2.1. Study setting and participants
menopausal syndrome
MENOPAUSAL SYNDROME, DISEASES, OSTEOPOROSIS
The study was conducted in six hospitals in Chongqing, China from August 2021 to August 2022. Participants were from different hospitals with Grade-A Tertiary Hospital in order to reduce information contamination. Located in southwestern China, Chongqing is known as a “miniature of China” because its urban-rural distribution, social-economic profile, and geographic characteristics were close to the national average. Currently, Chongqing consists of 38 districts and counties with 34.13 million residents, among which middle-aged woman account for 38.7% (Participants were recruited in the study if they met the following inclusion criteria: women aged 40–60 years and suffered from menopausal syndrome assessed by the modified Kupperman Menopause Index (mKMI). The following exclusion criteria were applied: (1) without these diseases such as malignant tumors/severe organic dysfunction/acute infectious diseases/severe osteoporosis; (2) receiving psychological treatment; (3) cannot exercise.