INTERVENTIONS
incisors
ROTH
Upper and lower first molars were banded (0.022-in bands: American Orthodontics, Sheboygan, Wis.). Canines and second premolars were bonded with 0.022-in Roth prescription brackets (Mini Master; American Orthodontics, Sheboygan, USA). Leveling and alignment were performed using sequential wires up to 0.016 x 0.022-in SS, bypassing the four incisors.Temporary anchorage devices (TADs; 1.8mm x 8mm) (3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA) were placed between the second premolars and first molars. The patients were then referred for premolars’ extraction and canine retraction was started within one to two weeks. Power arms, 8mm in length, were fabricated using a 0.016 x 0.016-in stainless steel wire to approximate the delivered force to the center of resistance (
