Hydroxylation of both the aromatic ring and side chain then takes place, followed by an oxidation of the pyrrolidine ring to the corresponding lactam, with subsequent detachment and ring opening to the corresponding carboxylic acid.
Oxidation of both the aromatic ring and side chain occurs, followed by hydroxylation of the pyrrolidine ring to form a lactam, which is then cleaved and the resulting ring opens to produce a carboxylic acid.