Study inclusion and exclusion criteria
microvascular obstruction, end-stage liver disease, valvular heart disease, comorbid illness, acute coronary syndrome, organ cancer, coronary artery bypass, sepsis
VALVULAR HEART DISEASE, END-STAGE RENAL FAILURE, ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME, SEPSIS, AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE
Participants were adults aged 40 years and older with STEMI (ST elevation ≥ 2 mm in ≥ 2 contiguous chest leads or ≥ 1 mm in ≥ 2 contiguous limb leads) who had received dual antiplatelet therapy (acetylsalicylic acid 300 mg and ticagrelor 180 mg or clopidogrel 600 mg) at least 30 min prior to primary PCI of the culprit vessel and subsequently underwent staged PCI of the non-culprit vessel 3 months later.To exclude the potential influence of pre-existing microvascular obstruction, patients with a history of acute coronary syndrome were excluded. Patients who did not have a non-culprit coronary lesion and thus did not require a follow-up angiogram were also excluded. Patients with a serious comorbid illness such as sepsis, autoimmune disease, end-stage liver disease, end-stage renal failure, or solid organ cancer were excluded. Patients with severe valvular heart disease were excluded for significantly variable coronary physiology, and those with coronary artery bypass grafts were excluded because of altered coronary circulation