Procedure
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, this entire study was conducted online. If participants met all eligibility criteria described above, they were sent the informed consent form to read and sign. On the consent form, participants were able to indicate whether or not they were familiar with Zoom. Participants that reported they were not familiar with the video conferencing platform were offered training on how to install and utilize the software. Then, to guarantee that all participants would be able to connect to the online workshops and use the conferencing platform’s basic functions, the mini-MoCA assessment was conducted via Zoom after an effective connection was established (audio and video functioning). Despite these measures to ensure technical success, there were two participants who chose to discontinue the study due to connection or other technology-related difficulties (see Fig. After completing the mini-MoCA, participants received a schedule of their study sessions through an email, including links to Pavlovia.org, the platform used to host the pre- and post-tests, along with the Zoom links for the two workshops. Utilizing the Pavlovia platform required no additional training from participants. After clicking on the Pavlovia link the experiment would begin and instructions for the segmentation and memory tasks would be provided on-screen, just as they would be in an in-person study. During the pre-test, participants watched and segmented the practice video followed by the two experimental video blocks. To proceed to the experimental video blocks, participants had to segment the practice video using at least three segments. In each video block, they watched and segmented a video (e.g., Tai chi or gyoza video), and then they completed one of the semantic fluency tasks as a task separating the video presentation from the memory measures. Finally, they completed the memory measures in this order: free recall, recognition, and order memory. After completing the memory measures, participants moved on to the second video block. The order of videos and order of the semantic fluency tasks was counterbalanced across participants and sessions. Participants completed their pre-tests between four to six days prior to the workshops.Participants were then randomly assigned to one arm of the study (gyoza-making or Tai chi). One participant dropped out of the study after group assignment because they preferred the other activity (see Fig. 