Execution time
death
Figure Average suture time, average anastomosis time, and learning curves for (Figure There were no significant differences related to vascular size in vessels used in this study among groups. The mean rat femoral vein diameter was 1.03 ± 0.25 mm for the robotic procedures and 1.09 ± 0.31 mm for the manual ones. Moreover, the mean number of stitches was 10 for both the manual and the robotic procedures. Similarly, the rat femoral artery diameters were similar between robotic and manual groups (0.71 ± 0.15 mm and 0.70 ± 0.10 mm respectively). The mean number of stitches was 8 in both robotic and manual arterial anastomosis.There was one unexpected death; the animal died two hours after the intervention after a normal awakening from anesthesia. This animal showed patent anastomoses in both robotic and manual sites at T0.