Based on the 2007 national census conducted by the Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia (CSA), this woreda has a total population of 167,402, an increase of 34.22% over the 1994 census, of whom 82,958 are men and 84,444 women; 13,623 or 8.14% are urban inhabitants. With an area of 932.87 square kilometers, Enarj Enawga has a population density of 179.45, which is greater than the Zone average of 153.8 persons per square kilometer.
A total of 39,564 households were counted in this woreda, resulting in an average of 4.23 persons to a household, and 38,243 housing units. The majority of the inhabitants practiced Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity, with 97.62% reporting that as their religion, while 2.34% of the population said they were Muslim.