3.1. In Vitro Study
perforations
The mean procedure time for the conventional technique was 35:03 ± 6:11 min (mean ± SD), compared to 21:41 ± 4:31 min for the Xin1 technique. This total time reduction of 38% when using Xin1 was statistically significant (The number of fluoroscopic images was on average 30.3 ± 5.7 (mean ± SD) with the conventional technique and 10.8 ± 2.5 images with Xin1. This reduction of 64% when using the Xin1 system was statistically significant (In each study group 48 screws were placed. Two joint perforations occurred in the conventional groups, while in the Xin1 group no perforations were observed. The mean tip–joint distance (TJD) was 5.8 ± 2.6 mm (mean ± SD) with the conventional technique, and 5.1 ± 1.3 mm when using Xin1 (