Anthropometric assessments.
MALNUTRITION
All infants enrolled in the trial were eligible for anthropometric measurement at enrollment and 6 months. At both timepoints, children were weighed with a standard infant scale, length was measured using a ShorrBoard (Weight and Measure, LLC, Olney, MD) and mid-upper-arm circumference (MUAC) was measured using a standard MUAC tape (Weight and Measure, LLC, Olney, MD). Length measurements were collected in triplicate and the median was used for all analyses. Children with MUAC measurements <11.5 cm at the 6-month study visit were referred to the health facility’s nutritional program for assessment of acute malnutrition. The infant scale was standardized each morning before measuring any infants using a 2-kg test weight. Any scale that did not pass calibration was replaced. All study personnel underwent a 2-day didactic and practical training for anthropometric measurements before the beginning of the study. Study personnel conducted monthly monitoring visits to each enrollment site to observe and provide refresher training as needed and at least once per year. Study data underwent weekly monitoring and outlying values were flagged, and study supervision visits were made to sites if there were concerns about outlying values.