Subsequent treatment
nonneoplastic diseases, SD, PD, infection, deaths
INFECTION, MULTIPLE SYSTEM ORGAN FAILURE
In the decitabine‐RDHAP group, two patients underwent transplantation, one of whom was treated sequentially with chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell (CAR‐T) therapy and had a median OS of 38.5 months; five patients underwent CAR‐T therapy later and two of those patients survived. In the RDHAP group, three patients underwent transplantation and two of these patients survived. However, some patients, because of economic factors or because they did not meet the criteria of CAR‐T therapy, transplantation or other clinical trials, chose maintenance therapy such as lenalidomide (2.86% vs. 14.3%), ibrutinib (8.6% vs. 0%), venetoclax (2.9% vs. 0%), or ibrutinib plus lenalidomide (5.7% vs. 4.8%). However, in patients with SD or PD, some patients with better constitution who could tolerate chemotherapy chose R‐GDP (5.7% vs. 9.5%), R‐Gemox (11.4% vs. 9.5%), R‐EPOCH (5.7% vs. 23.8%), R‐DICE (5.7% vs. 0%), and R‐ESHAP (5.7% vs. 0%), while other patients chose observation or discontinued treatment without drug therapy (25.7% vs. 23.8%). Among all patients achieving SD or PD, eight patients in the decitabine‐RDHAP group and four patients in the RDHAP group responded to subsequent treatment.At the last follow‐up, 17 deaths occurred in the decitabine‐RDHAP group (four from PD, four from multiple system organ failure, and nine from infection or other nonneoplastic diseases). Thirteen deaths occurred in the RDHAP group (three from PD, five from multiple system organ failure, and five from infection or other nonneoplastic diseases).