Trial design and subject recruitment.
diabetes, cancer, kidney disease, mental illness, hyperlipidemia
DIABETES, GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASES, DISEASES, HYPERLIPIDEMIA
This study was a 3-month randomized controlled double-blind trial. A total of 112 patients with hyperlipidemia were recruited. All patients were recruited by the Inner Mongolia People's Hospital and Inner Mongolia Agricultural University. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (i) male or female aged between 18 and 65 with diagnostic criteria for hyperlipidemia; and (ii) willingness to commit throughout the trial. In contrast, the exclusion criteria were as follows: (i) a history of major diseases, such as cancer, kidney disease, gastrointestinal diseases, mental illness, or type I diabetes; (ii) takin antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, and immunosuppressive agents within 1 month before the intervention or during the intervention; (iii) irregular eating habits during the intervention and follow-up period; and (iv) failure to collect stool and blood samples twice. Forty-three subjects were excluded after the first round of screening; sixty-nine patients were randomly assigned to probiotic (