Cohort Comparison: Wearable Measures of ILI Burden and TTRB in Participants Who Sought Health Care Compared With Those Who Did Not
ILI
REGRESSION, EVENT, INFLUENZA-LIKE ILLNESS
The participants who sought health care were defined as those who self-reported that they received primary or urgent care for their ILI. Demographics and baseline characteristics were similar between the participants who sought health care for their ILI event and those who did not, except that those who sought health care tended to be older (85/618, 13.8% were aged ≥50 years) than those who did not (126/1380, 9.1% were aged ≥50 years; Table S2 in Day-by-day ILI burden for participants who sought health care versus those who did not are shown for each wearable sensor feature in Finally, the participants who sought health care tended to have a longer TTRB for wearable sensor features after ILI onset than those who did not seek health care (Daily influenza-like illness (ILI) burden and time to return to baseline (TTRB) in health care–seeking versus non–health care–seeking populations. Colored data (plot points, lines, and boxes) represent health care–seeking participants; gray lines represent non–health care–seeking participants. (A) Results of regression analyses of day-by-day ILI burdens of health care–seeking and non–health care–seeking cohorts are shown; separate regression analyses were conducted for each wearable sensor feature. Plotted points are model-fitted estimates (95% CI error bars) for each cohort, on each day of the ILI window and for the baseline period (computed as the mean across all healthy days; represented by b on the x-axis). Diamonds above the x-axis indicate contrasts reaching statistical significance after Bonferroni correction for 14 tests; contrasts were the difference in ILI burden between day n and baseline for the health care–seeking cohort compared with the non–health care–seeking cohort. (B) TTRB and cumulative ILI burden for each sensor feature are shown for individual participants (cloud plots) and overall (density distributions) for health care–seeking and non–health care–seeking cohorts. For TTRB (first 2 columns), box plots (center line, median; box limits, upper and lower quartiles; points, outliers) are overlaid and annotated with the median value for the corresponding population. For cumulative ILI burden (third column), mean and 95% CI (point with error bars) are overlaid and annotated with the mean value. bpm: beats per minute; RHR: resting heart rate; RHR δ: the change in RHR from the previous day; spm: steps per minute.