(ROOT (S (NP (DT The) (NNPS Alps)) (VP (VBP are) (NP (NP (DT the) (ADJP (JJS youngest) (CC and) (JJS highest)) (NN mountain) (NN system)) (PP (IN in) (NP (NNP Europe))))) (. .)))
The Alps are the youngest and highest mountain system in Europe.
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
The
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Plur
Alps
Alps
PROPN
NNPS
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Sup
young
youngest
ADJ
JJS
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Degree=Sup
high
highest
ADJ
JJS
compound
Number=Sing
mountain
mountain
NOUN
NN
root
Number=Sing
system
system
NOUN
NN
case
in
in
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
Europe
Europe
PROPN
NNP
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (PRP They)) (VP (VBP stretch) (PP (IN across) (NP (NP (DT the) (ADJP (JJ western) (CC and) (JJ southern)) (NN part)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (NN continent))))) (PP (IN in) (NP (DT a) (JJ broad) (NN arc)))) (. .)))
They stretch across the western and southern part of the continent in a broad arc.
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
They
PRON
PRP
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
stretch
stretch
VERB
VBP
case
across
across
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
western
western
ADJ
JJ
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Degree=Pos
southern
southern
ADJ
JJ
obl
Number=Sing
part
part
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nmod
Number=Sing
continent
continent
NOUN
NN
case
in
in
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
broad
broad
ADJ
JJ
obl
Number=Sing
arc
arc
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (DT The) (NN mountain) (NN range)) (VP (VBZ starts) (PP (IN near) (NP (DT the) (NNP Mediterranean) (NNP Sea))) (PP (IN on) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN border)) (PP (IN between) (NP (NNP France) (CC and) (NNP Italy)))))) (. .)))
The mountain range starts near the Mediterranean Sea on the border between France and Italy.
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
The
DET
DT
compound
Number=Sing
mountain
mountain
NOUN
NN
nsubj
Number=Sing
range
range
NOUN
NN
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
start
starts
VERB
VBZ
case
near
near
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
compound
Number=Sing
Mediterranean
Mediterranean
PROPN
NNP
obl
Number=Sing
Sea
Sea
PROPN
NNP
case
on
on
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
border
border
NOUN
NN
case
between
between
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
France
France
PROPN
NNP
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Number=Sing
Italy
Italy
PROPN
NNP
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (ADVP (RB Then)) (NP (PRP it)) (VP (VBZ curves) (PP (ADVP (RB north) (CC and) (RB eastward)) (IN through) (NP (NP (JJ northern) (NNP Italy)) (, ,) (NP (NNP Switzerland)) (, ,) (NP (NNP Liechtenstein)) (, ,) (NP (JJ southern) (NNP Germany)) (, ,) (NP (NNP Austria)) (CC and) (NP (NNP Slovenia))))) (. .)))
Then it curves north and eastward through northern Italy, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, southern Germany, Austria and Slovenia.
advmod
PronType=Dem
then
Then
ADV
RB
nsubj
Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs
it
it
PRON
PRP
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
curve
curves
VERB
VBZ
advmod
north
north
ADV
RB
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
eastward
eastward
ADV
RB
case
through
through
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
northern
northern
ADJ
JJ
obl
Number=Sing
Italy
Italy
PROPN
NNP
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
conj
Number=Sing
Switzerland
Switzerland
PROPN
NNP
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
conj
Number=Sing
Liechtenstein
Liechtenstein
PROPN
NNP
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
amod
Degree=Pos
southern
southern
ADJ
JJ
conj
Number=Sing
Germany
Germany
PROPN
NNP
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
conj
Number=Sing
Austria
Austria
PROPN
NNP
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Number=Sing
Slovenia
Slovenia
PROPN
NNP
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (S (NP (DT The) (NNPS Alps)) (VP (VBP are) (ADJP (NP (QP (RB about) (CD 1,000)) (NNS km)) (JJ long)))) (, ,) (CC and) (S (NP (DT the) (JJS broadest) (NN section)) (VP (VBZ is) (PP (RB over) (NP (NP (CD 260) (NNS km)) (RB wide))))) (. .)))
The Alps are about 1,000 km long, and the broadest section is over 260 km wide.
