Statistical analysis
The data was statistically analyzed using the SPSS software (Version 22, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Numbers (n) and percentages (%) were used to represent categorical variables. Depending on the data normal distribution, descriptive statistics of numerical data were presented using the mean standard deviation or median quartiles (Q1, Q3). The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to determine whether the data had a normal distribution. Student’s t-test was used to compare normally distributed numerical data across two independent groups and the Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare non-normally distributed data. The Chi-square test or Fisher exact test was used to compare proportions between categorical variables. 