Conclusions and recommendations
Hepatitis B, HBV infection
HEPATITIS B
HBV prevalence and immunity due to vaccination are low among potential HIV vaccine trial participants and a high proportion have no prior exposure to HBV. Younger individuals and those recruited from existing cohorts/ clinics are more likely not to have prior HBV infection. HBV screening should continue for HIV vaccine trials layered or combined with oral PrEP and, scale up of Hepatitis B vaccination to populations at risk should be accelerated and integrated within existing HIV prevention programs. HIV prevention trials should not only screen out individuals living with HBV but should also use trials as a platform to extend HBV vaccination to KPs that need it.