Prescribing outcomes, 3 months pre and post intervention.
REGRESSION
Logistic regression models, accounting for clustering of patients by physician, showed the preference odds for a nitrofurantoin prescription following a UAC diagnosis increased by 57% in the 12 months after the intervention (relative risk (RR) = 1.57, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.43–1.71). The increase in nitrofurantoin preference was offset by a 33% decrease in treatment with ciprofloxacin (RR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.52–0.83) and a 32% decrease in TMP-SMX (RR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.50–0.86). The intervention was not associated with a change in treatment with other antibiotics or a change in UAC followed by no treatment. The 3 month pre-and-post intervention sensitivity analysis yielded similar results. The intervention was associated with a 37% increase in nitrofurantoin prescribing (RR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.20–1.54) in the early physician group relative to the delayed group. Likewise, both ciprofloxacin and TMP-SMX were associated with a 26% decrease in treatment (RR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.56–0.91) and (RR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.54–0.94), respectively.