DISCUSSION
cerebral embolisms, thrombotic, AF
CEREBRAL EMBOLISMS, CLOTS, CEREBRAL EMBOLISM, PATHOGENESIS, COMPLICATIONS
The mechanisms of cerebral embolisms caused by the CA of AF are still under debate. Different technology‐, procedure‐, and patient‐related factors are considered to play roles in the multifactorial genesis of cerebral embolisms caused by CA of AF.Regarding the development of thrombotic debris (clots and char) during CA procedures, endothelial injury and tissue overheating, systemic activation of platelets and of the coagulation system, and debris introduced from within the transseptal sheath or catheter, may cause cerebral embolism.Some procedure‐ and patient‐related factors have been also reported as possible predictors of cerebral embolisms caused by CA of AF.The pathogenesis of cerebral embolisms caused by the CA of AF is incompletely understood. Therefore, periprocedural monitoring is expected to be a useful approach to determine which part of the CA procedure is associated with MESs, although all MESs does not result in cerebral micro‐embolisms because of collateral circulation via the circle of Willis in the cerebral vasculature.Both CB and RF ablation is used worldwide, however, different technologies used for CA of AF have shown different characteristics of the complications.