Dog trainers who use these techniques may or may not be utilising a behavioural approach and may or may not have an understanding of the science behind behaviour modification. Dog behaviourists who lack professional credentials are generally dog trainers who have developed their expertise for working with problem dogs over many years of hands-on experience.
Dog trainers using these techniques might or might not be employing a behavioral approach, and they might or might not have a scientific understanding of behavior modification. Dog behaviourists without professional credentials are often dog trainers who have gained their expertise through years of hands-on experience working with problem dogs.