Discussion
ADHD
ADVERSE EFFECTS, SECONDARY
We conducted a randomized, sham-controlled, double-blind clinical trial to examine the effects of active tRNS + CT in 23 unmedicated children with ADHD. We found that tRNS + CT improved clinical ADHD symptoms immediately following treatment, and that the effects did not significantly change at a 3-week follow-up, compared to the control group of sham + CT. This improvement was accompanied by changes in periodic RS-EEG activity, of reduced bandwidth of extracted peaks in beta in frontal area following active treatment, with further reduction at a 3-week follow-up. Moreover, a trend for lower aperiodic exponent was seen in Fz following treatment. Of the remaining secondary outcomes, the only significant effect was found for longer onset sleep latencies and more wake-up times following treatment compared to control intervention. Finally, adverse effects were minimal and similar across groups.