KODEX group
proximal occlusion, partial occlusion
Mapping of the LA and PVs was performed with a circular mapping catheter (Achieve; Medtronic Inc.). The LA was reconstructed using the mapping catheter with the guidance of the 3-dimentional navigation system (KODEX-EPD Navigation system, version 1.4.8a). The anatomic sites of LSPV, LIPV, RSPV, RIPV, and superior vena cava (SVC) were marked. Then the Achieve electrode was sent into the target PV for mapping and recording PV potential. The CB was inflated in the left atrium, and the CB was pushed along the Achieve electrode to the target PV orifice for occlusion.The KODEX Occlusion assessment tools include the baseline tool and injection tool. In the baseline tool, the occlusion status was real-timely visualized as a colored-wheel in which green indicated optimal contact whereas red indicated sub-optimal contact. In injection tool, the occlusion status was depicted through the injection curve after a single injection of contrast. Optimal occlusion was achieved if the last quarter of the injection curve remained in the upper half. Otherwise, various leaks might be present. When multiple red electrodes show partial occlusion, balloon operation can be displayed in real-time to achieve better and complete occlusion without multiple injections of contrast agent and angiography. After all the green electrodes showed by the baseline tool, the proximal occlusion was evaluated by injection and X-ray, and CB ablation was performed after meeting the conditions. Among them, under the guidance of KODEX-EPD, the performance of PST is mainly presented by injection tool. The injection tool's dissipation curve is divided into three segments (Fig. PST under the guidance of KODEX-EPD: (