Participants and settings
allergic, coagulopathy, hepatic tumors
COAGULOPATHY, HEPATIC TUMORS
The study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Beijing, China. Patients undergoing open hepatectomy for hepatic tumors were screened for eligibility. Inclusion criteria were: (1) 18–70 years old; (2) American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I-III; (3) hepatectomy with a J-shaped subcostal incision; (4) informed consent signed. Exclusion criteria were: (1) allergic to medications used; (2) coagulopathy or on anticoagulants; (3) recent or long-term use of analgesics; (4) participating in other trials or unable to cooperate.