In the course of the Napoleonic Wars, the territory was annexed to the Napoleonic satellite Grand Duchy of Berg and was awarded to the Kingdom of Prussia by the Congress of Vienna, becoming part of the Prussian province of Westphalia, where it remained beyond the German Revolution and the abolition of the German monarchies in the aftermath of World War I until the reorganisation of Germany under the Allied Occupation powers, when it became a part of the newly created state of North Rhine-Westphalia.
During the Napoleonic Wars, the territory was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Berg and later given to Prussia by the Congress of Vienna. It remained part of Westphalia until after World War I when it was reorganized under Allied Occupation powers, becoming a part of North Rhine-Westphalia.