4. Discussion
vibrates
HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE, ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION, PROLIFERATION, CONTRACTION, PRESSURE AREA, ELEVATED BLOOD PRESSURE, HYPERTENSION, DISEASES
Human blood pressure exhibits a distinct circadian rhythm. It is influenced by various humoral factors, including the vascular endothelial system, renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, catecholamines, other vasoactive substances, and autonomic and central nervous system.Liuzijue exercise is a traditional Chinese fitness practice emphasizing controlled exhalation and inhalation techniques, accompanied by pronouncing 6 specific characters: “Xu, He, Hu, Si, Chui, Xi.” These exercises were supplemented with simple arm-and-foot exercises to achieve the best results. Through exhalation and inhalation, the airflow vibrates and, exercises the 6 viscera of the liver, heart, spleen, lung, kidney, and gallbladder. The vibrations generated by the airflow were transmitted inside and outside the body simultaneously. The pronunciation of the corresponding mouth shape will resonates with the corresponding organs when transmitted internally. The guiding actions of the hands and feet jointly stimulate the circulation of the corresponding meridians of the Zang organs and promote the movement of qi and blood in the meridians to achieve the effects of fueling and dispelling evil and treating diseases. Compared to aerobic endurance exercises, such as jogging and swimming, Liuzijue presents a more conservative and gentle exercise approach with a narrower intensity range. Moreover, its versatility allows for its practical use in various environments, making it particularly suitable for individuals with high blood pressure. Notably, several studies have demonstrated that engaging in Liuzijue exercise can enhance vascular function, regulate intestinal flora composition, reduce blood pressure levels and stabilize blood pressure variability.The results of this study showed that the 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure of the 2 groups of subjects who received 12 weeks of exercise intervention improved to varying degrees after the experiment. Simultaneously, a rising trend was observed in the proportion of patients displaying a dipper blood pressure pattern within both the morning and afternoon exercise groups when compared to preexperiment measurements. Among them, the patients who engaged in the morning Liuzijue exercise exhibited a notable improvement in 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure. The research findings demonstrate that practicing Liuzijue exercises in the morning confers significant benefits to patients with essential hypertension. These benefits include the effective reduction of 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure, regulation of blood pressure variability, and facilitation of the transition from a non-dipper blood pressure pattern to a regular dipper blood pressure pattern.The vasoconstrictive factors endothelin (ET) and vasodilatory factor nitric oxide (NO) are crucial vasoactive substances that maintain basal tension in blood vessels. ET induces vascular smooth muscle contraction, thereby increasing blood pressure and augmenting peripheral vascular resistance. Conversely, NO can relax vascular smooth muscle cells and inhibit their proliferation, which actively regulates blood pressure and prevents excessive elevations. Moreover, studies have revealed the potential involvement of both NO and ET in regulating the circadian rhythm of blood pressure.Alterations in the circadian rhythm of blood pressure are correlated with disturbances in autonomic function. Such disruptions primarily manifest as an imbalance between the sympathetic and the parasympathetic nervous systems. Under normal physiological conditions, the human body engages in increased mental and physical activity during the daytime, which incites sympathetic nerve arousal and subsequently drive elevated blood pressure. Conversely, activity levels subside during nocturnal sleep, triggering heightened parasympathetic nerve activity and diminishing sympathetic nerve activity. Consequently, blood pressure decreases during nighttime hours.Furthermore, the aberrant circadian rhythm of blood pressure is intricately linked to hemorrheology. Qin conducted a comparative analysis of the hemorheological parameters among 148 patients diagnosed with essential hypertension.In the regulation of circadian rhythms in mammals, ambient light plays a highly significant role. Following the reception of external light cues, retinal ganglion cells convert ambient light intensity signals into nerve impulses.In 1983, the World Health Organization recommended nondrug therapy as a preliminary and adjuvant treatment for mild-to-moderate hypertension. Previous studies have shown that Liuzijue exercise can effectively lower blood pressure and improve cardiovascular function. However, few studies have focused on the best performance of Liuzijue exercise. This study’s innovation combines chronotherapy with sports medicine, and find that the morning is more suitable for exercise with essential hypertension. In the future, we can further develop the influence of the duration and intensity of Liuzijue exercise on treating diseases and develop an exercise prescription that is more suitable for patients with essential hypertension.