After the war, he was reduced back to a captain and eventually resigned from his commission on May 15, 1815. Nelson was elected a Democratic-Republican to the United States House of Representatives to fill a vacancy in 1816, serving until 1819.
After the battle, he was demoted to a lower rank and eventually stepped down from his military position on May 15, 1815. Nelson was elected as a representative for the Democratic-Republican party to the United States House of Representatives in 1816, holding the office until 1819.