2.1. Study Design and Participants
RA
This study was a single-blind, cluster-RCT study, with the kindergarten class as the cluster for the intervention. The data were sourced from the Physical Exercise on Fundamental Movement Skills and Physical Fitness of preschoolers (PEFP) project [In this study, a total of 309 preschool children aged 4 to 5 years were recruited from five kindergartens and cluster randomly assigned to 5 groups: basic movements (BM) group, rhythm activities (RA) group, ball games (BG) group, multiple activities (MA) group, and control (CG) group. The attendance rate of 30% of the participants exceed 4/5 of the total course, and all of the participants completed at least 2/3 of the total course. After preschool children with missing pretest or posttest data were excluded, the final sample consisted of 253 participants (girls 46.3%) with an average age of 4.55 ± 0.28 years: the BG group (n = 55), the RA group (n = 52), the BM group (n = 45), the MA group (n = 44), and the CG group (n = 57). The flow diagram of the research process is shown in 