All schools to issue No-Objection Certificate for general/mutual transfer within four weeks to teachers who file such an application unless barred by law: Calcutta High Court
The High Court at Calcutta before the Hon’ble Justice Abhijit Gangopadhyay removed the Headmistress of the Gandhi Memorial Girls’ High School from her position, and thereby, denuded the Headmistress of the school from all her powers, demoting her to act as the Assistant Teacher of the school, in the matter of Aparna Munshi vs. State of West Bengal &amp; Ors. [W.P.A. 17159 of 2019] with Gandhi Memorial Girls’ High School &amp; Anr. vs. The State of West Bengal &amp; Ors. [W.P.A. 6598 of 2021]. Abiding by its order dated 07.04.2021, the Hon’ble Court took up two writ applications together, since both the matters related to the transfer of a lady teacher from her present school to another school which had been pending for almost two years. In the first writ application, the teacher (petitioner) had submitted a transfer request to the authorities for getting transferred from Gandhi Memorial Girls’ High School to Digra Mallickhati Deshbandhu Vidyapith, which was initially ordered by the transfer authorities. Soon, this was withdrawn after a fresh order dated 30th July 2021, was passed by the WBBSE, through which the transfer was permitted from Gandhi Memorial Girls’ High School to Rabindra Smriti Vidyaniketan, wherein the petitioner could join, but the release order was not being given to her by the school. Subsequently, when the petitioner tried to withdraw the writ application, it was cited by her that if she did not withdraw the same, then her release order shall not be granted by the school. Considering the circumstances surrounding the case, the Hon’ble Court directed the authority of the school to issue the release order to the petitioner, who would then approach the other school where she had been transferred to, as per the order of WBBSE. The Court also stated that the school and the Headmistress “has made a nasty effort”  in not issuing the no-objection certificate to the teacher (a Lady). Moving on to the other related matter, wherein a writ application was filed by the School and its Headmistress against the State and its functionaries like the Commission of School Education and the WBBSE, etc. The Hon’ble Court found this writ to be absolutely “a frivolous and mischievous one and want of bona fide”. On being asked to the learned advocate for the school about the right-duty relationship between the school and the transferring authorities of a teacher, and the right of the school to object as to the transfer of the teacher and the corresponding legal duty of the concerned authorities, the advocate failed to show any such right and corresponding legal duty. According to the school, as provided in the writ application, they said that they had never issued a no-objection certificate. It has also been brought to the notice of the Hon’ble Court, a letter written by the teacher to the Headmistress which stated that she had “many often with folded hands” requested for the issuance of the no-objection certificate, but all in vain. The Hon’ble Judge of the High Court even exclaimed, “What surprises me as a judge of this court that in a democratic country like ours when a person like the school teacher is seeking no-objection certificate from the school which he/she is entitled under the law and when the school is mandated by the law to issue no-objection certificate why a school teacher has to write to the Headmistress with folded hands unless the Headmistress time and again has denied to give NOC and unless she has posed herself a feudal head of some fiefdom in this country that a teacher has to pray for a no-objection certificate in folded hands!” His Lordship brought into notice the provision to Rule 6(3) of the West Bengal Central School Service Commission (General Transfer, Transfer on Special Grounds and Relocation) Rules, 2015, which stated that the Head of the Institution, the Secretary of Managing Committee or the Administrator of the concerned school “shall issue No Objection Certificate to an incumbent to be recommended for General Transfer under these regulations.” The Headmistress did not deny such representation that had been made by the teacher. The teacher had cited valid reasons for her transfer request, which included that she resided at a distance of more than 200 kilometers from the school, had been suffering from complicated gynecological disease and had undergone operations for the same, had delivered a child who was about three years old when she applied for the no-objection certificate, and that, her cancer antigen result was of a higher level than that of referral range. Despite submitting all her treatment papers from the Government hospital, her no-objection certificate was not given by the Headmistress of the school, who was also the Secretary of the Managing Committee of the school. As per Rule 6(3) of the Rules, 2015, mentioned