Discussion
and back spine posture, kyphosis, COVID-19 disease
ASTHMA, SEVERE PERSISTENT ASTHMA, COMPLICATIONS, CHRONIC RESPIRATORY DISEASE
In our study on the elderly with a history of COVID-19 disease, the results revealed significant differences in postural (i.e., craniovertebral angle and thoracic kyphosis curve) and respiratory capacity (FEV1, FEV1/FVC, SPO2) between the experimental (performing corrective and breathing exercises) and the control group. Also, the Craniovertebral angle and the SPO2 showed a large effect size while the effect size of FEV1 was a moderate level.In this regard, head and back spine posture and respiratory capacity parameters significantly improved in subjects performing eight weeks of corrective and breathing exercises compared to the control group. In line with these findings, in the study of Gad et alTherefore, prolonged and chronic respiratory diseases, such as asthma, can induce contractile changes or muscle imbalances in the neck and shoulder. Compared to healthy people, patients with mild or severe persistent asthma maintain their head and shoulders more forward and show a lower level in the chest wall, internal shoulder rotation, and spine flexibility [Also, the tendency to adopt a bent posture (head forward and hyper kyphosis) is particularly common in old patients, which leads to undesired structural and functional changes, impaired performance of motor skills, and reduced adaptation of the patient to the environment [Therefore, corrective exercises in combination with posture correction training can reduce these complications and improve the volume, chest expansion, and pulmonary function as well. In line with this result, Jang et al