2.1. Experimental Design
knee flexion and extension ROM, pain
CONTRACTION
We used a randomized, repeated-measures experimental design to compare the effects of a 1-week FR intervention on patients with TKA. The FR intervention was performed from the second to third postoperative weeks (1 week). The FR intervention program consisted of 60s × 3 repetitions × 2 times/day × 6 days (for a total of 2160 s/week) performed on the knee extensors muscles by a physical therapist. Outcome variables were measured before (PRE) and after (POST) the FR intervention. We assessed knee flexion and extension ROM, pain (i.e., using a visual analog scale [VAS]), 10-m walk speed, timed up-and-go test (TUG), one-leg standing time, and maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) torques of the knee extensors.