In Nazi Germany, Hjalmar Schacht (Adolf Hitlers finance-minister and banker) applied a kind of labour-voucher named MEFO-bond, whose aim was to hide the rearmament program's expenditures before the Western world as the big trusts did not pay by money-transfer to each other, but bought MEFO bonds from the state and changed these bonds in closed circuit.
In Nazi Germany, Hjalmar Schacht, Adolf Hitler's finance minister and banker, employed a system of labor vouchers called MEFO-bonds to obscure the costs of rearmament from the Western world. Unlike large corporations, which did not engage in direct financial transactions but instead bought and sold MEFO bonds within a self-contained network.