Study design and population
diabetic
This is an open-label, prospective, multicentre, single-arm trial. All diabetic patients undergoing coronary angiography with or without PCI at 3 participating centers (Additional file Coronary angiography and PCI were performed according to standard techniques; stent and technique choice were based on operators’ preferences and there were no related exclusions. A low-osmolar, non-ionic contrast medium (iomeprol) has been used during the entire study period. Per the standard clinical protocol, up to 1 ml/Kg/h of saline up to 12 h before and up to 24 h after PCI were strongly recommended, although not mandatory. The total amount and type of hydration infused were prospectively collected. Antithrombotic regimen was based on parenteral heparin, and the use of oral aspirin plus a P2YA dedicated data coordinating center performed all data management. All data were entered prospectively in the database.The study complies with the Declaration of Helsinki and each patient provided written informed consent before coronary angiography. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at each site before enrollment and is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT04766008.