Outcomes
Headache, pains, headache
Our primary outcome was headache-related quality of life measured using the Headache Impact Test (HIT)-6 at 12 monthsWe collected data on total headache days, average duration of headache, and headache severity from participants weekly for 6 months and then monthly, starting from the initial eligibility call to ensure we had prerandomization baseline data. Participants could report these outcomes either using a smartphone app or diary records.At baseline, we collected basic demographic data, including ethnicity (White, Black or Black British, Asian or Asian British, Mixed, and other ethnic group), self-identified gender (male, female, other, and prefer not to say), and data on the troublesomeness of any other bodily pains.To show a difference of 2.0 on the HIT-6 at 12 months with an SD of 6.87, 90% power, an intracluster correlation of 0.01, and an average cluster size of 10 in the intervention group required data on 523 participants (253 control, 270 self-management; allocation ratio, 1:1.07).