Randomization and blinding
mouth-breathing, pain
ADVERSE EVENTS
The enrolled patients were allocated into either the control group (group C) or the education group (group E) at a ratio of 1:1. A randomization sheet with a block size of four was generated using a web service (An independent anesthesiologist who was not involved in patient education or mouth-breathing training was responsible for inducing and supervising the entire anesthesia process. Two investigators (SHL, SK) observed patient emergence and evaluated patient consciousness using the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) before and immediately after extubation and recorded the time to awakening, time to extubation, and the presence and extent of any adverse events during emergence from anesthesia. During the PACU stay, an independent attending physician evaluated patient consciousness and managed their physical status according to predetermined protocols. One blinded researcher (CSC) examined patient discomfort with oral breathing after surgery, pain severity, and satisfaction with recovery before the nasal packing was removed on the first postoperative day.