Surgical procedure
infection, pain
INFECTION
After raising a minimally invasive full‐thickness flap under local anesthesia (articaine 4% with epinephrine 1:100000), an independent assessor opened the randomization sealed opaque envelope, and the assigned treatment was revealed to the surgeon. Test and control sites were prepared with the same final diameter for insertion of two identical implants (4.1 × 8 mm or 4.1 × 10 mm Volution, i‐Res) during the same intervention. Selected implants present double‐threaded conical shape, moderately rough surface treatment, platform‐switched internal connection and machined implant neck.Test sites were prepared using osseodensification burs (Densah, Versah) at 1200 rpm in the following sequence: (I) pilot (clockwise); (II) WT1828 (counterclockwise), and (III) WT2838 (counterclockwise). These burs have a cutting chisel edge, a tapered shank and non‐cutting edges with four or more lands with a negative rake angle (Figure Osseodensification drills (Densah, Versah) were used at 1200 rpm in the following sequence: from left to right (I) pilot (clockwise); (II) WT1828 (counterclockwise), and (III) WT2838 (counterclockwise).Piezoelectric tips (Piezomed, W&H) were used in the following sequence: from left to right (I) I1; (II) I2P; (III) Z25P; (IV) I3P, and (V) Z35P.Sutures were removed 7 days after surgery. A blinded assessor measured ISQ following the previously described protocol at 7, 14, 21, 28, 60, and 90 days. Implants were evaluated at every visit for mobility, pain and signs of infection. At 4 months, implants were restored with screw‐retained single metal‐ceramic crowns and followed up for at least for 12 months after prosthetic loading.