Setting
chronic pain, HLCs, pain
CHRONIC PAIN
The interventions were delivered in a Healthy Life Centre (HLC) in a major city of approximately 190,000 inhabitants in central Norway. The HLCs are part of Norwegian public primary healthcare services. People can attend HLC activities with or without a referral, in line with the general self-management initiatives increasingly shifting from specialized healthcare services to primary healthcare services in Norway [An outline of the interventions is presented in Table 
Outline of the interventions‘What is pain’‘The everyday circle’‘My challenges’‘Problem-solving’‘Coping in everyday life‘Personal qualities and skills‘Goal setting’‘Action plan’‘I can- I have a choice!’‘Coping strategies‘The way forward‘Evaluation’The theory sessions in the chronic pain self-management course used elements from cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and focused on pain theory, barriers in daily life, problem-solving, techniques to deal with being exhausted, poor sleep, and isolation. The participants did the exercise “The ‘everyday life circle” in week 1, consisting of distinct parts to illustrate what a person emphasizes and what the person uses time on [