Background
infection, osseous defects, tooth
INFECTION, COLLAPSE
Immediate replacement of teeth with dental implants was proposed several decades ago. It minimizes the treatment time between tooth extraction and final prosthetic rehabilitation [It was suggested that the resorption of the socket walls that occurs following tooth removal must be considered in any future treatment plan [The technique entails the tooth extraction followed with a delay period of 8–12 weeks, the authors claimed that this period is allowed to develop abundant keratinized tissues, to eradicate socket infection, and to allow post extraction bone remodeling to occur. However, early placement or contour augmentation procedures has showed: post tooth extraction socket wall collapse in both horizonal and vertical directions, long treatment time that reaches up to 8 months, the hardship of provisional restoration maintenance for such long treatment time, post restorative socket tissue recession as a result of mucoperiosteal flap reflection [The vestibular socket therapy allowed immediate implant placement and total socket rehabilitation at the same time, with a supreme esthetic and functional outcomes that meets patient’s expectations. Vestibular socket therapy (VST) was proposed by Elaskry et al. [The technique entails a vestibular horizontal incision at the base of the mucogingival junction of the extracted tooth, followed by implant placement, grafting the defective socket walls via the vestibular access incision, then shielding the labial bone defect that is grafted with bone graft with cortical equine membrane. This study aims to compare the outcome and predictability of three grafting materials in treating the osseous defects in the maxillary anterior esthetic zone [