Study design
rapid-eye movement sleep, sleep-related disorders, and reduced sleep efficiency
SLEEP APNEA, RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME
The study followed a randomized, placebo-controlled, order-balanced, double-blind, cross-over design. Two experimental nights (GHB vs. placebo) were separated by a washout phase of 7 days. Prior to definitive enrollment into the study, all participants underwent a polysomnographic examination in the sleep laboratory of the Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology of the University of Zurich to exclude sleep-related disorders such as sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome, sleep onset rapid-eye movement sleep and reduced sleep efficiency (< 80%). To allow for habituation to the sleep laboratory setting, each experimental night was preceded by an adaptation night. Apart from the here presented post-sleep fMRI resting-state networks (RSN) results, GHB effects on sleep neurophysiology (