Theoretical model
To examine intersecting factors that explain the role of light and illumination in shaping psychosocial health among participants in rural Uganda, we applied a theoretical model linking social integration and health to analyse dynamic interactions across aspects of lived experiences. Berkman, Glass, Brissette, and Seeman’s model of social integration and health was initially developed in the early 2000s summarizing the determinants of social network formation and the mechanisms through which social networks impact health [Our study provides evidence across levels of the Berkman, Glass, Brissette, and Seeman model to illustrate how household lighting influences social network formation, impacts social integration, and therefore health. By applying this model, we also underscore the growing importance of lighting and illumination as part of global health and development efforts.