2.2. Study Participants and Protocol
T2DM
This study reports the electrocardiogram analysis of HRV of ten ambulatory T2DM individuals. The inclusion criteria in the current protocol were individuals previously diagnosed by their primary physician as having T2DM and currently on treatment, between the ages of 25 and 85 years. The exclusion criteria included inability to provide informed consent, interference with the placement of a continuous glucose-monitoring device (CGM) during the study period, and lack of compliance with the JD protocol. Participants were asked not to drink coffee or caffeinated beverages on any of the study days. Activity level of the participant was determined using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short form. The IPAQ scores physical activity levels as low, moderate, or high [Body mass index (BMI) was computed to characterize the participants as follows: BMI normal weight—18.5 to 24.9, overweight—25 to 29.9, and obese—30 or more. 