Background
death, ESKD, kidney disease, CRF, ESRD
KIDNEY DISEASE, CRF, CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE, ESRD, COMPLICATIONS
Chronic renal failure (CRF) has been declared the 12th leading cause of death worldwide [When CRF progresses and patients reach the end stage of kidney disease (ESKD), renal replacement therapy (RRT), including hemodialysis (HD) as the most common treatment modality [However, adequate healthcare services are rarely delivered to ESRD patients in low- and middle-income countries, including Iran. For instance, in Asia, 17–34% of people need to take advantage of RRT [Treatment non-adherence is one of the significant factors contributing to increased complications and the low efficacy of HD [Numerous factors are likely to result in poor treatment adherence, particularly inadequate knowledge [