Prior research on individual-level moderators of MBIs
Studies and meta-analyses have tried to determine which participant characteristics moderate outcomes of MBIs, however, meta-analyses suggest that findings have been inconsistentStudies of single-session MBIs have also reported mixed results. For example, one study (N = 202) reported that higher levels of trait mindfulness predicted better stress regulation following an MBIPrior meditation experience is another potential moderator. Multiple studies have found that prior meditation experience moderates effects of MBIs, with one study (N = 299) finding that previous meditation experience predicted greater levels of state mindfulness following a single-session MBI . Another study (N = 203) found that changes in positive affect (but not negative affect) in response to a single-session MBI were moderated by prior meditation experience, such that meditation-naïve participants reported decreases in positive affect, while meditation-experienced participants reported no such decreases in positive affect