Results
one-week-long
EVENTS, EMA
The experiment took place from 29 March to 4 April 2021. The UK was in a state of lockdown then, but most regions in the UK were in the early phases of reopening. In total, 200 participants were added to the EMA software, 112 of whom downloaded the app, and 97 of those completed more than 50% of the EMA surveys. As indicated in our preregistration, participants who completed less than 50% of EMA surveys were excluded. Finally, two participants never reported having urges of non-adherence, and thus these were excluded from the final sample. In the final sample, there were 40 (42.1%) males, with a mean age of 41.0 (SD = 14.0), and 55 females (57.9%) with a mean age of 41.0 (SD = 12.5). See Table Demographic information of the sample, per groupFurther, 40 participants (42.1%) reported they had received a COVID-19 vaccine, and 5 reported that they had been diagnosed with COVID-19 at some point, with one participant reporting they had experienced both of these events. Even though the individual risk of COVID-19 is mitigated for vaccinated individuals and those who previously contracted COVID-19, they were still required to comply with the guidelines for various reasons. Therefore, vaccinated individuals were not excluded.Missing data in EMA study designs usually occurs survey-wise [Without the access to other momentary information that correlates with the outcome variables, this pattern of missingness largely prohibits the use of modern data methods to eliminate bias or improve statistical power. We did not find evidence the day of the week, the sex or age of participants impacted the outcome variables, so there appears to be no need to assume the pattern of missingness in this study gives reason to be concerned about biased estimates. Therefore, we conclude that the data is missing at random (MAR), and these variables are included in the statistical models so the risk of biased estimates is limited [Different types of urges occurred at different rates: over the one-week-long experiment, 83 out of the 95 participants reported the urge to leave the house at least once, and did so 6.80 times on average (There was high variance in the number of urges people experienced, and the average number of urges experienced was similar over the different groups: in the EFT group, people had 20.0 urges on average (The various types of urges were different in their intensity and in their controllability. We report these differences partitioned by group in Table The intensity of urges and the probability that participants controlled them, by allocation group