Clinical Assessment of DED
Meibomian gland dysfunction, CFS
MEIBOMIAN GLAND DYSFUNCTION
We performed DED examinations using the TFBUT, CFS, MBI measurements, the Schirmer test I, and Meibomian gland dysfunction assessment [TFBUT was measured using fluorescein sodium staining (fluorescence ocular examination test paper; Ayumi Pharmaceutical Co) [CFS was evaluated according to the van Bijsterveld grading system [MBI was defined as the duration for which the participants could keep their eyes open before blinking [We performed Schirmer test I without topical anesthesia after completing other examinations. Schirmer test strips (Ayumi Pharmaceutical Co) were placed on the outer third of the temporal lower conjunctival fornix for 5 minutes. These strips were removed, and the length (in mm) of the dampened filter paper was recorded [Meibomian gland function was assessed by applying digital pressure onto the lower central eyelid in conjunction with slit-lamp microscopy, according to the standard method [