Changes in CA HIV-1 US RNA per participant per arm at four time points during the LUNA study.
viremia
VIREMIA
(On pyrimethamine monotherapy, six of seven PLWH responded after the first dose at the 6-hour time point (We did not observe plasma viremia despite the observed increases in CA US HIV-1 RNA. We found no evidence that pyrimethamine induced plasma viremia at the day 1 time point when all PLWH were on their allocated treatments; five PLWH exposed to pyrimethamine and four PLWH not exposed to pyrimethamine had plasma HIV-1 RNA detected below the assay quantitation limit. These included six PLWH, equally divided by pyrimethamine exposure or not, who had no viral genome detected before drug administration. When evaluating the entire 6-week trial period, plasma HIV-1 RNA remained below the lower limit of quantification (LOQ) in the majority of participants (table S6) except for two participants on VPA, one participant on pyrimethamine, and one participant on combination treatment (all <50 copies/ml). These findings indicate that the intracellular effect of pyrimethamine did not result in measurable cell-free HIV-1 RNA in the plasma of participants.