Study subjects
gingivitis
ADHESION, SYSTEMIC DISEASE, GINGIVITIS, PLAQUE
Twenty adult subjects of the University Hospital of Orthodontic Dentistry, Innsbruck, Austria, were recruited in the period from November 5th, 2020, to January 9th, 2021. Inclusion criteria were fixed braces attached buccally at a minimum of four teeth per quadrant and existing contact points between all teeth. Exclusion criteria were pregnancy, minority, oral or systemic diseases other than gingivitis, and the need for frequent drug consumption to prevent hormonal or drug-induced distortion, especially of the gingival index. Teeth with ceramic restorations and implants were excluded from analysis due to different plaque adhesion compared to natural teeth. Data collection was performed from January 26th, 2021, to June 30th, 2021.