Conclusion
CIED
COMPLICATIONS, COMPLICATION
Intra-pocket ultrasound-guided axillary vein puncture is superior to CVC in terms of success rate, time to venous access, procedure duration, and radiation exposure, with a similarly low complication rate. This technique significantly improves vascular access, which is the main challenge and source of complications in CIED implantation, by making it easier and more reproducible. Intra-pocket ultrasound-guided axillary vein puncture improves the quality of care and should therefore be included in the recommended venous access techniques for CIED implantation.