1.6. Music Therapy
agitation, pain
Music therapy in the treatment of pain has evaluated the impact of music listening, which has largely included the use of recorded music. Studies have measured stress hormones, SIGA and oxytocin. The majority of studies in the medical literature within the past decade have not always assessed the impact of live music. Furthermore, clinical trials conducted amongst patients have not taken into account patient-preference, nor the analysis and characterization of the music used (e.g., the specific music “prescription”) [In a study of the implementation of live music on agitation in the ICU, patients in the music group did not require any additional sedation with propofol, whereas controls sometimes required propofol to allow sufficient patient–ventilator coordination [Music therapy is an increasingly recognized intervention in addressing the needs of patients who are approaching the end of life. Music’s transient qualities have served patients in sleep and sedation [Studies addressing music therapy in hospital contexts have shown it to be effective in various stages of care, with the vast majority of studies incorporating “relaxing” music and specific protocols to address symptom management [