2.2. Patients
DISEASES
Selection criteria: Fifty-five successive male or female white patients of age 18–60 years and body mass index of 18.5–32.9 kg/mExclusion criteria were evidence of other clinically significant diseases, as assessed by clinical history, blood and stool tests, ultrasound or CT imaging and endoscopy. Further exclusion criteria were colonoscopy, antibiotic or probiotic treatment within the two weeks before or during the study, planned dietary modifications (including polyphenol-rich fruit or vegetable smoothies, drinks or diets) or initiation of new medications during the study period, ongoing pregnancy or breast-feeding, and the inability to comprehend or contraindications to undergo the study procedures.