Outcome measures
testis, pain, infection, seroma, urinary retention
RECURRENCE, POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS, SCROTUM, INFECTION, SEROMA
Primary endpoints included
Chronic post-surgical pain, assessed by the surgeon during outpatient visits using the modified Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) [11] at 6 and 24 hours and 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.Recurrence rates determined at 3, 6, 12 months, and 3 years during follow-up examinations at the outpatient clinic.Duration of operation (in minutes), recorded by the medical staff during the procedure.Early postoperative complications (urinary retention, elevated testis to upper scrotum, seroma, infection) assessed during examinations and outpatient care follow-up.Time to resume household and professional activities (in days), as reported by the patients and evaluated by the surgeons during outpatient follow-up visits on day 14 post-surgery.