above, the Hon’ble Court that the mandate of the rules “had been blatantly, shamelessly and deliberately violated by the Headmistress of the School.” Also, despite several directions of placing the Mutual Transfer Rules, the learned Advocate for the school had failed to do so. The school had also issued a counterpart with the name of the teacher in its resolution, which has been done before the decision of the appropriate authority of the Education Department of the State. Thus, the Hon’ble Justice Abhijit Gangopadhyay held that the school did not even have any cause of action to move such writ and any locus to file such writ application. Adding to that, His Lordship also went to the extent of stating that, “Except for harassing the teacher who has prayed with folded hands before the said feudal head in the form of a headmistress for issuance of a no-objection certificate there was no other object for filing such a frivolous writ application by the school.” The school has successfully caused a delay relating to the transfer of the teacher by filing such a “frivolous” writ application for the last two years. The Headmistress, according to the Hon’ble Court, abused the process of justice of the country besides deliberately violating the law. The Court interpreted the Headmistress’ behavior as an “arm-twisting method”, and that, the Headmistress has abused the process of the justice of this country, and has pressed a citizen, i.e., the teacher, to withdraw her writ application for issuing release order, as a bargain for the school and thus, violated the liberty granted by the Constitution of India to a citizen, by using the “arm-twisting method”. The Hon’ble Court, thus, dismissed the writ application mentioning it as “mischievous in nature” and “wholly frivolous to harass the teacher”. It also stated that such a mischievous Headmistress is wholly unfit as the Headmistress of the school, as she has not only violated the law, but also the constitutional right of a citizen, along with filing a frivolous writ which is nothing “but abuse of process of justice” to stall the transfer of the teacher Thus, the Court exercised the writ court’s plenary power to denude the Headmistress from all her powers as the Headmistress of the school, and thereby, removed from the post of the Headmistress of the school. Henceforth, the Court ordered that she would act as an assistant teacher of the school and shall be taking classes like other assistant teachers. If there is an assistant headmistress, she would be performing the duty of the headmistress of the school, or in case there is no assistant headmistress, the senior-most teacher, except the accused, would act as the headmistress of the school till a regular headmistress was appointed in the school. The post of the headmistress would be treated as vacant and accordingly, the appropriate authority would take the necessary steps to fill up the post. In case the accused was found to be an excess teaching staff in the school, the commissioner of School Education would be approached by the School’s managing committee for the transfer of such teacher to any other school as per her option. Moreover, the Hon’ble Court also imposed a fine of Rs. 20,000/- which was to be paid within two weeks from the date of judgment.
IN THE HIGH COURT AT CALCUTTA Constitutional Writ Jurisdiction Appellate Side The Hon’ble Justice Abjijit Gangopadhyay WPA 171519 Aparna Munshi State of West Bengal & Ors. WPA 65921 Gandhi Memorial Girls’ High School & Anr. The State of West Bengal & Ors. For the petitioner For the State respondents For the respondent nos. 6 7 8 Mr. Ujjal Ray Mr. Biswabrata Basu Mallick Mr. Pinaki Bhattacharya Mr. Sanjib Das Mr. Anjan Bhattacharya Ms. Anita Shaw Heard on 19.08.2021 and 23.08.2021 Judgement on 23.08.2021 Abhijit Gangopadhyay J.: The two writ applications being WPA 17159 of 2019 and WPA 65921 are taken up together. There was an order passed by this court on 07.04.2021 for taking up the two matters at a time as those are related matters. Learned advocate for the petitioner in WPA 171519 came up on 19.08.2021 with one written instruction from his client for not pressing her application being WPA 17159 of 2019. When that matter was called on that day learned advocate for the related school who is the petitioner in WPA 6598 of 2021 raised an objection as to how one matter out of the two matters which the court directed to be taken up together can be withdrawn. He also raised serious objection as to withdrawal of the writ application of the teacher being WPA 17159 of 2019. However without entering into such dispute I decided to take up the matters together today as the matter relates to transfer of a lady teacher from her present school to another school which is pending for almost for 2years as WPA 17159of 2019 was filed on 30.08.2019. In course of hearing of WPA 17159 of 2019 learned advocate for the teacher who is the petitioner has submitted that the transfer order issued earlier by