Conclusions
In this SMART clinical trial, offering a referral program to MTM along with TLC for patients continuing to smoke did not offer additional benefit. This trial supports the feasibility and use of integrating longitudinal tobacco cessation care into the LCS setting. Long-term smoking abstinence rates for longitudinal care are higher than abstinence rates observed in shorter interventions and indicate the value of taking a longitudinal or chronic care approach to tobacco cessation. Findings also show that patients undergoing LCS who smoke accept TLC, as evidenced by their completion of a relatively large number of calls over a year-long period. Health systems should consider integrating longitudinal tobacco cessation care into the LCS setting.