degrees from Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, in 1909 (graduating with the gold medal) and a post-graduate degree in medicine from the University of Chicago in 1911. Prior to entering political life, he practiced as a physician at Hamilton and at Renfrew, Ontario, serving for more than thirty years as Coroner for Renfrew County.
He earned his medical degrees from Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario (graduating with honors) and the University of Chicago in 1911. Before entering politics, he worked as a physician in Hamilton and Renfrew, Ontario, serving as Coroner for Renfrew County for over thirty years.