Intervention Programs
All participants were instructed to follow a diet of 1500 to 1800 kcal/d for men and 1200 to 1500 kcal/d for women. The diets were composed of 40% to 55% carbohydrate, 15% to 20% protein, and 20% to 30% fat.Dietary counseling was conducted by trained nutritionists. Participants received written dietary information booklets, which had food portion advice and sample menus of similar dietary energy restrictions in accordance with the Dietary Guidelines for macronutrient intake.