Surgical guides may improve the accuracy of implantation for novice practitioners
angulation
As this study demonstrated, the coronal and apical distance and the angular deviations between planned and actual implant position were significantly lower in Group SSG than Group SFH in total and in subgroup SA. The coronal distance and angular deviations were significantly lower in SBSG than SBFH, while the apical distance deviation showed no significant difference between two groups.For novice practitioners, despite that adequate theoretical curricula might provide them with the basic principles of implant placement, it may still be demanding and challenging to get a visualized image and accurate guidance on the position, depth, and angulation of implant placement. Traditional training methods using freehand implant placement cannot provide reliable and predictable guidance on the optimal planned position for dental students without previous implant surgical experience, resulting in low accuracy and lacking of confidence.There are 2 types of computer-guided implant systems currently: static guide and dynamic navigation [