Inclusion and Exclusion
T2D, trauma
SLEEP APNEA, DISEASE, TYPE 1 DIABETES, SCARRING, HYPERTENSION, GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE (GERD), DYSLIPIDEMIA
Potential study patients identified through existing records were introduced to the aims of the study and its investigational nature, enabling them to make an informed decision regarding participation. Written informed consent was obtained from each patient.Included patients were required to be 18–65 years old with a BMI of ≥ 30.0 to ≤ 50.0 kg/mStudy exclusions were type 1 diabetes; uncontrolled T2D, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and sleep apnea; use of injectable insulin; prior non-MBS intestinal, colonic, or duodenal surgery; prior trauma, prostheses, disease, scarring, abnormal anatomy, or genetic expressions which prevented or contraindicated the study procedure; refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), 