CCK-8 assay
Cells were incubated at 5% CO2 and 37 °C on 96-well plates (100 µL/well), and ten microliters of CCK-8 reagent (Beyotime Bio Inc., China) were added to each well after 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h, respectively, with OD450 values determined by a microplate reader.