The West African gnawa is another form, and Sufis from Indonesia to Afghanistan to Morocco have made music central to their practices. Some of the Sufi orders have taken an approach more akin to puritan forms of Islam, declaring music to be unhelpful to the Sufi way.
Another example of West African gnawa exists alongside other musical practices by Sufis across different countries. Certain Sufi groups have adopted a puritan perspective, believing that music does not contribute to their spiritual path.