Muscle strength and range of motion
isometric muscle contraction, knee joints
BENDING
The maximum knee extension force during isometric muscle contraction of both legs was measured using a leg muscle strength measuring chair (T.K.K. 5710, Takei Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd., Niigata, Japan). Participants sat in the chair with their backs against the backrest, their knee joints at 90°, the trunk fixed with a seat belt, and their arms crossed in front of their chests. They then lifted the dynamometer attached to the chair with the knees extended. After the first measurement, a second one was after a 30-second rest. Then, a higher value was adopted.The range of motion (ROM) of the hip joint was measured with a goniometer as participants lay on the bed, bending the knee of their right leg as close to the chest as possible.The muscle strength and ROM were measured during the first 3 days of the 5-day examination (