2.1. Study Design and Patient Enrollment
abnormal coagulation, bleeding disorder, allergy, ESPB
ABNORMAL COAGULATION, POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS, ALLERGY, MAY, BLEEDING DISORDER
The original NESP trial was registered with Adult patients from a single tertiary center undergoing on-pump cardiac surgery were enrolled from December 2019 to May 2021 if they met the eligibility criteria: age 18 to 75 years, elective surgery, and sinus rhythm. All the patients provided written consent. The exclusion criteria included: allergy to drugs used in the study; body mass index >35; bleeding disorder or abnormal coagulation profile; emergency or redo surgery; American Society of Anesthesiologists class >3; preoperative cardiocirculatory support; and a left ventricular ejection fraction <30%. After open-label block randomization, patients were assigned (1:1) to either NDGA (group 1, Control) or bilateral single-shot ESPB followed by NDGA (group 2, ESPB).For this post hoc analysis of the NESP trial, we included all the patients from the original trial and two more ESPB patients excluded from the initial analysis due to immediate postoperative complications.