Statistical analysis
Statistical data were analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 software. Data were presented as mean ± standard deviation or percentages. Differences in multi-group comparisons were evaluated using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the Tukey method for homogeneous data and Dunnett’s T3 method for non-homogeneous data. The comparison of proportion and correlation analyses was conducted using the Chi-square test. p < 0.05 indicated statistical significance.