2.3. Neuropsychological Assessments
The Go/No-go task is designed to assess inhibitory responses. Stimuli were presented in a continuous stream, and participants were asked to perform a binary decision on each stimulus. Participants acted (i.e., pressed the spacebar on a keyboard) if the stimulus met the criteria (‘GO’ trial stimulus was presented as an orange square) or withheld their response (i.e., did not press the spacebar) if it did not meet the criteria (‘No-go’ trial stimulus was presented as a blue square). The task was designed to have more ‘GO’ (~81%) than ‘No-go’ stimuli (~19%), enticing the participant into a pattern of responses, thus making the ‘no-go’ trials more difficult in populations with poor impulse control. Accuracy and reaction time, two of our primary outcome measures, were recorded by the Testable stimulus presentation software (The Serial Sevens test evaluates attention, concentration, and working memory and requires mathematical computations by subtracting seven from an initial starting value [The N-Back task is widely used in the working memory literature [Participants consecutively completed the Go/No-go task, Serial Sevens, and N-Back with one minute of rest in between each test and each set. In total, participants underwent 3 sets of Go/No-go tasks, Serial sevens, and N-Back at each time point, and the median value was taken as the value for each respective time point and used in the statistical analyses. During each testing visit, participants completed the Go/No-go task, Serial Sevens, and N-Back at baseline (before consumption of their respective supplement) and at 1 h, and 2 h post ingestion of their respective supplement.