Discussion
depression, anxiety
Our study included subjects from both preclinical (42.8%) and clinical years (57.1%). They were predominantly from the governmental medical college KSU (59.5%) and female (64.2%). The baseline characteristics and the pre-test measures (time 0) indicated no initial difference between the MBSR and waitlist groups. Which is reflecting the desired effect of randomization.Unexpectedly, the post-test measures (time 1) were not supportive of the study hypothesis. In the MBSR group, three participants did not attend any sessions, and 12 participants attended less than 75% of the sessions. This was expected, given the fact that studying in medical colleges is naturally demanding and connected to long studying hours and limited sleep [Interestingly, the follow-up measures (time 2) showed better outcomes in terms of mean differences between the groups in depression, anxiety, and stress scales (the mean differences were -2.828, -3.935, and -4.328, respectively). Although these results reflected a favorable direction toward better outcomes, only anxiety had a statistically significant change. Equally important was that attending more sessions was found to have a desirable effect on depression and anxiety. Similarly, De Vube et al. found that the attendance rate in a mindfulness-based training can predict better outcomes in psychology and medical students [Notably, the majority of participants in many studies, including our study, were females [Obviously, the variation in attendance between males and females may have contributed to these findings. As shown in 