Participants and recruitment
delirium, neurological disease, unstable psychiatric, anxiety, epilepsy, stroke, dementia, ALS, bipolar disorder, psychosis, ADHD, depression, DSM-5
NEUROLOGICAL DISEASE, EPILEPSY, STROKE, DISEASE, MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, LIVER DISEASES, HYPERTENSION
A three-arm randomized clinical trial was conducted to monitor adult participants with ADHD for 3 months. The participants were recruited through a public call led by the PRODAH-Adult division between June 2021 and October 2022.The participants were evaluated according to the following inclusion criteria: a) fulfill diagnostic criteria for ADHD according to the DSM-5, b) age range between 18 and 45 years of age, c) own a smartphone, d) have a clinical ASRS score at diagnosis of ≥24, e) have at least a high school diploma, and f) accept the use of pharmacological treatment for ADHD. The exclusion criteria for the study were a) participants with any unstable or chronic clinical disease without adequate treatment, as hypertension, heart, kidney, or liver diseases; b) the presence of any significant neurological disease (e.g., delirium, dementia, epilepsy, ALS, TAND, multiple sclerosis, and stroke); and c) the presence of unstable psychiatric comorbidities requiring immediate treatment such as depression with risk of suicide, substance abuse/dependence, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and current or past history of psychosis.Prior to the trial, participants were evaluated by a clinically experienced psychiatrist using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Sociodemographic and medical history information was also collected. Participants answered the ASRS-18 questionnaire version validated in Brazil [Before starting the trial, participants were given a Baseline clinical evaluation by a psychiatrist with extensive experience with ADHD who confirmed the diagnosis based on a clinical interview and the application of the Portuguese version of the ADHD module of the K-SADS-E adapted for adults [CONSORT flowchart.