degree in 1986 and a Ph.D. degree in 1988, both in sociology from Kent State University in Ohio. In 1994, she was awarded an honorary D.H.L. degree by Jacksonville University.
She obtained a degree in 1986 and a Ph.D. in 1988, both in sociology from Kent State University in Ohio. In 1994, she was granted an honorary Doctor of Humanities (D.H.L.) degree by Jacksonville University.