Self‐management ability after intervention
Diabetes
DIABETES
All dimensions of the Diabetes Self‐Management Behaviour Scale (self‐management diet control, exercise adherence, foot care and monitoring adherence) as well as total scores in both groups met the normality and spherical symmetry (spherical symmetry test P > 0.05) criteria. Both groups were tested by repeated‐measures analysis of variance at each time. The results showed that diet control, foot care and total scores were significantly higher in the online group compared with controls (P < 0.05) (Table Self‐management ability indexes before and after interventionBefore the intervention, all dimensions and total scores of Diabetes QOL Scale in both groups met the normality and spherical symmetry criteria (spherical symmetry test P > 0.05). Repeated measures ANOVA showed that all four QOL dimensions and total scores significantly decreased over the 12 months (all P ≤ 0.001). The intervention group had lower scores for all four dimensions and total scores than the conventional group at 3, 6 and 12 months (all P < 0.01). The time × grouping interaction was significant for the physiological dimension (P < 0.001), psychological dimension (P < 0.001), therapeutic dimension (P = 0.009) and total score (P < 0.001) but not for the social relation dimension (P = 0.051) (Table Quality of life scores before and after intervention