Analyses
For all analyses, we conducted multilevel models that incorporate both fixed effects of Group (Tai chi group vs. Gyoza group), Time (pre- vs. post-test) and Activity (Tai chi vs. Gyoza) as well as random effects (detailed below). These analyses were conducted in R (version 4.2.1) using the lme4 libraryOf the tested random effect structures, participant was included as a potential intercept effect (reflecting the random variability of each participant sampled from the population), and Time was allowed to vary as a random slope effect (as each participant could have a unique change in slope over time).