A chillul hashem can also occur even if a technical prohibition has not been violated. For example, if a Jewish leader or someone perceived to be righteous is seen acting improperly, their actions constitute a chillul hashem.
Desecrating God’s honor can occur regardless of whether a strict rule has been broken. Consider the case where a respected Jewish figure or an individual seen as righteous behaves improperly; such actions are considered desecrations of God’s name.