2.2. Study Design
This study used a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design (In the E-group, health and exercise classes led by health and exercise instructors were conducted at a public sports facility. Health and exercise classes were held for 90 min weekly for 12 weeks, for 12 sessions. No intervention was offered to the C-group for 12 weeks. Periodic phone calls were made approximately every four weeks to check the health status of the participants. Study participants whose health statuses were continuously confirmed through regular contact were included in the analysis. Twelve weeks after the initial measurement, post-intervention measurements were performed in both groups.