Study design and participants
hypoesthesia, hyperalgesia, neuropathy, hypoalgesia, pain, neuropathy disability, diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy
CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, COLD, HEAT, NEUROPATHY
From the 41 originally randomized participants to M-Diet group (n = 19) and FMD group (n = 21), 31 (M-Diet group n = 14; FMD group n = 17) agreed to undergo extensive neuropathy assessment before and after diet intervention. One participant in the M-Diet group had a pacemaker and therefore was excluded from nerve conduction velocity study. 13 participants (M-Diet group n = 6; FMD group n = 7) consented to an MRN- imaging of the lower limb at baseline and at the end of study. Metabolic and anthropometric measurements at baseline were comparable between the two study groups. At note there were no differences in age, sex, BMI, glycemic, blood pressure and lipid control. All study participants were non-smokers (Patient characteristics at baseline.Data are shown as mean ± standard deviation (SD) for normally distributed variables, median (interquartile range) for log-normally distributed variables, or frequencies n (%) for categorical variables. P-values represent the difference between the study groups. Bold values represent statistical significance changes (P<0.05).Parameters of quantitative sensory testing were compared to reference values, which were used to calculate z-scores for all single tests, except PHS and DMA: z-score positive values = hyperalgesia, z-score negative values = hypoesthesia or hypoalgesia.M-Diet, Mediterranean diet; FMD, fasting-mimicking diet; BMI, body mass index; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; CKD-EPI, Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration; HDL, high-density-lipoprotein; LDL, low-density-lipoprotein. NSS neuropathy symptom score; NDS, neuropathy disability score; DSPN, diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy; NCV nerve conduction velocity; SNAP, sensory nerve action potential; CMAP, compound motor action potential; CDT, cold detection threshold; WDT, warm detection threshold; TSL, thermal sensory limen; CPT, cold pain threshold; HPT, heat pain threshold; PPT, pain pressure threshold; MPT, mechanical pain threshold; MPS, mechanical pain sensitivity; WUR, wind-up ratio; MDT, mechanical detection threshold; VDT, vibration detection threshold; FA, sciatic nerve’s fractional anisotropy.