Background
tibial fracture, death, amputation, amputations, Traffic injuries, pain, infection, fractures, injuries, Infection
SCAR, DISEASE, MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS, INFECTION, INFECTION
Traffic injuries are the leading cause of death among young people worldwide. Tibial fractures are the most common long bone fractures and essential to hospital operating room procedures. Patients remain for many days in health facilities, which imposes a cost to the health system [The National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) reports an annual incidence of 492,000 tibial and fibular fractures annually in the United States. Patients with tibia fractures remain in the hospital for 569,000 days of hospitalization and require 825,000 medical consultations annually in the country [In Brazil, it is estimated that 11,000 surgeries are performed for the treatment of tibial fracture by the Unified Health System (SUS) for R$9,317,006.85 for the system [In the United Kingdom, the prevalence of complex wounds is estimated at 14.7 per 10,000 inhabitants per year, representing a universe of 80,000 patients at three billion pounds per year [A 2021 systematic review [Overall, the review indicated that initial hospital costs for reconstruction procedures were higher than for controls, while costs for amputations were lower. Infection cases incurred higher costs compared to non-infected cases. The average hospital stay across 15 studies was 56 days, with an average recovery time of 50 weeks. The review emphasized the impact of tibia fractures on patients’ ability to work, with 40% experiencing partial or complete work impairment. In conclusion, the review underscored the need for further research into the economic impact of tibia fractures in diverse settings, particularly in low- and middle-income countries [Health Technology Assessment (HTA) is crucial for making decisions about new drugs and healthcare technologies in different healthcare systems. It primarily considers a balance between the clinical benefits for patients and the economic costs associated with introducing these new technologies into the healthcare system. While economics in general deals with allocating limited resources among competing needs, health economics specifically focuses on allocating resources to enhance health. It’s a branch of economics that examines efficiency, effectiveness, and the value of resources in healthcare [Economic evaluations have various potential uses, including creating public reimbursement lists, negotiating prices, developing clinical practice guidelines, and communicating with healthcare providers. These evaluations are vital for understanding the economic aspects of health and disease and recognizing the barriers to accessing adequate healthcare [The management of health services constantly seeks strategies to contain health costs and to reduce the possibilities of infection, amputation, and prolonged hospitalization time in wound resolution; new adjuvant and complementary procedures, such as photonic therapies, have been clinically tested.Photon therapies apply light in different clinical situations for prevention and health care. The applications involve high-intensity sources for use in surgeries, photodynamic treatment and photobiomodulation that have advanced with studies that show inhibitory or excitatory effects on tissues and organisms depending on the dosimetric parameters used [Photobiomodulation is a therapy using a laser or LED light that has been indicated for pain relief and tissue repair. Low-intensity light irradiation causes non-thermal, non-ionizing effects mediated by photochemical reactions. Therapy is described in the literature to treat damage to sports injuries and musculoskeletal disorders; it is applicable to reduce pain and scar size after surgery. Photobiomodulation may be associated with improvements in pain and physical function in treating bone fractures [The application of light stimulates the respiratory cycle in mitochondria and increases adenosine triphosphate molecules[Considering the possibility of inserting photon therapies in hospitals to reduce the days of hospitalization, this study aims to describe the costs of treatment using LEDs in the healing process of soft tissue injuries associated with tibial fracture compared to placebo.