Materials and methods
chronic pulmonary disease, obstructive or restrictive disease, ventricular tachyarrhythmias
VENTRICULAR TACHYARRHYTHMIA, HEART, CHRONIC PULMONARY DISEASE, CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE
This prospective, randomized single center study was approved by the local ethics committee (University of Naples “Federico II”—no132/17) and registered in clinical trial.org where the full protocol was available (NCT04194177—11/12/2019). The study was conducted from March 2020 to April 2022. All procedures were performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent of all patients was obtained before inclusion. Patients were included if they have healthy lungs, 18 years or older, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status (ASA) ≥ 2, undergoing elective robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy surgery. The presence of chronic pulmonary disease or other obstructive or restrictive disease, congestive heart failure New York Heart Association (NYHA) III/IV, BMI ≥ 35 and ventricular tachyarrhythmias were exclusion criteria.The random allocation sequence was created by using a web-based encrypted platform with a 1:1 ratio randomization sequence. Patients were assigned to one of the two groups: protective ventilation or conventional ventilation. In both groups, mechanical ventilation was set up at volume-controlled, FiOGeneral anesthesia was conducted in both groups as follow. After premedication with midazolam (0.05 mg/kg), anaesthesia was induced with sufentanil (0.2 mcg/kg), propofol (2 mg/kg) and rocuronium (0.6 mg/kg) and maintained with desflurane adjusted to achieve minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) 0.8, rocuronium (0.15 mg/kg) train of four (TOF) guided.EIT reconstructed functional images with high temporal resolution based on assessing impedance changes during the respiratory cycleSchematic diagram of study protocol and interventions for both groups.TV: tidal volume, PEEP: end-expiratory positive pressure.