Experimental methods
We collected granulation tissue samples from both groups on Days 7, 14, and 21 postsurgery to analyze Bcl‐2 and Bax levels using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and to measure granulation tissue apoptosis using the TUNEL assay.We used Human B lymphocytoma‐2 (Bcl‐2) ELISA kit (enzyme immunoassay, MM‐0381H1) B lymphocytoma‐2 associated X protein (Bax) ELISA kit (enzyme immunoassay, MM‐1143H1), and the TUNEL cell apoptosis kit (Beyotime, C1098).