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
The
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Plur
Alps
Alps
PROPN
NNPS
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
advmod
about
about
ADV
RB
nummod
NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card
1000
1,000
NUM
CD
obl:npmod
Number=Plur
kilometer
km
NOUN
NNS
root
Degree=Pos
long
long
ADJ
JJ
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Sup
broad
broadest
ADJ
JJS
nsubj
Number=Sing
section
section
NOUN
NN
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
AUX
VBZ
advmod
over
over
ADV
RB
nummod
NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card
260
260
NUM
CD
obl:npmod
Number=Plur
kilometer
km
NOUN
NNS
conj
Degree=Pos
wide
wide
ADV
RB
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (DT The) (JJS highest) (NN peak)) (, ,) (NP (NP (NNP Mont) (NNP Blanc)) (, ,) (VP (VBN situated) (PP (IN on) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN border)) (PP (IN between) (NP (NNP France) (, ,) (NNP Italy) (CC and) (NNP Switzerland)))))) (, ,)) (VP (VBZ rises) (PP (NP (CD 4,807) (NNS meters)) (IN above) (NP (NN sea) (NN level)))) (. .)))
The highest peak, Mont Blanc, situated on the border between France, Italy and Switzerland, rises 4,807 meters above sea level.
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
The
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Sup
high
highest
ADJ
JJS
nsubj
Number=Sing
peak
peak
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
appos
Number=Sing
Mont
Mont
PROPN
NNP
flat
Number=Sing
Blanc
Blanc
PROPN
NNP
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
acl
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part
situate
situated
VERB
VBN
case
on
on
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
border
border
NOUN
NN
case
between
between
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
France
France
PROPN
NNP
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
conj
Number=Sing
Italy
Italy
PROPN
NNP
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Number=Sing
Switzerland
Switzerland
PROPN
NNP
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
rise
rises
VERB
VBZ
nummod
NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card
4807
4,807
NUM
CD
nmod:npmod
Number=Plur
meter
meters
NOUN
NNS
case
above
above
ADP
IN
compound
Number=Sing
sea
sea
NOUN
NN
obl
Number=Sing
level
level
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (JJ Other) (JJ famous) (NNS peaks)) (VP (VBP are) (NP (NP (DT the) (NNP Monte) (NNP Rosa)) (, ,) (NP (DT the) (NNP Matterhorn)) (, ,) (NP (DT the) (NNP GroBglockner)) (CC and) (NP (DT the) (NNP Zugspitze)))) (. .)))
Other famous peaks are the Monte Rosa, the Matterhorn, the GroBglockner and the Zugspitze.
amod
Degree=Pos
other
Other
ADJ
JJ
amod
Degree=Pos
famous
famous
ADJ
JJ
nsubj
Number=Plur
peak
peaks
NOUN
NNS
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
root
Number=Sing
Monte
Monte
PROPN
NNP
flat
Number=Sing
Rosa
Rosa
PROPN
NNP
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
conj
Number=Sing
Matterhorn
Matterhorn
PROPN
NNP
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
conj
Number=Sing
GroBglockner
GroBglockner
PROPN
NNP
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
conj
Number=Sing
Zugspitze
Zugspitze
PROPN
NNP
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (ADVP (NP (NP (NNS Millions)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NNS years)))) (RB ago)) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN area)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NP (NN today) (POS 's)) (NNPS Alps)))) (VP (VBD was) (VP (VBN covered) (PP (IN by) (NP (NP (DT a) (JJ large) (NN sea)) (SBAR (WHNP (WDT that)) (S (VP (VBD separated) (NP (NNP Europe) (CC and) (NNP Africa))))))))) (. .)))
Millions of years ago the area of today's Alps was covered by a large sea that separated Europe and Africa.
obl:npmod
Number=Plur
million
Millions
NOUN
NNS
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Plur
year
years
NOUN
NNS
advmod
ago
ago
ADV
RB
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nsubj:pass
Number=Sing
area
area
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod:poss
Number=Sing
today
today
NOUN
NN
case
's
's
PART
POS
nmod
Number=Plur
Alps
Alps
PROPN
NNPS
aux:pass
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
be
was
AUX
VBD
root
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
cover
covered
VERB
VBN
case
by
by
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
large
large
ADJ
JJ
obl:agent
Number=Sing
sea
sea
NOUN
NN
nsubj
PronType=Rel
that
that
PRON
WDT
acl:relcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
separate
separated
VERB
VBD
obj
Number=Sing
Europe
Europe
PROPN
NNP
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Number=Sing
Africa
Africa
PROPN
NNP
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (DT The) (JJ southern) (NN land) (NN mass)) (VP (VBD started) (S (VP (VBG moving) (ADVP (RB northwards))))) (. .)))
The southern land mass started moving northwards.
