Conclusion
Alzheimer’s disease, AD
OTHER NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
In this study, we show that transcranial FUS combined with systemically circulating microbubbles results in transient spatially precise BBB opening within multifocal intraparenchymal brain regions of persons with AD and characterize FUS-related brain imaging changes. These post-FUS imaging changes will likely be relevant to further understanding FUS-mediated clinical responses and pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of novel neurotherapeutics. Post-FUS MRI reveals perivenous contrast accumulations that suggest the existence of a brain-wide perivenous fluid efflux route in humans. Permeabilization of veins along this network is shown here for the first time in various intracerebral regions of persons with AD. These clinical MRI features indicate that perivenous routes are sites of transient exudate formation that may facilitate immunological effluent clearance. Additional investigation is needed to further characterize these post-FUS perivenous reactions and to elucidate how modulation of this response by concurrent neurotherapeutic agent delivery may be leveraged to promote brain health in aging, Alzheimer’s disease, and other neurological disorders.
