Extraction of variables and study outcomes
We extracted the following data: demographic characteristics, vital signs, comorbidities, severity scores on admission to the ICU, laboratory results (within the first day of admission to the ICU), interventions, and medications. For variables measured multiple times, we used the first value. Our primary outcomes: all-cause mortality during ICU admission (ICU mortality); Secondary outcome: all-cause 30-day mortality after ICU admission (30-day ICU mortality) and all-cause 90-day mortality after ICU admission (90-day ICU mortality).