After the outbreak of World War I, and especially after the re-establishment of the Polish and Lithuanian national states, members of the Krajowcy were hard-pressed to hold onto their dual self-identification and had to declare their loyalty to one country or the other.
During World War I, especially after the restoration of Polish and Lithuanian national states, members of the Krajowcy faced a dilemma regarding their dual citizenship status, forcing them to choose between allegiance to one nation or the other.