Procedures
dysphagia, bleeding, oesophageal ESD, fever, upper gastrointestinal endoscope, chest pain, perforation, ulcer
DYSPHAGIA, BLEEDING, ULCER
In the control group, participants only underwent a standard oesophageal ESD procedure, whereas those from the experimental group underwent application of this new gel after oesophageal ESD. ESD was performed by experienced endoscopists at each participating institution. For the ESD procedure, an upper gastrointestinal endoscope (GIF-Q260J Endoscope, Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) and a dual knife (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) were used. The lesion was marked using dots, created by a dual knife. The lesion was lifted by injection into the submucosal layer by a solution stained using indigo carmine, and then submucosal dissection was performed.Hangzhou Yingjian Bioscience & Technology Co., Ltd provided the protective gel for free. This gel consists of colloidal and fixative solutions. The colloidal solution contains poloxamers, sodium alginate, and beta-glucan, whereas the fixative solution consists of calcium chloride. In the experimental group, after oesophageal ESD, the colloidal solution was first spread onto the ulcer, followed by the fixative solution.Following ESD, participants were instructed to report any discomfort, such as fever, chest pain, or dysphagia, on post-ESD days 1, 14, and 30. A repeat endoscopy was performed, during the 2-week follow-up, to confirm resection site healing, assess gel status, and detect any delayed bleeding, perforation, or dysphagia (Fig. Study design. Participants were randomly divided into the control and experimental groups at a 1:1 ratio. In the control group, participants only underwent a standard oesophageal ESD procedure, whereas those from the experimental group underwent application of the gel after oesophageal ESD. A repeat endoscopy was performed, during the 2-week follow-up. Participants were instructed to report any discomfort on post-ESD days 1, 14, and 30. ESD, endoscopic submucosal dissection.