Measurements
skeletal development stage, TG
BLOOD, IUGR, PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS
All patients were subjected to complete history taking such as maternal age, mode of delivery, and maternal dietary intake of omega 3 during pregnancy. Full clinical examinations were done for all included neonates e.g., gestational age assessment, vital signs, and anthropometric measurements such as weight, length, and head circumference (HC).The Ponderal index (PI) can be used to detect newborns with soft tissue mass that is below average for their skeletal development stage. PI has been used to assess the IUGR because low birth weight and IUGR tends to reoccur in siblings, and clustering of PI in sibling even persists after controlling for factors such as race, sex, maternal age, gravidity, year of birth, gestational age, pregnancy complications and poor maternal illnesses.The formula for calculating the PI is as follows: PI = birth weight (g)/(length in cm)Routine laboratory investigations such as complete blood count, serum urea and creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, C- reactive protein, and serum electrolytes such as serum sodium (Na), potassium (K), and calcium (Ca) were also performed at admission and after 2 weeks from omega 3 supplementation.Serum leptin level was measured using commercial ELISA assay kits (Ray Biotech Inc., Norcross).Serum lipid profile included total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoproteins (HDL), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) were measured by enzymatic colorimetric method using commercial kits (Biodiagnostic, Dokki, Giza, Egypt).All laboratory investigations were measured at admission and 2 weeks after omega 3 supplementation. Blood sampling was obtained before breastfeeding and at least 2 h after the previous feed between 8 and 10 am.