(ROOT (S (NP (NP (PRP It))) (VP (VBD took) (NP (NP (NNS 13years)) (PP (IN of) (NP (JJ international) (NN effort) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB map) (NP (NP (DT the) (JJ human) (JJ biological) (NN blueprint)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NP (PDT all) (DT the) (NNS genes)) (SBAR (WHNP (WDT that)) (S (VP (VBP make) (S (NP (PRP us)) (NP (JJ different) (NNS people)))))))))))))))) (. .)))
It took 13years of international effort to map the human biological blueprint of all the genes that make us different people.
expl
Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs
it
It
PRON
PRP
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
take
took
VERB
VBD
obj
Number=Plur
13year
13years
NOUN
NNS
case
of
of
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
international
international
ADJ
JJ
nmod
Number=Sing
effort
effort
NOUN
NN
mark
to
to
PART
TO
acl
VerbForm=Inf
map
map
VERB
VB
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
human
human
ADJ
JJ
amod
Degree=Pos
biological
biological
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Sing
blueprint
blueprint
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
det:predet
all
all
DET
PDT
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nmod
Number=Plur
gene
genes
NOUN
NNS
nsubj
PronType=Rel
that
that
PRON
WDT
acl:relcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
make
make
VERB
VBP
iobj
Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs
we
us
PRON
PRP
amod
Degree=Pos
different
different
ADJ
JJ
xcomp
Number=Plur
person
people
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (DT The) (JJ first) (JJ rough) (NN draft)) (VP (VBD was) (VP (VBN made) (PP (IN in) (NP (CD 2000))))) (. .)))
The first rough draft was made in 2000.
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
The
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos|NumType=Ord
first
first
ADJ
JJ
amod
Degree=Pos
rough
rough
ADJ
JJ
nsubj:pass
Number=Sing
draft
draft
NOUN
NN
aux:pass
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
be
was
AUX
VBD
root
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
make
made
VERB
VBN
case
in
in
ADP
IN
obl
NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card
2000
2000
NUM
CD
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (NP (DT The) (JJ last)) (PP (IN of) (NP (PRP$ our) (NNS 23chromosomes)))) (VP (VBD was) (ADVP (RB clearly)) (VP (VBN described) (PP (IN in) (NP (CD 2006))))) (. .)))
The last of our 23chromosomes was clearly described in 2006.
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
The
DET
DT
nsubj:pass
Degree=Pos
last
last
ADJ
JJ
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
our
our
PRON
PRP$
nmod
Number=Plur
23chromosom
23chromosomes
NOUN
NNS
aux:pass
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
be
was
AUX
VBD
advmod
clearly
clearly
ADV
RB
root
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
describe
described
VERB
VBN
case
in
in
ADP
IN
obl
NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card
2006
2006
NUM
CD
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (PP (ADVP (RB Ever)) (IN since) (ADVP (RB then))) (, ,) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN age)) (PP (IN of) (NP (JJ personal) (JJ genetic) (NN testing)))) (VP (VBZ has) (VP (VBN been) (PP (IN upon) (NP (PRP us))))) (. .)))
Ever since then, the age of personal genetic testing has been upon us.
advmod
ever
Ever
ADV
RB
case
since
since
ADP
IN
obl
PronType=Dem
then
then
ADV
RB
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Sing
age
age
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
personal
personal
ADJ
JJ
amod
Degree=Pos
genetic
genetic
ADJ
JJ
nmod
Number=Sing
testing
testing
NOUN
NN
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
have
has
AUX
VBZ
cop
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part
be
been
AUX
VBN
case
upon
upon
ADP
IN
root
Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs
we
us
PRON
PRP
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (PP (IN Since) (NP (DT that) (NN time))) (, ,) (NP (NP (DT a) (VBG growing) (NN number)) (PP (IN of) (NP (JJ private) (NNS companies)))) (VP (VBP have) (VP (VBN come) (PP (IN on) (NP (DT the) (NN market))) (PP (ADVP (RB mostly)) (IN through) (NP (DT the) (NNP Internet))) (, ,) (S (VP (VBG offering) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VP (VB scan) (NP (PRP$ your) (JJ personal) (NN DNA))) (CC and) (VP (VB compare) (NP (PRP it)) (PP (IN to) (NP (NP (DT some) (NN disease) (NNS markers)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN blueprint)) (, ,) (VP (VBN called) (S (NP (NNP DTC) (JJ genetic) (NNS tests)))))))))))))))) (. .)))
