degrees from Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, in 1909 (graduating with the gold medal) and a post-graduate degree in medicine from the University of Chicago in 1911. Prior to entering political life, he practiced as a physician at Hamilton and at Renfrew, Ontario, serving for more than thirty years as Coroner for Renfrew County.
Graduated from Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario in 1909 (receiving the gold medal) and obtained a postgraduate degree in medicine from the University of Chicago in 1911. Prior to entering politics, he practiced as a physician in Hamilton and Renfrew, Ontario, serving for more than thirty years as Coroner for Renfrew County.