Group 3 (EDDY)
1 mL 5.25% NaOCl was introduced into each root canal for 30 s and an EDDY tip of a size (25/0.04 taper) attached to the airscaler (AS2000, NSK, Nakanishi, Tochigi-ken, Japan) was inserted to 1 mm from the working length to activate the irrigant for 30 s with 2 mm up & down amplitude in each root canal.In all groups, irrigation was done using a 30-gauge side-vented needle (Steri irrigation tips 30 G, DiaDent Group International, Canada). All samples received a final rinse of 2 mL saline (1 mL in each root canal). Then canals were dried with paper points (Coltène/Whaledent AG, Switzerland). After final irrigation, post-activation images (ITo assess the improvement in anastomosis cleanliness after activation, the difference in percentage of cleanliness before and after activation was calculated by the following equation [While Total isthmus cleanliness of each root was calculated as an average of the three levels (2, 4 and 6).