Realism was an artistic movement that began in France in the 1850s, after the 1848 Revolution. From the late 18th century Romanticism dominated French art and literature but was spurned by Realists, who revolted against the display of the emotions of the  Romantic movement, seeking to depict real and characteristic contemporary individuals and situations with truth and accuracy.
Realism emerged as a reaction to the 1848 Revolution in France, shifting away from Romanticism's focus on emotions to emphasize realistic portrayals of everyday life, people, and situations with attention to detail and accuracy.