Monthly changes in LAZ (upper panels) and WLZ (lower panels) by postnatal (left panels) and prenatal (right panels) intervention arms with the dashed lines representing the control group (IFA) and solid lines representing the intervention group (IFA + BEP).
REGRESSION
Line graphs represent locally weighted scatterplot smoothing of observed values. Group differences were estimated using mixed-effects models with random intercepts for infant and random slopes for intervention time, with fixed effects including time, quadratic time (for LAZ), intervention group, and time × group interaction adjusted for allocation to the other intervention, clustering indicators (health center and randomization block), and a priori determined prognostic factors (maternal height, BMI, MUAC, hemoglobin, age and gestational age at inclusion, and parity). BEP, balanced energy–protein supplement; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; ES, regression coefficient; IFA, iron–folic acid; LAZ, length-for-age Z-score; MUAC, mid-upper arm circumference; WLZ, weight-for-length Z-score.