They also explain that due to the religious practices of the Karapapakh, "there has traditionally been an element of secretiveness and fanaticism to Karapapakh religion". Bennigsen likewise stated that "a certain number of the Karapapakhs are Ali Ilahis, which somewhat hinders their assimilation by the Azeris".
This passage discusses the cultural and social dynamics between the Karapapakh and the Azeris, emphasizing the religious practices of the Karapapakh as a barrier to assimilation.