1. Introduction
obesity, metabolic syndrome
OBESITY, OBESE, HYPERTENSION, METABOLIC SYNDROME, TYPE 2 DIABETES, DYSLIPIDEMIA
These authors contributed equally to this manuscript.Pediatric obesity is associated with alterations in the gut microbiota and its metabolites. However, how they influence obesity and the effect of lifestyle interventions remains unknown.. In this non-randomized clinical trial, we analyzed metabolomes and microbial features to understand the associated metabolic pathways and the effect of lifestyle interventions on pediatric obesity. Anthropometric/biochemical data and fasting serum, urine, and fecal samples were collected at baseline and after an eight-week, weight-reduction lifestyle modification program. Post-intervention, children with obesity were classified into responder and non-responder groups based on changes in total body fat. At baseline, serum L-isoleucine and uric acid levels were significantly higher in children with obesity compared with those in normal-weight children and were positively correlated with obesogenic genera. Taurodeoxycholic and tauromuricholic α + β acid levels decreased significantly with obesity and were negatively correlated with obesogenic genera. Branched-chain amino acid and purine metabolisms were distinguished metabolic pathways in the obese group. Post-intervention, urinary myristic acid levels decreased significantly in the responder group, showing a significant positive correlation with Pediatric obesity is a pressing global health problem, and the incidence rate continues to increase. It is linked to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome [However, most microbiome studies have focused on changes in microbial compositions and not specific microbiota; a few have focused on metabolites [We previously reported microbial alterations after a lifestyle intervention in children with obesity [