Discussion
tissue autoimmunity, pemphigus
INFLAMMATION, PATHOGENESIS, PEMPHIGUS
The role of TLSs in the pathogenesis of pemphigus remains unknown, although TLSs have been detected in inflamed lesions in patients with pemphigus (Given that mature TLSs provide an inflammatory antitumor environment and contribute to peripheral tissue autoimmunity (Tregs have classically been recognized to suppress inflammation, but recent studies have shown that Tregs located in nonlymphoid tissues have functional diversity beyond immunosuppression (In the present study, the scalp was the most common site where skin TLSs were present, and skin TLSs, specifically B cell–enriched structures, were primarily located adjacent to hair follicles. Immune cells, including dendritic cells, various T cell subsets, and Tregs, have been known to be localized especially near hair follicles in the skin (In conclusion, our study showed the pathogenicity of skin TLSs and introduces a local therapeutic approach for controlling chronic lesions in pemphigus. Our approach provides critical insights byusing scRNA-Seq and scTCR-Seq data coupled with highly multiplex imaging data into the expansion and activation of CXCL13