Materials and Methods
thirty-nine orthodontic, denture, orthodontic
 This double-blind, parallel, randomized clinical trial involved thirty-nine orthodontic patients indicated for removable orthodontic appliances. The patients were allocated into three groups according to the cleaning method: brushing with a denture brush and chlorhexidine (CHX) toothpaste, Lacalut cleaning tablet, and a combination of both cleaning methods. Each patient wore an upper removable appliance containing eight wells fitted with eight detachable acrylic tiles (four polished and four unpolished) for seven days. Five types of oral microbiota were evaluated using selective growth media and biochemical tests. The biofilm cleaning efficacy was assessed using the colony-forming unit (CFU) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 