Introduction
rheumatic diseases, synovitis, rheumatic, RA disease, arthropathy, Rheumatoid arthritis, RA, autoimmune disease
RHEUMATIC DISEASES, SYNOVITIS, PROLIFERATION, AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES, ARTHROPATHY, RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS, DISEASES, AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE, COMPLICATIONS
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory, and progressive autoimmune disease characterized by synovitis, destructive arthropathy, and systemic complications [According to the evidence, the prevalence of rheumatic diseases such as RA has increased in the last decades, with a global prevalence of 460 per 100.000 population between 1980 and 2019 [RA patients require long-term treatment, and according to the evidence, currently available drugs have limited efficacy [Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue, placenta, umbilical cord, and others. MSCs are characterized by their regenerative and differentiation properties in multiple tissues, such as cartilage, muscle, tendon/ligament, and bone. Furthermore, MSCs have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects that can contribute to the therapeutic impact on several diseases, as they inhibit the proliferation and modulate immune cell responses such as T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, and natural killer cells [The immunomodulatory effect of MSCs could restore immunotolerance in RA patients, allowing complete discontinuation of immunosuppressive therapy [In recent years, clinical studies have demonstrated the benefits of MSCs for many autoimmune diseases, including rheumatic conditions such as RA disease [