Electrophysiological study (EPS)
HAVB, EPS, TAVR
A focused EPS was performed in all patients directly before and immediately after TAVR. A quadripolar standard diagnostic catheter (5F, Woven, Boston Scientific) was positioned at the His bundle to measure HVi and atrial-His interval (AHi), and thereafter maneuvered in the right ventricle apex for temporary pacing during valve deployment. After TAVR, the quadripolar diagnostic catheter was re-positioned at the His bundle for post TAVR measurements. In case of HAVB post TAVR, the catheter remained in the ventricular position for pacing.