Statistical analysis
visceral pain
SECONDARY
The data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0, and the figures were created by GraphPad Prism 9.0. All analyses were based on the intention-to-treat (ITT) principle. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was used to analyze continuous outcomes to judge the normality of their distributions. Normally distributed continuous variables were summarized as the mean value ± standard deviation and were compared using independent t tests. Skewed continuous variables were summarized as the median value and interquartile range and were compared using the Mann–Whitney U test. As appropriate, categorical variables were summarized as the number and percentage and compared using the chi-square or Fisher’s exact test. The primary endpoint was the incidence of visceral pain in the recovery room, and the chi-square test was used to compare the differences between the two groups. The risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals were reported for the primary and secondary outcomes. MAP, HR, RR, and SpO