Participants, randomization, and ethical approval
disability of the arm, shoulder, and hand, cross-body
A minimum group size of 30 individuals is deemed necessary for experimental research to make a valid generalizationConsolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) flow chart showing the number of assessed, recruited, and analyzed participants in both groups.Demographic characteristics, variables data, and p-values for the Shapiro–Wilk test of normality.MSSG: modified sleeper stretch group; MCBSG: modified cross-body stretch group; SD: standard deviation; IR: internal rotation; ROM: range of motion; DASH: disability of the arm, shoulder, and hand.*Significant.A familiarization session was held before the intervention to ensure the participants felt at ease with the study protocol. Participants were randomly allocated into the Modified sleeper stretch group (MSSG) and the Modified cross-body stretch group (MCBSG) by a physical therapist. This physical therapist was not associated with the study. For randomization, the lottery method and the website randomization.com was used. Written informed consent was obtained from each participant before the study initiation, and the Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association, the Declaration of Helsinki were followed. The institutional ethics committee of the Co-Operative Institute of Health Sciences, Thalassery, Kannur (IRB No: 3/2015/MPT-Musculoskeletal & Sports/CIHS) approved the study. The study was conducted at Trivandrum Tennis Club, Thiruvananthapuram, and Lakshmibai National College of Physical Education. The study has been registered on clinicaltrials.gov (Protocol Registration and Results System, ID: NCT05540301, date: 14/09/2022). The outcome measures were assessed by another physical therapist blinded to the participants' allocation.