Participants
CPD, stroke, skin allergies, seizures
STROKE, MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE, STOMACH ULCERS
Eligibility criteria were being aged ≥21 years, being a daily cigarette smoker (≥5 CPD) for the previous 12 months, having plans to quit smoking in the next 30 days, being a resident of the United States, being able to read and comprehend English, owning and using a smartphone compatible with the study app (iPhone 5 and above with operating system iOS 12 and above or Android 7.0 and above with operating system Android 7.0 and above), having daily internet access on smartphone, and self-reporting comfort with downloading and using smartphone apps.Exclusion criteria were pregnancy (self-reported); health contraindications to NRT use (irregular heartbeat, high blood pressure not controlled with medication, myocardial infarction or stroke within the last 2 months, breastfeeding, skin allergies to adhesive tape or serious skin problems, stomach ulcers, and history of seizures); use of other smoking cessation support, including apps or actively taking medication to quit smoking; daily marijuana use; residence with another study participant; an immediate family member being a study participant; failure to provide contact information or verify email address; and participation in a previous study sponsored by Pivot Health Technologies Inc (formerly Carrot Inc).