Intervention
LEAKAGE
Nursing ethics education lesson plan in both experimental groups was conducted in a one-day workshop for 8 h in order to get acquainted with the basics and principles of ethical decision-making and to acquire ethical reasoning skills. The details of training program implemented for the two intervention groups is available in Additional File The educational content for both experimental groups was the same. So, there was no risk of between‑group information leakage. The educational content included teaching the basics and principles definitions of ethics, the importance of nurses’ awareness of ethics, the importance of ethics to nursing, the ethical principles of nursing practice (including independence, secrecy, and accountability), professional ethics, and the approaches to ethical decision‑making, Kohlberg’s level of moral development and presenting ethical scenarios. To determine the validity of the program syllabus, the opinions of faculty members and members of the hospital ethics committee were used.