The below lists the outcome of the latest Research Excellence Framework undertaken in 2021 (the next REF is scheduled for 2028) by the four UK higher education funding bodies. The quality of research was rated 4* (world leading), 3* (internationally excellent), 2* (recognised internationally), 1* (recognised nationally) and unclassified.
This list presents the findings from the most recent Research Excellence Framework, which took place in 2021. The quality of research was categorized as 4* (world-leading), 3* (internationally excellent), 2* (internationally recognized), 1* (nationally recognized), and unclassified.