Contents of the distance laughter therapy.
HuLA
Opening (Self introduction and greetings)Facial stretching and raising mouth cornerExpressing oneself with laughter “This is me” (1Reinforcing the positivity with laughter “I thank to…” (2Increasing self-esteem with laughter “I like me because…” (3Complimenting each other with laughter “Yes, I hear that a lot” (4Relaxing and sharing the emotionSaying good-byeThe DLT employed in this study had several distinct features. First, we instructed all participants to adjust their Zoom settings to display all attendees, including the therapist, on a single screen. They were also required to keep their cameras on and show their faces throughout the session, enabling them to see their own and others’ faces during the program.Second, we employed a simulated laughter approach. Literature on laughter therapy frequently differentiates between “simulated” and “spontaneous” laughter [Finally, in our study, the DLT specifically targeted positive, humor-free laughter, in line with the Humour-Laughter-Affect (HuLA) model [The DLT in this study comprised four sessions; it was performed twice per week for two weeks. It was based on previous meta-analysis [