Conclusion
TRR, Thrombosis
EVENT, THROMBOSIS, EMERGENCY, CLOT, BLOOD
The use of Visual Clot, compared with ROTEM temograms, resulted in faster administration of the first targeted coagulation product, and the overall targeted coagulation therapy was more likely to be delivered correctly, resulting in high decision confidence and excellent user acceptance. Considering these results of Visual Clot, it could be interesting to suggest all relevant viscoelastic test manufacturers consider augmenting their complex result presentation with a user-centered, intuitive, and easy-to-understand visualization to ease the burden on users deriving from unnecessary cognitive load and to enhance patient care.The study was funded by the Institute of Anesthesiology, University of Zurich, and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. The authors are sincerely grateful to the staff of the Simulation Center at University Hospital Zurich for their support in conducting this study. We did not use generative AI in any portion of the manuscript writing.Authors' Contributions: CC, DRS, CBN, DWT, and TRR helped with the conceptualization and the design of the study. CC, AM, ADB, SA, MK, and BG helped to collect the data. CC, AM, ADB, SA, and DWT helped to analyze the data. JB performed formal analysis. CC wrote the original draft. CC, AM, ADB, SA, MK, BG, JB, DRS, CBN, DWT, and TRR helped to review and edit the manuscript and approved the final version.Conflicts of Interest: TRR is an inventor of Visual Patient Predictive technology, for which the University of Zurich and Koninklijke Philips N.V. hold patent applications and design protections. Joint-development and licensing agreements exist with Philips Medizin Systeme Böblingen GmbH, Böblingen, Germany; Koninklijke Philips N.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Philips Research/Philips Electronics Nederland BV, Eindhoven, The Netherlands; and Philips USA, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. Within the framework of these agreements, TRR receives travel support, lecturing and consulting honoraria, and may potentially receive royalties in the event of successful commercialization. TRR is an inventor of Visual Blood technology, for which the University of Zurich holds patent applications and design protections; potential royalties may follow successful commercialization.
CBN is the inventor of the Visual Patient, Visual Patient Predictive, Visual Clot, and Visual Blood technologies. Patents, design protections, and trademarks for these technologies are held by the University of Zurich. Joint development and licensing agreements are in place with various Philips entities, including Philips Medizin Systeme Böblingen GmbH, Koninklijke Philips N.V., Philips Research, and Philips USA. These agreements provide CBN with research funding, travel support, lecturing and consulting fees, and potential royalties upon possible successful commercialization. CBN has received travel support and honoraria from Instrumentation Laboratory-Werfen.
DWT is the first-named inventor of Visual Patient, Visual Patient Predictive, Visual Clot, and Visual Blood technologies. Patents, design protections, and trademarks for these technologies are held by the University of Zurich. Joint development and licensing agreements are in place with various Philips entities, including Philips Medizin Systeme Böblingen GmbH, Koninklijke Philips N.V., Philips Research, and Philips USA. These agreements provide DWT with research funding, travel support, lecturing and consulting fees, and potential royalties upon successful commercialization. DWT also serves on the Philips Patient Safety Advisory Board. Additionally, DWT has received support and honoraria from Instrumentation Laboratory-Werfen, the Swiss Foundation for Anaesthesia Research, and the International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine.
DRS is a designated inventor of Visual Clot technology, for which the University of Zurich holds various patents and trademarks. DRS may receive royalties in the event of successful commercialization. DRS received travel support for consulting Instrumentation Laboratory, Bedford, MA, USA.
DRS’s academic department is receiving grant support from the Swiss National Science Foundation, Berne, Switzerland; the Swiss Society of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Berne, Switzerland; the Swiss Foundation for Anesthesia Research, Zurich, Switzerland; Vifor SA, Villars-sur-Glâne, Switzerland; and Vifor (International) AG, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
DRS is cochair of the ABC-Trauma Faculty, sponsored by unrestricted educational grants from Novo Nordisk Health Care AG, Zurich, Switzerland; CSL Behring GmbH, Marburg, Germany; LFB Biomédicaments, Courtaboeuf Cedex, France; and Octapharma AG, Lachen, Switzerland.
DRS received honoraria and travel support for consulting or lecturing from: Alliance Rouge, Bern, Switzerland; Danube University of Krems, Austria; European Society of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Brussels, Belgium; Korean Society for Patient Blood Management, Seoul, Korea; Korean Society of Anesthesiologists, Seoul, Korea; Network for the Advancement of Patient Blood Management, Haemostasis and Thrombosis, Paris, France; Alexion Pharmaceuticals Inc., Boston, MA, USA; AstraZeneca AG, Baar, Switzerland; Bayer AG, Zürich, Switzerland; B. Braun Melsungen AG, Melsungen, Germany; CSL Behring GmbH, Hattersheim am Main, Germany and Berne, Switzerland; Celgene International II Sàrl, Couvet, Switzerland; Daiichi Sankyo AG, Thalwil, Switzerland; Haemonetics, Braintree, MA, USA; Instrumentation Laboratory (Werfen), Bedford, MA, USA; LFB Biomédicaments, Courtaboeuf Cedex, France; Merck Sharp & Dohme, Kenilworth, New Jersey, USA; Novo Nordisk Health Care AG, Zurich, Switzerland; PAION Deutschland GmbH, Aachen, Germany; Pharmacosmos A/S, Holbaek, Denmark; Pfizer AG, Zürich, Switzerland; Pierre Fabre Pharma, Alschwil, Switzerland; Portola Schweiz GmbH, Aarau, Switzerland; Roche Diagnostics International Ltd, Reinach, Switzerland; Sarstedt AG & Co., Sevelen, Switzerland and Nümbrecht, Germany; Shire Switzerland GmbH, Zug, Switzerland; Takeda, Glattpark, Switzerland; Tem International GmbH, Munich, Germany; Vifor Pharma, Munich, Germany; Neuilly sur Seine, France and Villars-sur-Glâne, Switzerland; Vifor (International) AG, St. Gallen, Switzerland; and Zuellig Pharma Holdings, Singapore, Singapore.
AM is an inventor of Visual Patient Predictive technology, for which the University of Zurich and Koninklijke Philips N.V. hold patent applications and design protections. Joint-development and licensing agreements exist with Philips Medizin Systeme Böblingen GmbH, Böblingen, Germany; Koninklijke Philips N.V., Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Philips Research/Philips Electronics Nederland BV, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; and Philips USA, Cambridge, MA, USA. Within the framework of these agreements, AM receives travel support, lecturing and consulting honoraria, and may potentially receive royalties in the event of successful commercialization.Coagulation management algorithm.Instructional Visual Clot Video.Case description, team briefing and viscoelastic test result presentation per scenario.Overview of simulation room.General Statements about Visual Clot Questionnaire.Example video sequence which was analyzed.Simulation-Based Research Extensions for the CONSORT and STROBE Statement Checklist.