Implications
infection, anxiety, pain
INFECTION
Given that venipuncture is one of the most frequently performed and distressing procedures in hospitalized pediatric patients, the results generated in this study may contribute tangible improvements to patient care and outcomes. Our encouraging results imply that an IVR intervention can be adopted as a high-quality clinical intervention for simultaneously offering distraction and procedural information to mitigate pain and anxiety in children undergoing venipuncture. In contrast to previously used approaches (eg, playing with toys and soothing by adults) that are time and resource-intensive,As IVR devices are becoming increasingly affordable, health care professionals may benefit from integrating IVR interventions into routine practices. However, prior to clinical implementation, measures need to be considered to ensure that strict infection control is maintained in hospital settings, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, and that staff are trained to supervise interventions and operate IVR equipment.