Study protocol
stroke
STROKE
Three study time points were investigated. The first measurement started after induction of anesthesia, during a period of hemodynamic stability, defined as a change in invasive mean arterial pressure (MAP) of <10% within 5 minutes (T1) [Study protocol and concepts of baseline hemodynamic parameters and the absolute and percentage changes in hemodynamic parameters. IJVV, respiratory variation in the internal jugular vein; SVI, stroke volume indexAll these variables were measured without any external stimulation to the patient during this period, with a constant ventilator setting, in a hemodynamically steady state without use of inotropes or vasopressors. Furthermore, these parameters were recorded by an anesthesiologist who not involved in the study.