Statistics
delirium, pain
SECONDARY
The primary outcome of the study was the total dose of PCA analgesics required 24 h after surgery. The secondary outcomes were PCA analgesics required 2 h after surgery, pain intensity measured by visual analogue scales (VAS) 2 h and 24 h after surgery.Exploratory outcomes: furthermore, the local and systemic tolerability and safety of the clinical study medications were assessed, as were possible neurological side effects using the delirium detection score 2 h and 24 h after the first infusion [Results are reported as means with standard deviation (SD). Dichotomous outcomes are reported as absolute (