Introduction
trauma
MINOR, ORAL ULCER, RECURRENT APHTHOUS STOMATITIS
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a common type of oral ulcer that can occur in the general population, with a reported prevalence range of 0.7–50% [The exact cause of RAS remains unclear, but it is believed to involve multiple factors. Local factors such as minor trauma [In recent years, there has been a shift toward minimally invasive protocols for maintaining a balanced oral microbiota. These protocols include the use of probiotics and Para probiotics to rebalance oral flora, glycine and erythritol-based powders to target specific bacteria, and ozone therapy for its antibacterial and healing properties [Probiotics are highly reproducible living organisms that can protect the mucosa from harmful microorganisms and have shown effectiveness in improving oral health in basic and clinical studies [Although numerous studies have been conducted on the systemic effects of probiotics in treating oral lesions [