2.1. General characteristics
Crohn’s and Colitis
A retrospective multicenter case-control study design was used. The clinical data of patients with CD who underwent surgical treatment between September 2019 and September 2021 at the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, and the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were collected. In total, 240 patients were included. The diagnostic criteria established by the European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation were used for diagnosing CD