Intervention
The control group received no extra intervention and continued their routine. The Chan-Chuang and resistance exercise groups were guided to perform the corresponding exercises in the following eight weeks, and their routines were retained. The two groups practiced in two different activity rooms at the detention center, and our researchers were on hand to provide guidance and supervision during the exercises. The participants carried out the assigned exercise at 10 a.m. from Monday to Friday and underwent weekly tests every weekend throughout the intervention. Each exercise lasted 30–40 min (including a 5-min warm-up), and their detailed exercise contents are demonstrated in Intervention and designed exercise.During the intervention, if participants failed to adhere to our research protocol, we would assess the degree of non-compliance, engage in communication with participants to resolve the issue, offer support and encouragement, and carefully record interactions and the underlying reasons. During data collection and analysis, we would consider the presence of non-adherent participants and utilize sensitivity analysis and statistical adjustments as necessary. Meanwhile, we would uphold ethical standards throughout the entire research process and maintain transparent reporting of any instances of non-compliance.