References
cardiovascular diseases
DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 2, CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Design of the 4-arm randomized controlled NovAL intervention study.Criteria of the MoKaRi concept (MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; SFA, saturated fatty acids).Flow chart of the NovAL study.Nutrient profile of both intervention products in total (350 mL smoothie per day).IG1, intervention group I; IG2 intervention group II; n.d., not detectable.Fatty acid profile of both intervention products (in mg/350 mL smoothie per day).FAME, fatty acid methyl esters; IG1, intervention group I; IG2 intervention group II; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids; n3, omega-3; n6, omega-6; n7, omega-7; n9, omega-9; n12, omega-12; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; SFA, saturated fatty acids.Nutrient status of the NovAL study participants based on blood and urine parameters (IQR, interquartile range; Md, median. Control group I = no defined background diet, control group II = defined background diet, intervention group I = defined background diet + Fatty acid profile in plasma lipids of the NovAL study participants (FAME, fatty acid methyl esters; IQR, interquartile range; LC, long chain; Md, median; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids; n3, omega-3; n6, omega-6; n7, omega-7; n9, omega-9; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; SFA, saturated fatty acids. Control group I = no defined background diet, control group II = defined background diet, intervention group I = defined background diet + Safety parameters of the NovAL study participants (IQR, interquartile range; MCH, mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCHC, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; Md, median. Control group I = no defined background diet, control group II = defined background diet, intervention group I = defined background diet + Risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus type 2 of the NovAL study participants (HDL, high density lipoprotein; IQR, interquartile range; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; Md, median; MDA, malondialdehyde-modified. Control group I = no defined background diet, control group II = defined background diet, intervention group I = defined background diet + 