Interventions
pain
STRETCHES
All participants participated in 12 supervised 90-min exercise sessions; three times a week consisting of 15-min warm-up plus lower limb stretches, 60-min of an ES-based protocol based on the Wii Fit or conventional protocol, 15-min lower limb stretches, and a cool-down period. The patients had the same warm-up schedule in both groups that consisted of a 10-min jogging warm-up program on a treadmill (Technogym, Italy) with 5-min gentle stretches of quadriceps, hamstring, hip adductor, and calf (3–5 stretches/muscle group; hold 30-s). Prior to the exercise-therapy, the patients in the Wii group were asked to read the instructions and the safety guidelines of the console. In the first, fourth, seventh, and tenth sessions, the ES progressed the Wii Fit program for each participant after analyzing their outcomes. The exercise programs for patients in the CL group included the following:Static exercises for quadriceps, hamstring, gluteal muscles, and SLR.Closed chain exercises (wall sit, mini squat, and leg press).Hip muscles strengthening exercises.Proprioceptive exercises.Walking and jogging on a treadmill.Before the exercise therapy, all participants received High TENS (Combined BTL-4825S Topline, UK) for 20-min. Also, all participants were asked to avoid taking pain killer one week before and during the intervention to unify the participants' medications. Acetaminophen was only prescribed with a maximum dose of 2g daily if they experienced pain.