Intervention
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PEST
FAARM promoted small‐scale household poultry rearing alongside home gardening and nutrition counseling among the intervention households over 3 years, from mid‐2015 to mid‐2018, when field activities were phased out. One refresher training on nutrition was provided in mid‐2019. FAARM used a group leader approach, in which participants were organized into ‘women farmer groups’ and one lead farmer family oversaw a model farm and hosted trainings and meetings. Participating women received training on nutrition every 2 months, on vegetable production seasonally, and on poultry rearing annually. Full‐time project staff members led the training, and also conducted individual counseling sessions every 2 months to review key nutrition messages and provide technical support. Overall, training attendance averaged around 80%.Poultry rearing: Training on poultry production included information on selecting healthy local poultry, building an ‘improved’ poultry shed with separate levels for the hen and chicks and adequate ventilation (Supporting Information: Figure Home gardening: Training was provided on year‐round vegetable cultivation and fruit tree production. Several gardening techniques were taught, including the use of raised beds, live fencing, pest management, composting and soil management, seed preservation, sack gardening, and production of urine‐enriched biochar fertilizer (Sutradhar, Nutrition counseling: Topics in nutrition, health, and hygiene were covered using an adult learning approach. Training followed the global Essential Nutrition Actions approach including sessions on breastfeeding, infant and young child feeding, maternal nutrition, and sick child care (World Health Organization, 