The microbiome mediates the diet’s effect
We conducted mediation analyses to determine whether the microbiome mediated the dietary interventions effect on glycemic, metabolic and immune measurements. To this end, we took all of the significantly changed features in each group and conducted a mediation analysis between the change in diet (predictor), the microbial species (mediator) and the outcome, adjusted for baseline age, sex and body mass index (BMI).In the PPT group, four gut species mediated the effect of the diet (proteins, fibers, vitamin C, cholesterol, potassium and calcium) on the glycemic measurements of time above 140 and %HbA1c (