1. Introduction
Obesity, obesity, T2D, tumor necrosis, TNF-α, eating behaviors, UC, −0.12 ±
OBESITY, OBESITY, TUMOR NECROSIS, INFILTRATE, REGRESSION, CHRONIC INFLAMMATION, INSULIN SENSITIVITY
Obesity is associated with chronic inflammation that may contribute to T2D among youth. We examined the association between inflammatory biomarkers and insulin sensitivity and β-cell function and response to lifestyle intervention among Latino youth with obesity. Latino youth (n = 64) were randomized to six months of lifestyle intervention (INT, n = 40) or usual care (UC, n = 24). INT included nutrition education and physical activity. UC involved meeting with a pediatric endocrinologist and registered dietitian to discuss healthy lifestyles. At baseline, multiple linear regression assessed fasting serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), high-molecular weight adiponectin (HMW Adpn), IL-10, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) as predictors of insulin sensitivity (whole-body insulin sensitivity index, WBISI) and β-cell function (oral disposition index, oDI). Changes in outcomes between groups were assessed using covariance pattern models. At baseline, MCP-1 (β ± SE, −0.12 ± 0.05, Pediatric obesity is characterized by chronic inflammation, which has been described as an increase in pro-inflammatory mediators and decreased anti-inflammatory mediators [In obesity, immune cells infiltrate adipose tissue and produce pro-inflammatory mediators, including cytokines and chemokines [Comprehensive lifestyle interventions target changes in physical activity and eating behaviors to improve health. Physical activity has been traditionally studied in the form of exercise. Acute exercise has been associated with increases in anti-inflammatory mediators IL-6 and IL-1ra [Understanding the associations between key pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators with T2D risk factors and how they are impacted by lifestyle intervention may shed light on the mechanisms by which healthy lifestyle behaviors can prevent or delay T2D. Therefore, the purposes of this study were (1) to examine the associations of obesity-related pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators (IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1, Adpn, IL-10, and IL-1ra) with insulin sensitivity and β-cell function in high-risk Latino youth and (2) to examine the response of these inflammatory mediators to lifestyle intervention compared to usual care among high-risk Latino youth.