Selection of patients, ethical approval and consent
allergic reactions, allergy, cardiac or respiratory disease, unstable diabetes
BLEEDING, ALLERGY, ALLERGIC REACTION, COMPLICATIONS
Ethical approval for this study was given by the Committee for the Protection of People in Southern Tunisia (approval number 0117/18). This randomized double-blind study was achieved through collaboration between the ENT department and the anesthesia department of the university hospital, Habib Bourguiba in Sfax, Tunisia.Patients scheduled for thyroid surgery were enrolled after having provided written informed consent, which they also gave for publication of their data, in de-identified form.Patients aged 18 to 65 years were included in this study if they had an ASA score (American Society of Anesthesiology) of I or II. Patients with unstable diabetes, an allergy to study drugs, a history of previous cervical surgery, or a history of cardiac or respiratory disease, as well as patients on long-term analgesics or corticosteroids and patients with predictable difficult airways were not included in this study. Patients who had major complications, such as allergic reactions to anesthetic drugs and major bleeding, as well as patients whose intubation required more than 2 attempts or whose surgery duration exceeded 3 hours, were excluded from this study. Patients who underwent a neck dissection associated with thyroid surgery were also excluded from the study.