Study’s design and population
knee pain
OSTEOPHYTES, CREPITUS
This was a two-arm, assessor-blind pilot RCT performed between early July 2021 and early March 2022. The study was approved by the ethical committees of the Sport Sciences Research Institute (IR.SSRC.REC.1400.033) and prospectively registered at Participants were recruited through flyers in physical therapy clinics, social media, and adverts. Based on the inclusion criteria, eligible participants were enrolled to participate in the study. Of 92 enrolled participants, 54 met the criteria to enter the study. Participants were eligible to participate if they: were Persian-native speakers males and females complained of knee pain diagnosed as chronic tibiofemoral joint OA (> 3 months). The American College of Rheumatology classification system, with 91% sensitive and 86% specific, was used for a diagnosis of tibiofemoral joint OA if a person has knee pain and osteophytes confirmed by radiography with the following conditions: experiencing stiffness for less than 30 min in the morning, having crepitus, and being older than 50 years of age [