Results
PAD, LEAKAGE
Compared to the 24-h pad test, the sensitivity of the HCST ranged from 0.81–0.95, specificity was 0.76–0.79, negative predictive value was 0.96–0.99 and positive predictive value was 0.32–0.43. Reliability was indicated by high-performing Cronbach’s alpha value (> 0.7). An improvement of ≥ 2 leakage groups on the HCST (for example from Large at baseline to Small leakage at follow-up) was strongly associated with patient-reported success on PGI-I (OR 4.38, 95% CI 2.31, 8.31).