The MND was originally established as Ministry of War in 1912 at the creation of the Republic of China. It established a military occupation operation center in Taipei, Formosa in November 1945, following the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers Douglas MacArthur's September 2, 1945 General Order No. 1, for the surrender of Japanese troops and auxiliary forces in Formosa and the Pescadores to Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek.
The MND was initially created as the Ministry of War in 1912 with the founding of the Republic of China. It established a military occupation administration in Taipei, Taiwan in November 1945, following General Douglas MacArthur's directive for Japanese forces to surrender to Chiang Kai-shek.