Selection of cases and controls
death, ischemic heart disease
HEART FAILURE, SECONDARY, ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE, CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE
When the effect of time-dependent exposure needs to be investigated in the context of large databases, the nested case–control design is a valid alternative to the cohort design [A secondary outcome was cardiovascular mortality, i.e., death for ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, or heart failure, which was addressed by another nested case–control study in which patients who died for cardiovascular causes were the cases, and patients matched for age, sex and clinical status and index date were the controls, as described above.