Data processing and statistical analysis
KOA
Data processing: 195 patients with KOA were included in the data set based on inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria was performed, including 101 (52%) with KL2 grade and 94 (48%) with KL3 grade. The reasonableness of the data has been verified by the original authors, so no further normalization is required. The data set was randomly split 8:2 into a training set (159 individuals) for model building and a validation set (36 individuals) for validation of the model. Statistical analysis: (i) Model predictors filtering: LASSO allows variables to be selected by setting the coefficient weights on predictors that are irrelevant to the outcome to zero [Flow chart of this study