Thapan concludes that the period reflected in the Vināyaka section of the Mānava-Gṛhyasūtra must have been between the end of the 3rd and early 2nd century BCE. She based this conclusion in part on the fact that in the Mānava-Gṛhyasūtra the Vināyakas are associated with various other beings, including three of the four Buddhist lokpālas (guardians of the quarters), as well as the deities Mahādeva and Mahāsena.
Thapan concludes that the period depicted in the Vināyaka section of the Mānava-Gṛhyasūtra occurred between the end of the 3rd and early 2nd century BCE. She based her conclusion, at least partially, on the association of Vināyakas with various other beings, including three out of four Buddhist lokpālas (guardians of the quarters) and deities Mahādeva and Mahāsena in the Mānava-Gṛhyasūtra.