Outcome measures
depression/anxiety disorder, LBP, pain
DISORDERS
The primary outcome was LBP experienced over the past four weeks as measured on the NRS, ranging from 0 (no pain at all) to 10 points (worst pain imaginable) [The following items were measured at baseline to compare baseline characteristics and job status between the intervention and control groups. For general characteristics, sex, age, height, weight, and smoking status were collected. For LBP-related medical history and psychosocial information, history of medical examination for LBP, presence of LBP in the past year, depression/anxiety disorder, and FAB were collected. Depression/anxiety disorders were classified based on a score of ≤4 points (no mental health problems) or ≥5 points (mental health problems) on the K6 [