Study measurements
Pain, vomiting, pain, dizziness, Wong-Baker, agitation, nausea,
ADVERSE EVENTS, RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION, TSS
Pain intensity was assessed using the Wong-Baker Scale combined with a visual analogue scale (VAS, a 10-point scale with 0 indicating no pain and 10 indicating the worst imaginable pain). Pain evaluations were performed at 4 time points: 2 h (T1), 8 h (T2), 24 h (T3) and 48 h (T4) after surgery.Sleep quality on the first night after surgery and the second night after surgery was evaluated using the Subjective Sleep Quality Value (SSQV), a scale ranging from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better sleep quality.In addition, preoperative Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Total Symptom Score (TSS), recovery time (duration from entry into PACU to tracheal extubation), vital signs right after tracheal extubation, adverse events including respiratory depression (pulse oximetry < 90%), dizziness, nausea, vomiting and agitation, and the incidence of rescue analgesic use were also recorded.