Although "checkride" is the most commonly used term, it is considered informal and is technically known as a Practical Test by the FAA and in all its literature, and the specific objectives which the candidate must meet are called the Airman Certification Standards, or ACS. However, some Practical Tests, notably those for helicopter, and balloon ratings, and those for certificates such as flight instructor, and aircraft mechanic, are still conducted using the older Practical Test Standards, or PTS.
While "checkride" is the most common term, it's not technically accurate. The FAA refers to this assessment as a Practical Test.  The specific standards candidates must meet are called the Airman Certification Standards (ACS). However, some practical tests, such as those for helicopter and balloon pilots, as well as flight instructor and aircraft mechanic certifications, still use older Practical Test Standards (PTS).