Study protocol
CREST, RECRUITMENT
Participants were recruited from Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand via flyers and online postings. Study enrolments were regularly monitored for diversity of participants from various departments, and recruitment efforts were focused on under-represented groups, such as those who did not frequent the main campus area or post-graduate students. Screening was conducted using online questionnaires, and eligible participants were invited to a session at the Faculty of Agro-Industry at Chiang Mai University, Thailand.During the session, the participants were asked to sign a consent form and provide socioeconomic information, health habits such as dietary patterns, physical activity levels, alcohol consumption, smoking status, screen time and sleep quality on a questionnaire. The participants then underwent anthropometric assessment by trained personnel. Weight and height were measured using a calibrated scale (Seca GmbH and Co. KG). Waist and hip circumferences were measured according to World Health Organization guidelines, that is, waist circumference (WC) was measured at the midpoint between the last palpable rib and iliac crest, and hip circumference was measured at the widest position of the bottom