Histomorphological results
The percentage of new bone area at the 3 mm point was statistically significant different in the three study groups, with higher values in the rhBMP-2/BioCaP/β-TCP group (21.18% ± 7.62% in the rhBMP-2/BioCaP/β-TCP group, 13.44% ± 6.03% in the β-TCP group, and 9.49% ± 0.08% in controls). Also, the median (min, max) values were 20.93% (10.62%, 39.08%) in the rhBMP-2/BioCaP/β-TCP group, 13.48% (3.78%, 23.42%) in the β-TCP group, and 12.21% (0.28%, 18.58%) in the controls (Table Comparison of histological data of the biopsies-PPS in three groupsPairwise comparison of histological data of the new bone area %1: rhBMP-2/BioCaP/β-TCP group; 2: β-TCP group; 3: natural healing groupIn the rhBMP-2/BioCaP/β-TCP group, the percentage of residual materials area was 10.04% ± 4.57%, the median (min, max) was 10.47% (2.58%, 16.80%), which was significantly lower than that observed in the β-TCP group, 20.60% ± 9.54%, median (min, max) was 18.24% (9.38%, 42.22%) (Table There were statistically significant differences in the percentage of unmineralized tissue area among the three groups (the rhBMP-2/BioCaP/β-TCP group: 68.78% ± 7.67%; the β-TCP group: 65.96% ± 12.64%; and the natural healing group: 90.38% ± 7.5%) (Pairwise comparison of histological data of the unmineralized tissue area %1: rhBMP-2/BioCaP/β-TCP group; 2: β-TCP group; 3: natural healing group