Dietary intake separates probiotic responders vs. non-responders
elevated blood glucose
While participants did not change their diet over the course of the study (linear mixed effects modeling, Dietary intake differentiating probiotic responders and non-responders. (A) Nutrients that differ between probiotic responders (n=14) and non-responders (n=12) across the entire study (weeks -4 through 14), normalized by median body weight (kg) (siggenes, FDR < 0.05, q-value < 0.1). Scaled nutrient intake is the mean intake value subtracted from each value and divided by the standard deviation. The line within the box plot represents the median value. (B) Scaled average food group intake (weeks 0 and 10) in which the mean value is subtracted from each value and divided by the standard deviation normalized for median body weight between responders and non-responders (sweets; unpaired t-test, p-value = 0.010). The line within the box plot represents the median value.Interestingly, despite lower sugar consumption in the non-responders relative to responders, the non-responder group had elevated blood glucose over the course of the study and relative to the placebo group. Conversely, probiotic responders consumed more sugar than non-responders, yet their blood glucose was not different from the placebo group. These differences highlight an interesting combination of increased blood sugar despite lower sugar consumption in the non-responders.