Since that time, a growing number of private companies have come on the market mostly through the Internet, offering to scan your personal DNA and compare it to some disease markers of the blueprint, called DTC genetic tests.
case
since
Since
ADP
IN
det
Number=Sing|PronType=Dem
that
that
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
time
time
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
amod
VerbForm=Ger
grow
growing
VERB
VBG
nsubj
Number=Sing
number
number
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
private
private
ADJ
JJ
nmod
Number=Plur
company
companies
NOUN
NNS
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
have
have
AUX
VBP
root
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part
come
come
VERB
VBN
case
on
on
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
market
market
NOUN
NN
advmod
mostly
mostly
ADV
RB
case
through
through
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
Internet
Internet
PROPN
NNP
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
advcl
VerbForm=Ger
offer
offering
VERB
VBG
mark
to
to
PART
TO
xcomp
VerbForm=Inf
scan
scan
VERB
VB
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
your
your
PRON
PRP$
amod
Degree=Pos
personal
personal
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Sing
DNA
DNA
NOUN
NN
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
VerbForm=Inf
compare
compare
VERB
VB
obj
Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs
it
it
PRON
PRP
case
to
to
ADP
IN
det
some
some
DET
DT
compound
Number=Sing
disease
disease
NOUN
NN
obl
Number=Plur
marker
markers
NOUN
NNS
case
of
of
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nmod
Number=Sing
blueprint
blueprint
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
acl
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part
call
called
VERB
VBN
compound
Number=Sing
DTC
DTC
PROPN
NNP
amod
Degree=Pos
genetic
genetic
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Plur
test
tests
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (CC But) (PP (IN over) (NP (DT the) (JJ last) (CD five) (NNS years))) (NP (DT the) (JJ medical) (NN world)) (VP (VBZ has) (VP (VBN been) (VP (VBG discussing) (ADVP (RB excitedly)) (PP (IN about) (SBAR (IN whether) (S (NP (DT these) (NN DTC) (NNS tests)) (VP (VBP are) (ADJP (JJ helpful) (CC or) (JJ harmful) (, ,) (ADJP (RB scientifically) (JJ believable)) (CC or) (ADJP (RB completely) (JJ useless)))))))))) (. .)))
But over the last five years the medical world has been discussing excitedly about whether these DTC tests are helpful or harmful, scientifically believable or completely useless.
cc
but
But
CCONJ
CC
case
over
over
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
last
last
ADJ
JJ
nummod
NumForm=Word|NumType=Card
five
five
NUM
CD
obl
Number=Plur
year
years
NOUN
NNS
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
medical
medical
ADJ
JJ
nsubj
Number=Sing
world
world
NOUN
NN
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
have
has
AUX
VBZ
aux
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part
be
been
AUX
VBN
root
Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part
discuss
discussing
VERB
VBG
advmod
excitedly
excitedly
ADV
RB
mark
about
about
SCONJ
IN
mark
whether
whether
SCONJ
IN
det
Number=Plur|PronType=Dem
this
these
DET
DT
compound
Number=Sing
dtc
DTC
NOUN
NN
nsubj
Number=Plur
test
tests
NOUN
NNS
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
advcl
Degree=Pos
helpful
helpful
ADJ
JJ
cc
or
or
CCONJ
CC
conj
Degree=Pos
harmful
harmful
ADJ
JJ
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
advmod
scientifically
scientifically
ADV
RB
conj
Degree=Pos
believable
believable
ADJ
JJ
cc
or
or
CCONJ
CC
advmod
completely
completely
ADV
RB
conj
Degree=Pos
useless
useless
ADJ
JJ
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (NP (CD One)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (JJ usual) (NNS criticisms)))) (VP (VBZ is) (SBAR (IN that) (S (NP (DT the) (NN science)) (VP (VBZ is) (ADJP (ADJP (RB so) (JJ new)) (SBAR (IN that) (S (NP (DT no) (NN one)) (ADVP (RB really)) (VP (VBZ knows) (ADVP (RB yet)) (SBAR (WHADVP (WRB how)) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB explain) (NP (DT the) (NN information)))))))))))))) (. .)))
