Participants
aphthous, rheumatologic, gastrointestinal, renal diseases
MINOR, IRON-DEFICIENCY ANEMIA
This randomized controlled trial was conducted at the School of Dentistry of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, involving 60 adult patients (above 18 years old) diagnosed with minor aphthous lesions by two board-certified oral medicine specialists using the WHO index. This study complied with the ethical principles outlined by the Ethical Committee of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, with approval granted under the ethical code IR.SUMS.DENTAL.REC.1398.103 and clinical trial code IRCT20110428006322N2 (date of registration: 17/10/2019). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants before their inclusion in the study.Inclusion criteria included patients between 18 and 50 years old, without any systemic medication use in the past six months, presence of 1 to 3 simultaneous lesions, no more than one day since the appearance of the lesion, and no history of rheumatologic, gastrointestinal, renal diseases, or iron-deficiency anemia. Exclusion criteria were pregnancy and lack of cooperation. Participants were asked to abstain from consuming sources of probiotics, including yogurt and dietary supplements, throughout the duration of the study.Using stratified block randomization, participants were randomly divided into two groups, the control group, and the probiotic group. The study was double-blinded, with neither the examiner nor the patients aware of the medication. The medication was distributed to each patient by an assistant according to the randomization blocks, and the assistant also provided instructions on how to use the assigned medication.