Questions with regard to validity of the respective wills propounded by the parties will be ultimately decided in the Probate proceedings: High Court of Delhi
The Supreme Court in G. Gopal vs. C. Bhasker (2008) 10 SCC 489 has held that if a person who has even a slight interest in the estate of the deceased testator is entitled to file caveat and contest the grant of probate of will of the deceased testator. The same was observed by the Hon’ble High court of Delhi through the learned bench of Hon’ble Mr. Justice Amit Bansal in the case of Kailash Vohra Vs The State &amp; Ors. [CM(M) 95/2019, CM No. 2811/2019 (for stay) &amp; CM No. 16433/2019] The brief facts of the case are that a suit for permanent and mandatory injunction qua the Property was filed by Roopa Vohra, daughter of the petitioner herein, against Sh. K.L. Jain in his lifetime. The said suit was dismissed by the Trial Court and an appeal was filed against the said dismissal. During the pendency of the said appeal, Sh. K.L. Jain expired and an application for impleadment of legal heirs of Sh. K.L. Jain was filed, which was allowed. An application was filed by Roopa Vohra (plaintiff in the suit) under section 52 of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882 seeking a direction to restrain respondents herein from creating any third party interest in the Property, which was dismissed by the Appellate Court. The Appellate Court also dismissed the appeal against the judgment of the Trial Court. Roopa Vohra filed a second appeal against the order of dismissal of the first appeal, which was also dismissed by the High Court. The probate petition from which the present petition arises, was filed by the Petitioner on 10th September, 2014 seeking probate of will dated 3 rd December, 2013 executed by the deceased testator, Sh. K.L. Jain, in terms of which the petitioner is the beneficiary. The counsel for the petitioner contends that respondent no. 4 had no caveatable interest in the proceedings and therefore, the impleadment application filed by respondent no. 4 ought not to have been entertained. The counsel appearing on behalf of the respondents no. 2 to 4 submits that respondent no. 4 has a caveatable interest in the estate of the deceased testator, as he was a bonafide purchaser of the Property from the deceased testator. After hearing both the parties and perused the facts on record, the Hon’ble Court stated that “The fact that the petitioner himself had sought an injunction against the respondent no.4 in respect of the aforesaid Property clearly demonstrates that the petitioner was aware of the interest of the petitioner in the aforesaid Property. Further, an additional issue has been framed in the probate petition in respect of the registered Will dated 27th August, 2013 in favour of the respondent no. 4. Therefore, it cannot be said that the respondent no.4 does not have a caveatable interest in the estate of the deceased. That being so, the petitioner has a right to be impleaded in the probate petition.” It was also state that “The Probate Court has clearly observed that the impleadment application filed on behalf of respondent no. 4 is being allowed without going into the merits of the respective claims of the parties. Questions with regard to validity of the respective wills propounded by the parties will be ultimately decided in the Probate proceedings.”
 IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI Date of decision: 11th October 2021. CM(M) 95 2019 CM No. 2811 2019 & CM No. 16433 2019KAILASH VOHRA ..... Petitioner Through: Mr. Rajat Manchanda Advocate THE STATE & ORS ..... Respondent Through: Mr. Ajay Garg Ms. Tripti Gola and Mr. Mani Shankar Advocates. HON BLE MR. JUSTICE AMIT BANSAL AMIT BANSAL J.The present petition under Article 227 of the Constitution of India impugns the order dated 7th May 2018 passed by the Probate Court in P.C. No. 50443 16 whereby the impleadment application filed by the respondent no. 4 under Order I Rule 10 of the Code of Civil Procedure 1908 was allowed and respondent no. 4 was allowed to file objections in the Probate proceedings. The litigation between the parties with respect to the estate of deceased testator Sh. KL Jain viz. property bearing no. T 4 T 5 and T 6 Usha Chamber Ashok Vihar New Delhi hereinafter has had a chequered history which is set out hereinafter. CM(M) 95 2019 Signed By:SAKSHIRAMOLASigning Date:10.14.202100:04:04Signature Not Verified A suit for permanent and mandatory injunction qua the Property was filed by Roopa Vohra daughter of the petitioner herein against Sh. K.L. Jain in his lifetime. The said suit was dismissed by the Trial Court vide judgment dated 24th March 2012. Roopa Vohra filed an appeal bearing no. RCA No. 3 2012 against the said dismissal. During the pendency of the said appeal Sh. K.L. Jain expired on 15th December 2013. An application for impleadment of legal heirs of Sh. K.L. Jain was filed which was allowed vide order dated 26th July 2014 and respondents no. 2 and 3 being the daughters of Sh. KL Jain were brought on record. An application was filed by Roopa Vohra under section 52 of the Transfer of Property Act 1882 seeking a direction to restrain respondents no. 2 3 herein and respondent no. 4 herein from creating any third party interest in the Property which was dismissed vide order dated 26th July 2014 by the Appellate Court. The Appellate Court vide order dated 14th October 2014 dismissed the appeal against the judgment dated 24th March 2012 of the Trial Court. Roopa Vohra filed a second appeal bearing no. RSA No. 7 2015 against the order dated 14th October 2014 of dismissal of the first appeal which was also dismissed by this Court vide order dated 24th March 2015. The probate petition from which the present petition arises was filed by the Petitioner on 10th September 2014 seeking probate of will dated 3rd December 2013 executed by the deceased testator Sh. K.L. Jain in terms of which the petitioner is the beneficiary. Respondents no. 2 and 3 herein being daughters of