The Synagogue was built in 1407 or 1492; the date of building varies with several sources. The original building was rebuilt in 1570, by the Italian architect Mateo Gucci. The rebuilding included the attic wall with loopholes, windows placed far above ground level, and thick, masonry walls with heavy buttressing to withstand siege, all features borrowed from military architecture.
A synagogue was erected sometime between 1407 and 1492; the precise date is disputed among various sources. The original building was renovated in 1570 by Italian architect Mateo Gucci, incorporating elements such as a raised attic wall with openings, high windows, and thick, fortified walls to resist siege, all inspired by military design.