Discussion
SECOND-HAND SMOKE
In this study, men's knowledge about second-hand smoke increased after training, and it was more in the intervention group than in the control group. In line with these results, in the study of Nichter et al., the results showed that education about the harms of second-hand cigarette smoke and establishing a ban in this regard in the society is effective in reducing exposure to second-hand cigarette smoke [Previous studies have shown that training fathers leads to improving their awareness, attitude and performance in the field of family planning, baby health, baby feeding and communication and support to the wife and researchers suggested culturally appropriate education before birth to fathers together with their wives or in a group of fathers [Similarly, previous studies suggested a positive relationship between SHS knowledge and SHS avoidance [Therefore, men's lack of knowledge about the effects of cigarette smoke on pregnancy and the fetus is an important factor in pregnant women's exposure to second-hand smoke, and as expected, providing awareness in this regard through an educational package including information, images and animation and support Wives have been able to increase the awareness of men.In this study, the average score of the emotional dimension of attitude increased in both the intervention and control groups, and the perceived sensitivity and perceived intensity, although there was no significant difference, were associated with an increase in the score. Regardless of the significance of the results, in line with the present study, the results of Sahebi et al.'s study entitled "Training men about second-hand smoke on the level of exposure of their pregnant women" showed that after the training, the average score of perceived sensitivity, perceived severity, barriers Perceived and perceived benefits have increased and the intervention is effective on people's attitudes [In another study, it has been stated that the warning about the dangers of second-hand smoke had the least effect among smokers, and low sensitivity to the consequences and dangers of smoking increases the exposure to second-hand smoke [Therefore, personal behavior can be dangerous for others, it affects the conscience, since the emotional dimension of attitude is related to the emotions, feelings and conscience of each person, therefore, education about it can have a significant impact, however In the control group, a noticeable change in the emotional dimension of their attitude was observed due to being influenced by the questionnaire questions.Maung et al.'s study showed that the level of participants' attitude (87%) about SHS was high. It is also important to conduct behavioral interventions [In the present study, the average score of men's behavior increased after the training. Stanon et al.'s study pointed out that educational interventions regarding smoking were able to reduce men's smoking during their wife's pregnancy, so wife's pregnancy can be a motivating factor for changing the behavior of male smokers [Although the behavior cannot be easily changed and there is no linear relationship between the change of awareness, attitude and performance, but providing simple and practical solutions to protect others from second-hand smoke has been able to make a person do it.Despite the significant results, this research was associated with limitations, such as self-reporting of the questionnaire, access to male smokers due to busy work, which needs to be considered in the future study.