Because they are top-heavy, ditched helicopters usually flip upside-down after hitting the water. The occupants will be subjected to violent motions and a rush of incoming water, which causes unsecured gear to wash through the cabin and can knock occupants unconscious. Jet fuel and hydraulic fluid may seep into the cabin and can cause blindness to open eyes and lung damage if inhaled.
Helicopters that crash into the water often land on their sides, resulting in a chaotic environment for the occupants. The impact can cause violent movements, flooding the cabin with water, which may dislodge loose items and lead to loss of consciousness. Additionally, fuel and hydraulic fluids can enter the cabin, posing risks of eye irritation and respiratory problems.