The Ottoman Sultanate was abolished in 1922 by the Grand National Assembly of Turkey. The head of the House of Osman, Abdulmejid II, retained the title of caliph for two more years, after which the caliphate was abolished in 1924.
The Ottoman Empire's demise in 1922 by the Grand National Assembly of Turkey led to the abolishment of the caliphate in 1924, with Abdulmejid II retaining the title for two more years.