Study sample
infection, diabetes mellitus, pain
DISORDER, DIABETES MELLITUS, INFECTION, PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE, LIPODYSTROPHY
A convenience sample was used, which included participants, who were consecutively accessible over a period of time and who met the eligibility criteria. The eligibility criteria for the sample were being over the age of 18, having a doctor’s prescription for subcutaneous LMWH 0.6 mL treatment and not yet having begun treatment. Having no disorder that could affect pain perception, having no incision, lipodystrophy, or finding of infection at the injection site, having no communication problem, and voluntarily agreeing to participate in the research were also considered as inclusion criteria. Patients who had diabetes mellitus, peripheral vascular disease, etc. which could affect the perception of pain were excluded from the study sample.The size of the research sample was decided statistically with the program G*Power 3.1.7. In the analysis to determine the sample size, it was calculated that a total of 80 patients was needed for a significance level of 0.05 and 80% power in determining the effect size of pain intensity as 0.9 in the comparison of two types of injection method. Finally, the research sample included 100 patients, 44 female and 56 male, who had been prescribed a subcutaneous LMWH injection once in 24 hours (once a day) by a doctor. The Strengthening the Transparent Reporting of Evaluations with Nonrandomized Designs (TREND) guidelines was also used for this study
