Data measurement and collection
fasting blood glucose, peripheral venous blood
BLOOD
Before and after phase II CR, baseline data were measured such as body weight, body height, lipid profile (total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglyceride), fasting blood glucose, PCSK9, and liver function in all subjects. Blood samples were taken after patients fasted for 12 h and measured at the NCCHK laboratory unit; while PCSK9 level examination was assayed at the Division of Research and Development laboratory as follows: peripheral venous blood was taken from the subjects into a tube containing Ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA). The samples were then centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 15 min to isolate the plasma. Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was used to measure PCSK9 (R&DSystems® catalog number DPC900, Minneapolis). The result was then read at 450 nm wavelength. All clinical data related to CABG surgery were derived from medical records. At the end of the study period, the same measurements were taken. In addition, we utilized the WHO-5 Wellbeing Index to measure patients’ quality of life [