Study population
MALIGNANT TUMOR, CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE, ACUTE RESPIRATORY FAILURE
A total of 508 STEMI patients undergoing pPCI at the Cardiovascular Center of Beijing Friendship Hospital from November 2018 to October 2021 were enrolled in this study. 70 patients were excluded according to the exclusion criteria including acute respiratory failure; continuous renal replacement therapy or prior kidney transplantation; uncontrolled congestive heart failure; exposure to contrast agent within 7 days before pPCI or 3 days after pPCI; malignant tumor; patients who did not complete hydration due to various reasons (Supplementary Fig. 1). Finally, consecutive 438 patients were included in the final analysis. All patients were followed up to December 2021 with a median follow-up of 22.4 months (IQR 9.6, 32.6 months).The local institutional review board at our hospital approved the study protocol, and this study was in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.