Primary outcome measures
SE, Alzheimer's disease, ADAS‐cog
REGRESSION, ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
Compared to the placebo group, the benzoate 1000 group performed best in improving ADAS‐cog performance (that is, reducing ADAS‐cog score; Results of measures of primary outcome over the 24‐week treatment using generalized estimating equations (GEE) Method, which simultaneously compared the four treatment groups using a single analysisADAS‐cog, The Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale‐Cognitive Subscale; BE500, sodium benzoate 500 mg/day; BE750, sodium benzoate 750 mg/day; BE1000, sodium benzoate 1000 mg/day; SE, standard error.Comparison was based on the average of the total score.Comparisons was based on the changes from the baseline in average of total score. Estimate is the coefficient of treatment and treatment‐visit interaction term in the GEE method's multiple linear regression model by specifying the working correlation matrix as autoregressive of order 1, AR (1). As shown in Figure Gender difference after 24‐week treatment of sodium benzoate with 500, 750 mg/day, or 1000 mg/day. Women but not men showed significant improvement in cognitive function, measured by Alzheimer's disease assessment scale‐cognitive subscale (ADAS‐cog), after benzoate treatment. Among the 96 women, benzoate surpassed placebo in the effect on ADAS‐cog (Regarding the dose difference among the female patients, the benzoate 750 group, compared to the placebo group, improved significantly in ADAS‐cog at week 8 (estimate = −4.03, SE = 1.80, 