Introduction
cortical pain, pain
The totally implantable venous access port (TIVAP) is a subcutaneous infusion system that can be retained in the human body for a long time [The pain management of non-coring needle puncture is mainly divided into non-pharmacology and pharmacology, such as the use of virtual reality, Vapocoolant spray, cryotherapy, cutaneous stimulation therapy, lidocaine cream, and lavender essential oil [The main component of lidocaine spray is lidocaine, which achieves the surface anesthetic effect by accumulating at the cortical pain receptors and nerve endings. Local anesthesia can be produced 1–2 min after spraying, and the duration is 15–20 min. Compared with lidocaine cream and Vapocoolant spray, lidocaine spray has the advantages of quick onset, long duration of anesthesia, and convenient use. Some researchers have used lidocaine spray to relieve pain related to venipuncture, radial artery puncture [