There are also microelectrodes made with insulated metal wires, made from inert metals with high Young modulus such as tungsten, stainless steel, or platinum-iridium alloy and coated with glass or polymer insulator with exposed conductive tips. These are mostly used for recording from the external side of the cell membrane. More recent advances in lithography have produced silicon-based microelectrodes.
In addition to traditional designs, there exist microelectrodes crafted from insulated metal wires, fashioned from non-reactive metals like tungsten, stainless steel, or platinum-iridium alloy and encased with glass or polymer insulator, featuring exposed conductive tips. These are mainly employed for recording signals from the outer surface of the cell membrane. Recent advancements in lithography have led to the development of silicon-based microelectrodes.