Implantation of epidural stimulation
SCES, pain
EVENTS, ENLARGEMENT
This is a 2-step process where temporary implantation precedes permanent implantation when indicated. The SCES system (Intellis Epidural Stimulator, Medtronic, Minneapolis, USA) was used to electrically stimulate the lumbosacral enlargement. During temporary implantation, two 8-electrode lead arrays were implanted utilizing fluoroscopic guidance over spinal cord segments T10-L2. Prior to both temporary and permanent procedures Hibiclens® (chlorhexidine) soap skin cleanser and Bactroban® (mupirocin) 2% ointment is given for 7 days prior to the procedure to reduce bacterial colonization of participant’s skin and nares. An anesthesia preoperative evaluation was performed, and consent obtained prior to entrance into the operating room. We have split the process of implantation into temporary and permanent to ensure appropriate placement of the leads. Additionally, possible unanticipated medical events may emerge following temporary implantation that may lead to withdrawal from the study or to be considered as a screen failure or the patient may deny participation because feeling of discomfort or pain.