Limitations
Although we aimed to provide a comprehensive and systematic review of the economic value of clinical-grade mobile app–based DTx, there are several limitations to be acknowledged. First, only studies written in English were included. These studies were identified using a finite list of specific search terms; however, widely varying terminologies exist in the literature with reference to DTx, such as medical apps, digital therapies, or simply digital health technologies. As a result, it is possible that not all relevant studies assessing the economic impact of DTx may have been identified. Second, DTx interventions can be delivered through different modalities, including, but not limited to, virtual reality devices, mobile apps, web-based platforms, or a combination of these. To draw robust conclusions about mobile DTx as an emerging category of technologies in the clinical arena, this review focused exclusively on mobile app–based DTx and excluded multimodal DTx or those not primarily using a mobile app as the core delivery mechanism.