Demographic, clinical, and densitometric characteristics of study participants.
AMD-1, AMD
AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION
* Variables with normal distributions were compared using the Student t-test, and those with non-normal distributions were compared using Wilcoxon’s test for independent samples.AMD-0: group without AMD; AMD-1: group with AMD.AMD, age-related macular degeneration; BMD, bone mineral density.Women in the AMD-0 group were younger than those in the AMD-1 group, and the two groups did not differ in terms of body mass index, height, body weight, or serum 25(OH)D concentration. Men were homogenous in terms of age and biometric parameters.Significant differences in femoral BMD and femur T-scores between the AMD-0 and AMD-1 groups were observed only in men (MD = 0.11 [0.02; 0.13]; p = 0.012 for femoral BMD and MD = 0.73 [0.015; 0.94]; p = 0.011 for femur T-score). The parameters of femoral neck BMD were worse in the AMD-1 group than in the AMD-0 group, with the between-group difference nearing the statistical significance. No association was observed between BMD and AMD in women. 25(OH)D status was not associated with the prevalence of AMD or the risk of a low femoral BMD in men or women.The proportions of men in the AMD-0 and AMD-1 groups who had decreased T-scores for femoral BMD were 15% and 46%, respectively, demonstrating a statistically significant difference (OR = 4.65 (1.81; 11.97); p = 0.001) The presence of AMD did not exert a significant effect on the occurrence of decreased T-score values among women (p = 0.633), (