Introduction
hip fracture, postoperative pain, nausea, end-stage osteoarthritis, vomiting, dizziness, femoral neck fracture, arthroplasty, femoral head necrosis
Hip arthroplasty is recognized as an effective therapy for end-stage osteoarthritis of the hip, femoral neck fracture, and femoral head necrosis. However, patients who underwent hip arthroplasty often experience moderate to severe postoperative pain, which hampers early mobilization, prolongs hospital stay, and worsens postoperative function. Opioids, the mainstay of postoperative pain control, are associated several undesirable side effects such as dizziness, sedation, nausea, and vomiting [Optimal regional analgesia for hip arthroplasty should expedite recovery and rehabilitation. This requires not only minimizing postoperative pain during activity but also maximizing the retention of mobility. The pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block, which has been successfully employed for analgesia in patients with hip fracture and surgery, and has been shown to facilitate early postoperative mobilization [