Participants
dementia, informant-reported cognitive complaints
HEART FAILURE, MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
The local ethics committee and institutional review board approved the study protocol. Participants were recruited from local community facilities and day care centers. The inclusion criteria were (1) age ≥ 60 years, (2) having self- or informant-reported cognitive complaints, (3) the ability to follow instructions (≥ 17 points on the Mini-Mental State Examination), (4) < 26 points on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), (5) no difficulty with basic activities of daily living, and (6) no diagnosis with dementia by a neurologist. Participants were excluded if they had recent myocardial infarction, heart failure, recent heart surgery, severe asthma, cognitive decline concomitant with other neurologic disorders, or an unstable medical condition that might prevent them from performing physical exercise or cognitive training.