Outcomes
Anxiety, anxiety, Pain, shoulder pain, pain
DISORDER, SECONDARY
Primary and secondary outcomes were collected at baseline, 4, and 8 weeks in the form of electronic self-reported questionnaires through Castor EDC (except for engagement metrics). Study participants received a stipend of US $75 after completing the study.The primary outcome was the change in function and symptoms measured through the short-form of Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire (QuickDASH) between baseline and 8 weeks [Secondary outcomes comprised:Self-reported pain level: 11-point Numerical Pain Rating Scale for average pain experienced in the past 7 days, and the worst and least pain experienced in the past 24 hours (0: no pain and 10: worst pain imaginable).Intention to undergo surgery: “On a scale of 0 to 10, where 0 is not at all and 10 is extremely interested, how interested are you in undergoing shoulder surgery in the next 12 months?”Analgesic consumption: “Are you taking any medication for your shoulder pain? Yes/No”; and opioid consumption: “If yes, are you taking opioids for your shoulder pain? Yes/No.” Opioid dosage was not systematically recorded across the entire study.Mental health: Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7; range 0-21) to assess anxiety [Engagement: assessed through (1) treatment dosage (ie, total time spent on exercise sessions in minutes); (2) adherence to exercise sessions; and (3) dropout rates. These data were automatically collected by the tablet app in the digital PT and manually recorded by the physical therapist in the CG. Additionally, the number of educational and CBT content pieces consulted and the number of contacts were automatically collected by the mobile app or email in the digital PT or manually recorded by the physical therapist in the CG.Patient satisfaction: “On a scale from 0 to 10, how likely is it that you would recommend this intervention to a friend or neighbor?”