3.6. Changes in Cardiometabolic Health Outcomes as a Function of Change in Total Sugar Intake Regardless of Intervention Group Assignment
sugar reduction
INFLAMMATION
In exploratory analyses of the pooled data, we examined glucose tolerance and its determinants, blood pressure, fasting serum lipids, inflammation, and adipokines in all participants who successfully reduced sugar intake (There was no significant difference in the change of fasting glucose, 1-h glucose, HbA1c, AUC glucose, fasting insulin, 2-h insulin, HOMA-IR, Matsuda ISI, AUC insulin, or the Insulinogenic Index between participants who reduced total sugar intake versus those who did not (For fasting serum lipids, there was no difference in the change in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, or HDL cholesterol between participants with or without sugar reduction. However, there was a significant increase in total triglycerides among those without sugar reduction as compared to those with sugar reduction (There were no statistically significant differences in changes in inflammatory markers or adipokines with the exception of a greater increase in TNF-