Introduction
inflammation, diabetes
INFLAMMATION, CHRONIC INFLAMMATION, PRE-DIABETES, PATHOGENESIS, DIABETES
The prevalence of diabetes has increased worldwide, and it is predicted to affect almost 783.2 million people by 2045 (Considerable evidence has demonstrated that chronic low-grade inflammation caused by aberrant activation of the innate immune system plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of diabetes (Over the past decade, it has been widely recognized that alterations in NLRP3 inflammasome activity is implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes. In mice, ablation of NLRP3 prevented the obesity-induced inflammasome activation in fat depots and liver together with enhanced insulin-signaling (The prevalence of diabetes is increasing rapidly and this is largely due to the alterations of lifestyle, in particular, excess energy intake and lack of physical activity are critical risk factors for diabetes. Therefore, to prevent pre-diabetes from developing into diabetes at an early stage, lifestyle intervention such as enhancing physical activity has been found to be very promising. Indeed, it has been well established that appropriate exercise is an effective strategy against diabetes but its underlying mechanisms remains unclear. Overwhelming studies have confirmed a strong association between physical inactivity and a moderate degree of chronic inflammation (