Strengths and Limitations
A major strength of this study is that it analysed data from four countries, in fifteen club settings, and derived the findings from a large body of data collected through multiple methods, allowing for triangulation across data sources. The study also deliberately employed behaviour change strategies informed by contemporary motivation theories. These strengths and the findings from the study underpin our confidence in the utility of the EuroFIT theory of change as a representation of the program’s mechanisms of action for men in the four countries studied. A limitation is that although we went to considerable efforts to standardise qualitative data collection and analysis across countries it was conducted by multiple teams, with varying levels of experience, in four different languages. The research team which produced the convergence matrix had limited ability to go back to original sources to check interpretations for themselves. This was mitigated through extensive cross-country dialogue, but remains a shortcoming that is faced in all cross-cultural work in which all analysts are not poly-lingual (see e.g., [