the authority for transfer from Gandhi Memorial Girls‟ High School to Digra Mallickhati Deshbandhu Vidyapith has been withdrawn by the authority and subsequently by a fresh order dated 30th July 2021 the order of transfer has been passed by the West Bengal Board of Secondary Education from Gandhi Memorial Girls‟ High School to Rabindra Smriti Vidyaniketan. Learned advocate has submitted that the vacancy is still there in Rabindra Smriti Vidyaniketan where the petitioner can join by order of WBBSE pursuant to an order of the Commissioner of School Education but release order has not been given to her by the school. The writ application of the teacher was not allowed to be withdrawn despite the instruction given by the teacher to her learned advocate on 19.08.2021 or today. When the petitioner was asked why she wanted to withdraw the application it has been submitted that the school had directed her to withdraw otherwise release order would not be given to her by the school. After hearing the writ application and after considering the case including the teacher‟s difficulties relating to condition of her health and other surrounding circumstances I direct the authority of the School to issue release order forthwith to the teacher petitioner and the petitioner should approach immediately thereafter the other school where she has been transferred by the order of WBBSE dated 30.07.2021. A copy of the order of WBBSE for transfer as has been produced in this court be kept on record. The school and its Headmistress has made a nasty effort in not issuing the no objection certificate to the teacher for her transfer which we will see from the discussion made below. Here I join the other related matter being WPA 6598 of 2021 which is a writ application filed by the School and its Headmistress against the State and its functionaries like Commissioner of School Education and the WBBSE etc. This application is absolutely a frivolous and mischievous one and want of bona fide is writ large in each line of the writ application. Learned advocate appearing for the school when asked about the right duty relationship between the school and the transferring authorities of a teacher by asking him the question with details to show to this court what is the right of the school to raise objection as to the transfer of the teacher and what is the corresponding legal duty of the concerned authorities being the Commissioner of School Education and WBBSE he has failed to show any such right and any such corresponding Legal duty. In more than one paragraph of the writ application application in short) the school has stated that the school management never issued no objection certificate. Perhaps they have taken a pride in doing so. Here I must quote some lines from the application made by the teacher to the Headmistress for issuance of a no objection certificate which is in her writ application: “Madam many often times with folded hands I prayed to you for issuance of NOC for General transfer on special ground. I had accordingly verbally and written prayed to you for a NOC to forward my transfer application but in vain.” Some other lines are also there in the said representation of the teacher. What surprises me as a judge of this court that in a democratic country like ours when a person like the school teacher is seeking no objection certificate from the school which he she is entitled under the law and when the school is mandated by the law to issue no objection certificate why a school teacher has to write to the Headmistress with folded hands unless the Headmistress time and again has denied to give NOC and unless she has posed herself a feudal head of some fiefdom in this country that a teacher has to pray for a no objection certificate in folded hands ! Rule 6(3) of the West Bengal Central School Service Commission Transfer Transfer on Special Grounds and Reallocation) Rules 2015 under which the transfer application was processed) is as follows: “6(3) The Head of the Institution the Secretary of Managing Committee or the Administrator as the case may be of the concerned school shall issue No Objection Certificate to an incumbent to be recommended for General Transfer under these regulations. The No Objection Certificate will not exceed the number as stated under Rule 5(6) of these rules.” 10. The school has filed one affidavit in opposition to the writ application of the teacher being WPA 17159 of 2019 wherein there is no denial by the Headmistress of the school that any such representation was made by the teacher. Thus it has been accepted by the Headmistress that such a representation was made by the representation that: It is kept in mind as written by the teacher in the said a) The distance of the school from the residence of the teacher is more than 200 kilometers b) The teacher has been gynecological disease and has undergone operations for such disease c) she delivered a child in the year 2016 i.e. on the date of application for no objection the child was aged about 3 three) years and finally d) The teachers cancer antigen result report was of a higher level than that of referral range. The teacher supplied her all treatment papers twice to the school and on demand of the school again from Government hospital as stated in her writ application and not denied by the school in its affidavit in opposition. Even then No Objection was not given by the Headmistress of the school who is the Secretary of the Managing Committee of the school. 