Discussion
death, pneumonia, Azygos vein preservation, fistula, multiple sclerosis, anastomotic leak
ANASTOMOTIC LEAK, PNEUMONIA, MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
Since Cameron Haight described the first successful primary repair of EA–TEF by performing esophageal anastomosis and fistula division in 1943, few modifications have been made to this surgical procedure [In their meta-analysis on the influence of Azygos vein preservation, Kainth et al. recommended conducting a randomized controlled trial with a large sample size using a standardized operating technique for the surgical repair of esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula. Consequently, the two operating approaches employed in our study, which were standardized by the same surgical team, were used to compare the surgical outcomes of the two groups of TEF patients and to evaluate the effects of preserving the Azygos vein on surgical outcomes [In this study, we performed a tailored esophageal anastomosis medial to the Azygos arch. Although esophageal anastomosis to the preserved Azygos arch can be performed either medially or laterally, it is commonly performed laterally owing to its simplicity. Rashid et al. [Bronchial veins can flow into the Azygos arch [Sharma et al. [A meta-analysis conducted by Wang et al. [Cui et al. [The risk of death was not only related to hemodynamic stability caused by Azygos vein ligation but also to severe anastomotic leak and pneumonia, as described by Upadhyaya et al. [It makes sense to advise against dividing the Azygos vein during EA–TEF repair, as it is crucial for venous drainage. This modification of the original treatment is recommended because of the numerous benefits of preserving this vein, as indicated in the present study. Furthermore, if the theory linking multiple sclerosis to failure of the cerebrospinal fluid venous drainage system is true, it may underscore the crucial role of preserving the Azygos vein. [