Participants
middle-ear dysfunction, pre-lingual deafness
EAR, GROUP B
Unilateral CI recipients (aged 18–85 years, mean of 67.0) with at least six months CI experience and three months stability (MAP and impedance) were recruited from the Ear Science Implant Centre, Perth. For better comparison, only participants with a MED-EL multichannel CI (MED-EL Manufacturers, Innsbruck, Austria) were invited. Participants with pre-lingual deafness, known speech impediments, or contralateral severe middle-ear dysfunction were excluded. Qualified participants were randomly divided into two age-matched groups (Group A and Group B) before completing measures in the given order.