Psychopathological measures
alogia, avolition-apathy
SYNDROME, POSITIVE
General psychopathology was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Negative symptoms were also assessed with the Scale of Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), which consists of 19 items assessing five symptoms of the negative dimension: affect flattening, alogia, avolition-apathy, anhedonia-asociality, and poor attention. Two clinical psychiatrists blinded to treatment condition (real vs. sham tDCS) assessed PANSS and SANS scores at baseline and the end of week 5. Inter-rater reliability was satisfactory for both tests (κa = 0.88 for PANSS and κa = 0.86 for SANS).