Introduction
brachial plexus block, ®, pain
In the setting of brachial plexus block for elective surgery, anesthetizing the local tissues is common for reducing this kind of pain intensity during the needle insertion process [To the best of our knowledge, there are no published studies on the use of ShotBlocker® for intradermal needle insertion and injection pain relief. This study aimed to clarify whether a compressing device with projections may reduce the pain intensity associated with intradermal insertion and injection without advancing into deeper layers. However, this common device is still not available in China; therefore, we designed a three-dimensional (3D)-printed U-shaped ultraviolet (UV)-curable resin disk to confirm this hypothesis.