In vivo clinical LSS-DRS measurements in the bile duct
ADVERSE EVENTS, PATHOLOGY
In vivo clinical LSS-DRS measurements were performed during ERCP procedures in 29 subjects. During the procedures, the patients were positioned on an X-ray table, lying on their side. An endoscope was inserted into the duodenum and a video-feed is transmitted to a screen located above the X-ray table. To allow easier examination, the stomach and duodenum were inflated by pumping air through the endoscope. When the duodenal papilla was located, a sphincterotome, which is a curved catheter with a cutting wire on its top, was inserted through the working channel of the endoscope and guided through the papillary opening (Fig. Overall, three to five spectra were obtained from each biopsy site before biopsy collection. After that, three to six biopsies per subject were collected from different locations of the bile duct. Three to ten spectra were obtained in the subjects where only brush cytology was collected. The approximate size of the spectroscopic collection site, which is 100 μm to 200 μm, was similar to the microscopic field of view employed for reaching the pathology based diagnosis. No adverse events were noted.