Previous activities include working at HM Treasury, the OECD and the Bank of England (where he was Adviser from 1980–83) as well as extensive involvement with domestic and international policy issues as consultant to international institutions and private sector organisations. He has published extensively on monetary, fiscal and exchange rate issues as well as the problems of economic reform and transition.
His previous work includes roles at HM Treasury, the OECD, and the Bank of England (where he served as an Advisor from 1980 to 1983), along with extensive involvement in domestic and international policy issues as a consultant for various institutions and private sector organizations. He has authored numerous publications on monetary, fiscal, and exchange rate matters, as well as economic reform and transition challenges.