Participants with metabolic syndrome successfully completed probiotic intervention
gastrointestinal symptoms, Metabolic syndrome, Diabetes
METABOLIC SYNDROME, METABOLIC SYNDROME, DIABETES
To determine the effect of a probiotic supplement on adults with elevated parameters of metabolic syndrome, as defined by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) Guidelines,Study overview. (a) CONSORT flow diagram for enrollment, allocation, follow-up, and analysis. (b) Metabolic syndrome guidelines as defined by the International Diabetes Foundation (IDF). (c) Heat map depicting the study inclusion criteria met by participants (rows) along with medication use. Those that only satisfied 2 criteria are indicated by an asterisk. Yellow line separates placebo from probiotic arm. HDL = high density lipoprotein; BP = blood pressure (d) Stool and blood samples along with participant food logs were collected over an 18-week period for microbiome and immune system measurements.Participants were instructed to keep their exercise and diet unchanged during the study, logged three days of dietary intake every two weeks (10 entries total), were weighed at all seven clinic visits, answered questionnaires to assess quality of life and gastrointestinal symptoms, and took a visual-cognitive test. Data were collected every 2–4 weeks during the seven clinic visits and through 10 at-home data collection points. Participants maintained stable nutritional intake, weight, and total caloric intake across the entire study (