Conclusion
cancer, T2D
CANCER, DNA DAMAGE
The habitual consumption of the bean hull bread rolls could potentially provide some benefits against T2D due to the increased production of indole-3-propionic acid, and against cancer, by reducing the production of putrescine and deoxycholic acid, which can cause DNA damage. Bean hull fortified bread rolls could be utilised as a source of fibre in the diet and contribute to the daily micronutrient requirements. However, further food formulation work is necessary to improve the bean hulls’ phytochemicals systemic bioavailability and increase its fibre microbial fermentation in healthy adults.