Statistical analysis
bleeding
SECONDARY, PATHOLOGY, BLEEDING
In this study, PASS 14 (PASS software, Kaysville, Utah, USA; All analyses were conducted in accordance with the intention-to-treat principle. Continuous variables are expressed as mean (SDs), and categorical variables as frequencies and percentages. Descriptive statistics were used for baseline characteristics and outcomes. Group differences at baseline were reported using one-way analysis of variance, chi-square (χ2) test, or nonparametric test, as appropriate, and the 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated. Due to the prespecified sequence of rehabilitation training comparisons (ACBT vs. Acapella plus ACBT, ACBT vs. EDP plus ACBT, Acapella plus ACBT vs. EDP plus ACBT; results were interpreted as if from three independent trials, with interpretation for one comparison independent of the outcome of another), no adjustment for multiple comparisons was performed in the study.For primary and secondary outcome analyses, repeated-measures linear mixed models (LMMs) were conducted to assess the intervention effects. The main effects of group and time and interaction effects between group and time were examined in the LMMs using repeated measurements of the groups at baseline and the two follow-up points (i.e., at the 1-week and 1-month follow-ups), adjusting for baseline demographic and disease-related characteristics (i.e. age, sex, height, weight, education level, smoking amount, smoking years, pathology typing, type of procedure, operative time, anaesthesia time, and bleeding volume) and baseline outcomes of functional capacity and lung function parameters. The R package nlme was used to conduct the LMM analysis. In addition, the R packages ggplot2 (version 3.3.5) and ggprism (version 1.0.3) were used to draw line charts. PPCs were listed by group. The total incidence of PPCs, drainage tube removal time and postoperative hospital stay were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test. All analyses were conducted using the R software (version 4.1.2). 