Emergency Department and Urgent Care Visits
Mothers reported the number of times they brought their child to an emergency department (ED) or urgent care center in the past year using a categorical indicator (0 visits, 1 visit, 2-5 visits, or ≥6 visits). Across waves of data collection, between 35% and 54% of mothers reported at least 1 visit, and nearly all mothers (98%-99%) reported fewer than 6 or more visits. For analyses, we created an ordinal variable reflecting whether the mother reported 0, 1, or 2 or more ED or urgent care visits in the last year.