Study procedures
FRANKLIN
Participants were enrolled and randomized on the day of HIV diagnosis. In both groups, specimens were collected for creatinine, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), complete blood count (CBC), and CD4 count testing (FACS Count, Becton Dickinson, Franklin Lakes, New Jersey, USA); same-day results were not available. Participants also received a digital chest radiograph and provided a spot sputum specimen for Xpert Ultra (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, California, USA) and liquid mycobacterial culture (Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube [MGIT], BACTEC, Beckton Dickinson, Franklin Lakes, New Jersey, USA). Specimens were refrigerated upon collection and transported to the central GHESKIO Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3) laboratory across Port-au-Prince for testing. Key study interventions are illustrated in 