Data collection
MCPIS, infectious disease, infection
INFECTIOUS DISEASE, INFECTION
We used a three-part instrument to collect the study data. The first part included questions on the patients’ demographics and clinical information. The second part was the MCPIS. The MCPIS is a standard screening scale for the early detection of VAP. This scale includes five criteria: body temperature, leukocyte count, chest radiography, pulmonary secretion, and the PO2/FiO2 ratio. Each criterion is scored from zero to 2 as presented in Table 
The checklist for evaluation of guideline-based interventionsYes NOYes NOYes NOMorningEveningNightYes NOYes NOYes NOMorningEveningNightYes NOYes NOYes NOMorningEveningNightYes NOYes NOYes NOMorningEveningNightYes NOYes NOYes NOMorningEveningNightYes NOYes NOYes NOMorningEveningNightYes NOYes NOYes NOMorningEveningNightThe validity and reliability of the checklist were confirmed by 10 experts in intensive care including two anesthesiologists, two infectious disease specialists, two nursing instructors, two ICU nurses, and two infection control supervisors. We instructed the experts to use the AGREE II [