BACKGROUND
Cancer, cancer, cancer pain, pain
ADVERSE REACTIONS, ADVERSE EVENTS, CANCER, ADVANCED CANCER, CANCER
With modern advances in cancer therapy, the mean survival of cancer patients is increasingly prolonged, and many individuals are living with cancer pain as a result. According to statistics from the WHO, at least 5.5 million cancer patients worldwide suffer from pain every day, and 70%–90% of patients with advanced cancer are experiencing or have experienced pain; in 30%–45% of these cases, the pain is severe.Although the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines recommend adding adjuvant analgesics (e.g., gabapentin, pregabalin, or corticosteroids) if opioids are insufficient for analgesia, repeated usage of these drugs may bring adverse reactions. Additionally, even though these combination drugs have shown benefits in pain control, some patients with intermediate or advanced cancer still receive no significant clinical advantage from these drugs in terms of decreasing opioid dosage and opioid‐related adverse events.Animal studies have shown that abdominal or intravenous injection of magnesium sulfate (MgSO