Peck was born in Waterbury, Vermont, to General John Peck and Anna Benedict Peck. He pursued classical studies and attended the United States Military Academy in West Point, New York, for one year, before resigning due to poor health. He studied law with Vermont Supreme Court Justice Samuel Prentiss, and was admitted to the bar in 1825.
Peck was born in Waterbury, Vermont, to General John Peck and Anna Benedict Peck. He initially attended the United States Military Academy for classical studies but left after one year due to health reasons. He then studied law with Justice Samuel Prentiss and became a licensed attorney in 1825.