4.9. Statistical Analyses
tumor, Tumor
ADVERSE REACTIONS, TUMOR, TUMOR
Categorical variables were summarized in frequency tables, which comprised absolute frequencies (n) and percentages (%), whereas numerical variables were summarized through descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, minimum, median, and maximum) to provide an overview of sample features in comparison to the investigated variables.Tumor size, focus, and frequencies (both absolute and percentage) were tabulated to assess tumor response to OncoTheradQuantitative variables were introduced based on central tendency and dispersion measures for the analysis applied to relapse and biochemical serological parameters, both before and after OncoTheradDescriptive statistics were computed (mean, standard deviation, minimum, median, and maximum) based on the time taken to achieve relapse-free status, more specifically, pathological complete response. This was done in order to assess relapse-free survival rates over time. A relapse-free survival curve was plotted based on the Kaplan–Meier method.A McNemar test was used to assess the incidence of adverse reactions (categorized as No or Yes) based on their intensity grade (1–2 or 3–4). Descriptive statistics were used to compare the median values recorded for the total number of grade 1–2 reactions to those of grade 3–4 reactions based on the Wilcoxon test. Moreover, each reaction type was assessed separately, while reaction frequencies (both absolute and percentage) were recorded.Quantitative data resulting from immunohistochemistry and Western blotting tests were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Parametric analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out. It was followed by Tukey testing whenever normality and homoscedasticity assumptions were met. Non-parametric analysis of variance (Kruskal–Wallis test) was used in cases whose data did not follow normal distribution. Student–Newman–Keuls testing was used for post-hoc comparisons.All statistical analyses were conducted by the Biostatistics Service of the Medical School at UNICAMP in the SAS System for Windows (Statistical Analysis System) version 9.4, as well as in R software version 3.4.2, which was developed by The R Foundation for Statistical Computing.