Clinical parameters
PD, RA
For RA parameters, a non-significant change in DAS scores after treatment was reported; mean values (mean ± SD) were 4.2 ± 0.6 and 4.1 ± 0.6 pre- and post-treatment, respectively. The mean values (mean ± SD) for ESR were 29.4 ± 3.3 and 28.1 ± 3.3 pre- and post-treatment, with a significant decrease (Table Descriptive statistics and results of Mann–Whitney *Significant at For periodontal parameters at baseline, RA + P group showed statistically significantly higher mean PD, CAL, and PI records compared to P group—except for GI—that showed a non-significant difference. After treatment, groups 1 and 2 reported a significant decrease in all recorded parameters compared to pretreatment levels within each group. For post-treatment records comparison, group 1 reported a significant increase compared to group 2 (except for the PD values that showed a non-significant difference between the 2 groups). Post-treatment values of groups 1 and 2 remained significantly higher than group 3 (Table 