Results
Of 96 patients screened, 7 were initially excluded for switching to a treatment other than OCR after JCV seroconversion (5 to fingolimod and 2 to rituximab). Of the remaining 89 patients, 67 were included in the study. Of these, 40 continued treatment with NTZ (60%), and 27 changed to OCR (40%) (Fig. Flowchart for patient inclusionAll patients in the JCV + OCR arm started the new therapy after 2019. The median washout time from NTZ discontinuation to the first OCR infusion was 94 days (IQR 85–101). The demographic and clinical baseline data are shown in Table Baseline characteristics of each groupTime to first relapse from the STRm and OCR initiation was not significantly different between groups (0.75 ± 0.42 years since STRm and 2.58 years since OCR initiation for the JCV + OCR arm, versus 1.53 ± 0.51 years for the JCV-NTZ arm; p75, Kaplan–Meier surveillance since STRm for both arms of treatmentKaplan–Meier surveillance since OCR initiation (for the JCV + OCR arm) or STRm (for the JCV-NTZ arm)Endpoint variables for each groupIn multivariate analysis, no statistically significant association was found between the time to first relapse and the previously mentioned variables.