2.1. Study Design
FOP
This randomized double-blind parallel-group trial evaluated the impact of nutritional labeling on university students aged >20 years. All participants were asked to look at 15 dietary images and choose three meals from those images for breakfast, lunch, and dinner the following day. In addition, participants were randomly assigned to the TLF-nutrition-labeling (intervention) or no-TLF-nutrition-labeling (control) group. In the intervention group, the TLF labels were displayed on the FOP of dietary images, whereas in the control group, foods without the TLF labeling on the dietary images were selected in the same way as in the intervention group. We then compared the proportion of people who were conscious regarding healthy eating between the two groups based on the presence or absence of nutrition labels on the foods they chose.All students agreed to participate in the study, and informed consent was obtained from all participants online before starting the survey. The study protocols were approved by the Ethics Committee of Hoshi University (Approval number: 2021-14).