Outcomes
pleural effusion, pneumonia, wound infection, atelectasis, sepsis, acute kidney injury
PULMONARY EMBOLISM, PLEURAL EFFUSION, PNEUMONIA, PNEUMOTHORAX, RESPIRATORY FAILURE, WOUND INFECTION, ATELECTASIS, COMPLICATIONS, PULMONARY CONGESTION, SECONDARY, SEPSIS, ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME, BRONCHOSPASM
As previously reported in our primary trial, the primary outcome for this analysis was the incidence of a composite of PPCs, defined as present if any component developed within the first 7 days after surgery. These complications included pneumonia, bronchospasm, atelectasis, pulmonary congestion, respiratory failure, pleural effusion or pneumothorax, or unplanned requirement for postoperative mechanical ventilation, continuous positive airway pressure or non-invasive or invasive ventilation (see eTable The secondary outcomes were 1) incidence of PPCs during hospital stay, 2) incidence of pulmonary embolism, 3) incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome, 4) incidence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome, 5) incidence of sepsis, 6) incidence of acute kidney injury, 7) incidence of wound infection (superficial or deep), 8) rate of intraoperative need for vasopressor, 9) incidence of unplanned intensive care unit (ICU) admission, 10) rate of need for rapid response team call, 11) length of stay in ICU, 12) hospital length of stay and 13) incidence of in-hospital mortality (see eTable 