One of the usual criticisms is that the science is so new that no one really knows yet how to explain the information.
nsubj:outer
NumForm=Word|NumType=Card
one
One
NUM
CD
case
of
of
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
usual
usual
ADJ
JJ
nmod
Number=Plur
criticism
criticisms
NOUN
NNS
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
AUX
VBZ
mark
that
that
SCONJ
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Sing
science
science
NOUN
NN
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
AUX
VBZ
advmod
so
so
ADV
RB
root
Degree=Pos
new
new
ADJ
JJ
mark
that
that
SCONJ
IN
det
no
no
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Sing|PronType=Neg
one
one
PRON
NN
advmod
really
really
ADV
RB
ccomp
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
know
knows
VERB
VBZ
advmod
yet
yet
ADV
RB
advmod
PronType=Int
how
how
ADV
WRB
mark
to
to
PART
TO
ccomp
VerbForm=Inf
explain
explain
VERB
VB
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
information
information
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (SINV (`` ``) (S (PP (IN At) (ADJP (JJ present))) (NP (PRP they)) (ADVP (RB largely)) (VP (VBP remain) (PP (IN in) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN period)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN research) (NNS studies))))))) (, ,) ('' '') (VP (VBZ notes)) (NP (NP (NNP Dr) (NNP Greg) (NNP Feero)) (, ,) (NP (NP (JJ special) (NN advisor)) (PP (IN to) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN director)) (PP (IN of) (NP (JJ genomic) (NN medicine))) (PP (IN at) (NP (DT the) (NNP US) (NNP National) (NML (NML (NNP Human) (NNP Genome)) (NNP Research)) (NNP Institute))))))) (. .)))
"At present they largely remain in the period of research studies," notes Dr Greg Feero, special advisor to the director of genomic medicine at the US National Human Genome Research Institute.
punct
``
``
PUNCT
``
case
at
At
ADP
IN
obl
Degree=Pos
present
present
ADJ
JJ
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
they
PRON
PRP
advmod
largely
largely
ADV
RB
ccomp
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
remain
remain
VERB
VBP
case
in
in
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
period
period
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
compound
Number=Sing
research
research
NOUN
NN
nmod
Number=Plur
study
studies
NOUN
NNS
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
punct
''
''
PUNCT
''
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
note
notes
VERB
VBZ
nsubj
Number=Sing
Dr
Dr
PROPN
NNP
flat
Number=Sing
Greg
Greg
PROPN
NNP
flat
Number=Sing
Feero
Feero
PROPN
NNP
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
amod
Degree=Pos
special
special
ADJ
JJ
appos
Number=Sing
advisor
advisor
NOUN
NN
case
to
to
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nmod
Number=Sing
director
director
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
genomic
genomic
ADJ
JJ
nmod
Number=Sing
medicine
medicine
NOUN
NN
case
at
at
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
compound
Number=Sing
US
US
PROPN
NNP
amod
Degree=Pos
National
National
ADJ
NNP
amod
Degree=Pos
human
Human
ADJ
NNP
compound
Number=Sing
Genome
Genome
PROPN
NNP
compound
Number=Sing
Research
Research
PROPN
NNP
nmod
Number=Sing
Institute
Institute
PROPN
NNP
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (NNP Feero)) (VP (VBZ says) (SBAR (S (NP (EX there)) (VP (VBP are) (NP (CD two) (NNS reasons)))))) (. .)))
