Statistical analysis
REGRESSION
Categorical variables were described as frequency rates and percentages, and continuous variables were described using mean ± standard deviation (SD) values. Inferential statistics such as independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni post hoc test were used to examine the association of NDT, MD and MS and their dimensions’ mean scores with sociodemographic variables. Chi-square (χ2) or Fisher’s exact tests were used for comparing sociodemographic characteristics as categorical proportions with three groups of study. One-way ANCOVA (analysis of covariance) with repeated measures (RMANOVA) was used to assess the time trend and group interaction effects on the mean scores of NDT, MD and MS pre-and post-intervention in the three study groups. Both unadjusted and adjusted (adjusting for based on age group, gender, marital status, work experience, wards, shift work and overtime) repeated measures ANOVA were assessed. Multiple Bonferroni post hoc test was used to explore differences between pairwise groups in means of questionnaires scores. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression were used to evaluate the association of sociodemographic characteristic with the scores of moral reasoning, moral distress and moral sensitivity of 245 nurses. In addition, unadjusted and adjusted binary logistic regression analysis were used to assessed the association between three groups of study with the scores of moral reasoning, moral distress and moral sensitivity of 66 nurses after intervention. Associations in regression analysis were reported using the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals. (CI) GraphPad Prism 9© (GraphPad Software Inc., La Jolla, CA) was used for forest plot of logistic regression analysis to show the association of parameters. All analyses were conducted using SPSS software (ver.21) (SPSS Inc. IL, Chicago, USA) and in all analyses, a two-tailed P-value of < 0.05 was considered significant.