Competing interests
RECRUITMENT
The prebiotic bar was provided by BetterBiotics Inc which is co-owned by Drs. Keshavarzian, Hamaker, and Sedghi. A provisional patent is pending for the prebiotic mixture used in the bar (Patent Applicant: Purdue Research Foundation, Inventors: Drs. Hamaker, Cantu-Jungles, Keshavarzian, Application Number: 69548-02, Status: Pending, Patent covers the use of prebiotics to improve health). Drs. Keshavarzian, Hamaker, Sedghi, and Cantu-Jungles were not involved in subject recruitment, subject assessments, or statistical analysis of the data. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.