Feero says there are two reasons.
nsubj
Number=Sing
Feero
Feero
PROPN
NNP
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
say
says
VERB
VBZ
expl
there
there
PRON
EX
ccomp
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
VERB
VBP
nummod
NumForm=Word|NumType=Card
two
two
NUM
CD
nsubj
Number=Plur
reason
reasons
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (`` ``) (S (NP (DT The) (JJ first)) (VP (VBZ is) (SBAR (IN that) (S (SBAR (WHADVP (WRB when)) (S (NP (PRP they)) (VP (VBP offer) (NP (DT a) (NN test))))) (, ,) (SQ (VBP are) (NP (PRP they)) (ADVP (RB really)) (VP (VBG checking) (SBAR (WHNP (WP what)) (S (NP (PRP they)) (VP (MD should) (VP (VB check))))))) (. ?) (CC And) (ADVP (RB then)) (NP (DT the) (JJ next)) (VP (VBZ is) (SBAR (IN that) (S (SBAR (ADVP (RB even)) (IN if) (S (NP (PRP it)) (VP (VBZ is) (ADJP (JJ believable))))) (, ,) (VBZ does) (NP (WP what)) (NP (DT the) (NN test)) (VP (VBZ is) (VP (VBG checking) (SQ (ADVP (RB really)) (VP (VB mean) (NP (NN anything)) (PP (IN to) (NP (PRP$ your) (NN health)))))))))))))) (. ?) ('' '')))
"The first is that when they offer a test, are they really checking what they should check? And then the next is that even if it is believable, does what the test is checking really mean anything to your health?"
punct
``
``
PUNCT
``
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
The
DET
DT
nsubj:outer
Degree=Pos|NumType=Ord
first
first
ADJ
JJ
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
AUX
VBZ
mark
that
that
SCONJ
IN
advmod
PronType=Int
when
when
ADV
WRB
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
they
PRON
PRP
advcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
offer
offer
VERB
VBP
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
test
test
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
they
PRON
PRP
advmod
really
really
ADV
RB
root
Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part
check
checking
VERB
VBG
obj
PronType=Rel
what
what
PRON
WP
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
they
PRON
PRP
aux
VerbForm=Fin
should
should
AUX
MD
acl:relcl
VerbForm=Inf
check
check
VERB
VB
punct
?
?
PUNCT
.
cc
and
And
CCONJ
CC
advmod
PronType=Dem
then
then
ADV
RB
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nsubj:outer
Degree=Pos
next
next
ADJ
JJ
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
AUX
VBZ
mark
that
that
SCONJ
IN
advmod
even
even
ADV
RB
mark
if
if
SCONJ
IN
nsubj
Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs
it
it
PRON
PRP
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
AUX
VBZ
advcl
Degree=Pos
believable
believable
ADJ
JJ
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
do
does
AUX
VBZ
nsubj
PronType=Rel
what
what
PRON
WP
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Sing
test
test
NOUN
NN
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
AUX
VBZ
acl:relcl
Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part
check
checking
VERB
VBG
advmod
really
really
ADV
RB
conj
VerbForm=Inf
mean
mean
VERB
VB
obj
Number=Sing|PronType=Ind
anything
anything
PRON
NN
case
to
to
ADP
IN
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
your
your
PRON
PRP$
nmod
Number=Sing
health
health
NOUN
NN
punct
?
?
PUNCT
.
punct
''
''
PUNCT
''
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (NP (JJ Other) (NNS worries)) (VP (VBP include) (NP (NP (NP (DT the) (NN privacy)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (NNS results)))) (CC and) (SBAR (WHADVP (WRB how)) (S (NP (PRP$ your) (JJ personal) (JJ genetic) (NN information)) (VP (MD might) (VP (VB be) (VP (VBN used) (PP (IN by) (NP (NN insurance) (NNS companies))) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB refuse) (NP (NP (PRP$ your) (NN insurance)) (CC or) (NP (PRP$ your) (NN boss))) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB dismiss) (NP (PRP you))))))))))))))) (. .)))
