Multi-Component Intervention
BEST
The intervention lasted 12 weeks and consisted of a workstation ergonomics intervention, weekly group health-promotion information workshops, and neck exercises [Best practice workstation ergonomics was applied individually by an expert using existing infrastructure (cost-neutral) and an assessment checklist adapted to Swiss guidelines [Weekly health-promotion workshops lasted 45 min each and consisted of information and practical activities. Group size was up to 12 participants and the content was discussed in the following order: anatomy of the musculoskeletal system, goal setting, exercise and health, self-efficacy, work stress, digital media and ergonomics, mental health, conflict management, relaxation and sleep, nutrition, resilience and mindfulness, and maintaining motivation. The content was selected on the basis of a previous study [Participants were instructed to perform neck exercises at a minimum of three times a week for 20 min (1 h per week in total) in a group setting and in a dedicated room at the workplace. One session per week was supervised, and the remaining sessions were self-administered. All participants were given a standard set of 16 exercises targeted to the neck and upper body (Supplementary Information) [Interventions were delivered by physiotherapists, movement scientists, and/or Master of Psychology students. All were trained for at least 4 h before intervention commencement. Participants could report the time spent for interventions as working time, except for the unsupervised neck exercise sessions only. Office workers who had already completed the intervention period were advised by the research team to continue training on an unsupervised basis. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the intervention was delivered from March 2020 onwards in a hybrid format (participation on-site or via video teleconference). It was not mandatory that all participants in the same cluster received the intervention on the same day of the week, so the group size could be larger than eight.