Discussion
tumor, cancer, inflammation, lung cancer, tumors
TUMOR, CANCER, INFLAMMATION, TUMOR NECROSIS, LUNG CANCER, TUMOR GROWTH, TUMORS, TUMORIGENESIS
In this study, we aimed to elucidate the effects of propofol and sevoflurane on lung cancer. Previous studies on the relationship between anesthetic drugs and tumors have mostly focused on in vitro experiments using cell lines and in vivo experiments using animals. Studies on human subjects were mostly retrospective and observational and lacked large-scale prospective studies. Moreover, the specimens collected were primarily peripheral body fluid, lacking direct evidence of the impact of anesthetic drugs on human tumor tissues. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first in vivo study using normal human lung and cancer tissues to investigate the effects of propofol and sevoflurane on lung cancer. We used RNA-seq analysis to identify key factors, applying a more accurate and integrated statistical model to identify DEG. This improved statistical model better reflected the differential effects of P and S during lung cancer resection.Inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and chemokines are rich in the tumor microenvironment, facilitating tumor growth and progression [As a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), CXCR1 is considered to be the main receptor for CXCL8 involved in tumorigenesis [Tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3) is an important deubiquitinating enzyme that has an impact on tumorigenesis, immune responses, and inflammation [In addition, local changes in tumors and their microenvironment exist even in the early stage of lung cancer, as shown by the high levels of molecular biomarkers related to local metabolic activity and inflammation in tumor tissue compared to surrounding lung tissue [However, in this study, there are several limitations: (1) without long-term follow-up, it is still uncertain whether P and S have any different effects in terms of the survival rate of lung cancer patients after surgery; (2) the sample size was relatively small, and only three patients’ NGS data in each anesthesia group were used. Although the sample size was small, the sequencing quality was good, and the DEG identified in the study were able to separate the different groups, indicating the accuracy and reliability of the DEG.