Cesarean delivery and data collection
VAS-A, anxiety, pain
All parturients received single-shot spinal anesthesia with 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine, morphine 100 µg of, and fentanyl 15 µg. After fetal delivery, uterotonics and antiemetics were administered as per routine institutional practice. Baseline patient characteristics, visual analog scale – anxiety (VAS-A) scores, pain scores (0: no pain, 10: worst pain imaginable), PCS total and sub-scores, and music preferences were collected preoperatively. We also recorded pain scores relating to local anesthetic injection for spinal anesthesia, as it was shown to predict acute pain after cesarean delivery [