In the New World, leishmaniasis is spread by sand flies in the genus Lutzomyia, which commonly live in caves, where their main hosts are bats. In the Old World, sand flies in the genus Phlebotomus spread leishmaniasis.
In the New World, leishmaniasis is spread by sand flies of the Lutzomyia genus, which often inhabit caves and rely on bats as their primary hosts. In contrast, in the Old World, sand flies from the Phlebotomus genus transmit leishmaniasis.