Discussion
cough, coughs, respiratory agitation, head movements
PHYSICAL STRESS, BLIND
Early and smooth endotracheal extubation benefits patients undergoing craniotomy for postoperative care. No respiratory agitation and stable hemodynamics during emergence from anesthesia indicate minimal or no physical stress [Although deep extubation reduces laryngeal reflexes and cough during emergence from anesthesia [Forty one percent of patients in ETT Group experienced mild coughs during the study period, most of which never caused rigorous head movements. The incidences of snore (78%) and oxygen desaturation (SpOThere was no significant difference regarding blood pressures between the two groups through emergence from anesthesia till 30 min after Time Zero. However, heart rate rose more obviously in ETT Group, and higher enough to reach a significant difference from that in LMA Group at 10 min after Time Zero. The difference of hemodynamic changes should be explained by more airway interventions worked on the patients in ETT Group.This study is subject to some limitations. First, this was a single blind study, and all procedures were accomplished by the same physician, so personal biases could be inherited. Second, airway interventions, including use of nasal airway, chin lift and jaw thrust, may influence the readings of arterial blood gas. Third, intracranial pressure always concerns us most in patients after brain surgeries. However, there was no intracranial pressure monitor to offer us the direct data in the study.