The glutamic acid and aspartic acid residues give the ring its hydrophilic character, as well as its negative charge. Conversely, the valine residue extends down, facing the fatty acid chain, to form a major hydrophobic domain.
The glutamic acid and aspartic acid residues contribute to the ring's hydrophilic nature, as well as its negative charge. Conversely, the valine residue extends downward, facing the fatty acid chain, to form a major hydrophobic domain.