Results
malaria
MALARIA
The CONSORT diagram presents the number of clusters as well as the number of women who were eligible, completed the household surveys, lost to follow-up and included in the analysis, for each year and by trial arm (Trial profile. Women were eligible if they were between 15 and 49 years and permanent residents with no plans to relocate out of the study area during the trial. !Med refers to the median cluster size in that arm in that year; range is the minimum and the maximum number of participants in the smallest cluster and the largest cluster, respectively. *Analytical sample for each arm is the sum of the eligible women who delivered since the 12-month and the 24-month survey, respectively. PHC, primary health centre.Individual women, household and cluster level characteristics, by trial arms and overall*There were 4932 women in trial years 2 and 3 who had 5112 pregnancies. 180 women reported consecutive pregnancies.†Percentage for each characteristic is out of the total in that arm, except for the very first row.Across both arms, relatively large increases were observed for all pregnancy-related outcomes reported in the 24-month and 36-month surveys compared with baseline (Distribution of the maternal health indicators by trial arms. (A) Any antenatal care (ANC), institutional delivery, preventive treatment for malaria; (B) four or more antenatal visits and ANC initiated in the first trimester.A comparison between arms, using ITT analysis shows the RR for any ANC was 1.05 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.07), for four or more total ANC visits it was 1.25 (95% CI 1.08 to 1.43) and for ANC initiated in the first trimester it was 1.11 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.19), relative to the controls (Comparison of the intervention with the control arm and estimation of the intervention effect on indicators of antenatal care and institutional delivery*Includes trial years 2 and 3.†Counts with the outcome (n) out of the total participants (N) in the arm.‡Each outcome was analysed separately and each model included a fixed effect for year of intervention, residential distance to the nearest primary health centre, baseline population of the cluster and a random intercept for cluster. The CI accounted for clustering of observations.RR, risk ratio.A comparison of outcomes reported in the 24-month and 36-month surveys with the baseline is presented in Comparison of the intervention period with the baseline and estimation of the effect of intervention period on indicators of antenatal care and institutional delivery*Counts and proportions with the outcome, out of the total participants in the two comparison groups.†Each outcome was analysed separately and each model included a fixed effect for year of intervention, residential distance to the nearest primary health centre, baseline population of the cluster and a random intercept for cluster. The CIs accounted for clustering of observations.RR, risk ratio.