Outcomes
depression, depressive, anxiety
SECONDARY
The primary outcome was maternal psychological distress, including symptoms of depression, anxiety, and pregnancy-related anxiety. We assessed depression and anxiety using the EPDS [The EPDS comprises 10 items, with responses ranging from 0 to 3. Higher total scores indicate more depressive symptoms. An EPDS score of 9 is recommended for screening for depression in postpartum Chinese women [The secondary outcomes were infant neuropsychological development, including temperament and developmental behaviors. We assessed infant temperament at 6 weeks post partum using the Early Infancy Temperament Questionnaire [