3.1. Baseline Characteristics
ANI
Ultimately, 92 patients were recruited and 84 were analyzed. Three patients were excluded for having concomitant breast reconstruction surgery, and five participants for incomplete ANI and BIS data caused by a temporary technical failure intraoperatively, leaving 84 patients included for analysis (No significant differences were found between the two groups with respect to demographic factors and the times of operation, anesthesia, and emergence from anesthesia (