3.2. Effects of Snack Treatment on Dietary Intakes and Physical Activity
As planned with the study menus, no significant changes occurred over time in either group’s energy (calorie) intakes (Concomitant with the increase in dietary MUFA and PUFA, the TNsnack group had significantly decreased intakes of carbohydrates as a percentage of energy, as well as decreased intakes of total starch, total sugars, and refined grains. The effect of consuming tree nuts as snacks on lowering total sugars intake was significant for females and males (mean difference between snack groups: −25.60 ± 16.86 g, Overall, there were no significant changes between groups in the amount of time spent in physical activities, intensity of physical activities performed, or physical activity energy expenditure. Males in the TNsnack group increased time spent in moderate intensity activities (19.17 ± 25.21 min, 