Conclusion
proven/probable IFD, ALL
PEDIATRIC ALL
In conclusion, our data show that the overall incidence rate of IFD in pediatric ALL is relatively low, but independent risk factors such as older age and treatment-response can define high risk groups for IFD. Based on this characterization of risk groups, randomized trials on antifungal prophylaxis can be designed, which may ultimately improve the overall outcome of ALL, as our data demonstrate that proven/probable IFD is an independent risk factor for both event-free and overall survival of children with ALL.