Ruminative response scale of the response styles questionnaire [RSQ].
The RSQ was designed to assess the response styles rumination and distraction, both are possible reactions to dysphoric emotion. The 21-item rumination scale includes self-focus, symptoms, their possible consequences and causes. All items are assessed on a 4-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (“almost never”) to 4 (“almost always”), with higher scores indicating a more frequent use of the response style.