Introduction
cardiac arrhythmia
ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (AF), CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a widespread cardiac arrhythmia estimated to affect more than 20.9 million men and 12.6 million women worldwide [The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines recommend integrated AF care involving the family as a resource to ensure treatment compliance. Even so, the guidelines provide no instructions about how family involvement may be organised or facilitated in clinical practice [To our knowledge, no prior studies have examined the effect of a family-focused nursing intervention in patients with AF. Earlier intervention studies have focused on optimising treatment and adherence without focusing on the family [