Materials and methods
upper ureteric stone, allergy, horseshoe kidney or duplicated ureter, pain
URINARY TRACT INFECTION, ALLERGY, COAGULOPATHY, CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY
This prospective randomized parallel open label parallel clinical trial was carried out on 140 patients aged above 18 years old, both sex, and diagnosed with upper ureteric stone or stone kidney (with stone burden < 2 cm), non-stented and admitted to the Urology Department of Benha University Hospitals. The patients provided informed written consent before participating in the study. The research was conducted within the approved guidelines of the institutional ethical committee of Benha University Hospitals (Approval code: Ms 7–12-2022) during the period from March 2022 to March 2023. Additionally, the study was registered on clinicaltrials.gov (ID: NCT05798572).The study excluded patients with the following conditions: refusal to participate; patients with acute or chronic renal insufficiency; pre-stented patients; those with uncorrected coagulopathy, previous open surgery (lumbar or ureteric), urinary tract infection, a history of alpha-blocker, PDF5 inhibitor and Ca-blocker medication (to avoid its effect on the degree of urethral dilatation), abnormal anatomies such as horseshoe kidney or duplicated ureter, suspected or known allergy to silodosin, and medication abuse. Also, for cases that exhibited failure application of UAS during the procedure and cases admitted immediately with severe pain, a double J stent was applied and then they were excluded from the research.