Inclusion and exclusion criteria
chronic pain, infection, thyroid tumors, coagulation dysfunction
INFECTION, CHRONIC PAIN, THYROID TUMORS, GIANT
The inclusion criteria of the trial included ASA I-II patients aged 18–70 years who underwent elective thyroid surgery. The exclusion criteria included patients with a history of neck surgery; patients with a history of infection at the surgical site; patients with coagulation dysfunction; patients with giant thyroid tumors in the neck; patients with chronic pain who need to be treated with opioids after surgery; patients who were chronically treated with beta-blockers with pulse rate < 50 beats/min; patients with preoperative oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry (SpO