5. Conclusions
DOMS, EIMD
The present study demonstrates that long-term supplementation with New Zealand GSM powder expedited the recovery of muscle function, reduced the severity of DOMS and facilitated the dissipation of DOMS and CK to baseline during recovery following EIMD to the quadriceps. These findings support the potential benefits of GSM powder as a functional food for supporting muscle recovery in untrained men. Further research is required to investigate whether GSM confer similar benefits in untrained women and trained athletes. Future research to characterise whether the efficacy of GSM powder in supporting muscle recovery is mediated by the immune-modulatory properties of GSM powder constituents is recommended.