Statistical analysis
The microbial diversity of individual samples was assessed by the alpha diversity index using the R package MicrobiotaProcess (v 1.2.2), and statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Wilcoxon signed rank test. Beta diversity was determined as the distance between the microbial communities based on the Weighted UniFrac distance. The distances were visualised using principal coordinate analysis (PCoA). Differences based on beta diversity among the groups were calculated using the R package vegan (v 2.5-7) with Anosim, Mrpp, Adonis, and Amova. A two-sided 