Introduction
cognitive decline, Cognitive impairment
Cognitive impairment is a growing worldwide health concern as our population ages. In the absence of effective pharmaceutical treatments, modifiable lifestyle factors such as nutrition represent crucial targets in preventing cognitive decline. The study of whole foods, such as nuts, is particularly valuable as they provide a range of nutrients, including unsaturated FAs, dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals, L-arginine, and phenolic compounds; and represent an easily adopted dietary change for consumers. Nuts beneficially modulate a broad spectrum of parameters including cardiometabolic function (The consumption of nuts has been linked to better cognition in those aged 20–90 y (Alterations to gut microbiota have been highlighted as a potential mechanism for diet-induced changes to cognition (The lack of association between nut consumption and 5–6-y cognitive decline (