Other worries include the privacy of the results and how your personal genetic information might be used by insurance companies to refuse your insurance or your boss to dismiss you.
amod
Degree=Pos
other
Other
ADJ
JJ
nsubj
Number=Plur
worry
worries
NOUN
NNS
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
include
include
VERB
VBP
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
privacy
privacy
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nmod
Number=Plur
result
results
NOUN
NNS
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
advmod
PronType=Int
how
how
ADV
WRB
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
your
your
PRON
PRP$
amod
Degree=Pos
personal
personal
ADJ
JJ
amod
Degree=Pos
genetic
genetic
ADJ
JJ
nsubj:pass
Number=Sing
information
information
NOUN
NN
aux
VerbForm=Fin
might
might
AUX
MD
aux:pass
VerbForm=Inf
be
be
AUX
VB
conj
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
use
used
VERB
VBN
case
by
by
ADP
IN
compound
Number=Sing
insurance
insurance
NOUN
NN
obl
Number=Plur
company
companies
NOUN
NNS
mark
to
to
PART
TO
advcl
VerbForm=Inf
refuse
refuse
VERB
VB
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
your
your
PRON
PRP$
obj
Number=Sing
insurance
insurance
NOUN
NN
cc
or
or
CCONJ
CC
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
your
your
PRON
PRP$
conj
Number=Sing
boss
boss
NOUN
NN
mark
to
to
PART
TO
advcl
VerbForm=Inf
dismiss
dismiss
VERB
VB
obj
Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs
you
you
PRON
PRP
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (CC Or) (NP (PRP you)) (VP (MD could) (VP (VB learn) (NP (NN information)) (PP (IN with) (NP (NP (DT a) (JJ huge) (ADJP (JJ social) (CC or) (JJ personal)) (NN impact)) (, ,) (PP (JJ such) (IN as) (S (VP (VBG finding) (PRT (RP out)) (SBAR (IN that) (S (ADVP (RB genetically)) (NP (PRP you)) (VP (MD can) (RB not) (ADVP (RB possibly)) (VP (VB be) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN father)) (PP (IN of) (NP (PRP$ your) (NN child))))))))))))))) (. .)))
Or you could learn information with a huge social or personal impact, such as finding out that genetically you cannot possibly be the father of your child.
cc
or
Or
CCONJ
CC
nsubj
Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs
you
you
PRON
PRP
aux
VerbForm=Fin
could
could
AUX
MD
root
VerbForm=Inf
learn
learn
VERB
VB
obj
Number=Sing
information
information
NOUN
NN
case
with
with
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
huge
huge
ADJ
JJ
amod
Degree=Pos
social
social
ADJ
JJ
cc
or
or
CCONJ
CC
conj
Degree=Pos
personal
personal
ADJ
JJ
nmod
Number=Sing
impact
impact
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
mark
Degree=Pos
such
such
ADJ
JJ
fixed
as
as
SCONJ
IN
acl
VerbForm=Ger
find
finding
VERB
VBG
compound:prt
out
out
ADP
RP
mark
that
that
SCONJ
IN
advmod
genetically
genetically
ADV
RB
nsubj
Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs
you
you
PRON
PRP
aux
VerbForm=Fin
can
can
AUX
MD
advmod
not
not
PART
RB
advmod
possibly
possibly
ADV
RB
cop
VerbForm=Inf
be
be
AUX
VB
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
ccomp
Number=Sing
father
father
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
your
your
PRON
PRP$
nmod
Number=Sing
child
child
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (PRP It)) (VP (MD can) (ADVP (RB also)) (VP (VB give) (NP (PRP you)) (NP (NP (NNS risks)) (SBAR (WHNP (WDT that)) (S (VP (MD may) (VP (VB break) (NP (NP (PRP$ your) (NN life)) (, ,) (PP (JJ such) (IN as) (SBAR (IN whether) (S (NP (PRP you)) (VP (VBP are) (PP (IN at) (NP (NP (JJ high) (NN risk)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN cancer))))))))) (, ,) (NP (NP (NNP Parkinson)) (CC or) (NP (JJ other) (JJ terrible) (NNS diseases))))))))))) (. .)))
