Participants
LBP, pain
Patients with LBP were recruited through the participating physical therapists. Prior to participating, written informed consent was obtained from all patients, and eligibility was checked by the researchers (R.A. or T.K.). A patient was eligible for participation when (1) the patient requested physical therapist treatment for LBP (pain in the lumbosacral region sometimes associated with radiating pain to the buttock or leg),