In Kupwad, as described by Gumperz and Wilson in 1971, Kannada speaking Jains and Lingayats formed the majority, while the rest consisted of Marathi speaking Dalits, Urdu speaking Muslims and a few Telugu speaking rope-makers. In Miraj Urdu speaking Muslims form a majority of 50% of total population of the city.
According to Gumperz and Wilson in 1971, Kupwad is populated by Kannada-speaking Jains and Lingayats who form a majority, while the remaining residents are Marathi-speaking Dalits, Urdu-speaking Muslims, and a few Telugu-speaking rope-makers. In Miraj, Urdu-speaking Muslims make up 50% of the city's population.