Participants
diabetes, weight loss, Diabetes
RECRUITMENT, CHRONIC DISEASES, DIABETES, PRE-DIABETES, DIABETES
Participants enrollment and recruitment occurred between January 2017 and January 2019. The date of final follow-up was March 2020. Participants included in the study met two glycemic criteria for pre-diabetes as defined by the 2010 American Diabetes Association guidelines: (1) GPF levels between 100 and 125 mg/dL (5.6 and 6.9 mmol/L) and (2) HbA1c level between 5.7 and 6.5% (39 and 48 mmol/mol). Other inclusion criteria were age of 18–65 years and capability to work with a smartphone application on a daily basis (for dietary intake logging). Key exclusion criteria were any use of diabetes or weight loss medications, use of antibiotics three months before enrollment, diagnosed chronic diseases, or chronic use of medications that affect glucose/energy metabolism or HbA1c. The recruitment process relied primarily on self-assignment of volunteers from Israel who self-reported themselves as having pre-diabetes on the trial website. Registrants were screened for the above eligibility criteria based on a questionnaire and if qualified underwent a screening visit to determine final eligibility at the central medical laboratory of the trial (AMC Medical Center Laboratory, Ltd.). For more information please see Ben-Yacov et al.