It can also give you risks that may break your life, such as whether you are at high risk of cancer, Parkinson or other terrible diseases.
nsubj
Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs
it
It
PRON
PRP
aux
VerbForm=Fin
can
can
AUX
MD
advmod
also
also
ADV
RB
root
VerbForm=Inf
give
give
VERB
VB
iobj
Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs
you
you
PRON
PRP
obj
Number=Plur
risk
risks
NOUN
NNS
nsubj
PronType=Rel
that
that
PRON
WDT
aux
VerbForm=Fin
may
may
AUX
MD
acl:relcl
VerbForm=Inf
break
break
VERB
VB
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
your
your
PRON
PRP$
obj
Number=Sing
life
life
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
mark
Degree=Pos
such
such
ADJ
JJ
fixed
as
as
ADP
IN
mark
whether
whether
SCONJ
IN
nsubj
Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs
you
you
PRON
PRP
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
case
at
at
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
high
high
ADJ
JJ
acl
Number=Sing
risk
risk
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
cancer
cancer
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
conj
Number=Sing
Parkinson
Parkinson
PROPN
NNP
cc
or
or
CCONJ
CC
amod
Degree=Pos
other
other
ADJ
JJ
amod
Degree=Pos
terrible
terrible
ADJ
JJ
conj
Number=Plur
disease
diseases
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (NP (NP (NNS Criticisms)) (PP (IN over) (NP (DT the) (NNS tests)))) (VP (VBP are) (ADJP (JJ such) (SBAR (IN that) (S (NP (NP (DT some) (NNS countries)) (, ,) (PP (JJ such) (IN as) (NP (NNP Germany))) (, ,)) (VP (VBP have) (VP (VBN banned) (NP (PRP them)))))))) (. .)))
Criticisms over the tests are such that some countries, such as Germany, have banned them.
nsubj
Number=Plur
criticism
Criticisms
NOUN
NNS
case
over
over
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nmod
Number=Plur
test
tests
NOUN
NNS
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
root
Degree=Pos
such
such
ADJ
JJ
mark
that
that
SCONJ
IN
det
some
some
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Plur
country
countries
NOUN
NNS
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
case
Degree=Pos
such
such
ADJ
JJ
fixed
as
as
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
Germany
Germany
PROPN
NNP
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
have
have
AUX
VBP
ccomp
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part
ban
banned
VERB
VBN
obj
Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
them
PRON
PRP
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (PP (IN In) (NP (CD 2011))) (, ,) (NP (DT some) (NNS scientists)) (VP (VBD advised) (NP (DT the) (NNP US) (NN government)) (SBAR (IN that) (S (NP (JJS most) (NNS tests)) (VP (MD should) (VP (VB be) (VP (VBN done) (PP (IN under) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN guidance)) (PP (IN of) (NP (JJ medical) (NNS professionals))))))))))) (. .)))
In 2011, some scientists advised the US government that most tests should be done under the guidance of medical professionals.
case
in
In
ADP
IN
obl
NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card
2011
2011
NUM
CD
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
det
some
some
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Plur
scientist
scientists
NOUN
NNS
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
advise
advised
VERB
VBD
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
compound
Number=Sing
US
US
PROPN
NNP
iobj
Number=Sing
government
government
NOUN
NN
mark
that
that
SCONJ
IN
amod
Degree=Sup
most
most
ADJ
JJS
nsubj:pass
Number=Plur
test
tests
NOUN
NNS
aux
VerbForm=Fin
should
should
AUX
MD
aux:pass
VerbForm=Inf
be
be
AUX
VB
ccomp
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
do
done
VERB
VBN
case
under
under
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
guidance
guidance
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
medical
medical
ADJ
JJ
nmod
Number=Plur
professional
professionals
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (DT The) (NNP UK) (NN government)) (ADVP (RB also)) (VP (VBD expressed) (NP (NP (PRP$ its) (NNS worries)) (PP (PP (IN about) (NP (NNP DTC) (JJ genetic) (NNS tests))) (CC and) (PP (IN in) (NP (NNP August) (CD 2010made))))) (NP (NP (DT a) (NN set)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NP (NNS rules)) (SBAR (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB guide) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN development)) (PP (IN of) (NP (JJ genetic) (NNS tests)))))))))))) (. .)))
