Results
illness symptoms, depression, anemia
ANEMIA
The final analytical sample included 1579 mother-infant pairs women with singleton, live births, and preconception Hb concentration data (Baseline maternal characteristics at preconception enrollment and child characteristics from birth to 6–7 yHb, hemoglobin. Child health and development outcomes from birth to 6Hb, hemoglobin; SGA, small for gestational age. There were no significant interactions with the intervention group, so pooled findings for all models are presented. Neither preconception Hb concentration nor anemia were significantly associated with birth outcomes (Maternal preconception hemoglobin (Hb) concentration and anemia status and association with birth outcomesValues are β [95% CI].Values are OR [95% CI].Adjusted for maternal age, minority status, education, socioeconomic status, infant sex, intervention group, and duration of time prior to conceptionAssociation between preconception maternal and offspring hemoglobin (Hb) concentration and anemia status during the first 1000 dValues are β [95% CI]; ∗Values are OR [95% CI]; ∗Adjusted for maternal age, minority status, education, socioeconomic status, infant sex, child age, intervention group, duration of time prior to conception, early initiation of breastfeeding, and illness symptoms in the last 2 wk at 3 mo.Adjusted for maternal age, minority status, education, socioeconomic status, infant sex, child age, intervention group, duration of time prior to conception, early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding at 6 mo, illness symptoms in the last 2 wk at 6 mo.Adjusted for maternal age, minority status, education, socioeconomic status, infant sex, child age, intervention group, duration of time prior to conception, early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding at 6 mo, minimum dietary diversity at 12 mo, and illness symptoms in the last 2 wk at 12 mo.Adjusted for maternal age, minority status, education, socioeconomic status, infant sex, child age, intervention group, duration of time prior to conception, early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding at 6 mo, minimum dietary diversity at 24 mo, and illness symptoms in the last 2 wk at 24 mo.Maternal preconception Hb concentration was positively associated with child motor development at 12 mo in unadjusted models (0.70; 95% CI: 0.23, 1.17), with significant attenuation in the fully adjusted model (0.49; 95% CI: 0.0, 0.99), Association between preconception maternal hemoglobin (Hb) concentration and anemia with child development at 12 and 24 moValues are β [95% CI]; ∗Adjusted for maternal age, minority status, education, socioeconomic status, infant sex, child age, intervention group, duration of time prior to conception, home environment, maternal IQ, depression, early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding at 6 mo, minimum dietary diversity at 12 mo, and child illness in the last 2 wk at 12 mo.Adjusted for maternal age, minority status, education, socioeconomic status, infant sex, child age, intervention group, duration of time prior to conception, home environment, maternal IQ, depression, early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding at 6 mo, minimum dietary diversity at 24 mo, and child illness in the last 2 wk at 24 mo.Association between preconception maternal hemoglobin (Hb) concentration and anemia with child development at 6FSIQ, full-scale intelligence quotient; PRI, perceptual reasoning index; PSI, processing speed index; VCI, verbal comprehension index; WMI, working memory index;.Values are β [95% CI], ∗Adjusted for maternal age, minority status, education, socioeconomic status, infant sex, child age intervention group, duration of time prior to conception, home environment, maternal intelligence quotient, depression, early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding at 6 mo, minimum dietary diversity at 24 mo, and child illness in the last 2 wk at 6–7 y.