4. Discussion
chronic kidney disease, IBS, HD, chronic renal impairment, diabetic
CHRONIC RENAL IMPAIRMENT, FLUID OVERLOAD, INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES, CHRONIC DISEASES, INFLUENZA A, CHRONIC INFLAMMATION
At the end of the trial, high doses of VDResults of the current trial were consistent with a prior RCT [Previous clinical trials have typically been conducted under a treatment protocol close to or similar to our protocol, but they have been scarce. After extensive review, some clinical research studies were conducted under a protocol similar to this trial: four trials. In a trial conducted for 12 weeks on early chronic kidney disease [Patients with chronic renal impairment, such as hemodialysis patients, have elevated plasma IL-6 levels due to chronic inflammation and fluid overload. Reduced IL-6 clearance is noted with compromised kidney function, contributing to its retention. Therapeutic hemodialysis triggers inflammatory responses and increases IL-6 production [The same dose of VD3 (50,000 IU per week) for 12 weeks lowered IL-6 levels in another RCT that aimed to examine the effect of VD3 and omega-3 fatty acid cosupplementation as an adjuvant chemotherapy [It is important to note here that the observations of Al-Haidari and Khalighi were from trials conducted on patients under the influence of the treatment protocol for chronic diseases. In the Khalighi trial, all IBS patients received antispasmodic medication (Mebeverine, 135 mg twice daily) besides VDSome studies have linked changes in the serum levels of IFN-γ and IL-10 observed after VDRCTs conducted on diabetic hemodialysis (HD) patients [Considering the impact of a given dose in the different protocols, past clinical trials utilized different doses and durations of VDOn the other hand, age and body weight factors are separately involved in the association between 25OHD and other proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF). Elevated IL-6 and other cytokines observed in this trial contradict our previous hypothesis and are challenging to explain biologically. Considering whether the study sample is healthy people or patients, the effect of VDFurther, the presence or absence of typical risk factors did not obscure the U-shape association [Although it has been established that VD3 supplementation reduces the incidence of influenza A [Another piece of evidence that came from a recent study showed that VDNevertheless, IL-6 decreases DC maturation and chemokine-receptor 7 expressions and may sometimes operate as an anti-inflammatory modulator [Contraindicating results might contribute to the varying doses and durations of VD