Study design and participants
gynecological disorders, bleeding, allergy, dysmenorrhea, PMS
BLEEDING, PMS, ALLERGY, DYSMENORRHEA, CHRONIC DISORDERS, PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME, GYNECOLOGICAL DISORDERS
From December 2019 to March 2020, female students residing at five women’ university dormitories in Birjand (South Khorasan province, Iran), were invited for interview in the current randomized, triple‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial. This study was supported by Birjand University of Medical Sciences, and registered at Iranian Registry of Clinical Trial (IRCT20191112045424N1; available at: Volunteers who fulfilled the following inclusion criteria were recruited into the study: (1) an age between 18 to 24 years; (2) a marital status of single; (3) menstrual cycle days between 21 to 35 days, with the bleeding time lasting 3–7 days; (4) not suffering from gynecological disorders and allergy to herbs or medicinal plants, and (5) definitely diagnosed with both moderate to severe dysmenorrhea and PMS by a gynecologist. Exclusion criteria included participants who: had either acute or chronic disorders based on history and medical examinations, taking any kinds of medications or supplements, and undergone stressful conditions throughout the trial.Menstrual patterns were evaluated using a questionnaire consisted of items concerning the age of menarche, menstruation cycle days and duration of bleeding. Gynecologist diagnosed women who suffered from dysmenorrhea and PMS by using visual analogue scale (VAS) and PSST (Premenstrual Syndrome Screening Tool), respectively (Ayadilord et al., Although 200 women were eligible to take part in this study, only 76 met the inclusion criteria and were chosen for this trial (Figure Flow chart of trial.