Data collection and study visits
diabetes
DIABETES
At the first visit, maternal anthropometric measures (height (cm), weight (kg)) were measured and pre-pregnancy weight was self-reported. Medical information, sociodemographic variables, and social support of the mother were also collected. HbA1c in pregnancy and the requirement for maternal medical treatment were recorded at the end of the pregnancy. In addition, the type of delivery was collected at the first postpartum visit. Breastfeeding presence (yes/no) was assessed by clinicians and self-reported at 6-8 weeks and 1 year. When clinician report of breastfeeding was missing, we retrieved the information from the participant’s report.At birth, the offspring’s baseline measures including birth and neonatal outcomes, gestational age, sex, weight, and height were assessed. At 6-8 weeks and at the one-year visits, the offspring’s weight, size, and skinfolds were measured and mothers completed additional self-report questionnaires at all visits. Data collection and outcomes were measured at the diabetes and pregnancy clinic at the Lausanne University Hospital at all time points. Data regarding birth and neonatal outcomes were extracted from medical charts and records. Secondary offspring outcomes also contained cardiometabolic laboratory outcomes in the cord blood of the offspring, but these are not presented here, as we have much fewer infants with this type of data (n=46 of the total 211 subjects) and thus the sample size would have been significantly reduced.