Study design
stinging, tooth
HEAT
This investigation follows the clinically controlled trials scheme. It was conducted at the Department of Operative Dentistry, the Faculty of Dental Medicine, at Damascus University. Furthermore, our research sample was distributed between the two groups after operationalizing the concept of randomization and blinding the researchers. The study included 12 patients who were divided into two groups:
Group 1: 6 patients with 36 ceramic veneers manufactured from Group 2: 6 patients with 36 ceramic veneers manufactured from Veneers were applied to 12 patients who complained of cosmetic problems, the age of whom ranged from 25–37 years. As well, each patient was randomly assigned to one of the two groups, 
age between 20 and 40 yearsabsence of abnormal functional habits such as bruxismgood condition of gingival and periodontal tissuesgood oral healtha clear indication for patients for treatment with veneers: presence of diastema, poor dental restorations, slight modification of color in the discolored teeth, and modification of shape and sizes of the teethpatient's written consent to enroll in the study and adherence to a follow‐up session
age under 18 yearsbad oral hygienedysfunctional habits and bruxismperiodontal diseaseshigh risk of cariesinadequate enamel for bondingextreme stinging and color change in tooth
Examination tools: periodontal probe with explorer, mouth mirror, and tweezer (Medesy)Preparation: depth Marker diamond burs, diamond Taper round‐ended burs, finishing diamond burs (Komet) and Rubber Point kit, gingival retraction cord size (00–000) from (Ultradent), and impression materials (condensational silicon and additional silicon) (Zhermack)Temporary crown and bridge material (ExperTemp; Ultradent)Phosphoric Acid 37% and hydrofluoric acid 9% (Bisco)MonoBond‐S (silane coupling agent) and light‐cured resin Cement—Milky Opaque, along with methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen‐phosphate (MDP) (Bisco).Bonding agent (Ivoclar Vivadent)Veneers manufacturing tools: CAD/CAM scanner from Zircodenta, tempering device, and Ivoclar Vivadent lithium disilicate glass‐reinforced ceramic heat injection furnace