4. Discussion
insomnia, Insomnia, sleep disorder
DYSFUNCTION, CORTEX
This study delved into the impact of Stress has been found to be associated with the occurrence of insomnia episodes, being a major contributing factor among the various potential causes of the sleep disorder. When acute stressors are encountered, the production and release of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) are increased, which in turn triggers the release of ACTH from the anterior pituitary. ACTH then stimulates the synthesis and release of cortisol from the adrenal cortex [Insomnia’s onset and progression are closely linked to the dysfunction of the HPA axis [The intervention with CCFM1025 had an impact on the serum metabolites of participants. In our study, we identified a key substance, daidzein, which displayed differential expression in the serum before and after the experimental intervention in both the probiotic and placebo groups (Our study has several limitations that warrant attention and should be addressed in future research endeavors. Firstly, it is essential to increase the number of participants in the second round of human trials, taking into account potential sex differences within the treatment group. This step will enhance the robustness and generalizability of our findings. Secondly, our study did not implement strict dietary controls for participants, with the exception of antibiotic use. Consequently, we were unable to determine whether diet directly influenced serum metabolite levels. Given that the gut microbiome is predominantly influenced by diet, it is possible that the specific impact of probiotics on the gut microbial profile remains unclear. To obtain more meaningful insights, future investigations should consider implementing rigorous dietary controls and employing shotgun metagenomics analysis. Undoubtedly, alterations in our living environment, work, social schedules, and biological elements can influence sleep to some extent [