Introduction
acute pain, pain
ADVERSE EFFECTS
Management of acute pain conditions after ambulatory surgery can be a predicament because it requires the selection of analgesic drugs, which balance between optimal pain relief and minimal adverse effects. The idea of combining analgesics with different mechanisms of action and adverse-effect profiles lead Cooper and Beaver to study the clinical efficacy of oral analgesics-antipyretics combined with weak opioids [This hypothesis was tested by Breivik et al. [We found the lack of adjuvant weak opioid analgesia when added to a combination of an analgesic-antipyretic and a NSAID confounding relative to extensive clinical experience. Consequently, we carried out an internal validity study using an ethnically and demographic outpatient population as homogenously as possible in a controlled randomized multidimensional trial. We investigated the relative clinical analgesic value of codeine 60 mg added to paracetamol 1000 mg or paracetamol 1000/ibuprofen 400 mg versus ibuprofen 400 mg/paracetamol 1000 mg, or placebo on acute postoperative pain after third molar surgery.