Overview
RECRUITMENT
The recruitment for the optimization trial began on March 27, 2021, and ended on July 28, 2021. T3 data were collected between April 29 and August 25, 2021. Because of both trial and project timelines, we stopped the trial 6 months after the start of the study, with the recruitment lasting for 5 months. Overall, 232 participants were recruited and randomized into 1 of the 9 intervention conditions. Among these 232 participants, 14 (6%) participants did not fill out any of the 5 hand hygiene diaries, whereas 27 (11.6%) participants did not complete the first diary at T1. Another (1/232, 0.4%) participant completed the first diary but did not encounter any of the key situations to perform hand hygiene during that day. Therefore, these (42/232, 18.1%) participants were excluded from the analysis because the main outcome (ie, hand hygiene) at T1 was missing. Of the 232 participants who were randomized, 190 (81.9%) filled out the hand hygiene diary at T1, and 118 (62.1%; 50.9% of the randomized participants) of them filled out the hand hygiene diary at T3. Participant recruitment flow. The intervention groups are specified as follows: H-H: habit-habit; H-M: habit-motivation; H-S: habit-social; M-H: motivation-habit; M-M: motivation-motivation; M-S: motivation-social; S-H: social-habit; S-M: social-motivation; and S-S: social-social. T1: baseline: T3: follow-up.