Gerald Janzen grouped interpretations of the word , echad, in  into two sorts: a word that says something about God (for example, "One" or "Unique") or a word that says something about God's claim on Israel (for example, "alone").
Gerald Janzen divided interpretations of the word "echad" into two categories: those describing God, such as "One" or "Unique," and those referring to God's dominion over Israel, like "alone."