3.2. Primary Outcomes
pain

Based on repeated measures ANOVA, the time effect was significant (As In the control group, the pain score increased with a sharper slope between 15 and 30 minutes compared with the ESP block group. The maximum pain score in the control group was nearly 4, compared with 2 in the ESP block group. After the time point of 30 min, the pain score in the control group decreased with a sharper slope compared with the ESP block group.