Introduction
infection, PNAC, NEC
PRETERM BIRTH, GROWTH RETARDATION, INFECTION, SECONDARY, VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT INFANT, PATHOGENESIS
The survival rates of very preterm infants (VPI) and very low birth weight infants (VLBWI) have improved significantly with the advances in perinatal medicine and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), which include respiratory support techniques, nutritional management strategies and use of antenatal steroids [In recent years, a lot of research has been conducted on identifying risk factors and prevention measures associated with PNAC. It is believed that the occurrence of PNAC is related to preterm birth, low birth weight, infection, prolonged fasting, NEC, extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR), high intake of amino acids, intravenous fat emulsions, etc. However, the etiology and pathogenesis of PNAC are not yet fully understood. Most studies focused on identifying risk factors for PNAC are single-center studies with relatively small sample sizes. Therefore, our study provided a secondary analysis of data from a prospective multicenter study on the effect of soybean oil-medium chain triglycerides-olive oil-fish oil (SMOF) on clinical outcomes in preterm infants. This work further investigated the risk factors associated with the development of PNAC and provided a basis for the prevention and treatment of PNAC.