Trial Design and Participants
Infection
RENAL, INFECTION
MIST-3 was an open-label, multicenter, three-arm randomized controlled feasibility trial undertaken in eight centers in the United Kingdom. All eligible patients were included on screening logs, and the reasons for inclusion, exclusion, and/or randomization were recorded. The trial was registered on ISCRTN (number 18,192,121) and received ethical approval by the Cambridge East Research Ethics Committee (19/EE/0174).Eligibility criteria were: The exclusion criteria are outlined in the online supplement. Patients who met the eligibility criteria were screened and enrolled when the diagnosis had been confirmed. The date of chest tube insertion was considered to be trial Day 0. To exclude cases in which initial intervention resulted in complete pleural drainage, a run-in period of standard care (antibiotics and chest tube drainage) as long as 24 hours occurred after drain insertion. If a significant residual collection remained, the patient was eligible for randomization (confirmed by the local principal investigator [PI]) based on one or more predefined criteria of medical treatment failure (Trial design. IET = intrapleural enzyme therapy; RAPID = Renal (urea), Age, fluid Purulence, Infection source, Dietary (albumin); VATS = video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. *Minimization for site and RAPID category