Court under S.482 C.R.P.C can quash FIR lodged with ulterior motive and malicious intention: High Court of Jammu And Kashmir
Where the FIR has been lodged with ulterior motive and maliciously to harass the petitioner and to dissuade the petitioner from raising any grievance against the conduct of the respondent, the court can without hesitation  can quash the proceeding under sec. 482 CRPC. This was held in Nowshad Ahmad Rather V. State Through Police Station Kothibagh Sgr. &amp; Anr[CRMC No. 334/2018] in the High Court of Jammu And Kashmir at Shrinagar by single bench consisting of JUSTICE RAJNESH OSWAL. Facts are that the petitioner on way to his office was prevented, by road closure by the police. The petitioner requested the police to let him pass, was harassed and took to social media and lodged a complaint with the Governor and Grievance Cell. FIR was registered against the petitioner under Section 353, 506 RPC for entering into an argument with respondent, the Dy. SP on duty at the time. The counsel for petitioner contended that FIR against the petitioner has been registered six days later with no justification for delay and is the result of afterthought, vengeance and based on mala fide. There was no occasion or reason available to the petitioner for obstructing the respondent from discharging his lawful duties. The court made reference to the Supreme Court judgement in Manoj Kumar Sharma v. State of Chhattisgarh, wherein the following observations were made, “ Delay in lodging the FIR often results in embellishment, which is a creature of an afterthought. On account of delay, the FIR not only gets bereft of the advantage of spontaneity, danger also creeps in of the introduction of a coloured version or exaggerated story” The court made relied on the judgement of the Apex Court judgement inM/S Indian Oil Corporation vs M/S NEPC India Ltd, the court in the case had highlighted the principles relating to exercise of jurisdiction under Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure to quash complaints and criminal proceedings, the court held, “A complaint may also be quashed where it is a clear abuse of the process of the court, as when the criminal proceeding is found to have been initiated with mala fides/malice for wreaking vengeance or to cause harm, or where the allegations are absurd and inherently improbable.”
 IN THE HIGH C0URT 0F JAMMU AND KASHMIR AT SRINAGAR CRMC No. 334 2018 IA No. 01 2018 Reserved on 16.03.2021. Pronounced on 02.04.2021 Nowshad Ahmad Rather Through: Mr. Shafaqat Nazir Adv. State Through Police Station Kothibagh Sgr. & Anr. Through: Ms. Saba Gulzar Assisting Counsel vice Mr B. A. Dar Sr. AAG Coram: HON’BLE MR. JUSTICE RAJNESH OSWAL JUDGE 1. The present petition has been filed by the petitioner for quashing of FIR bearing No. 74 2018 registered with Police Station Kothibagh Srinagar on 03.08.2018 under Section 353 506 RPC on the following grounds: a) That the FIR impugned has been registered against the petitioner to punish the petitioner for entering into an argument with respondent No. 2 and then taking to social media and also for approaching His Excellency the Governor of the then State against the erring police official who harassed and humiliated the petitioner without any fault. b) That the alleged occurrence took place on 28.07.2018 but the FIR against the petitioner has been registered on 03.08.2018 and no justification has been given by the concerned Dy. SP in his complaint as to why the FIR has not been lodged on same date and as to why such delay has been crept into the registration of the FIR and as CRMC No. 334 2018 such it becomes clear that the FIR is the result of afterthought and the FIR as such is a result of vengeance and is based on mala fide. c) That the petitioner is a gazetted officer working as Dy. Director in the Floriculture Department and there was no occasion or reason available to the petitioner for obstructing the respondent No. 2 from discharging his lawful duties. The only sin which the petitioner has committed is that the petitioner sought answers from the official on duty respondent No. 2 as to why the petitioner is being prevented from attending his duties when there is no lawful justification available for the same. It is further stated by the petitioner that he was made to run from pillar to post for the purpose of attending his duties and it is the concerned police officer who is actually guilty of preventing the petitioner from discharging his official duties. 2. Along with the petition the petitioner has placed on record the copy of the challan dated 28.07.2018 issued by the respondent No. 2 complaint made by the petitioner to the J&K Grievance Cell post uploaded on Facebook and also the FIR in question. 3. Response stands filed by the respondents in which it is stated that Police Station Kothibagh Srinagar received a written docket from Dy.SP Traffic City South Srinagar dated 28.07.2018 that while performing duty at Radio Kashmir Crossing one Nowshad Ahmad Rather S o Gh. Hassan R o Hardu Shiva Sopore had parked his vehicle Swift bearing registration No. JK05D 0533 in the No Parking Zone. The Dy. SP traffic approached the accused person and advised him to remove his vehicle from No Parking Zone but instead of following the law the accused person argued threatened and obstructed him from performing his lawful duties etc. and on receipt of this docket FIR bearing No. CRMC No. 334 2018 74 2018 under Section 353 506 RPC was registered and investigation was started. The investigation was closed as challan against the petitioner and charge sheet was produced before the court of Additional Munsiff Srinagar on 08.11.2018 and the case is under trial. 