However, Hock argues that Dravidian should not be considered as significant, but that retroflexion is, rather, the outcome of areal features cutting across language boundaries in the Northwest of the Indian subcontinent, and extending into Central Asia.
Hock asserts that Dravidian should not be viewed as a crucial element, whereas retroflexion is actually the outcome of regional characteristics crossing linguistic borders in the northwest Indian subcontinent and extending into Central Asia.