Data Collection
AIDS
Patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics were obtained from their medical records. Race and ethnicity were categorized as Asian, Black, Hispanic or Latino, White, and other (including American Indian or Alaskan Native, refused to answer, and unknown). Race and ethnicity were included in analyses because we wanted to explore any potential association between the use of the communication aids and those variables. The deidentified audio recordings were transcribed by a professional medical transcription company. The number and types of questions that patients asked were carefully and independently extracted from the transcribed data by one experienced investigator (V.P.) and then verified by a second investigator (J.A.); any discrepancies were discussed in detail until a mutual agreement was reached.