Immunological features associated with clinical outcomes
To determine whether baseline and/or on-treatment immune parameters were associated with achieving a cCR or with metastasis-free survival or overall survival, additional exploratory analyses were pursued. PD-L1 immunohistochemical staining (22C3 antibody clone) of baseline TURBT specimens was completed in a central laboratory. A higher PD-L1 combined positive score was associated with a higher cCR rate, although the relationship between higher PD-L1 expression and longer metastasis-free survival or overall survival did not achieve statistical significance (Extended Data Fig. 