2.1. Patient Population
trauma
This was a single-center, prospective, and randomized study. This study was approved by the Human Research and Ethics Committee at Soroka Medical Center (RN-0355-19-SOR). In this study, we recruited all patients who underwent elective open oncological abdominal surgery between December 2020 and January 2022 at Soroka University Medical Center, a 1000-bed tertiary-care, level I trauma center and university teaching hospital located in Beer Sheva, Israel. Formal informed consent for the study was obtained on the day before surgery. One hundred patients were included. The study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: 