5. Conclusions
mineral deficiencies
While healthy older adult men with an adequate diet show few actual vitamin and mineral deficiencies and inadequacies per se, the use of MV/MM supplements can improve or prevent declines in the status of several vitamins and may prevent declines in cellular bioenergetic status. Although MV/MM supplementation is a “one-size-fits-all” strategy and does not target specific micronutrient needs, it is a cost-effective approach to improve micronutrient status in older men and may have an as yet unappreciated impact on maintaining metabolic function in cells.