Overall difference
The control group's average VH score was 33.2/100 at T0 and 27.6/100 at T1, a 16.7% decrease (−5.5 points, p = 0.0002). In the MI group, the corresponding scores were 34.8/100 at T0 and 23.4/100 at T1, a 32.7% decrease (−11.4 points, p < 0.0001). The estimated D-I-D effect without covariables, that is, the net T1 − T0 difference of the VH scores between the MI and control groups was −5.8 points (p = 0.01); adding covariables to the overall model produced a similar result (D-I-D effect: −5.0 points, p = 0.02, 