4. Discussion
adiponectin deficiency, atherosclerosis, hypercholesterolemia, endothelial dysfunction
HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, INFLAMMATION, ATHEROSCLEROSIS, INSULIN RESISTANCE, DYSLIPIDEMIA, OXIDATIVE STRESS, ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION
This present study demonstrated the benefit of Recently, it has been suggested that the gut microbiota and their metabolites play an important role in regulating lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis [This observation may be attributed to the anti-inflammatory effects of probiotics by inhibiting the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The reduced inflammatory state in the body could be a potential metabolic process for the LDL-C lowering effect. A significant reduction in serum TNF-α without any changes in IL-6 was observed in participants receiving Our results showed that plasma APOE levels were significantly increased in participants with According to the emerging evidence, it has been suggested that elevated oxidative stress is involved with endothelial dysfunction induced by hypercholesterolemia [Adiponectin plays an important role in glucose and lipid metabolism, and adiponectin deficiency is related to insulin resistance, inflammation, dyslipidemia, and the risk of atherosclerosis [In addition to the above remarks, bile salt hydrolase (BSH) enzyme activity was also increased with probiotic supplementation. Co-precipitation between intestinal cholesterol and deconjugated bile salts could reduce the absorption of cholesterol and bile salts, consequently lowering blood cholesterol [Even though there were no differences in baseline characteristics between groups, some limitations were still found in the study. Our study did not analyze changes in the gut microbiota community in feces, which is an essential indicator to confirm the colonization of the probiotic 