Study design and sample
The clinical phases of this study were conducted at the Oral Medicine Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand and performed with informed consent following protocols approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University (certificate number HREC-DCU 2021–048 approved on 9 July 2021). Informed consent was obtained from all subjects. All methods were performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.