These Visigothic works were influenced by the Byzantines, but the techniques of gem encrustation found at Guarrazar were practised throughout the Germanic world and the style of the lettering was Germanic too.
The Visigothic art was shaped by its Byzantine roots, yet the practice of gemstone setting characteristic of Guarrazar's works was adopted across the Germanic lands, while its distinctive script-like appearance was quintessentially Germanic in nature.