ISF-NF treatment groups
chronic pain, pain
CHRONIC PAIN
It has been demonstrated that chronic pain can be considered as an imbalance between pain input and pain suppression. Our protocols are derived from this theory utilizing source localization neurofeedback targeting the ratio between pgACC, SSC, and dACC. For the current study, we developed EEG-NF training programs to up-train (i.e., increase CD) ISF activity at pgACC (Group 1), and down-train (i.e., decrease CD) ISF activity simultaneously at dACC and SSC (Group 2). For Group 3, a program was developed to concurrently up-train ISF activity at pgACC (× 2) and down-train ISF activity at dACC + SSC, to reinforce ratio between these regions to be > 1, as below:For all groups, the reward threshold was adjusted in real-time between 60 and 80%, i.e., for 60–80% of time, sound feedback was delivered by system when participant's brain activity meets desired infraslow magnitude.