1. Introduction
T1D, diabetes [Carbohydrate intake, HC, CVD
LIPEMIA, CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, CVD, TYPE 1 DIABETES, DIABETIC COMPLICATIONS, BLOOD, COMPLICATIONS
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of four isocaloric meals with different macronutrient compositions on postprandial blood glucose, lipids, and glucagon in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Seventeen subjects tested four isocaloric meals in a randomized crossover design. The meal compositions were as follows: high-carbohydrate (HC); high-carbohydrate with extra fiber (HC-fiber); low-carbohydrate high-protein (HP); and low-carbohydrate high-fat (HF). Blood glucose and lipid measurements were collected up to 4 h and glucagon up to 3 h postprandially. Mean postprandial glucose excursions were lower after the HP compared to the HC (Postprandial glycemia is an important determinant of long-term glycemic control (HbA1c) and is independently associated with the risk of developing complications, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), in people with diabetes [Carbohydrate intake affects postprandial glucose levels more than any other dietary component/factor [Postprandial lipemia is also independently associated with the risk of developing CVD and diabetic complications [The aim of this study was to investigate how four isocaloric meals with different macronutrient compositions affect postprandial blood glucose, lipid, and glucagon levels in adults with T1D. We also investigated the effect of the same meals in a control group of healthy subjects as well as the differences between the two groups.