Introduction
norovirus gastroenteritis, norovirus, diarrheal diseases, deaths, non-bacterial gastroenteritis
DISEASE, VIRUS, DIARRHEAL DISEASES
Noroviruses are the leading cause of sporadic and epidemic acute non-bacterial gastroenteritis and foodborne diarrheal diseases in humans worldwide, resulting in an estimated 669 million illnesses and 219,000 deaths across all age groups each year (Noroviruses are a group of non-enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses. Their genome consists of three open reading frames (ORFs), with ORF2 encoding the major capsid protein VP1, which is the determining factor for the virus’s antigenicity and can be used to classify noroviruses into 10 genogroups (GI to GX) and 49 confirmed genotypes (No approved vaccines against norovirus are currently available, making the development of an efficacious vaccine to prevent severe norovirus gastroenteritis a high priority considering the burden of disease caused by norovirus. Several candidate vaccines are currently under development, with projections indicating that they could have both clinical and economic benefits, including reduced healthcare costs and decreased absenteeism (This publication provides a more in-depth evaluation of the immune responses observed in our clinical trial of the first plant-produced, prophylactic vaccine candidate manufactured in Europe (