4. Discussion
stroke, hypertensive
STROKE, HEART
The major findings from the current study are the following: (1) Rowing exercise training increased oxygen uptake, stroke volume and cardiac output at the peak of the cardiopulmonary exercise test in post-menopausal women; (2) Rowing training improved post-exercise heart rate recovery suggesting increased vagal reentry; (3) A diminished heart rate response and increased workload during rowing stepwise exercise were observed following rowing exercise training. Thus, post-menopausal women who underwent rowing training improved the specific work capacity of the exercise modality with better adjustments in heart rate response.VODespite the physiological declines attributed to aging, a physically inactive lifestyle also contributes to reduced cardiac function (and thus in VOThe practice of rowing can promote health benefits for the general population [Regarding cardiorespiratory fitness, rowing-trained older men showed greater VOFrom our results, rowing training is a feasible modality to enhance VOResults from previous studies suggested that low-volume high-intensity interval training provoked a rapid improvement in VOIn the current study, maximal heart rate did not change in both experimental and control groups, as observed by others [In older hypertensive women, a walking aerobic training program (12 weeks) accentuated the decrement in heart rate after a treadmill cardiopulmonary exercise test [Heart rate recovery is also associated with the measurements of 24 h heart rate variability in older men [The aging process reduces heart rate responses during light [Lastly, our data showed an increment in absolute workload reached at the last stage of the rowing stepwise exercise post-training in the experimental compared to the control group, with a lower heart rate response to the increased workload. These findings suggest improvements in the specific work capacity for the exercise mode (rowing) with a lower cardiac demand (heart rate) by rowing training in post-menopausal women.