Exclusion criteria
birth defect
MINOR


Hospitals discharge> 10% of infants from the hospital on opioid replacement therapy on average per year
Any of the following is an infant level exclusion criterion:Major birth defect (e.g., gastroschisis)Any major surgery (minor surgery [e.g., circumcision, digit ligation, frenulectomy] is not an exclusion)Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathySeizures from etiologies other than NOWSTreatment with opioid for reasons other than NOWSRespiratory support (nasal cannula or greater) for > 72 hPlanned discharge from the hospital on opioidsUse of other opioids (e.g., buprenorphine) as primary drugs for treatmentWeaning of morphine or methadone as the primary treatment of NOWS has started