Muscle morphology
upper-limb and lower-limb bone-free lean mass
Whole-body and regional bone-free lean mass and fat mass were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA, QDR-1500; Hologic Discovery A, Waltham, MA, USA). Appendicular lean mass was derived from the sum of upper-limb and lower-limb bone-free lean mass [