Sample characteristics
Pain
The AO group consisted of 24 females (80%) and 6 (20%) males, and the control group had 22 (73.3%) females and 8 (26.7%) males. The mean age (± SD) in the AO group was 37.4 (± 9.9) years old, and in the control group was 42.3 (± 10.2) years old (see Table 
Sociodemographic characteristicsUndergraduate EducationMaster’s degreeDoctor Degree11 (36.7%)3 (10.0%)3 (10.0%)10 (33.3%)4 (13.3%)1 (3.3%)† Without normal distribution (non-parametric test corroborated the parametric test)Abbreviations: AO- Action Observation; Kg- Kilograms; cm-centimeters; SD- Standard DeviationA detailed characterization of the baseline clinical data of the sample is presented in Table 
Participants’ characteristics at baselinePain Frequency(n, %)Pain Duration(n, %)† Without normal distribution (non-parametric test corroborated the parametric test)Abbreviations: AO- Action Observation; FABQ-PA – Fear Avoidance Belief Questionnaire – Physical Activity Subscale; FABQ-W – Fear Avoidance Belief Questionnaire – Work Subscale; L- Left; NDI – Neck Disability Index; N – Newtons; PCS – Pain Catastrophizing Scale; PPT- Pressure Pain Thresholds; R- Right; SD- Standard Deviation; TPD - Two-point discrimination; TSK - Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia; VAS- Visual Analogue Scale