Direct acyclic graphs, of the STYL experiment on antisocial behavior, and hypothesized mediators.
REGRESSION
NDE, natural direct effect; NIE, natural indirect effect; SCTPEF: self-control time preferences and executive function unique index. All of these refer to the mediating effect on the association between Group CBT + UCT vs. control group over Antisocial Behavior (ASB).The NDE represents the effect of exposure on the outcome that is not mediated by the putative mediator, while the NIE corresponds to the effect that is mediated by the putative mediator. The sum of the NDE and NIE represents the total casual effect, and the quotient of dividing the NIE by the total effect represents the percentage of the effect that is mediated by the putative mediator. The CDE represents the effect of the exposure on the outcome if the mediator could be controlled (maintained constant or fixed at one level). To calculate this, we used the “paramed” module of the STATA v.13.1 program. Standard errors for mediation analyses were calculated using bootstrapping with 5000 simulations. The Benjamini and Hochberg False Discovery Rate (BH-FDR) was used to correct for multiple testing [The original study by Blattman In addition, we used multiple regression models to assess the association between the intervention and the mediators, as well as the mediators and the outcome of ASB, adjusted for the previously mentioned covariates.All mediators and outcome variables were standardized in Z-scores. Therefore, interpretation of results for betas in all models should be in standard deviation (SD).Considering an alpha of 0.05, we had a power of 80%., we calculated the power needed with the sample size to compare the groups and find mean differences of at least 0.05 (SD = 0.1) for the standardized index scores of ASB.