From 115 to 60 BC, the Han and Xiongnu competed for control and influence over these states, which saw the rise of power of the Han empire over eastern Central Asia with the decline of that of the Xiongnu's. The Han empire brought the states of Loulan, Jushi (Turfan), Luntai (Bügür), Dayuan (Ferghana), and Kangju (Soghdiana) into tributary submission between 108 and 101 BC. The long-walled defence line that now stretched all the way to Dunhuang protected the people, guided caravans and troops to and from Central Asia, and served to separate the Xiongnu from their allies, the Qiang people.
From 115 to 60 BC, the Han and Xiongnu fought for control over these states, leading to the rise of the Han empire's power in eastern Central Asia while diminishing that of the Xiongnu. The Han empire incorporated Loulan, Jushi (Turfan), Luntai (Bügür), Dayuan (Ferghana), and Kangju (Soghdiana) into tributary status between 108 and 101 BC. A long defensive wall stretching to Dunhuang protected people, facilitated trade and troop movements, and separated the Xiongnu from their allies, the Qiang people.