Eligibility Criteria
PREGNANCY-INDUCED HYPERTENSION, HIGH-RISK PREGNANCIES, PLACENTA PREVIA, PREECLAMPSIA
Parents were considered eligible for the study if they met the following criteria: (1) both parents were aged ≥21 years; (2) both parents were able to read and speak English; (3) the pregnancy was at low risk with >24 weeks of gestation (age of viability in Singapore); and (4) both parents owned a smartphone with internet access. Parents were excluded from the study if they had high-risk pregnancies (eg, pregnancy-induced hypertension, preeclampsia, and placenta previa major). Infants who were born via a complicated assisted delivery where the mother required prolonged hospitalization and admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit and infants with congenital issues were excluded from the study to minimize confounding influences on the outcome variables.