During the 1988 Jackson presidential campaign, Murray Edelman, a veteran election poll analyst for news organizations and a former president of the American Association for Public Opinion Research, found the race of the pollster conducting the interview to be a factor in the discrepancy. Edelman's research showed white voters to be more likely to indicate support for Jackson when asked by a black interviewer than when asked by a white interviewer.
During the 1988 Jackson presidential campaign, Murray Edelman, a seasoned election poll analyst for news organizations and a former president of the American Association for Public Opinion Research, discovered that the race of the interviewer conducting the interview influenced the discrepancy. Edelman's study indicated that black voters were more likely to express support for Jackson when questioned by a black interviewer compared to when asked by a white interviewer.