Subjects questionnaire
A questionnaire was given only to group (A) students who were taught in the flipped model to assess their perception of the FCM using google form. The learning materials were given to group A before the lecture while group B attended a traditional lecture as planned. The pretest and posttest were the same tests which were a concept recall test of 10 multiple-choice questions (MCQs). Any student was given full marks if he/she mentioned all the points.In this study, the statistical evaluation was performed using SPSS (version 20, Chicago, SPSS Inc. USA). The descriptive statistics for the numerical variables were presented as means and standard deviation after being assessed for normally distributed variables which were examined using the Shapiro-Wilk test. The t-test analysis was used to determine the significant difference that exists between the pretest and posttest scores of each student group. Then, an independent t-test was used to determine the significant difference that exists between the traditional and flipped classroom pretest and posttest score means. The ethical clearance of this study was approved by the Ethical Review Committee - Al-Neelain University Board, Khartoum, Sudan. All the studied volunteers enrolled in this study signed informed consent, and confidentiality and privacy of data were considered.