Coping behaviours
Stress coping behaviours were measured using the short form of the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS-SFC), which is a 21-item scale that measures task-oriented coping, emotion-oriented coping, and avoidance-oriented coping. Task-oriented coping was regarded as maladaptive coping, and emotion- and avoidance-oriented coping were regarded as maladaptive coping [