11. The above rule gives a mandate to the head of the institution the Secretary of the Managing Committee or the Administrator directing that no objection certificate to an incumbent to be recommended for general transfer under the said regulations had to be given. The word „shall‟ has been used in the said Rule 6“General Transfer” means transfer of an employee of a school from his present place of posting in a school to another place in same category of vacancy subject and post in another school ” In the writ application the school has made an endeavour to show that the teacher being the private respondent had made application for mutual transfer which was allowed by the Managing Committee and therefore it is his second transfer of the petitioner for which she has prayed for No Objection Certificate which is forbidden by law. The school has further stated in paragraph 6 of its writ application that the teacher had made incorrect and false application but when this court wanted to know from the learned advocate of the school what is the incorrectness and what is the false application he has only been able to show a resolution of the school dated 18.05.2018 by saying that already resolutions had been taken in respect of her application for mutual transfer on 18th May 2018 and the school has gone to the extent by saying that the school‟s hands are tied in respect of issuance of further no objection certificate to the teacher. 15. Surprising fact here is the school has not disclosed in its writ application any such application by the teacher for mutual transfer nor it has shown the no objection certificate if any that was issued to the teacher by the school. Learned advocate for the school has submitted repeatedly that for mutual transfer no objection certificate is not required. But he has failed to show any such rule as to mutual transfer where there is no mentioning of no objection certificate. In fact he has not placed the Mutual Transfer Rules at all before this court despite direction given to him more than once by this court in the course of hearing. 16. Learned advocate for the teacher has submitted that such a resolution was never shown to the teacher and no no objection certificate was given to her in connection thereof. Learned advocate for the school i.e. the writ petitioner countered it by saying that in the resolution of the school dated 18th May 2018 the name of the counterpart of the teacher is mentioned and this shows that there was an order of mutual transfer. I do not understand how before the no objection certificate and before the decision of the appropriate authority of the Education Department of this State as to mutual transfer one name of the counterpart of the teacher in respect of mutual transfer comes into the picture. 17. Hence I totally disbelieve due to the suppression of the two documents the resolution of the school dated 18.05.2018 and further for the reason that how before such no objection certificate and before the process is initiated a name of the counterpart of the teacher could be mentioned in the resolution of the school. 18. The school has made the prayer in their writ application that the transfer order passed by the Commissioner of School Education dated 22nd February 2021 and 23rd February 2021 is to be set aside and verification of the documents of transfer application of the private respondent being the teacher should be verified again and an order of stay as an interim measure be granted on the orders dated 02.02.2021 and 03.02.2021 be passed. 19. As the petitioner school has failed to show any right of it to raise any objection as to the transfer order of the teacher and the corresponding legal duty on the part of the Commissioner of School Education and the WBBSE I hold that the petitioner school does not even have any cause of action to move this writ application and any locus to file the writ application. Except for harassing the teacher who has prayed with folded hands before the said feudal head in the form of a headmistress for issuance of a no objection certificate there was no other object for filing such a frivolous writ application by the school. The question of issuance of No Objection is thus pending almost 2 years. The school wanted to cause delay relating to the transfer of the teacher by filing such a frivolous writ application which they have been able to do successfully for last almost 2 years. The Headmistress I hold therefore has abused the process of justice of