Acknowledgements
The authors would like to express the appreciation to Dentspy Sirona for kindly providing us with the dental implants used in this in vitro study. Additionally, the authors are grateful to the dental technicians, including Xingmao Yin, Zhichun Zhang, Tao Wang, Senior engineer of digital dentistry, Yijiao Zhao and Yong Wang, as well as Dr. Ping Di, Dr. Xi Jiang and Dr. Ning Zhu from Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology for their support with the digital workflow techniques. Lastly, the authors would like to thank Dr. Christopher Deeble from Stanford University School of Medicine for his assistance with the grammar check and language polishing of the manuscript.