Depression in women with PMAD
depression, Depression
The baseline scores were 12.88 ± 2.99 in the intervention group and 13.70 ± 3.78 in the control group, indicating near “depression”. After participation in this program, the mean EPDS scores decreased with time, with a mean score of 9.12, 9.18, 7.18, and 9.43 in that order. This indicates “no depression” at all time points in the experimental group (Fig. 
Changes in outcome measures over timeT0 = Before the intervention; T1 = After the intervention; T2 = 36 weeks of gestation. T3 = 2 months postpartum; T3 = 4 months postpartum; EPDS = Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale; PSS = Perceived Stress Scale; PRT = Pregnancy-Related Thoughts Questionnaire; PBQ = Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire.
Assessing the effects of the intervention on outcome measures using the GEE model or T-test (The experimental and control groups each consisted of 33 participants; GEE = Generalized Estimating Equation; 