Settings and participants
confusion, immunocompromised, hypoxemia, infection, asthma, dyspnoea, COPD
COPD, ASTHMA, INFECTION
A prospective, open label, randomized controlled trial was conducted at the respiratory clinics of Jordan University Hospital (JUH) and Islamic Hospital (IH) during the period between June/2020 and February/2021. All eligible participants were invited to take part in the study. Inclusion criteria included: 1) adult patients, 2) with established asthma or COPD diagnosis, 3) treated chronically with an inhaler (pressurized metered-dose inhaler (pMDI), Accuhaler, Respimat soft mist inhaler, Turbohaler, Handihaler, and/or Easyhaler), 4) since at least one month. Patients were excluded from the study if they were: 1) at high risk of infection (immunocompromised patients), 2) presenting with a very severe clinical presentation (severe dyspnoea, confusion due to hypoxemia, in need to continuous oxygen therapy).