He graduated at the Columbia School of Mines in 1885, received his Ph.D. there five years afterward, held a fellowship in geology at Columbia College (1886–1890), and was assistant in the New Jersey Geological Survey (1885–1889).
A scholar completed his education at the Columbia School of Mines in 1885, went on to earn his doctoral degree there five years later, held a research position in geology at Columbia College from 1886 to 1890, and worked as an assistant with the New Jersey Geological Survey from 1885 to 1889.