Abbreviations
tumor necrosis, COPD
TUMOR NECROSIS, CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE, COPD, ADHESION, DISEASE
CURC: 500 mg HydroCurc twice daily; CON, placebo; hsCRP, high sensitivity C-reactive protein; GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; sICAM-1, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; NF-κB, nuclear factor-kappa B; N/L, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios; sP-selectin, soluble P-selectin; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; TLR-4, Toll like receptor 4; BMI, body mass index; NIH, National Institutes of Health, CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; FDA, US Food and Drug Administration; Cmax, peak plasma concentration; ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; STAT3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; NLRP3, NLR family pyrin domain containing 3; COX-2, cyclooxygenase 2; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.