Data collection
Demographic information, including age, gender, smoking habits, systemic health, and occupation were collected from the CRFs. The patients’ systemic health conditions were classified according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical status (ASA-PS).Information relating to the surgical procedure included the following: the type of surgery, arch involved, site involved, the extension of the surgical site (number of teeth involved), buccal and or palatal/lingual flap involvement, vertical releasing incisions and location (mesial and/or distal), and execution of a distal wedge. In case of periodontal plastic surgery with a connective tissue graft, the palatal harvesting technique, dimension of the graft, and use of periodontal dressing were recorded. In case of regenerative procedures, information regarding biomaterials (enamel matrix derivative, bone substitute, membrane) was collected. Additional information gathered included surgeon experience, duration of the surgery, number of surgical assistants, and whether intraoral pictures were performed.