Conclusion
HIV risk reduction
In the context of rapidly expanding PrEP implementation worldwide and PEPFAR requirements to screen for and address IPV within PrEP delivery, interventions such as CHARISMA offer a structured approach for providers to address not only IPV, but also other relationship dynamics that may influence PrEP use. Qualitative stories of change from CHARISMA participants support the value of empowerment-based counselling on women’s ability to identify and enact healthy relationship behaviors and HIV risk reduction strategies. When used in combination with other strategies addressing additional barriers to PrEP use, an approach that centers women’s wellbeing around their empowerment and autonomy to choose what works best for them, we believe women can be better supported in their HIV prevention efforts.