Participants
stroke, gait deficits
STROKE

Individuals with stroke were enrolled into the study with the following inclusion criteria: stroke onset greater than 6 months (chronic phase), a score of 23 or greater in the Mini Mental State Exam, able to walk independently for 6 min, observable gait deficits, and neutral ankle dorsiflexion during standing. Individuals were excluded if they had physical, neurological, or medical co-morbidities that impair walking ability or if their comfortable walking speeds were faster than 1.0 m/s. Informed consent was obtained prior to study participation. All study procedures were approved by the Harvard University Institutional Review Board, which oversaw research activities conducted at both Harvard and Boston University.