References
high-density lipoprotein
Flowchart of participant selection.Changes in (Changes in the number of fecal bifidobacteria in the placebo and active groups during the study period. Values are expressed as the sum of the mean ± standard error values of each species.Nutritional details of the test drinks.The active drink contained 2.0 g inulin and 1.0 × 10Baseline characteristics of the participants (placebo group: All data are presented as the mean (standard deviation). Comparisons of value between placebo and active groups were tested by analysis of variance. HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein. * The compliance rate of test sample intake is shown excluding participants who dropped out.Dietary composition during the treatment period.All data are presented as the mean (standard deviation). * Changes in abdominal fat area by CT scan during the treatment period.All data are presented as the mean (standard error). * Changes in anthropometric parameters during the treatment period.All data are presented as the mean (standard error). * Changes in plasma biochemistry parameters during the treatment period.All data are presented as the mean (standard error). HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein. * Changes in the number of fecal bifidobacterial during the treatment period.All data are presented as the mean (standard error) of common logarithms of the number of bacteria per 1 g feces. The detection limit of quantitative PCR was 2.0 × 10Association of changes over time in body composition and metabolic parameters with changes in bifidobacteria.All data are presented as the mean (standard error). Data were generated by applying analysis of variance to a mixed linear model. BMI, body mass index; VFA, visceral fat area.