3. Results
A total of 80 patients with IFG were recruited following eligibility screening from October 2021 to February 2023. Four, three, and one patients were excluded due to FPG > 125 mg/dL, FPG < 100 mg/dL, and HbA1c > 6.5%, respectively. Thus, 72 patients with IFG were randomly allocated to the TRE plus BE (n = 26), TRE alone (n = 24), and usual care (n = 22) groups. One participant in the TRE group was lost to follow-up in weeks 4, 8, and 12; thus, this patient was excluded from the analysis due to having no data available after randomization. One participant in the usual care group was lost to follow-up in week 12, while one patient in the TRE alone group was unable to attend the week 8 follow-up but was followed up again in week 12. Therefore, 71 participants were included in the ITT analysis with sample sizes of 26, 23, and 22 for TRE plus BE, TRE, and usual care, respectively (see Baseline participant characteristics are presented in 