Participants
traumas, stroke, fracture, chronic organic failure, fractures, cognitive disorder
ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, STROKE, PATHOLOGICAL FRACTURE, SITE INFECTION, MALIGNANT TUMOR, PEPTIC ULCER
All patients were diagnosed with ITF by X-ray. Inclusion criteria: (1) age over 60 years, (2) required surgical treatment, (3) fracture within three weeks, and (4) capable of complying with the study protocol. Exclusion criteria: (1) systemic or fracture site infection before, (2) multiple traumas or open fractures, (3) stroke within 3 months or acute myocardial infarction within 6 months, (4) active peptic ulcer, (5) pathological fracture or pending fracture diagnosed by radiographic data, (6) chronic organic failure without effective replacement therapy, (7) advanced malignant tumor, (8) severe cognitive disorder (Mini-mental State Examination, MMSE ≤ 9 points) [