this country beside deliberately violating the law as has been stated above. Another surprising fact is an e mailsent by the headmistress which is at pages 44 and 45 of the writ application which reads as “Respected Sir I have got two letters as referred above through mail on the matter of General Transfer on special ground to the post of AT against the application done by Aparna Munshi who is an Asst. Teacher of subject Bengali in Upper Primary group of my school till date. But it is for your kind information that a case bearing WP No. 17159(W) of 2019 has been lodged by her in the Hon‟ble Calcutta High Court against school authority Headmistress and Secretary on the matter of transfer is still pending. In these circumstances the school authority of Gandhi Memorial Girls‟ High School is unable to release her as per general law. It is for your kind information and do the needful. Chhabi De Gandhi Memorial Girls‟ High SchoolThis shows that the teacher‟s submission as to the school‟s direction to withdraw her writ application is not baseless. By taking such an arm twisting method for withdrawal of the teacher‟s writ application and for other illegalities stated above the Headmistress has 1) deliberately violated the law 2) has abused the process of the justice of this country and 3) has pressed a citizen the teacher to withdraw her writ application for issuing release order as a bargain from the school and thereby violated the liberty granted the constitution of this county to a citizen here the teacher by using the arm twisting method. I hold that the entire writ application shows want of bona fide and the same is mischievous in nature and is wholly frivolous with an aim to harass the teacher being the writ petitioner in WPA 171519. 23. Such a mischievous headmistress is wholly unfit as a Headmistress of the school and the headmistress who is to issue the release order has actually violated the law and further the constitutional right of a citizen who can maintain his writ application in the High Court. She has even filed a frivolous writ application which is nothing but abuse of process of justice to stall the transfer of the teacher. She cannot be allowed to act as a Headmistress of the school. The headmistress is before me through her learned counsel who has argued the matter in full. I exercising the writ court‟s plenary power under the writ jurisdiction in the special facts and circumstances of these cases denude the Headmistress from all her powers as a Headmistress of the school forthwith she is removed from the post of Headmistress of the school. Henceforth she will act as an assistant teacher of the school and will take classes like any other assistant teachers her scale of pay etc. if necessary can also be varied by the appropriate authority if there is an assistant headmistress she will perform the duty of the headmistress of the school and if there is no assistant headmistress the senior most teacher will act as the headmistress of the school till a regular Headmistress is appointed in the school. The post of the headmistress shall be treated as vacant and the appropriate authority will take immediate steps for filling up the post of the headmistress. If said Chhabi De Konar is found to be an excess teaching staff of the school the commissioner of School Education shall be approached by the School‟s managing committee for transfer of the said excess teacher to any other school as per of her option. 24. A cost of Rs. 20 000 is imposed upon the petitioners of the writ application being WPA 6598 of 2021. It would be paid to the petitioner of WPA 17159 of 2019 within two weeks from date. 25. While I am exercising my jurisdiction under Group Education) as a judge of this court I have found a large number of cases are coming to this court for not issuing no objection certificate to the teachers by the schools. I have passed appropriate directions in such matters for issuance of such Today I feel a direction is required to be passed for all the schools in respect of which the general transfer or mutual transfer is applicable to issue the no objection certificate to the teachers who will file application for no objection within a period of four weeks from the date of receiving of such 15 application by a school unless issuance of such no objection certificate is barred by law. There is no rule within which period the no objection is to be issued by a school to the intending teacher who want a transfer and for this reason this provision is made and as soon as any appropriate rule in this respect would be framed and given effect to by the State this general direction will automatically become inoperative. 26. With the above directions the two writ applications are disposed The Registrar General is directed to send a copy of this order to the Principal Secretary of School Education Department for its circulation to the Schools through District Inspectors of Schools Secondary Education) immediately. Abjijit Gangopadhyay J.) 