Anesthesia and postoperative management
PONV, re-sedation, postoperative nausea and vomiting
All perioperative management processes besides general anesthesia were similar between the two groups. In the remimazolam group, general anesthesia was induced via continuous infusion of remimazolam (ByFavo, Hana Pharmaceutical, Seoul, South Korea) at 6 mg.kgDuring the PACU stay, 50 μg of IV fentanyl was used as the first-line rescue analgesic and 30 mg of IV ketorolac was used as an alternative if patients complained of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). IV metoclopramide 10 mg was used as a rescue antiemetic in the PACU. PACU nurses, blinded to the group assignment, measured the modified Aldrete score at 5-min intervals and evaluated consciousness to identify re-sedation. Patients with modified Aldrete scores of 9 or higher were discharged to the ward [In the ward, 30 mg of IV ketorolac was used as the first-line rescue analgesic and 4 mg of IV ondansetron was used as a rescue antiemetic. The administration of rescue analgesic and antiemetic in the PACU and ward was determined by attending anesthesiologists or surgeons who were blinded to the group assignment. Oral ibuprofen 200 mg was routinely administered at 8-h intervals beginning on the morning of postoperative day 1.