Introduction
traumatic amputations, balance gain, traffic accidents, amputees
UTA, EVENT, INSULIN SENSITIVITY, PHYSICAL DISABILITY
Transtibial Amputation (TA) is considered a great level of amputation, favoring rehabilitation and fitting. TA affects men (75% of cases) and the main cause in the population aged between 50 and 75 years is vascular, but in the young population, traumatic amputations related to work and traffic accidents predominate.Several patients with TA, even after the prosthesis and rehabilitation programs, do not reach a great functional performance, presenting an unfavorable physical condition for the daily use of the prosthesis, evidencing the need for a structured physical conditioning program to improve functional performance.Sports activities play an important role in the social integration of amputees and many become Paralympic athletes within the modalities available for this type of physical disability. Some sports are practiced without the prosthesis and others, such as running, with the use of the prosthesis. The sports practiced by the UTA in this study were: sitting volleyball, athletics (running), and swimming. Specific training for each sport sought to develop muscle strength, balance, agility, technical capacity for each sport, and cardiorespiratory condition.The functional demand of the Paralympic athlete with UTA is similar to athletes without disabilities, especially runners. Therefore, physical condition training must provide strength gain (including the amputated limb) and cardiorespiratory condition, in addition to special care for balance gain and weight distribution between limbs for adequate performance.In contrast to experimental settings in the real world and for the general population, the combination of resistance exercise and aerobic resistance simultaneously, in the same session (CT), has been considered a training program that leads to superior adaptations in health-related variables and body function, regardless of age or sex, including increases and/or improvements in basal metabolic rates, insulin sensitivity, glucose/lipid metabolism, lipid profile, and body composition, while muscle hypertrophy/strength/power and endurance capabilities are increased. Several studies have provided strong evidence that CT adaptations further increase endurance.Intervention programs to improve the rehabilitation process and the quality of life of amputees is a necessity, as it is a life-changing event associated with poor physical and psychological functioning with decreased quality of life.