Statistical analysis
PCOS
INSULIN RESISTANCE
Statistical analysis was conducted using the SPSS software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Chi-squared test was employed to analyze trends in categorical variables. The Shapiro–Wilk test was employed to assess the normality of continuous variables. Nonparametric tests (Mann–Whitney The correlation of HOMA-IR with clinical and biochemical variables was investigated using Spearman correlation. Finally, the data were analyzed using the backward stepwise selection model with age, H–P, O–H, O–P, and O–H–P variables to estimate the odds of insulin resistance by different PCOS phenotypes. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered to be significant.