Design, participants, and setting
DISEASE
This was a randomized prospective comparative study that aimed to evaluate the likely changes in cerebral oxygenation and hemodynamic parameters with the use of minimal fresh gas flow systemic anesthesia in patients undergoing surgery in a PP. The study protocol was approved by the local ethics committee decision no: 1477 (05/11/2019) and the Clinical Trials registration was submitted retrospectively on 18/07/2022 and its ID number was NCT05462327. All patients were informed about the study protocol and signed written informed consent forms before enrolling in the study. All study procedures were performed in full compliance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.Participants in this study are fully informed of the purpose and nature of the study and which data involves the use of vital and laboratory values before and after surgery. It was explained to the participants that within the scope of the study, no additional examination (except for the examinations required for your disease) and tissue and biopsy material would not be requested. The participants were informed that there would be no change or disruption in their treatment if they refused to participate in the study or gave up later. It has been promised that the personal information of the participants (name and surname, etc.) identifying images or other personal or clinical details that compromise anonymity will not be published anywhere, shared with any institution or organization, and will not be disclosed to third parties.The study was carried out in operating rooms of orthopedics and traumatology and neurological surgery at Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. Patients were recruited for the study between October 2019 and March 2020 as shown in the CONSORT flow diagram (