Secondary outcome
anxiety
SECONDARY
The STAI (state-trait anxiety inventory) was utilized to determine the secondary outcome: anxiety level, which was established by comparing the anxiety levels before and after the treatment. The STAI is a popular method of evaluating anxiety. It has 20 items for state anxiety, each graded on a 4-point scale ranging from "1 = almost never" to "4 = very usually." Higher scores indicate higher anxiety levels; mild anxiety runs from 20 to 39, moderate anxiety ranges from 40 to 59, and increased anxiety ranges from 60 to 80 [