Jute mills drew in a large labour force from the neighbouring states of Bihar and Orissa, as well as eastern Uttar Pradesh, quite often forming an overwhelming majority of the population in the area, living in shanty towns and bustees dotting the mill area.
Jute mills attracted a large workforce from neighboring states of Bihar and Orissa, as well as eastern Uttar Pradesh, often becoming the dominant population in the area, residing in makeshift settlements like shanty towns and bustees scattered around the mill complex.