Statistical analysis
Data are presented as mean (SD) or Three models were presented for each outcome for maternal and cord blood analyses. For maternal analyses, Model 1 was unadjusted and Model 2 was adjusted for maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, ethnicity (European/non-European), parity (primiparous/multiparous), highest educational qualification and neonatal sex. Model 3 was adjusted for all factors in Model 2, but was also adjusted for concurrent maternal glycaemia, measured using CGM % time-in-range (%TIR; 3.5–7.8 mmol/l). We performed a preliminary assessment of the effect of the trial arm upon metabolites, independently of glycaemia, with no statistically significant results. We therefore did not adjust the analyses for the trial arm. For cord blood analyses, Model 1 was unadjusted and Model 2 was adjusted for maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, ethnicity (European/non-European), parity (primiparous/multiparous), highest educational qualification, neonatal sex, gestational age at birth, Caesarean delivery and antenatal steroid use. Model 3 was adjusted for all factors in Model 2, but also included maternal glycaemia at 34 weeks, measured using CGM %TIR (3.5–7.8 mmol/l). Stata 16.0 (StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA) was used for all analyses.To take account of the large number of inter-related variables, a modified Bonferroni method [Our sample size (