Since the bombings, the chief opposition party, PP (which lost power in the election in the immediate aftermath of the bombings), together with conservative media in Spain, have overtly argued the possibility that the Socialist party, the police, the Spanish, French, and Moroccan secret services, and, of course, ETA, had a role in organisation of the outrage. Not all conservative media outlets were involved in this campaign.
Following the bombings, the PP (which lost power after the election), along with some conservative Spanish media outlets, have argued that the Socialist party, police, intelligence services of Spain, France, Morocco, and ETA had a role in organizing the outrage. Not all conservative media participated in this campaign.