On returning to India, Roy taught at Patna College, Dhaka College and Presidency College, Kolkata. He was the first Indian to serve as principal of Presidency College from 1902 to 1905.
Roy's career involved teaching at various institutions in India, including Patna College, Dhaka College, and Presidency College in Kolkata. He was the pioneer of Indian leadership within Presidency College from 1902 to 1905.