2.1. Patients
end-stage kidney and/or liver disease
MAY
This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Reina Sofia University Hospital (Cordoba, Spain; reference number 5164 approved on 21 October 2021 and updated on 30 May 2023). It was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and according to national and international guidelines. This is a prospective open label study, wherein a written informed consent was signed by every individual before inclusion in the study. All patients received information before the inclusion and were included only if they agreed to participate. The inclusion criteria were patients of both sexes, age > 18 y-old < 85 y-old, LVEF < 50%, and a hospital admission due to HF in the previous 6 months. Exclusion criteria were end-stage kidney and/or liver disease. The sample size was calculated based on the usual number of admissions due to HF for 6 months in this hospital (specifically during the winter and spring seasons). Thirty-eight consecutive patients were included. A schematic overview of the study is depicted in 