Resilience
cardiovascular and respiratory diseases
Resilience for patients with cardiovascular and respiratory diseases was designed by Ebadi et al. in 2016. This scale has 29 items with 5 subscales in the dimensions of positive adjustment (10 questions), self-management dimension (7 questions), rational empowerment dimension (7 questions), treatment adherence dimension (3 questions), and spirituality dimension (2 questions). This questionnaire is also scored based on a 5-point Likert scale (strongly disagree = 1, disagree = 2, neutral = 3, agree = 4, strongly agree = 5). The scores range from 29 to 145, so the higher the score, the more positive the patient’s resilience. Cronbach alpha coefficient for the whole questionnaire was 0.96. Also, the intra-class correlation coefficient was 0.95, based on the result of the re-test. The psychometrics of the questionnaire was assessed using face and content validity, internal consistency, and stability. The findings showed that the resilience questionnaire for patients with cardiovascular and respiratory diseases (Ebadi 2016) was valid and had a high level of reliability [