Juniper and edible pines abound in the north and olives in the centre, but vegetation is scarce in the south. The Ghat, Zao, Chuhar Khel Dhana, and Sakhi Sarwar are the principal passes in the north.
In the north, juniper and edible pine trees thrive, while olives flourish in the central region. However, vegetation is sparse in the south. The Ghat, Zao, Chuhar Khel Dhana, and Sakhi Sarwar are significant mountain passes located in the north.