PTCL have a worse prognosis, except for ALK-positive ALCL. Currently, the conventional first-line therapy for PTCL is CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) or CHOP-like regimens. The ECHELON-2 trial has demonstrated that the addition of brentuximab vedotin, a CD30-directed antibody-drug conjugate, to the first-line therapy significantly improves survival in patients with CD30-positive PTCL (Over the past few years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have made great advances in oncology. The use of anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) has shown remarkable efficacy in tumors, especially in r/r classic Hodgkin lymphoma, with an objective response rate (ORR) of approximately 70% (Apatinib is a novel small-molecule vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that blocks downstream signal transduction by highly selective competition for ATP-binding sites, resulting in strongly inhibited angiogenesis in tumor tissue (