Materials and Methods
T2DM
Men and women with T2DM (n = 35; see Results section for cohort descriptive statistics) completed a 14-wk placebo-controlled randomised trial comprising standardised exercise 5 d/wk and 2×20 g protein/d dietary supplementation in three arms: KDP-whey blend (KDPWHE), whey (WHEY), non-protein isocaloric control (CON). The preparation and nutritional properties of the novel KDP protein were evaluated for the first time in humans. The experiment derived outcomes from pre-post (week 0 and week 15) measures of tissue redox status and cell signalling in blood and insulin-stimulated (hyperinsulinaemic-isoglycaemic clamp) skeletal muscle.