Interventions
DVT, pain
DVT
All ITF patients received treatments and interventions in the setting of standard Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) procedure, of which the management content mainly included three parts included preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative management. The preoperative management included education programs, auxiliary examination nutrition, nutrition management, pain management, DVT prevention, sleep management, and gastrointestinal management. On the morning of surgery, those patients allocated to the dexamethasone group received intravenous 10 mg (2 ml) dexamethasone (Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection, Tianjin Pharmacy), while the patients allocated to the placebo group received intravenous 2 ml physiological saline (0.9% sodium chloride injection) in 30 min before being sent to the operating room. The dexamethasone or physiological saline was given by an independent nurse who was not involved in the trial and was blinded to the patient’s outcome. All patients in this study underwent standard anesthesia procedures (including receiving routine sedatives and care) determined by the anesthesiologists who were blinded to patient allocation. Standard endotracheal general anesthesia was induced sequentially with sufentanil (0.5–0.7 μg/kg), cis-atracurium (0.16–0.2 mg/kg), and propofol (2–2.5 mg/kg) was maintained with propofol and sevoflurane. Remifentanil (0.05–2 μg/kg/min) was given intraoperatively as needed at the discretion of the anesthesiologists. Spinal anesthesia was administered with ropivacaine 0.5% (1.5–2.5 ml). Ultrasound-guided psoas compartment block was administered with ropivacaine 0.5% (20–30 ml). The intraoperative part included anesthesia selection, surgery optimization, and temperature management. The postoperative part included pain management, DVT prevention, respiratory management, and functional exercise. A detailed description of the ERAS procedure can be found in Additional file 