Attacks often occur in clusters and typically first manifest in childhood. There are four known loci for ADNFLE, three with known causative genes. These genes, CHRNA4, CHRNB2, and CHRNA2, encode various nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α and β subunits.
Attacks frequently occur in clusters, typically appearing during childhood.  ADNFLE has four known loci, three of which have identified causative genes. These genes, CHRNA4, CHRNB2, and CHRNA2, code for various nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α and β subunits.