4. Learned counsel for the petitioner Mr. Shafqat Nazir has vehemently argued that the FIR has been lodged with malice and just to harass the petitioner as the petitioner had raised his voice against the high handedness of the respondent No. 2 in social media and also before His Excellency the Governor. During the course of hearing the Learned Counsel also produced the challan filed against the petitioner sub judice before Additional Munsiff Srinagar. 5. On the contrary Ms. Saba Gulzar Assisting counsel appearing vice Mr B. A. Dar Sr. AAG has vehemently argued that as the challan stands filed the present petition is not maintainable and the FIR was not actuated with malice. 6. Heard and perused the record. 7. Before appreciating the rival contention of the parties it would be appropriate to have the brief resume of the averments made by the petitioner in his petition. It is stated that the petitioner is working as a Dy. Director in the Department of Floriculture. On 28.07.2018 the petitioner was driving his vehicle bearing registration No. JK05D 0533 towards his office located at Emporium Garden Srinagar. Due to some political rally in Sheri Kashmir Park the petitioner was prevented by traffic police officer from proceeding towards his office at Polo View near GPO Srinagar and was advised to take TRC route which the petitioner did and the petitioner was again stopped by police near the under construction flyover outside the office of the petitioner and the petitioner found the road closed by the police. The petitioner approached the police officer who was Dy. SP by rank namely Sajad Ahmad respondent No. 2 and requested him to allow the petitioner to CRMC No. 334 2018 proceed towards his office which was only a stone’s throw away from the said place however the respondent No. 2 not only prevented the petitioner from attending his duties but also abused and humiliated the petitioner. The petitioner was harassed on spot in full public gaze and ultimately the petitioner was advised to take up the matter with concerned SSP which the petitioner did however the petitioner could not motivate the police man on duty to allow the petitioner to reach his office on time along with his vehicle. Ultimately the petitioner’s vehicle was seized by the police officer on duty and the petitioner was wrongly booked under Sections 109 II 179 177 of Motor Vehicles Act and the petitioner was made to pay a fine of Rs. 1500 for daring to approach senior police office with his grievance. The petitioner being humiliated and disgusted immediately lodged a complaint before His Excellency the Governor of the then State through Grievance Cell. The petitioner in his complaint narrated how he was humiliated and harassed and how the vehicle of the petitioner was taken away though the vehicle of the petitioner was neither parked in a No Parking Zone nor the petitioner had done any illegal activity. The petitioner also narrated in the complaint that the petitioner was harassed only for joining issue with the police officer on duty as the petitioner had perhaps hurt the ego of the officer on duty. The petitioner also uploaded a Facebook post therein narrating the whole story as to how the petitioner was humiliated and harassed by the people who are otherwise meant to protect life honour dignity and liberty of the citizen. The petitioner thereafter was shocked to know that the respondent No. 1 has registered an FIR on 03.08.2018 on the complaint of Dy. SP concerned i.e. respondent No. 2 under Section 353 506 RPC when the alleged occurrence had taken place on 28th July 2018. 9. The very first objection that has been raised by learned counsel for the respondents is that the challan stands filed and as such the FIR cannot be quashed. This issue is no more res integra as the Hon’ble Apex Court in the case titled Joseph Salvaraj A. v. State of Gujarat reported in 2011) 7 SCC 59 has observed: CRMC No. 334 2018 6. After completion of the investigation as per the FIR lodged by the complainant on 5 9 2006 the appellant was arrested at Chennai for commission of the said offences on 17 11 2006. He was thus constrained to file an application under Section 437 of the Code of Criminal Procedure 1973 hereinafter shall be referred to as “the Code”) for grant of bail to him. The same was granted to him on the conditions mentioned in the order dated 22 11 2006. The appellant thereafter was constrained to file the petition under Section 482 of the Code in the High Court of Gujarat at Ahmedabad with a prayer for quashing of the FIR bearing CR No. I 371 of 2006 registered with Odhav Police Station and to stay further investigation in the case. The said application came to be considered before the learned Single Judge on 11 1 2007. By that time charge sheet was already filed before the competent criminal court. Thus the learned Single Judge was of the opinion that it was not a fit case to be entertained and refused to hear the petition on merits even though the appellant was given liberty to file an application for his discharge before the trial court. It may be noted that even in its impugned order the learned Single Judge has emphasised that he had not considered the case on merits. Thus the appellant s petition was dismissed and interim order granted in his favour was vacated. 