Sex and 
ONCOLOGY, REGRESSION
The univariable analysis (UVA) using LMM identified sex and ECOG performance status as being strongly associated with the QoL measurements and was confirmed to be independently significant in multivariable analysis (MVA) after backward elimination for model selection. Therefore, these two variables were incorporated in all adjusted GMMs (Table Univariable and Multivariable results on QoL using LMMβ:Regression coefficient estimate.95% confidence interval for each clinical variable by a linear mixed effect model.

Reference level for categorical variable in the analysis.ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group.Within each treatment arm, the longitudinal global QoL data of the first 16 weeks after study entry was independently and optimally clustered into three classes by GMM. However, the two treatment arms have classes that have different longitudinal patterns of global QoL.The mean of EORTC‐QLQ‐C30 global summary scores for the two treatment arms is presented in Figure For the experimental (E) treatment arm, the BIC was 14,669. The entropy of this GMM was 0.75, which was higher than the acceptable value at 0.7(A) Estimated EORTC QLQ C30 for the three classes of the Cetuximab plus Brivanib treatment arm by GMM. EORTC QLQ C30 is the QoL in our paper. Baseline starts from the randomization.(B) Estimated EORTC QLQ C30 for the Cetuximab plus placebo treatment arm by GMM. EORTC QLQ C30 is the QoL in our paper. Baseline starts from the randomizationFor the standard (control, C) treatment arm, the BIC was 14,312, the entropy term was 0.69 (Table 