Study Procedures
pain
ADVERSE EVENTS
The treating physician (J.W.K.; anaesthesiologist and pain physician) identified eligible patients, provided verbal and written information, and subsequently obtained written informed consent. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to the VR or control group using computer-generated block randomization. Randomization was performed by the research staff, the treating physician was blinded for allocation at the moment of inclusion.All patients were approached by the research staff and asked to fill out questionnaires at baseline, at the end of treatment at 4 weeks, and at 4 months follow-up. Furthermore, patient characteristics were obtained at baseline for analysis of associations with VR effectiveness. Patients were asked to keep a diary of daily pain scores and analgesic use during the intervention period. On days 7 and 14, telephone interviews were carried out to monitor adherence, adverse events, and technical problems. The research staff was around the clock available for questions by telephone.