Statistical methods
The primary comparison of interest was relapse-free efficacy over 6 months for tafenoquine plus dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine versus dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine alone. By means of the log-rank test for the primary comparison to detect a clinically meaningful difference of 35% in relapse-free survival rates over 6 months, and assuming a 50% rate on dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine alone,All randomly assigned patients who received at least one dose of masked treatment and had microscopically confirmed The primary endpoint, time to relapse over 6 months, was summarised by means of Kaplan-Meier estimates and analysed by means of a Cox's proportional-hazards model, adjusting for battalion, for the microbiological intention-to-treat (primary) and per-protocol (sensitivity) populations. Of note, the protocol described a log-rank test, but this was amended in the study analysis plan (finalised before the unmasking of the study) to Cox's proportional hazards. Patients were censored if they did not show initial clearance of 