Subjective Well-Being and Mental Health State
calmness, Anxiety, PVT: psychomotor vigilance
SECONDARY
As a secondary outcome, we evaluated the effect of the intervention on subjective well-being. Participants scored their subjective well-being using 5 categories: alertness, happiness, energy, physical health, and calmness. Participants were asked to rate their subjective well-being on a scale of 0 to 100 as part of their morning and evening daily surveys. Other questions in the daily survey included activities and habits (eg, alcohol and caffeine intake). The 5 categories of well-being and other surveys were used in a prior study of well-being prediction [We also compared several validated questionnaires on mental health and burnout symptoms before and after the intervention (Intervention and measurement schedules. Well-being prediction and the activity and sleep chart was available to the participants every day, whereas sleep advice was provided 3 to 4 times a week. The participants answered the pre and postintervention questionnaires and daily morning and evening surveys. GHQ: General Health Questionnaire; JBS: Japan Burnout Score; PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; PVT: psychomotor vigilance test; STAI: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.