Patient exclusion criteria.
MCSL
To ensure equal distribution of participants across intervention groups during the study, a block of 4 randomization approach with a 1:1 allocation ratio was employed. The randomization process was conducted using a computer-generated random number sequence, which was managed by the study biostatistician. Patients undergoing right IJVC were randomly assigned to receive either MCSL or OA-IP. Follow-up was conducted for a duration of 3 days.Opaque envelopes were used to maintain allocation concealment. Considering the unique aspects of block randomization, our randomization plan was developed by statistical experts. The detailed randomization method was not disclosed to the operators and outcome assessors. The random allocation plan was securely maintained by statistical experts, and unblinding occurred only after the completion of experimental and statistical analyses. Because of the specificity of the puncture procedure, patients and investigators were not blinded to group assignment. Data monitors and statistical analysts were blinded in this study. Prior to the completion of data analysis, only the enrollment numbers of subjects were recorded, and the group names were replaced with A or B.