Outcome measures
BEND
CMJ, SJ, and DJ tests were administered indoors using the SmartJump wireless portable jump test mat, which consists of a wireless mobile device terminal and a SmartJump vertical jump mat. The jumping test mat analyzes the jumping motion by pressure sensing. All the tests required participants to place their arms around their waist and not bend their hips and knees during the lift-off process. For the CMJ, participants kept their torso as immobile as possible while simply completing a coherent and rapid squat jump to the maximum height. For the SJ, participants listened to the experimenter’s command; after the participants hear “squat,” they perform a half squat; the experimenter says “1, 2,” and then “jump,” and the participants quickly jump to their maximum height. For the DJ, participants stepped off a box (height, 30 cm) with their preferred leg, landed on the floor with both feet, and immediately jumped as high as possible. Participants were instructed to jump to the highest height as fast as possible. The CMJ, SJ, and DJ were performed three times with 20-s rests between each jump, with the highest jump (in centimeters), eccentric utilization ratio (CMJ’s jump height (in centimeters)/SJ’s jump height (in centimeters)), and reactive strength index (jump height (in meters)/contact time (in seconds)) used for analysis.