RESULTS
fatigue, pain
There was no significant difference between the demographic data of the groups before the application (Table Demographic data of groups.
Abbreviations: BS, bilateral stimulation; BSS, bilateral sham stimulation; SD, standard deviation, US, unilateral stimulation.In the evaluation made after VSS application on all days and at the 24th hour after the application, the fatigue values of the US and BS groups decreased significantly compared to the bilateral sham stimulation (BSS) group. In addition, the fatigue values of the BS group decreased significantly compared to the US group in the evaluation made after the 2nd and 4th day VSS application and at the 24th hour after the 2nd day application. Considering the changes within the group after the vagus application, fatigue values decreased significantly in all groups on all days (Table Comparison of intragroup, intergroup, and differences in fatigue and pain parameters.




Abbreviations: BS, bilateral stimulation; BSS, bilateral sham stimulation; SD, standard deviation, US, unilateral stimulation.*The pain scores of the BS group decreased significantly compared to the US and BSS groups in the evaluation made after the 1st, 3rd, and 4th day VSS application and at the 24th hour after the 3rd day application. In the evaluation made after the 2nd day VSS application and at the 24th hour after the 1st day/2nd day application, the pain scores of the US and BS groups decreased significantly compared to the BSS group, whereas the pain scores of the BS group decreased significantly compared to the US group. Considering the changes within the group after the VSS application, pain scores decreased significantly in all groups on all days (Table The difference in the numerical fatigue value among the 1st day, the 2nd measurement, and the 3rd measurement shows a statistically significant difference between the groups. The largest decrease among the 1st day, 2nd, and 3rd measurement was seen in the BS group (After the VSS application, the lactic acid values of the BS group decreased significantly compared to the US and BSS groups. However, there was no significant difference between the other groups and in the evaluation made at the 24th hour after the application. Considering the intragroup changes in the evaluation made after the VSS application and at the 24th hour after the application, lactic acid values decreased significantly in all groups. No significant difference was found in the distance parameter in both between‐ and in‐group analyses (Table Comparison of intragroup, intergroup, and differences in lactic acid level and distance parameters.
Abbreviations: BS, bilateral stimulation; BSS, bilateral sham stimulation; SD, standard deviation, US, unilateral stimulation.*Lactic acid values were compared between groups by taking the differences between the 2nd and 3rd measurements and the 3rd and 4th measurements and are shown in Table The differences between the 2nd and 3rd measurements and the 3rd and 4th measurements of distance values show significant differences according to the groups (RMSSD and PNN50 values of the BS group increased significantly compared to the US and BSS groups in the evaluation made after the VSS application and at the 24th hour after the VSS application. In addition, after the VSS application, the RMSSD and PNN50 values of the US group increased significantly compared to the BSS group (Table Comparison of intragroup, intergroup, and differences of parameters of the autonomic nervous system.
Abbreviations: BS, bilateral stimulation; BSS, bilateral sham stimulation; SD, standard deviation, US, unilateral stimulation.*After the VSS application, the high frequency (HF) values of the BS and US groups increased significantly compared to the BSS group. In addition, the HF values of the BS group increased significantly compared to the US group. In the evaluation made at the 24th hour after the VSS application, the HF values of the BS group increased significantly compared to the BSS group. However, no significant difference was found between the other groups (Table Considering the intragroup changes in the evaluation made after the VSS application and at the 24th hour after the VSS application, RMSSD, PNN50, and HF values increased significantly in all groups. After the VSS application, the LF values of the BS and BSS groups decreased significantly compared to the US group. However, there was no significant difference between the other groups and in the evaluation made at the 24th hour after the VSS application (Table In the evaluation made after the VSS application and at the 24th hour after the VSS application, the LF/HF ratio values of the BS and US groups decreased significantly compared to the BSS group. In addition, the LF/HF ratio values of the BS group were significantly lower than the US group. Considering the intragroup changes in the evaluation made after the VSS application and at the 24th hour after the application, LF and LF/HF ratio values decreased significantly in all groups (Table The differences in RMSSD values between the 2nd and 3rd measurements and the 3rd and 4th measurements show significant differences according to the groups (After VSS application on all days, the pulse and systolic pressure values of the US and BS groups decreased significantly compared to the BSS group. On all days, the heart rate and systolic pressure values of the BS group (except the 1st day) were significantly lower than the US group. In addition, diastolic pressure values of the BS group decreased significantly compared to the BSS group after VSS application on all days (Table Comparison of intragroup, intergroup, and differences in blood pressure and pulse parameters.

Abbreviations: BS, bilateral stimulation; BSS, bilateral sham stimulation; SD, standard deviation, US, unilateral stimulation.*In the evaluation made at the 24th hour after the 1st day VSS application, the pulse values of the BS group were significantly lower than the BSS group. However, there was no significant difference between the other groups and in the 2nd day/3rd/4th day evaluation (Table Considering the changes within the group after the VSS application, pulse and systolic/diastolic pressure values decreased significantly in all groups on all days (Table The difference between the pulse value on the 1st day, the 2nd measurement, and the 3rd measurement shows a statistically significant difference between the groups. The largest decrease among the 1st day, 2nd, and 3rd measurement was seen in the BS group (The difference in systolic blood pressure value between the 2nd and the 3rd measurements on the 1st day shows a statistically significant difference between the groups. The largest decrease among the 1st day, 2nd, and 3rd measurement was seen in the BS group (The difference in diastolic blood pressure value between the 2nd and 3rd measurements on the 1st day shows a statistically significant difference between the groups. The largest decrease among the 1st day, 2nd, and 3rd measurement was seen in the BS group (