Conclusion
delirium, DSM-5, Delirium
Our results support the efficacy of music in reducing the incidence of delirium after craniotomy, as found with DOSS but not after DSM-5 confirmation. Delirium screening tools should be validated within the neurosurgical context and the long-term implications of a delirium, either defined by an increased DOSS or DSM-5, should be evaluated. This effect of music is substantiated by the effect of music on an increased preoperative HRV. Last, although preoperative adherence was high, this declined after surgery, which should be taken into account when considering implementation in the neurosurgical population.