Methods
MH, PVD
DETACHMENT, OPTIC NERVE, SEPARATION, PVD, MACULAR HOLE
This prospective, interventional case-series study examined consecutive patients scheduled for pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) at the Department of Ophthalmology, Catholic University of Sacred-Heart Foundation All the patients had no PVD, according to OCT, were affected by a macular hole (MH) and were scheduled for PPV. The included types of PDV were absent PVD (stage 0), paramacular PVD (stage 1), and vitreoretinal separation from part of the fovea with persistent attachment to the foveola (stage 2). Candidates were excluded if they were beyond stage 3, had entire macular detachment with continuing to the optic nerve, or had complete PVD [All clinical procedures were conducted according to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The protocol used was approved by the local ethics review board. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients prior to the procedure. The surgeries in the Kaminari Kagura group were performed by T.C., and the surgeries in the control group were performed by two expert surgeons (S.R. and A.B.). Statistical analysis was performed using STATA software version 15.1 (StataCorp. College Station, TX). An unpaired t-test was used to compare the mean values. The significance level was set at 