Conventional oxidative polymerization approaches to nanostructured conducting polymers include the use of hard template zeolites, opals, and controlled pore-size membranes, or soft template such as polymers and surfactants.
Typical approaches to synthesizing nanostructured conducting polymers through oxidative polymerization include employing rigid templates like zeolites, opals, and membranes with precise pore sizes, or flexible templates like polymers and surfactants.