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
The
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
southern
southern
ADJ
JJ
compound
Number=Sing
land
land
NOUN
NN
nsubj
Number=Sing
mass
mass
NOUN
NN
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
start
started
VERB
VBD
xcomp
VerbForm=Ger
move
moving
VERB
VBG
advmod
northwards
northwards
ADV
RB
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (DT This) (NN movement)) (VP (VBD folded) (NP (NN rock) (NNS layers)) (PP (IN at) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN bottom)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (NN sea)))))) (. .)))
This movement folded rock layers at the bottom of the sea.
det
Number=Sing|PronType=Dem
this
This
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Sing
movement
movement
NOUN
NN
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
fold
folded
VERB
VBD
compound
Number=Sing
rock
rock
NOUN
NN
obj
Number=Plur
layer
layers
NOUN
NNS
case
at
at
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
bottom
bottom
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nmod
Number=Sing
sea
sea
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (NN Heat) (CC and) (NN pressure)) (VP (VP (VBD transformed) (NP (DT the) (NN rock))) (CC and) (VP (VBD pushed) (NP (DT the) (NN material)) (ADVP (RB upwards)))) (. .)))
Heat and pressure transformed the rock and pushed the material upwards.
nsubj
Number=Sing
heat
Heat
NOUN
NN
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Number=Sing
pressure
pressure
NOUN
NN
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
transform
transformed
VERB
VBD
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
rock
rock
NOUN
NN
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
push
pushed
VERB
VBD
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
material
material
NOUN
NN
advmod
upwards
upwards
ADV
RB
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (NN Today)) (NP (DT these) (NNS regions)) (VP (VBP are) (NP (NP (DT the) (JJS highest) (NNS parts)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (NNPS Alps))))) (. .)))
Today these regions are the highest parts of the Alps.
obl:tmod
Number=Sing
today
Today
NOUN
NN
det
Number=Plur|PronType=Dem
this
these
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Plur
region
regions
NOUN
NNS
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Sup
high
highest
ADJ
JJS
root
Number=Plur
part
parts
NOUN
NNS
case
of
of
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nmod
Number=Plur
Alps
Alps
PROPN
NNPS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (S (NP (NP (JJS Most)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (ADJP (RB newly) (VBN formed)) (NN rock)))) (VP (VBZ is) (NP (NN granite) (CC and) (NN gneiss)))) (, ,) (CC but) (S (NP (JJ many) (NNS ranges)) (VP (VBP consist) (PP (IN of) (NP (NP (NN limestone)) (SBAR (WHNP (WDT which)) (S (ADVP (RB also)) (VP (VBD formed) (PP (IN on) (NP (DT the) (NN seabed)))))))))) (. .)))
Most of the newly formed rock is granite and gneiss, but many ranges consist of limestone which also formed on the seabed.
nsubj
Degree=Sup
most
Most
ADJ
JJS
case
of
of
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
advmod
newly
newly
ADV
RB
amod
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part
form
formed
VERB
VBN
nmod
Number=Sing
rock
rock
NOUN
NN
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
AUX
VBZ
root
Number=Sing
granite
granite
NOUN
NN
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Number=Sing
gneiss
gneiss
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
cc
but
but
CCONJ
CC
amod
Degree=Pos
many
many
ADJ
JJ
nsubj
Number=Plur
range
ranges
NOUN
NNS
conj
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
consist
consist
VERB
VBP
case
of
of
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Sing
limestone
limestone
NOUN
NN
nsubj
PronType=Rel
which
which
PRON
WDT
advmod
also
also
ADV
RB
acl:relcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
form
formed
VERB
VBD
case
on
on
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
seabed
seabed
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (PP (IN During) (NP (NP (DT the) (NNP Ice) (NNP Age)) (, ,) (SBAR (WHNP (WDT which)) (S (VP (VBD started) (ADVP (NP (QP (RB about) (DT a) (CD million)) (NNS years)) (RB ago))))))) (, ,) (NP (DT the) (NNPS Alps)) (VP (VBD were) (VP (VBN covered) (PP (IN with) (NP (NP (DT a) (JJ thick) (NN blanket)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN snow))))))) (. .)))
