Finally, it is an exclusive collection, i.e. it abrogates all the collections, even the official ones, of a later date than the "Decretum" of Gratian. Some authors (Schulte, Launin) maintain that Gregory IX abrogated even those laws prior to Gratian's time that the latter had not included in his "Decretum", but others contest this opinion.
This collection is exclusive and supersedes all other collections, including those from later dates than the "Decretum" of Gratian. Some scholars (Schulte, Launin) believe Gregory IX abrogated even laws predating Gratian's time that were not included in his "Decretum", while others disagree with this interpretation.