Treatment protocol
pain
PHOTOSENSITIZING
After full periodontal examination, all patients received nonsurgical periodontal therapy. All patients received motivation and instruction in proper oral hygiene followed by a full-mouth disinfection based on original approach described by Quirynen et al. in 1995 [Afterwards, the patients were randomly divided into test and control groups by computer randomisation list (excel, Microsoft, USA). The patients in the test group received aPDT as adjuvant treatment in pockets with PPD ≥ 5 mm. For this purpose, a diode laser (Fotona XD -2, Fotona,, Slovenia) with a wavelength of 810 nm, a power of 250 mW, and the photosensitizing agent indocyanine green (Cardiogreen, Sigma-Aldrich, USA) at a concentration of 1 mg/ml was used. First, the area to be irradiated was isolated, and the photosensitizing agent was applied to the periodontal pocket. After 60 s, the supragingival excess of the photosensitizing agent was removed by gentle rinsing with a saline solution. Ten-second irradiation of each site followed.All patients were instructed about postsurgical care, pain management if needed, and mouth rinsing with chlorhexidine 0.12% (Curasept ADS 212, Curasept, Italy) mouth wash twice daily for 1 min for 14 days after treatment.Ninety days after the treatment, full periodontal examination, microbiological sampling, and blood sampling for HbA1c analysis were performed, and the data was analysed.