The carthamin is biosynthesized from a chalcone (2,4,6,4'-tetrahydroxychalcone) and two glucose molecules to give safflor yellow A and with other glucose molecule, safflor yellow B.
In the context of plant chemistry, carthamin is produced through a biochemical process involving the conversion of a chalcone (2,4,6,4'-tetrahydroxychalcone) and two glucose molecules into safflor yellow A, which is further modified with another glucose molecule to yield safflor yellow B.