Study design and outcomes
TG
MINOR, PAT, ADHESION, SECONDARY, BLIND
The study was a randomized, blind, crossover, controlled clinical trial in free-living subjects. It consisted of two 4-week interventions with OPO and high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSO), preceded each by 3-week run-in or wash-out periods. The study timeline is shown in Supplementary Fig. 1S. HOSO was used as control oil because it has a similar MUFA content than OPO but with a different profile of minor components. During run-in and wash out, volunteers consumed sunflower oil (SO) and followed the same food restrictions indicated below.The primary study outcomes were changes in fasting serum concentrations of total (TC) or low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) cholesterol or triglycerides (TG) in at-risk HC subjects. Secondary outcomes included changes in biomarkers of endothelial function, such as concentrations of E- and P-selectin, intercellular (ICAM-1) and vascular (VCAM-1) cell adhesion molecules, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and, in the HC subjects, changes in peripheral artery tonometry (PAT). Other secondary outcomes were changes in systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure and in inflammatory biomarkers.