3.6. Intervention Effect on Job Search-Specific Self-Efficacy and Health-Related Outcomes
depressive, depressive symptoms
REGRESSION
Multivariate linear regression was applied to examine whether the treatment indicator variable was associated with the outcome variables. In these regression analyses, the most important model for the main effects of the predictors is model 2, because it includes the relevant predictors (selected during different pre-analyses and based on theoretical considerations) but no interaction terms.The interaction terms were added to model 3 for the examination of the hypothesized effect moderations (Hypothesis 5 and 6). However, in multiplicative interaction models (such as M3), the interpretation of the regression coefficients is often difficult and does not reflect the main effect of the single predictor. Rather, when interaction terms are included in the model, there are often situations in which the regression coefficients for each predictor variable say nothing about their actual effect on the outcome, and nor do their respective . Compared to the WCG, IVG reports higher levels of job search-specific self-efficacy.On the item measuring job search-specific self-efficacy, where from 1 to 4 scale points could be scored, the level of job search-specific self-efficacy did not significantly differ at T0 (IVG: 2.72; WCG: 2.86 scale points). At T1, the IVG had reported an average of 0.32 points more than the WCG (The results in the second row of Despite the loss of significance in model 2, there was a significant score change from T0 to T1 in the IVG. The consistent regression coefficients in model 1 and 2, coupled with the plausibility of the association (JOBS training is specifically designed to increase participants’ self-efficacy), support Hypothesis 1, which states that JOBS training has positive effects on job-search self-efficacy, especially considering the small sample size (lack of statistical power).Compared to the WCG, IVG reports higher levels of life satisfaction.On a scale from 5 to 35 points, the level of life satisfaction between IVG and WCG did not significantly differ at T0 (IVG: 19.44; WCG: 17.39 scale points; The results displayed in the second row of In addition to the effect of the intervention, German citizenship was positively associated with life satisfaction.compared to the WCG, IVG assesses its general health status more favorably.On the scale from 1 to 5 points, the difference at T0 between both groups was negligible and statistically insignificant, with an average of 0.22 scale points more in the IVG compared to the WCG (However, the results of the multivariate analysis (second row of Although the descriptive results derived from Compared to the WCG, IVG reports lower levels of depressive symptoms.On a scale from 0 to 100 points, the level of depressive symptoms between IVG and WCG at T0 did not significantly differ (IVG: 49.21; WCG 46.93 scale points; The second row of The descriptive data of The level of depressive symptoms and/or the duration of unemployment, respectively, before the JOBS training will moderate the effect of the intervention on mental health.The results do not support the hypotheses that (1) the level of depressive symptoms and/or (2) the duration of unemployment before the JOBS training will moderate the effect of the intervention on mental health. First, the interaction terms included in model 3 have only small regression coefficients, and second, these estimates are far from statistically significant (“Intervention X Dur_Unempl”: Unstandardized coefficients resulting from OLS linear regression models for the effects of the JOBS Program Germany intervention and baseline predictors on job search-specific self-efficacy and satisfaction with life at first interview after the intervention (T1).In models 2 and 3, included predictors vary between the different outcome variables. They were selected (1) on a theoretical basis or (2) if they have been shown to be statistically associated with the outcome variable in different bi- and multivariate pretests at a significance level <0.2. * Unstandardized coefficients resulting from OLS linear regression models for the effects of the JOBS Program Germany intervention and baseline predictors on mental health outcomes at first interview after the intervention (T1).In models 2 and 3, the included predictors vary between the different outcome variables. They were selected (1) on a theoretical basis or (2) if they have shown to be statistically associated with the outcome variable in different bi- and multivariate pretests at a significance level <0.2. * 