Background
PD, death, tumor
ADVERSE EVENTS, TUMOR, SOLID TUMORS
Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) are key immune checkpoint inhibitors of the T-cell immune response. The combination of anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 antibodies has been tested extensively in multiple tumor types in clinical trials [However, the combined inhibition of both PD-1 and CTLA-4 can lead to an increase of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) compared to anti-PD-1 monotherapy [QL1706 was generated by using MabPair (patent No. US20190276542A1 in the USA, details in the Additional file Based on this information, we conducted this phase I/Ib trial to investigate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and preliminary efficacy of QL1706 in patients with advanced solid tumors that have limited treatment options and poor survival after standard treatment.