Characteristics of participants and sample enrollment
Based on the sample size calculation and the actual number of students and instructors available to participate in this study, 60 final year dental students (Group S) without implant placement experience and 10 experienced implant specialists as instructors (Group I) were enrolled.All the final year dental students enrolled had already completed their theoretical course pertaining to implant placement. Detailed implant surgical procedures were shown through live in-person demonstrations and a video displaying the drilling sequence and the optimal location, angle, and depth for implant placement. The specialist instructions and the demonstration video were available to the students throughout the process of implant surgery.