Anthropometric measurements
skeletal muscle mass
Anthropometric measurements were performed with each participant barefoot and wearing light clothing. The hydration status was not controlled when anthropometric measurements were performed. Height was measured by using a wall-mounted stadiometer (AD-6227; A&D, Tokyo, Japan). Body composition was analyzed by bioelectrical impedance using a tetrapolar eight-point tractile electrode system (InBody 770; InBody Japan, Tokyo, Japan). Body mass index was calculated based on height and weight. The skeletal muscle mass index was calculated according to previous studies