5. Conclusions
diabetes
METABOLIC DISTURBANCE, DIABETES
Globally, the nutritional improvements of the enriched products led to an improvement in postprandial glycemic and insulin responses in healthy subjects. This beneficial short-term effect may be based on complementary mechanistic effects on glucose metabolism by playing on carbohydrate digestibility:SDS, due to the limitation of its gelatinization during the cooking process, is digested slowly in the small intestine, leading to the slow release of glucose in the bloodstream.The cranberry polyphenols included in the cereal matrix can interact with α-amylase and α-glucosidase to slow down starch digestion. As an important fraction of the available starch in the products, the rapidly digestible starch fraction is gelatinized, and the polyphenols may interfere favorably with this starch fraction to slow down its digestion.Part of the fibers are soluble and they might interfere with the gastric bolus and potentially slightly slow down the starch digestion (excepted minimal effect).The significant short-term effects observed have been established in healthy subjects and could also prove valuable for individuals at cardiometabolic risk or with metabolic disturbances, including individuals with diabetes. Further research is needed to fully evaluate the potential implications of these findings in a clinical context and after several weeks of ingestion and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and potential food synergy interactions on health.