The UK government also expressed its worries about DTC genetic tests and in August 2010made a set of rules to guide the development of genetic tests.
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
The
DET
DT
compound
Number=Sing
UK
UK
PROPN
NNP
nsubj
Number=Sing
government
government
NOUN
NN
advmod
also
also
ADV
RB
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
express
expressed
VERB
VBD
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
its
its
PRON
PRP$
obj
Number=Plur
worry
worries
NOUN
NNS
case
about
about
ADP
IN
compound
Number=Sing
DTC
DTC
PROPN
NNP
amod
Degree=Pos
genetic
genetic
ADJ
JJ
nmod
Number=Plur
test
tests
NOUN
NNS
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
case
in
in
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
August
August
PROPN
NNP
nummod
NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card
2010made
2010made
NUM
CD
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
conj
Number=Sing
set
set
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Plur
rule
rules
NOUN
NNS
mark
to
to
PART
TO
acl
VerbForm=Inf
guide
guide
VERB
VB
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
development
development
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
genetic
genetic
ADJ
JJ
nmod
Number=Plur
test
tests
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (PP (IN In) (NP (CD 2011))) (, ,) (NP (CD three) (JJ medical) (NNS researchers)) (VP (VBD published) (NP (NP (DT a) (NN review) (NN article)) (PP (IN in) (NP (NP (DT the) (NNP International) (NNP Journal)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NNP Clinical) (NNP Practice)))))) (, ,) (S (VP (VBG saying) (SBAR (IN that) (S (NP (JJ such) (NNS tests)) (VP (VBD offered) (NP (NP (JJR more) (NNS risks)) (PP (IN than) (NP (NNS benefits)))))))))) (. .)))
In 2011, three medical researchers published a review article in the International Journal of Clinical Practice, saying that such tests offered more risks than benefits.
case
in
In
ADP
IN
obl
NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card
2011
2011
NUM
CD
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nummod
NumForm=Word|NumType=Card
three
three
NUM
CD
amod
Degree=Pos
medical
medical
ADJ
JJ
nsubj
Number=Plur
researcher
researchers
NOUN
NNS
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
publish
published
VERB
VBD
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
compound
Number=Sing
review
review
NOUN
NN
obj
Number=Sing
article
article
NOUN
NN
case
in
in
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
International
International
ADJ
NNP
nmod
Number=Sing
Journal
Journal
PROPN
NNP
case
of
of
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
clinical
Clinical
ADJ
NNP
nmod
Number=Sing
Practice
Practice
PROPN
NNP
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
advcl
VerbForm=Ger
say
saying
VERB
VBG
mark
that
that
SCONJ
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
such
such
ADJ
JJ
nsubj
Number=Plur
test
tests
NOUN
NNS
ccomp
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
offer
offered
VERB
VBD
amod
Degree=Cmp
more
more
ADJ
JJR
obj
Number=Plur
risk
risks
NOUN
NNS
case
than
than
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Plur
benefit
benefits
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (DT The) (ADJP (RBS most) (JJ important)) (NN reason)) (VP (VBZ is) (SBAR (IN that) (S (NP (DT the) (NNS tests)) (VP (MD might) (VP (VP (VB create) (NP (NP (NNS worries)) (CC or) (NP (JJ unreal) (NNS results)))) (CC or) (VP (VB drive) (NP (JJ unnecessary) (JJ medical) (NNS treatments)))))))) (. .)))
The most important reason is that the tests might create worries or unreal results or drive unnecessary medical treatments.
