2.1. The DINO Trial
breast milk DHA, breast milk
Full details of the DINO trial have been published elsewhere [In the intervention group (high-DHA diet), lactating women were asked to consume six 0.5 g capsules of DHA-rich fish oil per day (900 mg of DHA and 195 mg of EPA to raise the breast milk DHA content to about 1% of total fatty acids. If infant formula was required, a matched preterm formula containing DHA as 1% of total fatty acid was provided. In the control group (standard-DHA diet), lactating women were asked to consume six 0.5 g capsules daily of soy oil (no DHA or EPA). The infants in the control group received DHA at the standard dietary level (~0.3% total fatty acids) from breast milk. If infant formula was required, a matched preterm formula containing 0.3% DHA was provided. All capsules were similar in size, shape, and color and were donated by Clover Corporation, Sydney, Australia. Ready-to-feed preterm infant formula was manufactured to trial specifications by Mead Johnson Nutritionals (Evansville, IN, USA) and packaged to match the capsule containers. Parents, outcome assessors, investigators, and clinicians were blinded to treatment allocation.