Data analysis
twitch
Three participants did not pass the TMS screen, and for two participants, clear MEPs could not be determined at 100% of maximal stimulator output. Therefore, these individuals did not undertake the TMS phase of the experiment and MEP data are only presented for 15 participants. Three participants could not withstand the discomfort of the peripheral nerve stimulation and completed the neuromuscular function assessment but without electrical stimulation. Therefore, voluntary activation, potentiated twitch force, and neuromuscular function EMG data contain only 17 datasets. All other variables include data from all 20 participants. A sensitivity analysis was performed post hoc, showing that we could detect medium effect sizes; ES > 0.68, ES > 0.63, ES > 0.58 with 80% statistical power, and Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS (IBM; Armonk, New York). To increase the accuracy of each measurement, the mean of the first and second presentation of each condition was analysed. Sphericity was assessed using Mauchly’s Test of Sphericity. Significant differences between conditions were assessed using a one-way repeated-measures ANOVA, with Greenhouse–Geisser adjustment where appropriate. Following a significant outcome, Bonferroni post hoc tests determined which conditions were significantly different. Data within the text are presented as mean difference ± 95% confidence interval (mean ∆ ± 95% CI) alongside Cohens d effect sizes (ES).In addition to differences between conditions, differences between the first and second presentation of each condition were assessed using paired t tests to determine the existence of order effects. For variables with significant order effects, the first presentation of each condition and the second presentation of each condition were analysed separately using a one-way repeated-measures ANOVA and the post hoc tests previously described. For all analysis, 