Baseline characteristics
infectious and
GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASES, DISEASES, COMPLICATIONS, LEAKAGE
We collected patients' personal, medical, and demographic information through face-to-face interviews using a standard questionnaire developed by researchers. The data gathered included age, education level, occupation, adherence to special diets, history of diseases, and supplement consumption. To ensure compliance during the study and prevent sample leakage, we contacted subjects weekly by phone. We also monitored for infectious and gastrointestinal diseases, drug complications, and side effects.