Conclusion
Graves’ Orbitopathy, diplopia, Graves orbitopathy, TED, muscle inflammation, strabismus, inflammation, disability, proptosis, EUGOGO, autoimmune disease
DIPLOPIA, THYROID EYE DISEASE, INFLAMMATION, DISEASE, MUSCLE INFLAMMATION, STRABISMUS, PROPTOSIS, AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE
Teprotumumab significantly improved proptosis vs placebo in longstanding/low inflammation TED, demonstrating efficacy regardless of disease duration/activity. The safety profile was comparable to that previously reported.Thyroid eye disease (TED), also known as Graves orbitopathy, is an autoimmune disease manifesting retro-orbital fat and muscle inflammation and tissue expansion with progressive signs and symptoms of strabismus, diplopia, and proptosis, resulting in significant disability and morbidity (Data on medical treatment for the chronic, long-term symptoms are lacking. For example, the European Group on Graves’ Orbitopathy (EUGOGO) 2021 guidelines recommended intravenous glucocorticoids in combination with mycophenolate as first-line treatment but limited data exist on their effectiveness, particularly on the progressive outcomes of proptosis and diplopia in chronic TED where inflammation is low (Teprotumumab, an insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) inhibitor, was the first drug approved for TED treatment, in 2020 in the United States, based on 2 randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled clinical trials (Although several observational reports have been published indicating favorable effects of teprotumumab in a wide group of patients with chronic TED, there are no well-controlled study data with teprotumumab in patients with longer duration of TED without active inflammation (