Germinal center activation and plasmablast responses
YFV
The observed activation of lymphocyte subsets indicates induction of innate and adaptive immune responses, likely linked to the development of protective immunity (nAbs). We therefore further explored parameters related to induction of humoral immunity such as germinal center activity and plasmablast expansion following vaccination.First, CXCL13 levels in serum were measured as a proxy to germinal center activity. Elevated levels of serum CXCL13 were observed at days 7 and/or 14 following each vaccination in all cohorts, with the most marked changes seen amongst vaccine cohorts receiving the YFV vaccine (cohorts A1, A2, B1, B2, and E) (