5. Conclusion
This is the first research to establish comprehensive nomograms for predicting OS and CSS in patients with H&NNHL at 3-, 5- and 8-year. The validation of the models demonstrated good performance. With the reference of the nomograms, physicians could appropriately determine the clinical treatment options and specifically predict the survival probability at specified time intervals for each patient. However, external validation of the nomogram should be added in future research.