Respiratory and hemodynamic effects of the PEEP-test
The PEEP-test consisted of a 7 (5–10) cmHDuring the PEEP-test, heart rate changed neither in volume responders nor in non-volume responders. On the contrary, arterial pressure increased, regardless of the volume responsiveness status (Table The PEEP-test increased CI to a larger extent in volume responders than in non-responders, in absolute value (Table Changes in cardiac index with passive leg raising, PEEP-test and volume expansion in volume responsive and volume unresponsive patients. 