1. Introduction
hyperactivity, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, psychiatric disorder, impulsivity, ADHD, PTBM
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the most common psychiatric disorder in children, is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity [The neuroplasticity in young children is notably higher compared to that of older children [Despite the effectiveness of preschool PTBM, continued attention to behavioral programs is essential because the diversity of interventions and outcome measures makes the effects of behavioral treatment variable whether alone or with medication [This study, integrating the effective elements of existing training programs, proposes a preschool PTBM intervention program that considers the occurrence, development, and influencing factors of ADHD symptoms from a systems theory perspective. This program directly analyzes the bidirectional influences between parents and children during the implementation of interventions at the behavioral level. By instructing parents on how to effectively dissect and understand the reciprocal dynamics within parent-child interactions, we can cultivate their emotional awareness, acceptance, and emotional regulation capabilities. This empowerment allows parents to adopt smarter, more thoughtful intervention strategies when managing their children's behavioral challenges.Therefore, this study conducted a multicenter study of parent group efficacy. The study combined five units across different sites. Offline and online training was provided to the therapists and physicians implementing the intervention at each center to ensure that the interventionists had an accurate grasp of parent training strategies. Regular supervision was conducted to ensure the accuracy and consistency of implementation. In addition, a detailed operation manual was developed and distributed to the intervention staff carrying out the parent training to ensure consistency. Each center conducted a randomized control, and to ensure data safety and objectivity, an observer-blind strategy was adopted, with those implementing the intervention separated from those distributing the collected data. The main contributions of this paper are as follows. We propose a behavioral analysis based on parent-child interactions emphasizing parental emotional awareness and management to ensure that parents are empowered to implement child-specific behavior managementIt represents China's first multicenter study to conduct behavior management training for parents of children with preschool ADHDIt is a large-sample, randomized controlled, and follow-up studyThis study proposes a training intervention program involving parent-child interaction for preschool ADHD, which provides a practical pathway for intervention treatment of preschool ADHD. First, this paper briefly describes the efficacy of parent group therapy in improving ADHD core symptoms and emotional behavioral and social functioning in preschool ADHD. Then, in 