Introduction
death, COPD
CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE, COPD, THORACIC
Currently, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global health emergency that affects people from all countries, socioeconomic classes, and age groups, and it has become one of the top three causes of death worldwide [Physical exercise training, as an active treatment recommended by the American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society with strong evidence, is the central component of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) [Compared with a single type of TCE, pulmonary-based Qigong exercise (PQE) is more targeted and practical for COPD-stable patients' functional recovery, which was developed by Liu et al. [Main characteristics of pulmonary-based Qigong exercise. A previous study has found that PQE intervention can significantly improve exercise capacity and facilitate activities of daily living and social participation compared to conventional PR [