Statistical analysis
SD, pain
IBM-SPSS 24.0 (IBM-SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) was used for data verification, coding by the researcher and analysis. The normality of data distribution among the studied groups was tested with the Shapiro-Wilk and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests. Normally distributed continuous data were reported as means ± (SD) and were compared with 2-sided independent t-tests for equal variances. Non- Normally distributed interval data and ordinal data were reported as medians (interquartile range [IQR]) and were compared using the T-test. Categorical variables are presented as counts (percentages) and were evaluated with the Fisher exact test. Nonparametric correlations using the Spearman rho correlation coefficient between the global QoR-40 and “both opioid consumption and the pain subcomponent of the QoR-40” were performed. The level of rejection of the null hypothesis, using the T-test was set at P value < 0.05 for the postoperative cumulative 48 h morphine consumption.