In mathematical terms, ascendency is the product of the aggregate amount of material or energy being transferred in an ecosystem times the coherency with which the outputs from the members of the system relate to the set of inputs to the same components (Ulanowicz 1986).
In mathematical terms, ascendency is the product of the total amount of material or energy being transferred in an ecosystem times the coherence with which the outputs from its members relate to the set of inputs to the same components (Ulanowicz 1986).