the deceased testator were made the respondents in the said probate petition. Objections were filed by the respondents no. 2 and 3 to probate petition. Issues were framed by the Probate Court on 19th CM(M) 95 2019 Signed By:SAKSHIRAMOLASigning Date:10.14.202100:04:04Signature Not Verified November 2015 and an additional issue was framed on 12th January 2016 on the application filed by petitioner herein under Order 14 Rule 4 CPC. An application under Order 1 Rule 10 CPC was filed by respondent no. 4 on 13th November 2017 seeking impleadment in the probate case. The said application was contested by the petitioner by filing a reply. Vide the impugned order dated 7th May 2018 the Probate Court allowed the application under Order 1 Rule 10 CPC filed on behalf of the respondent no. 4 by observing that respondent no.4 has a caveatable interest in the estate of the deceased. Relevant portion of the aforesaid order is set out below: “Without going into the merits of the claims of the respective parties to avoid multiplicity of proceedings and to cut short the controversy I am of the view that the intervenor Rajat Bansal can be allowed to file his objections to the present probate as there appears to be a caveatable interest in the Estate of the deceased. However the delay needs to be compensated whereby a cost of Rs.10 000 is imposed on the intervenor subject to which the objections shall be filed. The objections shall be filed within three weeks with advance copy to the opposite party or counsel against acknowledgement. The petitioner may file reply to the objections on or before the next date of hearing with one week advance copy to the objector Rajat Bansal or his counsel. The objector Rajat Bansal shall have the liberty to file the rejoinder if he so desires.” CM(M) 95 2019 Signed By:SAKSHIRAMOLASigning Date:10.14.202100:04:04Signature Not Verified The counsel for the petitioner contends that respondent no. 4 had no caveatable interest in the proceedings and therefore the impleadment application filed by respondent no. 4 ought not to have been entertained. It is further contended that the alleged sale transaction in favour of respondent no. 4 on the basis of which the impleadment application has been filed by respondent no. 4 could not be executed in favour of respondent no. 4 in view of the interim stay granted vide order dated 23rd April 2012 in appeal no. RCA No. 3 2012. The counsel appearing on behalf of the respondents no. 2 to 4 submits that respondent no. 4 has a caveatable interest in the estate of the deceased testator as he was a bonafide purchaser of the Property from the deceased testator. The possession of the said Property was given to the respondent no. 4 by the deceased testator on 27th August 2013 in his lifetime. Since the said Property was a lease hold property no sale deed was executed however other registered documents such as Agreement to Sell and GPA were executed in his favour along with a registered will dated 27th August 2013 in which daughter of the deceased testator respondent no. 2 was also a witness. The counsel for the respondents no. 2 to 4 has also drawn attention of this Court to the Order dated 26th July 2014 passed by Appellate Court to contend that the petitioner was aware of the interest of respondent no. 4 in the Property and therefore sought an injunction against the respondent no. 4 in RCA No. 3 2012 which was rejected. Yet the petitioner did not make respondent no. 4 a party in the probate petition. CM(M) 95 2019 Signed By:SAKSHIRAMOLASigning Date:10.14.202100:04:04Signature Not Verified The counsel for the respondents no. 2 to 4 has also drawn my attention to the order dated 12th January 2016 in the probate proceedings where the following additional issue had been framed: “Whether deceased Sh. K.L Jain left behind a registered Will dt. 27.08.2013 in favour of Sh. Rajat Bansal as so averred in rejoinder reply of respondents 2 and 3 filed in rebuttal to the petition of the petitioner OP on respondents 2 & 3.” I have heard the rival contentions. 11. The Supreme Court in G. Gopal vs. C. Bhasker10 SCC 489 has held that if a person who has even a slight interest in the estate of the deceased testator is entitled to file caveat and contest the grant of probate of will of the deceased testator. The fact that the petitioner himself had sought an injunction against the respondent no.4 in respect of the aforesaid Property clearly demonstrates that the petitioner was aware of the interest of the petitioner in the aforesaid Property. Further an additional issue has been framed in the probate petition in respect of the registered Will dated 27th August 2013 in favour of the respondent no. 4. Therefore it cannot be said that the respondent no.4 does not have a caveatable interest in the estate of the deceased. That being so the petitioner has a right to be impleaded in the probate petition. 12. While considering impleadment application filed by respondent no. 4 it was not for the Probate Court to consider whether the sale was conducted in favour of respondent no. 4 in violation of the interim order dated 23rd April 2012. At that stage Probate Court only had to see if respondent no. 4 had a caveatable interest in the estate of the deceased CM(M) 95 2019 Signed By:SAKSHIRAMOLASigning Date:10.14.202100:04:04Signature Not Verified testator so as to be impleaded as a party. The Probate Court has clearly observed that the impleadment application filed on behalf of respondent no. 4 is being allowed without going into the merits of the respective claims of the parties. Questions with regard to validity of the respective wills propounded by the parties will be ultimately decided in the Probate proceedings. 13. There is no infirmity in the impugned order that warrants interference of this Court in its jurisdiction under Article 227 of the Constitution of India. 14. The petition is dismissed. AMIT BANSAL J OCTOBER 11 2021 Sakshi R. CM(M) 95 2019 Signed By:SAKSHIRAMOLASigning Date:10.14.202100:04:04Signature Not Verified 