During the Ice Age, which started about a million years ago, the Alps were covered with a thick blanket of snow.
case
during
During
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
compound
Number=Sing
Ice
Ice
PROPN
NNP
obl
Number=Sing
Age
Age
PROPN
NNP
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nsubj
PronType=Rel
which
which
PRON
WDT
acl:relcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
start
started
VERB
VBD
advmod
about
about
ADV
RB
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
nummod
NumForm=Word|NumType=Card
million
million
NUM
CD
obl:tmod
Number=Plur
year
years
NOUN
NNS
advmod
ago
ago
ADV
RB
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nsubj:pass
Number=Plur
Alps
Alps
PROPN
NNPS
aux:pass
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
be
were
AUX
VBD
root
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
cover
covered
VERB
VBN
case
with
with
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
thick
thick
ADJ
JJ
obl
Number=Sing
blanket
blanket
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
snow
snow
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (NNS Glaciers)) (VP (VP (VBD moved) (ADVP (RB down)) (NP (NNS valleys))) (CC and) (VP (VBD made) (S (NP (PRP them)) (ADJP (JJR wider) (CC and) (JJR deeper))))) (. .)))
Glaciers moved down valleys and made them wider and deeper.
nsubj
Number=Plur
glacier
Glaciers
NOUN
NNS
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
move
moved
VERB
VBD
advmod
down
down
ADV
RB
obj
Number=Plur
valley
valleys
NOUN
NNS
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
make
made
VERB
VBD
obj
Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
them
PRON
PRP
xcomp
Degree=Cmp
wide
wider
ADJ
JJR
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Degree=Cmp
deep
deeper
ADJ
JJR
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (SBAR (IN As) (S (NP (PRP they)) (VP (VBD moved)))) (NP (PRP they)) (VP (VBD took) (NP (NP (NN rock)) (CC and) (NP (JJ other) (NN material))) (PP (IN with) (NP (PRP them))) (, ,) (S (VP (VBG creating) (NP (NNS moraines))))) (. .)))
As they moved they took rock and other material with them, creating moraines.
mark
as
As
SCONJ
IN
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
they
PRON
PRP
advcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
move
moved
VERB
VBD
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
they
PRON
PRP
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
take
took
VERB
VBD
obj
Number=Sing
rock
rock
NOUN
NN
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
amod
Degree=Pos
other
other
ADJ
JJ
conj
Number=Sing
material
material
NOUN
NN
case
with
with
ADP
IN
obl
Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
them
PRON
PRP
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
advcl
VerbForm=Ger
create
creating
VERB
VBG
obj
Number=Plur
moraine
moraines
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (SBAR (WHADVP (WRB When)) (S (NP (NNS glaciers)) (VP (VP (VBD started) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB melt) (NP (NP (NN water)) (VP (VBN filled) (PRT (RP up)) (PP (IN behind) (NP (DT these) (JJ natural) (NNS dams))))))))) (CC and) (VP (VBD created) (NP (DT the) (JJ alpine) (NNS lakes)))))) (NP (PRP we)) (VP (VBP know) (NP (NN today))) (. .)))
When glaciers started to melt water filled up behind these natural dams and created the alpine lakes we know today.
advmod
PronType=Int
when
When
ADV
WRB
nsubj
Number=Plur
glacier
glaciers
NOUN
NNS
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
start
started
VERB
VBD
mark
to
to
PART
TO
xcomp
VerbForm=Inf
melt
melt
VERB
VB
obj
Number=Sing
water
water
NOUN
NN
xcomp
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part
fill
filled
VERB
VBN
compound:prt
up
up
ADP
RP
case
behind
behind
ADP
IN
det
Number=Plur|PronType=Dem
this
these
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
natural
natural
ADJ
JJ
obl
Number=Plur
dam
dams
NOUN
NNS
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
create
created
VERB
VBD
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
alpine
alpine
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Plur
lake
lakes
NOUN
NNS
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs
we
we
PRON
PRP
acl:relcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
know
know
VERB
VBP
obl:tmod
Number=Sing
today
today
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (NP (NP (DT The) (JJS largest)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT these) (NNS glaciers)))) (VP (VBZ is) (NP (NP (NP (DT the) (NNP Aletsch)) (PP (IN in) (NP (NNP Switzerland)))) (SBAR (WHNP (WDT which)) (S (VP (VBZ reaches) (NP (NP (DT a) (NN length)) (PP (IN of) (NP (QP (RB about) (CD 25)) (NNS km))))))))) (. .)))
The largest of these glaciers is the Aletsch in Switzerland which reaches a length of about 25 km.
