Introduction
Anatomy has traditionally been delivered and conducted through cadaveric dissectionsOne such method is using three-dimensional (3D) models, which includes both digital and physical models, which can be manipulated spatially to enhance visualisation of structures and their relationshipsAn example of a 3D anatomy model is a photorealistic one produced via photogrammetry. Photorealistic 3D models (PR3DMs) are produced by taking a series of pictures from different angles to gather spatial information about an objectThere is conflicting evidence about the effects of PR3DMs in anatomyThe inherent difficulty of a subject contributes to intrinsic cognitive load (ICL) while the nature of content presentation that is designed counterproductively imposes extraneous cognitive load (ECL)Spatial ability (SA), the ability to retain, generate, retrieve and transform well-structured visualisations