
Randomization and blinding

Participants were randomly allocated to the intervention group (Radio‐Taiso plus nutrition program) or control group (only nutrition program) at a ratio of 1:1. Randomization was performed using computer‐generated blocked randomization (block size = 2) stratified by sex. A principal investigator at the TMIG sent the identification codes for participants to a university biostatistician, who combined prespecified randomization codes with participants' identification codes. Allocation concealment was not applied. Participants and assessors were blinded to group allocation during the trial period, to minimize performance and detection bias. Participants were informed that the nutrition program would be provided to all participants and the exercise program to some participants. They were blinded to the existence of group allocation.