Game comprehension task
Participants were given a sheet of paper that included three schematic pictures of an empty basketball half-court representing the main-steps of the playing system. For each picture, the student was instructed to reproduce as accurately as possible the location of the players (by indicating their numbers) in relation to the ball already placed in its correct position. The student was also instructed to use the appropriate arrow symbols (from the caption below the schematic pictures) to indicate the actions of play. Each correct response yielded 1 point; otherwise, participants received 0 points. The scores could, therefore, range from 0 to 18. Two independent raters (i.e., basketball coaches/teachers who were blinded to the study design) assured the processes of coding, and disagreements between them were resolved by consensus.