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
The
DET
DT
nsubj
Degree=Sup
large
largest
ADJ
JJS
case
of
of
ADP
IN
det
Number=Plur|PronType=Dem
this
these
DET
DT
nmod
Number=Plur
glacier
glaciers
NOUN
NNS
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
AUX
VBZ
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
root
Number=Sing
Aletsch
Aletsch
PROPN
NNP
case
in
in
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
Switzerland
Switzerland
PROPN
NNP
nsubj
PronType=Rel
which
which
PRON
WDT
acl:relcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
reach
reaches
VERB
VBZ
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
length
length
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
advmod
about
about
ADV
RB
nummod
NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card
25
25
NUM
CD
nmod
Number=Plur
kilometer
km
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (NP (DT The) (JJS longest) (NN glacier)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (JJ eastern) (NNPS Alps)))) (VP (VBZ is) (NP (NP (NP (DT the) (NML (CD 8) (NN km))) (JJ long) (NP (NNP Pasterze))) (, ,) (PP (IN at) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN foot)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (NNP GroBglockner))))))) (. .)))
The longest glacier of the eastern Alps is the 8 km long Pasterze, at the foot of the GroBglockner.
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
The
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Sup
long
longest
ADJ
JJS
nsubj
Number=Sing
glacier
glacier
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
eastern
eastern
ADJ
JJ
nmod
Number=Plur
Alps
Alps
PROPN
NNPS
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
AUX
VBZ
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nummod
NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card
8
8
NUM
CD
obl:npmod
Number=Sing
kilometer
km
NOUN
NN
amod
Degree=Pos
long
long
ADJ
JJ
root
Number=Sing
Pasterze
Pasterze
PROPN
NNP
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
case
at
at
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nmod
Number=Sing
foot
foot
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nmod
Number=Sing
GroBglockner
GroBglockner
PROPN
NNP
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (NP (NP (DT The) (NN ice) (CC and) (NN snow)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (NN alpine) (NNS regions)))) (VP (VBD helped) (S (VP (VB create) (NP (NP (NP (DT the) (JJ large) (NNS rivers)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN today)))) (: :) (NP (NP (DT the) (NNP Rhine)) (, ,) (NP (NNP Rhone)) (, ,) (NP (NNP Danube)) (CC and) (NP (DT the) (NNP Po))))))) (. .)))
The ice and snow of the alpine regions helped create the large rivers of today: the Rhine, Rhone, Danube and the Po.
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
The
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Sing
ice
ice
NOUN
NN
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Number=Sing
snow
snow
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
compound
Number=Sing
alpine
alpine
NOUN
NN
nmod
Number=Plur
region
regions
NOUN
NNS
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
help
helped
VERB
VBD
xcomp
VerbForm=Inf
create
create
VERB
VB
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
large
large
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Plur
river
rivers
NOUN
NNS
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
today
today
NOUN
NN
punct
:
:
PUNCT
:
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
appos
Number=Sing
Rhine
Rhine
PROPN
NNP
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
conj
Number=Sing
Rhone
Rhone
PROPN
NNP
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
conj
Number=Sing
Danube
Danube
PROPN
NNP
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
conj
Number=Sing
Po
Po
PROPN
NNP
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
The Alps are the youngest and highest mountain system in Europe. They stretch across the western and southern part of the continent in a broad arc. The mountain range starts near the Mediterranean Sea on the border between France and Italy. Then it curves north and eastward through northern Italy, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, southern Germany, Austria and Slovenia.  The Alps are about 1,000 km long, and the broadest section is over 260 km wide. The highest peak, Mont Blanc, situated on the border between France, Italy and Switzerland, rises 4,807 meters above sea level. Other famous peaks are the Monte Rosa, the Matterhorn, the GroBglockner and the Zugspitze.  Millions of years ago the area of today's Alps was covered by a large sea that separated Europe and Africa. The southern land mass started moving northwards. This movement folded rock layers at the bottom of the sea. Heat and pressure transformed the rock and pushed the material upwards. Today these regions are the highest parts of the Alps. Most of the newly formed rock is granite and gneiss, but many ranges consist of limestone which also formed on the seabed.  During the Ice Age, which started about a million years ago, the Alps were covered with a thick blanket of snow. Glaciers moved down valleys and made them wider and deeper. As they moved they took rock and other material with them, creating moraines. When glaciers started to melt water filled up behind these natural dams and created the alpine lakes we know today.  The largest of these glaciers is the Aletsch in Switzerland which reaches a length of about 25 km. The longest glacier of the eastern Alps is the 8 km long Pasterze, at the foot of the GroBglockner.  The ice and snow of the alpine regions helped create the large rivers of today: the Rhine, Rhone, Danube and the Po.