All patients
Of the 59 patients, 45 were in the low LF/HF ratio group and 14 were in the high LF/HF ratio group. Vasoactive drugs were required in 10 patients (22.2%) in the low LF/HF ratio group and in five patients (35.7%) in the high LF/HF ratio group, and it was not statistically significant (P = 0.483). The hemodynamic data showed no significant differences between the two groups (Table 
Subgroup analysis according to LF/HF ratio: Hemodynamic dataLow ratio(n = 24)High ratio(n = 6)Low ratio(n = 21)High ratio(n = 8)Values are median [interquartile range]Low ratio, LF/HF ratio ≤ 2.3; high ratio, LF/HF ratio > 2.3D group, dexmedetomidine group; P group, propofol groupHR, heart rate; SBP, systolic blood pressure; MBP, mean blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressureT0, baseline; T1, 10 min after spinal anesthesia; T2, 10 min after sedation; T3, 20 min after sedation