Attenuated gene perturbation after infection in ViTT recipients compared with other groups: time series analysis.
typhoid infection, TD, typhoid fever, typhoid
TYPHOID FEVER, TYPHOID
Next, a time series analysis was performed on all TD participants for the post-challenge time points. Both ViPS- and ViTT-vaccinated participants had a sizable set of genes (120 and 401, respectively) that showed different trends across the time points following challenge compared with the control group (Despite the fact that both Vi vaccine groups revealed 9 clusters of significant genes of genes with significant expression profile differences, only 2 clusters (clusters 3 and 4) showed more distinct trends in ViPS-vaccinated participants compared with the ViTT-vaccinated and control groups. Three other clusters showed the same direction of change for both Vi vaccines compared with the control group (clusters 1, 7, and 8) (Both Vi vaccine groups responded differently to typhoid infection compared with the control group: ViPS and ViTT recipients share 78 genes that were significantly differentially expressed, whereas 42 and 323 genes were uniquely differentially expressed in the ViPS group and ViTT group, respectively (Further analysis performed on the clinical data around typhoid diagnosis showed that ViTT recipients had lower median C-reactive protein (CRP) levels after diagnosis of typhoid fever (