Study design and participants
mental illness, redness, allergic, pain, infection
INFECTION
In this parallel randomized controlled trial, 84 patients who were hospitalized in the oncology department of a Grade III Level-A hospital in Shanghai from January to March 2023 were selected as the study subjects. All these patients were implanted with a chest wall TIVAP and required non-coring needle puncture for infusion. After admission, these patients were randomly assigned to the intervention group (42 cases) and the control group (42 cases). Inclusion criteria were as follows: ① age ≥ 18 years old; ② no history of mental illness, normal cognition, and clear language expression; ③ normal pain response; ④ intact skin at the injection port, without damage, redness, or infection. Exclusion criteria were the following: ① long-term use of analgesic drugs; ② allergic to lidocaine. This study was approved by Human Trial Ethics Review Committee of Shanghai General Hospital, and all subjects provided informed consent and voluntarily participated in the study.