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
The
DET
DT
advmod
Degree=Sup
most
most
ADV
RBS
amod
Degree=Pos
important
important
ADJ
JJ
nsubj:outer
Number=Sing
reason
reason
NOUN
NN
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
AUX
VBZ
mark
that
that
SCONJ
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Plur
test
tests
NOUN
NNS
aux
VerbForm=Fin
might
might
AUX
MD
root
VerbForm=Inf
create
create
VERB
VB
obj
Number=Plur
worry
worries
NOUN
NNS
cc
or
or
CCONJ
CC
amod
Degree=Pos
unreal
unreal
ADJ
JJ
conj
Number=Plur
result
results
NOUN
NNS
cc
or
or
CCONJ
CC
conj
VerbForm=Inf
drive
drive
VERB
VB
amod
Degree=Pos
unnecessary
unnecessary
ADJ
JJ
amod
Degree=Pos
medical
medical
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Plur
treatment
treatments
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (PRP They)) (ADVP (RB also)) (VP (VBD noted) (SBAR (S (NP (NP (DT some)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NP (DT the) (JJ genetic) (NN information)) (SBAR (S (NP (DT the) (NNS tests)) (VP (VBP are) (VP (VBN based) (PP (IN on)) (PP (IN at) (NP (NN present)))))))))) (VP (VBZ is) (ADVP (RB far) (PP (IN from) (S (VP (VBG being) (ADJP (JJ perfect)))))))))) (. .)))
They also noted some of the genetic information the tests are based on at present is far from being perfect.
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
They
PRON
PRP
advmod
also
also
ADV
RB
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
note
noted
VERB
VBD
obj
some
some
DET
DT
case
of
of
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
genetic
genetic
ADJ
JJ
nmod
Number=Sing
information
information
NOUN
NN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nsubj:pass
Number=Plur
test
tests
NOUN
NNS
aux:pass
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
acl:relcl
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
base
based
VERB
VBN
obl
on
on
ADP
IN
case
at
at
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Sing
present
present
NOUN
NN
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
AUX
VBZ
advcl
Degree=Pos
far
far
ADV
RB
mark
from
from
SCONJ
IN
cop
VerbForm=Ger
be
being
AUX
VBG
advcl
Degree=Pos
perfect
perfect
ADJ
JJ
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
It took 13years of international effort to map the human biological blueprint of all the genes that make us different people. The first rough draft was made in 2000. The last of our 23chromosomes was clearly described in 2006. Ever since then, the age of personal genetic testing has been upon us. Since that time, a growing number of private companies have come on the market mostly through the Internet, offering to scan your personal DNA and compare it to some disease markers of the blueprint, called DTC genetic tests.  But over the last five years the medical world has been discussing excitedly about whether these DTC tests are helpful or harmful, scientifically believable or completely useless. One of the usual criticisms is that the science is so new that no one really knows yet how to explain the information.  "At present they largely remain in the period of research studies," notes Dr Greg Feero, special advisor to the director of genomic medicine at the US National Human Genome Research Institute. Feero says there are two reasons. "The first is that when they offer a test, are they really checking what they should check? And then the next is that even if it is believable, does what the test is checking really mean anything to your health?"  Other worries include the privacy of the results and how your personal genetic information might be used by insurance companies to refuse your insurance or your boss to dismiss you. Or you could learn information with a huge social or personal impact, such as finding out that genetically you cannot possibly be the father of your child. It can also give you risks that may break your life, such as whether you are at high risk of cancer, Parkinson or other terrible diseases.  Criticisms over the tests are such that some countries, such as Germany, have banned them. In 2011, some scientists advised the US government that most tests should be done under the guidance of medical professionals. The UK government also expressed its worries about DTC genetic tests and in August 2010made a set of rules to guide the development of genetic tests.  In 2011, three medical researchers published a review article in the International Journal of Clinical Practice, saying that such tests offered more risks than benefits. The most important reason is that the tests might create worries or unreal results or drive unnecessary medical treatments. They also noted some of the genetic information the tests are based on at present is far from being perfect.