Statistical analyses
RECRUITMENT
Descriptive analysis was performed for the continuous outcomes using mean (95% confidence intervals) and Student’s T-test for parametric data, or median (range) analysed using Mann Whitney U test for non-parametric data. Chi-squared testing was used for proportional data. Recruitment rates are shown as a percentage with 95% confidence interval. All analyses were performed on an intention-to-treat basis using GraphPad 8.0 (For metabolomic analyses, data were centered and scaled to perform sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis (SPLS-DA) validated by k-fold cross-validation to establish differences between ketogenic and control diet groups at baseline and on day 10. Owing to the high variability in this data set, orthogonal projection to latent structures (OPLS) was utilised to maximise variationFor time course analysis, a linear mixed effect model was fitted to each data matrix using the limma package and R version 4.0.3 (