4.1. Body Composition, Body Mass, and Anthropometrics
satiety, weight loss
In the current investigation, four weeks of daily thermogenic supplementation and whey protein ingestion (PRO + FB) did not result in appreciable changes in body mass, body composition, or other anthropometric variables when compared to no supplementation (CON) or to whey protein ingestion alone (PRO). It is important to reiterate that all participants were instructed to maintain their current eating frequency, food selection, and exercise habits throughout the four-week period, with the only specific dietary intervention being the addition of a whey protein supplement and the thermogenic or placebo supplement in the PRO + FB and PRO groups, respectively. However, it is possible that the increased protein intake observed in both PRO and PRO + FB led to increased satiety in these groups, as is commonly seen in weight loss interventions featuring high-protein diets [Dietary protein has been frequently demonstrated to attenuate reductions in lean mass during weight loss across varied populations [Previous investigations on the chronic effects of thermogenic supplementation on body composition and anthropometric variables have been equivocal. Tinsley et al. [It is possible that differences related to the training status of these populations may have played a role in their divergent results, as increased levels of training may make it more difficult to elicit detectable changes in body composition in response to a training, dietary, or supplementation stimulus. The fact that both the population and the results of the current investigation more closely reflect those in the study by Tinsley et al. lends credence to this theory. Indeed, Belza and colleagues [Perhaps the investigation most similar to ours in terms of design was that of Kendall and colleagues [