Setting and Participants
MAY
This study took place from May 1, 2019, through March 4, 2021, with 12-month follow-up within a pharmacy program embedded in a general internal medicine practice affiliated with a safety-net hospital in Boston, Massachusetts. Patients who qualified for the hospital’s pharmacy program were eligible for the study. Qualification for the pharmacy program required that patients be aged 18 to 64 years, within the third to tenth percentile on an internal risk score (primarily comprised of inpatient and ED utilization over the last 12 months combined with indices of medical and social risk) among Medicaid ACO membership at the time of program enrollment, and attend a visit with a primary care clinician (nurse practitioner or physician). The pharmacy program constituted the usual pharmacy care group described below.