Statistics
A series of within-subjects repeated measures ANOVAs were performed for all metrics. Primary variables consisted of MTP and midtarsal peak angles and ROM, negative MTP work and positive midtarsal work. Secondary variables were hallux COP, peak MTP and midtarsal plantarflexion joint moments, and peak forefoot and hallux vertical GRF. For each ANOVA, Mauchly’s test for sphericity was tested and corrected for if necessary. A Holm post hoc test was applied if the main effect showed significance (α = 0.05).