Statistical analysis
SPSS 25.0 was used for the statistical analysis, and a P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Continuous variables were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U test or independent samples t test, and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was performed first to confirm whether the data were normally distributed. Normally distributed measurements are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation, and non-normally distributed variables are expressed as the median (interquartile range). Categorical variables were compared using the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test and expressed as percentages. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software version 25.0. Two-sided p values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.