However, it was largely popularized in the late 19th and early 20th centuries by Western fiction such as the gothic novel Dracula (1897), and the expressionist film Nosferatu (1922).
On the other hand, the concept gained widespread acceptance in the latter half of the 19th and early 20th centuries through Western literature, particularly with the publication of Bram Stoker's Gothic novel Dracula (1897) and the release of the expressionist film Nosferatu (1922).