Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)
BMD of the distal half of the left radius [divided into the 1/3 (most proximal 20 mm), mid and ultradistal radius (most distal 15 mm)], lumbar spine (L1–L4), left femoral neck and whole body were assessed by DXA. DXA procedures are described in detail in Supplementary Material 4S.