Cities, as in Europe, were the focuses of manufacture and trade. Ottoman cities had a large out put of goods, where comprehensive guild systems maintained quality at the expense of competition. However, the main source of Ottoman wealth came from less industry reliant goods and raw materials, mainly items from the east such as silk and gemstones; also the passage of such goods generated revenue due effective taxing measures.
Cities in Europe and Ottoman centers were focal points for production and commerce. In both regions, guild systems ensured high-quality goods at the expense of market competition. However, the Ottomans' primary wealth came from non-industry-related items such as silk and gemstones, with revenue generated by taxing these commodities.