Study participants
Parkinson’s disease, jejunojejunal bypass, central nervous depression, glaucoma
MYASTHENIA GRAVIS, PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA, BASAL GANGLIA DISEASE, GLAUCOMA
The same surgeon performed all procedures, including laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy plus duodenojejunal bypass (LSG-DJB), laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy plus jejunojejunal bypass (LSG-JJB), and one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB). The inclusion criteria were the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I–III, aged 18–60 years, and scheduled for elective LBS under general anesthesia. The exclusion criteria were listed as followed: contraindication to penehyclidine administration (glaucoma, basal ganglia disease, Parkinson’s disease, pheochromocytoma, myasthenia gravis, severe central nervous depression, and ECG showing prolonged Q-T interval) and already using antiemetic drugs within 48 h before surgery.