19. The appellant cannot be allowed to go through the rigmarole of a criminal prosecution for long number of years even when admittedly a civil suit has already been filed against the appellant and Respondent 4 complainant and is still sub judice. In the said suit the appellant is at liberty to contest the same on grounds available to him in accordance with law as per the leave granted by the trial court. It may also be pertinent to mention here that the complainant has not been able to show that at any material point of time there was any contract much less any privity of contract between the appellant and Respondent 4 complainant. There was no cause of action to even lodge an FIR against the appellant as neither the complainant had to receive the money nor was he in any way instrumental to telecast “GOD TV” in certain areas of Ahmedabad. He appears to be totally a stranger to the same. The appellant s prosecution would only lead to his harassment and humiliation which cannot be permitted in accordance with the principles of law. 20. Thus looking to the matter from all angles we are of the considered opinion that the prosecution of the appellant for commission of the alleged offences would be clear abuse of the process of law. The FIR under the circumstances deserves to be quashed at the threshold. We accordingly do so. The appeal is therefore allowed. The order of the learned Single Judge is set aside. The FIR dated 5 9 2006 lodged by Respondent 4 complainant with Odhav Police Station Ahmedabad stands quashed and all criminal proceedings emanating therefrom also stand quashed. CRMC No. 334 2018 11. In the above mentioned case the High Court had refused to quash F.I.R on the ground that during the pendency of the petition under sec 482 Cr.P.C the charge sheet stood filed but the Apex Court did not approve the course adopted by High Court and quashed the F.I.R along with consequential proceedings. The principle laid down by Apex Court in judgment were reaffirmed by Apex Court in Anand Kumar Mohatta v. Statereported in11 SCC 706 and relevant para is reproduced as under: 14. First we would like to deal with the submission of the learned Senior Counsel for Respondent 2 that once the charge sheet is filed petition for quashing of FIR is untenable. We do not see any merit in this submission keeping in mind the position of this Court in Joseph Salvaraj A. v. State of Gujarat7 SCC 59 :3 SCC23] . 12. So merely filing of challan would not divest the court of its powers to quash the FIR provided the petitioner makes out a case for quashing of FIR as such the first contention of the respondents are rejected. 13. Now the only issue that is to be considered by this Court is as to whether the impugned FIR was lodged with malafide and to harass the petitioner or not. It is an admitted fact that on 28.07.2018 the petitioner was challaned by the respondent No. 2 for commission of offences under Section 190 II 179 177 Motor Vehicles Act and on the same date the said offences were compounded by the respondent No. 2 by imposing a fine of Rs. 1500 . The perusal of the challan annexed as Annexure A issued by the respondent No. 2 reveals that there is no mention as to whether the respondent No. 2 was obstructed in performance of his duty by the petitioner or not and assuming any such offence under Section 353 506 RPC was committed by the petitioner the respondent No. 2 would have immediately lodged FIR against the petitioner for the commission of offences under Section 353 506 RPC. Rather the mere CRMC No. 334 2018 factum of punishing the petitioner for traffic rules violations substantiate the contention of the petitioner that false and frivolous FIR has been lodged against the petitioner with ulterior purpose particularly when there is no whisper either in the FIR or in the charge sheet filed against the petitioner that the petitioner was fined for violation of traffic rules. Rather punishing the petitioner for violation of traffic rules negate the story of the respondent No.2 that he was obstructed by the petitioner in performance of his official duties. The perusal of the statement of the respondent No.2 recorded under sec 161 Cr.P.C reveals that that the has no where deposed that he was prevented by the petitioner in performance of his official duties. Rather he has stated that the petitioner had altercation initially with his staff and then he had an altercation with him and the petitioner even resorted to sloganeering so as to attract the attention of the public. Lastly he stated that the petitioner threatened him. There is no whisper in his statement that the petitioner was challaned for violation of traffic rules and made to pay fine of Rs. 1 500 particularly when the challan evidencing the compounding of the offences have been issued by the respondent No.2. 14. The respondents in their objections have not disputed or controverted the factum of the complaint made by the petitioner to the J&K Grievance Cell regarding the unruly behaviour of the respondent No. 2 with the petitioner and it is evident that the said FIR was lodged only after the petitioner made the complaint before the J&K Grievance Cell and uploaded his story of harassment at the hands of respondent No. 2 on the Facebook. Generally the delay in lodging FIR is not fatal to the prosecution case provided the delay is explained and the same is to be considered at the time of the final disposal of the challan but at the same time when it is apparent from the record that the said FIR was lodged only as a tool to harass the petitioner then the delay in lodging FIR shall certainly be a relevant factor for considering the motive behind lodging FIR. When the respondent No:2 challaned the petitioner for violation of traffic rules then what prevented the respondent No:2 from lodging CRMC No. 334 2018 F.I.R against the petitioner on the same day when it is evident from FIR that it was lodged with respondent No:1 on 03.08.2018. 