Background
The objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) [In France, as in many other countries, the first years of medical education are mainly dedicated to pre-clinical learning, without significative clinical or hospital exposure. Thus, OSCEs have initially been reserved for the clinical years of medical education that follow. However, such a pre-clinical/clinical dichotomy has recently been revised by several universities, paving the way for earlier implementation of OSCEs in the medical curriculum [We conducted a literature review on the use of formative OSCEs in pre-clinical years of the medical formation. A recent study conducted in the United Kingdom suggested that early OSCEs integrated in the 2We aimed to assess the effectiveness of an early formative OSCE program dedicated to pre-clinical medical students on subsequent performance compared to students following a standard teaching program.