The Hooyo gANC intervention
The intervention was a combination of gANC and individual check-ups, with language support and integrated childbirth and parenting education. Participants were offered seven 60-minute group sessions together with other women of similar gestational age, led by one to two midwives. Group rules were set by participants, so partners were mostly but not always invited to participate. Directly before or after each group session, a 15-minute individual appointment was scheduled for health check-ups with the designated midwife. Participants started attending gANC in 20–26 gestational weeks. Additional individual appointments were scheduled if needed. Frequency and total number of appointments followed the Swedish national ANC recommendations.