Declaration of interests
CED, EH
EL has received educational and research grants from Janssen, Pfizer, AbbVie, and Takeda, Fresenius-Kabi; speaker fees from AbbVie, Dr Falk Pharma, Ferring, Janssen, Pfizer, Celgene, Bristol Myers Squibb (BMS), Galapagos, and Takeda; advisory board fees for AbbVie, Celgene, Ferring, Janssen, BMS, Pfizer, Takeda, Gilead-Galapagos, Arena, and Elli Lilly; and consultancy fees from AbbVie. JS reports research support from European Commission Horizon 2020 programme. ND has received research grants from AbbVie, Janssen, and Takeda; speaker fees from AbbVie, Celltrion, Pfizer, Janssen, and Takeda; and advisory board fees from AbbVie, Dr Falk Pharma, and Janssen. BS has served as a consultant for AbbVie, Arena, BMS, Boehringer, CT Scout, Galapagos, Gilead, Janssen, Lilly, and PredictImmune; and has received speaker's fees from AbbVie, CED Service GmbH, Dr Falk Pharma, Ferring, Janssen, Materia Prima, Pfizer, and Lilly. GD'H reports consultancy activities for AbbVie, Agomab, Alimentiv, AstraZeneca, AM Pharma, AMT, Arena Pharmaceuticals, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celltrion, Eli Lilly, Exeliom Biosciences, Exo Biologics, Galapagos, Index Pharmaceuticals, Kaleido, Roche, Gilead, GlaxoSmithKline, Gossamerbio, Pfizer, Immunic, Johnson & Johnson, Origo, Polpharma, Procise Diagnostics, Prometheus laboratories, Prometheus Biosciences, Progenity, and Protagonist; speaker's bureau for AbbVie, Arena, Galapagos, Gilead, Pfizer, BMS, and Takeda; and fees for data monitoring board activities for Galapagos, AbbVie, Astrazeneca, and Seres Health. PB has received financial support for research from AbbVie, Amgen, Celltrion, Mylan, Pfizer and Takeda; lecture fees from AbbVie, Celltrion, Galapagos, Janssen, Lilly, Pentax, and Takeda; advisory board fees from AbbVie, Arena Pharmaceuticals, BMS, Celltrion, Dr Falk Pharma, Galapagos, Janssen, Lilly, Pentax, PSI-CRO, Roche, Takeda, and Tetrameros. LV has received fees from AbbVie, Amgen, Biogen, Mylan, Takeda, MSD, Janssen, Pfizer, Ferring, and Galapagos. PI has received honoraria for talking on behalf of AbbVie, BMS, Celgene, Celltrion, Dr Falk Pharma, Ferring, Galapagos, Gilead, MSD, Janssen, Lilly, Pfizer, Takeda, Tillotts, Sapphire Medical, Sandoz, Shire, and Warner Chilcott; and for acting in an advisory capacity to AbbVie, Arena, Boehringer-Ingelheim, BMS, Celgene, Celltrion, Connect Biopharma, Genentech, Gilead, Hospira, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, Pfizer, Pharmacosmos, Prometheus, Roche, Sandoz, Samsung Bioepis, Takeda, Topivert, VH2, Vifor Pharma, and Warner Chilcott. SV has received consulting or lecture fees for AbbVie, Amgen, Sandoz, Janssen, MSD, Pfizer, Celltrion, and Takeda. CAL has received grants from Genentech, AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Pfizer, Roche, UCB Biopharma, Sanofi Aventis, Biogen IDEC, Orion OYJ, and AstraZeneca; grants and personal fees from Janssen, Takeda, and Ferring; and personal fees from Dr Falk Pharma, outside the submitted work. FB has received grant or research support from AbbVie, Amgen, Janssen, and Takeda; honoraria from AbbVie, Dr Falk Pharma, Arena, Celgene, Mundipharma, Ferring, Vifor, Janssen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Pfizer, Norgine, and Takeda. MN received board membership, consultancy, or lecture fees from AbbVie, Amgen, Arena, Biogen, CTMA, Celltrion, Ferring, Fresenius, Janssen, Mayoli-Spindler, MSD, Pfizer, Sandoz, and Takeda. MF received consulting or lecture fees for AbbVie, Amgen, Biogen, Gilead, Sandoz, Janssen, MSD, Pfizer, Ferring, Lilly, Tillots, Celltrion, Fresenius, Galapagos, and Takeda. CG received consulting or lecture fees from AbbVie, Amgen, Celltrion, Biogen, Fresenius, Gilead, Janssen, MSD, Mylan, Pfizer, Takeda, and Vifor. SB-H has received advisory board or consulting fees from AbbVie, Takeda, Janssen, Celltrion, Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline, Ferring, Novartis, Roche, Gilead, NeoPharm, Predicta Med, Galmed, Medial Earlysign, and Eli Lilly, and research support from AbbVie, Takeda, Janssen, Celltrion, Pfizer, and Galmed. J-FC has received research grants from AbbVie, Pfizer, and Takeda; payment for lectures from AbbVie, Amgen, Pfizer, and Takeda; consulting fees from AbbVie, Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Boehringer Ingelheim, BMS, Celgene Corporation, Eli Lilly, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Galmed Research, Genentech, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Kaleido Biosciences, Imedex, Immunic, Iterative Scopes, Merck, Novartis, Otsuka, PBM Capital, Pfizer, Protagonist Therapeutics, Sanofi, Takeda, TiGenix, and Vifor; and holds stock options in Intestinal Biotech Development. EH has received lecture fees from Takeda, Janssen, and BMS; and consultant or advisory board fees from AbbVie, Gilead, and Janssen. All other authors declare no competing interests.