2.4. Study Interventions
This study focused on two specific interventions: TRE and BE-informed interventions. In the TRE groups, patients were instructed to restrict their daily food intake to a 9 h window (between 8:00 AM and 5:00 PM), without any limitation on the types of food and beverages consumed. This approach involved a fasting period of 15 h per day.The BE interventions included financial incentives and text reminders aimed at increasing adherence to TRE. Participants were eligible to receive a monthly monetary payment of 1000 THB (approximately 85 USD) if they self-reported adherence to the TRE for at least 5 days a week over a 4-week period. In addition, text reminders were sent to participants every 2 days to reinforce their commitment to achieving the TRE goal of 5 days per week, track their personal performance, and remind them of the TRE interval. Participants in all three groups were also requested to maintain a logbook to record their first and last mealtime each day.