Patient enrollment
mental illness, compartment knee osteoarthritis, haemophilia, developmental disability, varus deformity, active knee infections, medial knee pain, neuromuscular injury, Kellgren-Lawrance
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS, SEVERE OBESITY, RECRUITMENT, HAEMOPHILIA, MAY, DISEASES
This prospective, open-label study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The protocol was approved by the institutional review board (IRB) of Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital (Taipei, Taiwan) (IRB number: 20181006R). Prior to the recruitment of the study, the informed consent was obtained from all participants. We prospectively collected the data of 20 patients who underwent HTO in combination with BMC injection between June 2019 and May 2021. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) medial knee pain that could not be alleviated by non-pharmacological or pharmacological treatments; (2) radiographs showing moderate to severe medial compartment knee osteoarthritis with Kellgren-Lawrance (KL) grade II–IV; (3) patients with tibiofemoral angle less than valgus 5° or with varus deformity measured by standing anteroposterior radiographs; and (4) age between 20 and 70 years old. The exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) history of knee surgery; (2) history of stem cell transplantation in the knee; (3) other pathological diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, active knee infections, haemophilia, chronic anterior or posterior cruciate ligament instability; (4) participants with severe obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 35); (5) active neuromuscular injury; (6) participants with poor health conditions that cannot tolerate surgical interventions; (7) participants with severe mental illness, developmental disability, inability to read consent forms, or unable to cooperate with the researchers; and (8) participants under pregnancy or breastfeeding. A total of 20 participants were recruited and included in the analysis. None of the participants were lost to follow-up.