Interventions
CMD, psychiatric
Participants in the intervention group were offered the FB intervention in addition to enhanced standard of care (SC). Participants in the control group received SC only.The FB intervention consisted of 6 weekly individual counseling sessions and an optional peer-led group support. Trained lay health workers facilitated these sessions, following a structured approach to identify problems, including adherence issues, and to foster a positive attitude toward resolving them. Lay health workers were selected from the existing pool of village health workers, regardless of sex or HIV status. Two FB trainers trained lay health workers in the FB program’s manualized protocol. Clinic nurses, trained in FB supervision, regularly supervised lay health workers. The intervention was delivered on a park bench at the health facilities or in clinic consultation rooms, making it easily accessible for individuals.After 4 sessions, participants were invited to join a peer-led group activity where they were trained in income-generating skills (eg, producing bags from recycled plastic). The support groups were initiated and facilitated by the lay health workers who provided the individual counseling sessions. These groups offered continuous support from lay health workers and peers. The FB intervention is described in detail elsewhere.SC consisted of nurse-led brief counseling, education regarding CMD, prescription of an antidepressant (fluoxetine), or referral to a psychiatric facility if indicated (see eMethods in 