Ethics approval and consent to participate
DISEASE
All hospitals involved in the KOCOSS cohort obtained approval from their respective institutional review board committees and informed consent from their patients. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the KONKUK University Medical Center (IRB No. KHH1010338). This study used data from KNHANES as validation cohort and KNHANES was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Korea Centers for Disease Control (IRB No. 1401–047-547). The patients/participants provided their written informed consent to participate in this study.