Communalism has played a key role in shaping the religious history of modern India. After Indian independence in 1947, India was partitioned along religious lines into two states—the Muslim-majority Dominion of Pakistan (comprising what is now the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the People's Republic of Bangladesh) and the Hindu-majority Union of India (later the Republic of India).
Communalism has played a crucial role in shaping the spiritual landscape of modern India. Following independence in 1947, India was divided along sectarian lines into two states—the Muslim-dominant Dominion of Pakistan and the Hindu-majority Union of India.