Tracing
Among routine men, 29 clients did not attend any visit and were potentially lost-to-follow-up (LTFU). Potential LTFU were traced first by phone; 17/29 were not reached by phone and were traced by home visit. For the participants in the 2wT arm, 47 had no contact by day 8 post-VMMC; 46 were reached by phone and 1 was traced by home visit.The cost of phone call was $0.08 per minute. It was assumed that an Enrolled Nurse conducted the phone calls, and an average phone call time was 5 minutes. To trace potential LTFU clients, it was assumed that on average 3 phone calls were attempted in both routine group and 2wT group. In home tracing, the transportation fuel cost was the same as the clinic visit. The estimated tracing transportation costs on average, including fuel and personnel costs, were $0.64 and $0.04 in rural and urban areas, respectively. According to our time-motion study, it is important to note that home visits were costly both in terms of money and time, especially in rural areas. The average travel time to reach one client was 34 minutes (range: 17 to 51 minutes) and the average review time was 3.8 minutes (range: 1.9 to 5.7 minutes). On a typical day of rural tracing, the nurse spent 90% of the time driving. On average, 5 clients (range: 2.5 to 7.5 clients) would be traced in one day in rural settings.