Introduction
cancer pain, non-malignant chronic pain, pain, chronic pain, non-cancer pain
CHRONIC PAIN
Chronic pain is defined as persistent pain with a duration of more than three months. Persistent pain can be malignant, also known as cancer pain, or it can be non-malignant or non-cancer pain [Both medical and non-medical treatment is used to manage pain. People with non-malignant chronic pain rarely have a long-term effect of medications, e.g., weak, or strong opioids, as opioids-tolerance may lead to increased dosage followed by unwanted side effects. Non-opioid drugs like paracetamol or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) might be helpful, but paracetamol alone is often not enough to achieve pain relief and NSAIDs have several side effects. Since it is difficult to achieve total recovery from chronic pain [Much research has been done on non-pharmacological interventions’ effect on people with chronic pain. A recent systematic review showed that non-pharmacological interventions, such as self-management programs, effectively improved physical function and reduced pain among people with chronic pain [Studies using qualitative and mixed methods designs to gather in-depth knowledge to better understand how interventions contribute to change within their contexts are warranted [