Participants
dysphagia
DYSPHAGIA
Patients who visited a university dental hospital between September 2020 and September 2021 and had dysphagia were enrolled in this study. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) at least three of the six anterior teeth in the upper jaw remained, (2) at least two of the five molars on both the right and left sides of the upper jaw remained, (3) the lingual frenulum was not short, (4) those who could handle the use of the TRP, and (5) those who agreed to join this study. The exclusion criteria were the following: (1) inability to follow instructions, (2) altered consciousness, and (3) tracheostomy. Eight male patients with an average age of 58.8 ± 12.3 years received TRP intervention.