Introduction
Our recollections tend to become more similar to the correct information when we recollect an initial response using the correct information, known as the hindsight bias [Studies usually investigate hindsight bias in experiments comparing participants’ initial responses with recollection values after providing the correct information [The causes of hindsight bias have been explained in several ways, such as assimilation, recollection, reconstruction, and adoption [The reconstruction theory posits that individuals attempt to repeat the judgment process of initial responses [Considering the recollection and reconstruction theories in the hindsight bias, the memory load of information encoded (MLOIE) should also increase hindsight bias because a high load for memory encoded may contribute to forgetting initial responses and facilitate reconstruction. It makes the source memory weaken and the reconstruction process confused, which may facilitate the assimilation of correct information into initial responses. Also, it is possible that the memory traces of correct information themselves also would weaken under a high MLOIE condition (i.e., the more items of correct information to be memorized). In this case, the weak memory traces of correct information may The aim of the present study was to provide pilot data to clarify whether hindsight bias is affected by the number of items to be remembered, i.e., MLOIE. We tentatively stood on the recollection and reconstruction theories and hypothesized that the hindsight bias is more substantial in high MLOIE conditions than in low MLOIE conditions.