2.2. Experiment Process
Limited by the teaching environment of the classroom system and a fixed class size, this study was unable to conduct randomized equal-group multifactor experiments. For this reason, an unequal-group pretest–posttest design was employed for the experiment. The experiment comprised pretest, intervention, and posttest stages. First, two classes taking a badminton course were recruited and screened using the inclusion criteria. Next, the classes were randomly assigned to the experimental or control groups and provided an explanation of the course framework. Finally, the participants’ consent was obtained.In the intervention stage, participants were divided into the experimental or control groups. The participants underwent one session of a physical education class per week, with each session lasting 100 min, for 10 weeks. The intervention course was taught by a certified physical education instructor with more than 20 years of teaching experience. Both groups received the same physical education and sports technique guidance. However, the sport education model in the experimental group was incorporated as one of six course features. Participants were not permitted to change their exercise partners throughout the course.