Participants
fatigue, neuromuscular and musculoskeletal disorders
POLAND
Twelve semi-professional basketball players participated in this study (age: 23 ± 4 yrs; body mass: 84.7 ± 10.6 kg; body height: 192 ± 6 cm; basketball training experience: 11 ± 4 yrs). The inclusion criteria were as follows: i) free from neuromuscular and musculoskeletal disorders, ii) no lower-limb surgery for two years prior to the study, iii) have at least two years’ experience in basketball training and competition iv) take part in regular basketball and resistance training for at least year prior to the study. Participants were instructed to maintain their usual dietary and sleep habits, and not to use any stimulants and alcoholic drinks throughout the study. Moreover, they were asked not to perform any additional resistance exercises 48-h before testing to avoid fatigue. The study was conducted in February and March 2022. Participants were allowed to withdraw from the experiment at any time and were informed about the benefits and potential risks of the study before providing their written informed consent for participation. Participants were known to the authors, which made it possible to recognize them. Participants were not told of the expected study outcomes. The study protocol was approved by the Bioethics Committee for Scientific Research, at the Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Poland (3/2021) and performed according to the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki 2013. The sample size was calculated a priori based on a statistical power of 0.8, an effect size of g = 0.37–0.72, and a significance level of 0.05, taking acute changes in stiffness after exercise, and post-activation performance enhancement in jumping performance [