Statistical analyses
weight loss
Statistical considerations for the overall study have been previously reported. The analyses in BWL subgroups were exploratory and not powered for formal hypothesis testing, and therefore no The effect of early BWL on OS was assessed by univariate and multivariate analyses performed using Cox’s proportional hazards model. For univariate analyses, weight loss change at the end of cycle 1 (< 3% vs ≥ 3% BWL) was used as the only covariate. The multivariate analyses adjusted for baseline prognostic factors identified in the original intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis. These factors included the stratification factors (region, ECOG status, prior ramucirumab), age (< 65 vs ≥ 65 years), number of prior regimens (≤ 2 vs ≥ 3), number of metastatic sites (1–2 vs ≥ 3), histology subtype (intestinal vs diffused, mixed or unknown) and HER2 status at baseline (negative vs positive/not done) [