Introduction
hormone-sensitive M0 prostate cancer
SECONDARY
Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) using a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist or antagonist is a component of treatment for advanced hormone-sensitive M0 prostate cancer (PC) as several prospective randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that the addition of ADT to radiation therapy (RT) prolongs PC-specific and overall survival (OS).The prognosis following prostate-specific antigen (PSA) failure in patients with localized PC treated with RT varies widely. In addition to PSA-based end points, such as PSA nadir or PSA doubling time, the shorter time interval from RT to PSA failure has been also found to be associated with worse clinical outcomes (eTable 1 in With the advent of more advanced treatments, such as AR-signaling inhibitors and docetaxel, an opportunity exists for treatment escalation, yet for whom treatment escalation is most needed remains unknown. In the current study, we present a secondary analysis of DFCI trial 05-043 using individual patient data, evaluating the factors of shorter time interval to PSA failure (ie, within 3 years) to identify patients for treatment escalation randomized clinical trials.