Control group
anemia, hypotension, AKI, CI-AKI, CIN
DIABETES MELLITUS, CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE, ANEMIA, CIN
included 60 patients who received traditional treatment only.All patients were subjected to comprehensive history taking with particular emphasis on age, sex, co-morbidities, and drug history. Laboratory investigations were performed to all patients, including:
Preoperative: CBC, blood urea, creatinine, uric acid, lipid profile, ALT, AST, Sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus and urine analysis.3 to 5 days post-operative: Serum creatinine, blood urea, and uric acid.The Mehran risk score was calculated, and the predicted risk of AKI was subsequently calculated. The Mehran risk score is a scoring system based on awarded to each of the following multivariate predictors: (hypotension = 5 points; intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) use = 5 points; congestive heart failure = 5 points; serum creatinine > 1.5 mg/dL = 4 points.age > 75 years = 4 points; anemia = 3 points; diabetes mellitus = 3 points; contrast volume = 1 point for each 100 mL used) [The predicted AKI-risk was calculated based on the calculated total Mehran score according to the risk categories by Mehran et al.:Low risk (score of ≤ 5): CIN rate 7.5%, dialysis in 0.04%.Moderate risk (score of 6–10): CIN rate 14%, dialysis in 0.12%.High risk (score of 11–15): CIN rate 26.1%, dialysis in 1.09%,Very high risk (score of ≥ 16): CIN rate 57.3%, dialysis in 12.6% [The primary endpoint of the study was the incidence of CI-AKI which was defined as an increase in serum creatinine by an increase in serum creatinine of ≥ 0.3 mg/dl, or a serum creatinine increase of ≥ 1.5– 1.9 times baseline occurs within 3 days following the intravascular administration of a contrast medium in the absence of an alternative etiology.