Preparation of the test
(1) Make sure the ambient temperature was kept at 20–25 °C with proper ventilation. (2) Repeat testing was performed at approximately the same time each day by the same professionally trained technician who was unaware of the groupings. (3) A “warm-up” period before the test should not be performed. (4) The serial number, name, age, height, and sex were accurately registered. (5) The patient should sit at rest in a chair, located near the starting position, for at least 10 min before the test starts. During this time, contraindications were assessed, pulse and blood pressure were measured, and clothing and shoes were confirmed to be appropriate.