Background
malaria illness, PWH, malaria, HIV infection, infections
MALARIA, HIV INFECTION, INFECTIONS
HIV and malaria infections are endemic in sub-Saharan Africa, and previous research demonstrated high rates of clinical malaria illness among adults living with HIV infection after stopping trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis [Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors have been the most common antiretrovirals used in sub-Saharan Africa since the roll-out of antiretroviral therapy (ART)on the continent. These drugs are extensively metabolized by cytochrome p450 (CYP450) enzymes and thus interact with compounds that use similar pathways. In particular, efavirenz induces CYP 3A4 and CYP 2B6, which metabolize lumefantrine into desbutyl-lumefantrine, leading to reduced plasma levels of lumefantrine and increased risk of malaria treatment failure [High rates of malaria illness in PWH who discontinued trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TS) or chloroquine (CQ) prophylaxis were reported from this randomized clinical trial, evaluating the role of anti-malarial prophylaxis among PWH on antiretroviral therapy in Malawi [