References
mixed-fed, breast milk, AD, CMPA
ATOPIC DERMATITIS, PROTEIN ALLERGY
Flow diagram of the A.R.T. population. BF: breastfeeding; pHF: partially hydrolyzed formula; SF: standard formula; PP: Per-Protocol; ITT: intention-to-treat; BM: breast milk.Changes in infants’ length-for-age z-score (LAZ) from baseline to 4 and 6 months of age per treatment arm (ITT analysis). * The asterisks indicate that the changes from baseline to 6 months observed in the SF and pHF arms are significantly higher compared to the relevant change observed in the EBF arm. The dots appearing in the figure represent outlier values.Changes in infants’ length-for-age z-score (LAZ) from baseline to 4 and 6 months of age per treatment arm (PP analysis). * The asterisks indicate that the change from baseline to 4 months observed in the pHF arm is significantly higher compared to the relevant changes observed in the EBF and pHF arms. In addition, the asterisks show that the changes from baseline to 6 months observed in the SF and the pHF arms are significantly higher compared to the relevant change observed in the EBF arm. The dots appearing in the figure represent outlier values.Changes in infants’ weight-for-age z-score (WAZ) from baseline to 4 and 6 months of age per treatment arm (ITT analysis). * The asterisks indicate that the changes from baseline to 4 and 6 months observed in the SF arm are significantly higher compared to the relevant changes observed in the EBF and pHF arms. The dots appearing in the figure represent outlier values.Changes in infants’ weight-for-age z-score (WAZ) from baseline to 4 and 6 months of age per treatment arm (PP analysis). * The asterisks indicate that the changes from baseline to 6 months observed in the SF and pHF arms are significantly higher compared to the relevant change observed in the EBF arm. The dots appearing in the figure represent outlier values.Changes in infants’ BMI-for-age z-score (BAZ) from baseline to 4 and 6 months of age per treatment arm (ITT analysis). * The asterisks indicate that the changes from baseline to 6 months observed in the SF and pHF arms are significantly higher compared to the relevant change observed in the EBF arm. The dots appearing in the figure represent outlier values.Changes in infants’ BMI-for-age z-score (BAZ) from baseline to 4 and 6 months of age per treatment arm (PP analysis). * The asterisks indicate that the changes from baseline to 4 and 6 months observed in the SF arm are significantly higher compared to the relevant changes observed in the EBF and pHF arms. The dots appearing in the figure represent outlier values.Descriptive characteristics of study participants allocated to the three treatment arms at baseline (ITT analysis dataset).EBF: exclusive breastfeeding; pHF: partially hydrolyzed formula; SF:standard formula; ITT: Intention-to-treat; Changes in infants’ growth indices from baseline to 4 and 6 months of age per treatment arm (ITT analysis).SEM: Standard Error of Mean; EBF: exclusive breastfeeding; pHF: partially hydrolyzed formula; SF: standard formula; ITT: intention-to-treat. *All Descriptive characteristics of study participants allocated to the three treatment arms at baseline (PP analysis dataset).EBF: exclusive breastfeeding; pHF: partially hydrolysed formula; SF: Standard formula; PP: Per-protocol; N: Number of study participants; n: number of non-missing observations; SD: Standard Deviation; IQR: Interquartile Range. Changes in infants’ growth indices from baseline to 4 and 6 months of age per treatment arm (PP analysis).SEM: Standard Error of Mean; EBF: exclusive breastfeeding; pHF: partially hydrolyzed formula; SF: standard formula; PP: Per Protocol. *All Incidence and relative risk for CMPA and AD within the first six months of life in exclusively breastfed, exclusively formula-fed, and mixed-fed infants in partially hydrolyzed and standard formula groups (ITT analysis dataset).AD: atopic dermatitis; CMPA: cow’s milk protein allergy, confirmed by oral food challenge; EBF: exclusive breastfeeding; pHF: partially hydrolyzed formula; SF: standard formula; ITT: intention-to-treat; Incidence and relative risk for CMPA and AD within the first six months of life in exclusively breastfed, exclusively formula-fed, and mixed-fed infants (PP analysis dataset).AD: atopic dermatitis; CMPA: cow’s milk protein allergy, confirmed by oral food challenge; EBF: exclusive breastfeeding; pHF: partially hydrolyzed formula; SF: standard formula; PP: Per-Protocol; N: number of study participants; RR