Background
malocclusion, FM
CONSTRICTION
Skeletal Class III malocclusion is considered one of the most challenging problems to manage in orthodontics with early intervention usually required. Sixty-seven percent of patients with Class III malocclusion present with maxillary retrognathism [Facemask (FM) is the most common modality used for maxillary protraction in the early mixed dentition [De Clerck et al. [The alternate rapid maxillary expansion and constriction (Alt-RAMEC) protocol was used to increase the orthopedic effect of the protraction appliances by loosening the circummaxillary sutures [To our knowledge, the literature lacks randomized controlled studies that evaluate the effects of the MAMP in growing Class III patients compared to changes with growth in an untreated control group. This study aimed to evaluate the skeletal, dentoalveolar, and soft tissue effects of MAMP and compare them with the growth changes in the untreated control group.