Recruitment and randomization
NPH
NPH
Children living with HIV were identified from the patient list of the NPH HIV clinic. The participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group, allowing equal allocation of same-aged children. A computerized algorithm was used to perform randomization by a data analyst who was not a primary member of the study team. Three districts in Phnom Penh had the highest number of children living with HIV who participated in this study. We randomly selected one village from each of the three districts and randomly recruited eligible children without HIV using the resident lists obtained from the village heads. Participants’ enrollment and intervention assignment were not concealed due to the nature of the intervention design.