There were also great authors of written works pertaining to geography and cartography during the Song, such as Yue Shi (his book in 983), Wang Zhu (in 1051), Li Dechu (in 1080), Chen Kunchen (in 1111), Ouyang Wen (in 1117), and Zhu Mu (in 1240). Although an early form of the local geographic gazetteer existed in China since the 1st century, the matured form known as "treatise on a place", or fangzhi, replaced the old "map guide", or tujing, under the Song. The major differences between the two were that fangzhi were products of local initiative and decision-making, were typically ten to fifty chapters in length, and were almost always printed for a large audience, whereas tujing were products of infrequent demands from the central government and were typically only four chapters long.
During the Song period, there were influential authors such as Yue Shi (his book in 983), Wang Zhu (in 1051), Li Dechu (in 1080), Chen Kunchen (in 1111), Ouyang Wen (in 1117), and Zhu Mu (in 1240) who wrote about geography and cartography. Although a rudimentary form of local geographic gazetteers existed in China since the first century, the Song introduced a more developed version known as "treatise on a place", or fangzhi, which replaced the earlier "map guide", or tujing". The primary distinctions were that fangzhi were created through local initiative and contained ten to fifty chapters, often printed for broad distribution, while tujing were produced infrequently by the central government and consisted of only four chapters.