The first signs of human activity in the area date from the Bronze Age, but the earliest settlement to be detected so far was Celtic, from the sixth century B.C.E. From 90 to 260 C.E., the occupying Romans constructed streets and buildings in various parts of civitas alisinensis (the area which would later become Elsenzgau) to support the Neckar-Odenwald limes.
Human habitation in this region started during the Bronze Age, with the oldest known settlement being Celtic from around 600 B.C.E. From about 90 to 260 C.E., Roman forces constructed infrastructure within civitas alisinensis (the area that would become Elsenzgau) to support the Neckar-Odenwald limes.