Intervention
In the intervention group, women underwent systematic screening for BV via analysis of their self-collected vaginal samples. In case of BV detection, a treatment was prescribed within a maximum of 24 to 48 hours after detection. Treatment consisted of azithromycin, 1 g, repeated after 48 hours, or 2 g of amoxicillin per day for 7 days. Women with BV returned vaginal control self-swabs after 15 days and each month until 28 weeks’ gestation. Each patient with a positive test result had a total of 4 self-collected vaginal samples (eFigure in 