Sample size calculation
CM
The calculation of sample size was based on our pilot study, which compared the effects of the combination of TTM, SSE, and CM (n = 4) with that of a control group (n = 4) for participants with FHP. A standard FHA deviation of 3.92 degrees for the CTSC group and of 2.6 degrees for the control group was observed. These variances were used to estimate the sample size needed to detect a 3.44-degree change (between the intervention and control group) in FHA. Considering a dropout rate of 20%, it was estimated that 24 participants per group were needed to obtain 90% power with a 5% significance level.