Hemodynamics in rest
HR and beat-to-beat BP waveform were monitored using a three-lead electrocardiogram (BSM-2401, Nihon Kohden, Tokyo, Japan) and finger photoplethysmography (Finometer MIDI, Finapres Medical Systems, Amsterdam, The Netherlands), respectively. The latter instrument was attached to the middle finger of the left hand. The BP value obtained from the finger was automatically reconstructed as the brachial BP value (Beatscope, version 1.1, Finapres Medical Systems, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) [