Relatively effective polymer solar cells are built by thermal annealing of caesium carbonate. Caesium carbonate increases the energy effectiveness of the power conversion of solar cells and enhances the life times of the equipment. The studies done on UPS and XPS reveal that the system will do less work due to the thermal annealing of the Cs2CO3 layer.
Thermal annealing with caesium carbonate is employed to fabricate effective polymer solar cells, which improve energy conversion efficiency and increase equipment durability. Research using UPS and XPS indicates that this process may reduce the system's operational effectiveness due to changes in the Cs2CO3 layer.