Pre-eclampsia
pre-eclampsia, Pre-eclampsia
PRE-ECLAMPSIA, PRE-ECLAMPSIA, EARLY PREGNANCY, INSULIN RESISTANCE, APPENDIX
Pre-eclampsia was associated with increased abundance of PEs, likely from vascular cell membranes in trimesters 1 and 2, suggesting that endothelial damage may be evident from early pregnancy (ESM Appendix 4). The pattern of multiple metabolic changes in pre-eclampsia suggests high energy requirements throughout pregnancy, with utilisation of lipid energy sources in the first trimester, and protein in the second and third trimesters (ESM Appendix 4). Catabolism of protein provides branched-chain amino acids and aromatic amino acids which act as substrates for gluconeogenesis. The involvement of branched-chain amino acids is marked. It is unclear why these would be a preferred substrate for gluconeogenesis, but they have been associated with insulin resistance in other settings [