STE and PICCO
BLIND
All patients were examined for STE and PICCO within 1 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h and 7d, respectively after admission. STE was finished by an experienced ultrasound physician using GE Vivid Q color Doppler bedside ultrasound with M5s probe, and the frequency was 1.7 ~ 3.4 MHz. He only know the study protocol, but blind to the grouping protocol. The PICCO examination was performed by scientific research physicians using PICCO-3.