He further notices that a technique has already been known in Mediaeval Europe whereby textual content of an arbitrary tune can be recorded basing on the recurrence relation , where  , yielding the value of the big-Oh constant c equal to 2. However it turns out that another culture achieved the absolute lower bound of O(0).
He also points out that a technique has been recognized in Medieval Europe for documenting the textual content of an arbitrary melody using a recurrence relation , which results in a big-Oh constant c of 2. Furthermore, he discovers that another civilization reached the absolute lower bound of O(0).