1. Introduction
intestinal microbiome
Human gut health is closely related to sleep. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of yeast mannan (YM) in improving bowel habits and sleep quality, along with metabolomics in fecal samples. A total of 40 healthy adults (age range, 22–64 years) with discomfort in defecation were enrolled and randomly allocated to receive either YM (The human intestinal microbiome is a highly complicated ecosystem, in which several hundred microbial species consume, produce, and exchange hundreds of metabolites [An increasing number of people suffer from sleep problems owing to their nocturnal lifestyle and shorter sleep duration [