Research design and data collection
This cross-sectional study included first-year health science students from five undergraduate health professional programs (HPP) four graduate HPP and one undergraduate general program of the Faculty of Health Sciences at McMaster University (Canada). There were no graduate general programs offered and thus available for inclusion in the study (Table 
Health professional programsPhysiotherapyOccupational TherapyChild LifeSpeech Language PathologyMedicineNursingMidwiferyPhysician’s AssistantSocial WorkFour weeks before initiating their respective programs, 1158 potential participants were invited to answer one of two online versions of the RIPLS: the traditional Likert scale by McFadyen et al. (2005) [To reduce the burden of research in students, participants were randomized so that 80% would be offered the Likert-scale version of the RIPLS (n = 922 from which 304 responded) and 20% were offered the Q-methodology survey version (n = 236, from which 71 responded). Since the goal of Q-methodology is to identify typologies within a cohort, low response rates do not bias results [A graphical representation of data collection of the two RIPLS versions is in Fig. 
Study organization: 1158 students were invited to participate in this study and were randomly assigned to complete the traditional Likert-Ranking (80% of population) or a Q-methodology ranking of the 19 RIPLS statements (20% of population). Likert rankings (n = 304/922) were summed to create an overall score as well as the 4 subscales as described by McFadyen et al. (2005). Q-methodology rankings (n = 71/236) were analyzed via by-person factor analysis and interpretation of qualitative feedback. Legend: T&C: Teamwork & collaboration; -ID, Negative professional identity; +ID, positive professional identity; R&R, roles and responsibilitiesLegend: T&C: Teamwork & collaboration; -ID, Negative professional identity; +ID, positive professional identity; R&R, roles and responsibilitiesSociodemographic (year of birth, gender, and health science program) and IPE-related variables (previous experiences with IPE) were also collected.