Introduction
PEW, intradialytic renal, Protein-energy wasting
MALNOURISHED
Protein-energy wasting (PEW) is a common problem in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients, with a prevalence of 28–54% [Several diagnostic criteria have been suggested for PEW. In 2008, the ISRNM expert panel [Various nutritional strategies have been proposed for the treatment of PEW. These include dietary counseling, administration of oral nutritional supplements (ONS), enteral tube feeding, intradialytic partial parenteral nutrition, and total parenteral nutrition [ONS should be prescribed when dietary counseling alone fails to meet the gap between spontaneous dietary consumption and recommended nutritional requirements [This study aimed to assess the effects of intradialytic renal non-specific, protein- and energy-based, oral nutritional supplement (ONS) on individual nutritional markers as well as the composite PEW score in malnourished prevalent hemodialysis patients.