Conclusion
blood loss, pain
BLOOD LOSS, OBSTETRIC COMPLICATION, SHOULDER DYSTOCIA
In summary, pre-delivery pain factor together with obstetric complications (shoulder dystocia, blood loss during delivery) were independently associated with high acute postpartum pain. Future studies are warranted to improve the performance of the model that could help to define the population at risk of high acute postpartum pain. Identification of modifiable pain and psychological factors could also enable healthcare professionals to implement pre-emptive interventions to improve perinatal and postpartum pain management.