Training characteristics
knee pain
ADVERSE EVENT
Adherence to the training was 93.7% over all training sessions (104 out of 111 total scheduled sessions), of which 100 sessions were fully completed. Of the 37 participants who started PBT training, 31 (83.8%) attended all three training sessions. Six participants missed one or two training sessions, due to co-morbidities (n = 3), scheduling issues (n = 2) or feeling that their balance was too good for the training (n = 1). One participant reported a training-related adverse event of experiencing knee pain after making a misstep during the training session, which resolved without intervention within two days after the training session. Perturbation difficulty level was progressed individually, aiming to train at an NRS score of 6–9, representing the subjective experience of how challenging the perturbations were for each participant on a scale of 0 (not challenging) to 10 (unable to maintain balance). Progressing to higher perturbation difficulty levels (levels ranging from 1 (smallest perturbations) to 7 (largest perturbations)) based on this score, enabled the therapists to individualize training progression for each participant. By the end of the first session, participants on average reached perturbation difficulty levels 4 (range 2–6) and 2 (range 1–5) for standing and walking perturbations respectively (7 being the highest difficulty level). By the end of the third training session, participants on average reached level 6 (range 3–7) for standing perturbations and level 4 (range 2–7) for walking perturbations.
Participant characteristicsData is presented as median (interquartile range) or frequencies. Physiotherapy T0-T1 and Gait/balance training T0-T1; if participants received any physiotherapy sessions between T0 and T1, and if this training included gait and/or balance training. BMI = Body Mass Index