Attacks often occur in clusters and typically first manifest in childhood. There are four known loci for ADNFLE, three with known causative genes. These genes, CHRNA4, CHRNB2, and CHRNA2, encode various nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α and β subunits.
ADNFLE is a condition characterized by attacks occurring in clusters, often starting in childhood.  The disease is linked to four known loci on chromosomes, three of which have been identified as causative genes. These genes encode subunits of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.