Background
tightness, tooth
SEPARATION, PERIODONTAL DISEASE, PCT, IMPACTION
Appropriate proximal contacts are critical in proximal restorations. In direct class II composite resin restorations, both anatomical and tight proximal contacts can avoid food impaction, periodontal disease, tooth movement, and cavities [To achieve proper proximal contact in direct composite resin restorations, the clinical procedure must compensate for the thickness of the matrix as well as the polymerization shrinkage of the composite resin. Both proximal contact tightness and proximal contours are two key factors that are related to the establishment of proximal surface [For placement of the composite resin, varied measures have already been made to sustain the anatomical structure of proximal contact area. Special instruments were utilized to achieve the optimal proximal contour such as diverse matrix systems, separation rings and wedges [To ensure good embrasure anatomy, it is usually suggested that matrices should be burnished or held versus the adjacent tooth and therefore warrant that the contact can be cleaned effectively [Contact forming instruments come in various types and designs, each with its own unique features and advantages. Traditional contact forming instruments are typically made of stainless steel or other dental-grade materials and may not have a transparent head [According to the United States Public Health System (USPHS) guidelines, PCT can be determined when dental floss is used to evaluate contact tightness by recording the ease of dental floss passing interdentally [This one-year clinical study aimed to investigate the consecutive biological alterations in PCT between class II direct composite restorations and adjacent teeth after placement using Palodent sectional matrix system and with different transparent contact forming instruments.