Dietary assessment
All patients were educated about vitamin K rich food (containing more than 50 μg/100 g of phylloquinone or dihydrophylloquinone or more than 5 μg/100 g of menaquinone-4 according to the United States Department of Agriculture and Agricultural Research Service (USDA) [The average daily vitamin K intake of the study participants was calculated based on the number of portions of vitamin K rich food, as mentioned earlier, multiplied by the vitamin K content of these foodstuffs as per the USDA.