Limitations
SECONDARY
This study has several limitations. Initially, as a single-center trial, the potential for generalizing the findings may be restricted. All the enrolled patients underwent laparoscopic urological surgery, and whether our results can be generalized to other types of surgery remains to be determined. Second, the sample size was modest, which may explain why several secondary outcome indicators showed no differences. Third, no correlation was noted between the indications of long-term recovery (particularly long-term mortality) and depth of anesthesia. Lastly, several confounding factors that could impact our results have not been accounted for, such as electrocoagulation electrosurgery induced high frequency interfering signal.