4.1. Selection Criteria and Preoperative Assessment
calculus, allergy, tooth
PLAQUE, SYSTEMIC DISEASE, ALLERGY, -20
The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Rijeka (Class: 003-08/21-01/20, No. 2170-24-04-3-21-6) and the Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka (Class: 003-05/20-1/151, No. 2170-29-02/1-20-2) approved the conduct of the study on human participants willing to sign inform consent.Participants were consecutive individuals referred for extraction of at least one hopeless tooth in anterior maxilla followed by implant treatment. A total of 42 patients underwent the screening process; finally, 37 patients met the inclusion criteria and provided written consent to participate in clinical trial (All participants were older than 18 years, healthy, and had no health problems that would exclude them from dental implants. Smokers (>10 cigarettes per day), patients with uncontrolled systemic diseases, patients who had received therapeutic radiation to the head or neck, and pregnant and lactating patients were excluded from the study. They were all treated by the same surgeon (M. O.) at the dental clinic in Rijeka, Croatia, between June 2020 and March 2022.Before the procedure, patients underwent periodontal treatment to remove plaque and calculus and received detailed oral hygiene instructions. One hour before the procedure, patients received an appropriate antibiotic (875 mg penicillin + 125 mg clavulanic acid or 600 mg clindamycin in case of allergy). Preoperatively, 0.2% clorhexidine was used for mouth rinsing.