15. In Manoj Kumar Sharma v. State of Chhattisgarh reported in9 SCC 1 Apex Court has observed: 30. Delay in lodging the FIR often results in embellishment which is a creature of an afterthought. On account of delay the FIR not only gets bereft of the advantage of spontaneity danger also creeps in of the introduction of a coloured version or exaggerated story. In our opinion such extraordinary delay in lodging the FIR raises grave doubt about the truthfulness of allegations made by Respondent 2 herein against the appellants which are in any case general in nature. We have no doubt that by making such reckless and vague allegations Respondent 2 herein has tried to rope the appellants in criminal proceedings. We are of the confirmed opinion that continuation of the criminal proceedings against the appellants pursuant to this FIR is an abuse of the process of law. Therefore in the interest of justice the FIR deserves to be quashed. In this context it is apt to quote the following decision of this Court in Jai Prakash Singh v. State of Bihar4 SCC 379 : 2012) 2 SCC468] wherein it was held as under:“12. The FIR in a criminal case is a vital and valuable piece of evidence though may not be substantive piece of evidence. The object of insisting upon prompt lodging of the FIR in respect of the commission of an offence is to the crime was in which committed the names of the actual culprits and the part played by them as well as the names of the eyewitnesses present at the scene of occurrence. If there is a delay in lodging the FIR it loses the advantage of spontaneity danger creeps in of the introduction of coloured version exaggerated account or concocted story as a result of large number of consultations deliberations. Undoubtedly the promptness in lodging the FIR is an assurance regarding truth of the informant s version. A promptly lodged FIR reflects the first hand account of what has actually happened and who was responsible for the offence in 16. Hon’ble the Apex Court in the case of “Indian Oil Corporation vs. NEPC India Ltd. And Ors” reported in6 SCC 736 has held as under: 12. The principles relating to exercise of jurisdiction under Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure to quash complaints and criminal proceedings have been stated and reiterated by this Court in several decisions. To mention a few— Madhavrao Jiwajirao Scindia v. Sambhajirao Chandrojirao CRMC No. 334 2018 Cri) 1045] Angre1 SCC 692 : 1988 SCC 234] State of Haryana v. Bhajan LalSCC 335 : 1992 SCC Cri) 426] Rupan Deol Bajaj v. Kanwar Pal Singh Gill6 SCC 194 : 1995 SCC 1059] Central Bureau of Investigation v. Duncans Agro Industries Ltd.5 SCC 591 1996 SCC State of Bihar v. Rajendra Agrawalla8 SCC 164 : 1996 SCC 628] Rajesh Bajaj v. State NCT of Delhi3 SCC 259 : 1999 SCC401] Medchl Chemicals & Pharma Ltd. v. Biological E. Ltd.3 SCC 269 : 2000 SCC615] Hridaya Ranjan Prasad Verma v. State of Bihar4 SCC 168 : 2000 SCC Cri) 786] M. Krishnan v. Vijay Singh8 SCC 645 : 2002 SCC 19] and Zandu Pharmaceutical Works Ltd. v. Mohd. Sharaful Haque1 SCC 122 : 2005 SCC283] . The principles relevant to our purpose are: i) A complaint can be quashed where the allegations made in the complaint even if they are taken at their face value and accepted in their entirety do not prima facie constitute any offence or make out the case alleged against the accused. For this purpose the complaint has to be examined as a whole but without examining the merits of the allegations. Neither a detailed inquiry nor a meticulous analysis of the material nor an assessment of the reliability or genuineness of the allegations in the complaint is warranted while examining prayer for quashing of a complaint. ii) A complaint may also be quashed where it is a clear abuse of the process of the court as when the criminal proceeding is found to have been initiated with mala fides malice for wreaking vengeance or to cause harm or where the allegations are absurd and inherently improbable. iii) The power to quash shall not however be used to stifle or scuttle a legitimate prosecution. The power should be used sparingly and with abundant iv) The complaint is not required to verbatim reproduce the legal ingredients of the offence alleged. If the necessary factual foundation is laid in the complaint merely on the ground that a few ingredients have not been stated in detail the proceedings should not be quashed. Quashing of the complaint is warranted only where the complaint is so bereft of even the basic facts which are absolutely necessary for making out the offence. v) A given set of facts may make out:purely a civil wrong orpurely a criminal offence or a civil wrong as also a criminal offence. A commercial transaction or a contractual dispute apart from furnishing a cause of action for seeking remedy in civil law may also involve a criminal offence. As the nature and scope of a civil proceeding are different from a criminal proceeding the mere fact that the complaint relates to a commercial transaction or breach of contract for which a civil remedy is available or has been availed is not by itself a ground to quash the criminal proceedings. The test is whether the allegations in the complaint disclose a criminal offence or not. In Sunder Babu v. State of T.N. JUDGE Whether the order is speaking: Yes Whether the order is reportable: Yes CRMC No. 334 2018 