Study protocol and eligibility criteria
cognitive impairment
DENTAL CARIES, DISEASE, PERIODONTAL DISEASE, SEVERE PERIODONTAL DISEASE
Thirty healthy participants were voluntarily recruited for this study. The inclusion criteria for this study were as follows: (1) those older than 19 years of age and younger than 85 years of age, without a periodontal disease or medical disease; (2) those with ≥16 remaining teeth excluding the third molars; (3) those who did not have prostheses that exceeded the range of incisal edges and occlusal surfaces such as laminates and crowns on the teeth to be evaluated; and (4) those who could voluntarily sign the consent form. Those who received local and systemic antibiotics, heavy smokers, pregnant women, persons with severe periodontal disease (> 4 mm on probing depth), those with dental caries that required restorative treatment, or persons with cognitive impairment were excluded from the study. The study protocol and measurements are shown in Supplementary Fig. 