(ROOT (S (S (ADJP (JJ Different) (PP (IN from) (NP (JJ popular) (NNS thoughts))))) (, ,) (NP (NNS colds)) (VP (VBP are) (RB not) (VP (VBN caused) (PP (IN by) (NP (JJ bad) (NN weather))))) (. .)))
Different from popular thoughts, colds are not caused by bad weather.
advcl
Degree=Pos
different
Different
ADJ
JJ
case
from
from
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
popular
popular
ADJ
JJ
obl
Number=Plur
thought
thoughts
NOUN
NNS
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nsubj:pass
Number=Plur
cold
colds
NOUN
NNS
aux:pass
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
advmod
not
not
PART
RB
root
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
cause
caused
VERB
VBN
case
by
by
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
bad
bad
ADJ
JJ
obl
Number=Sing
weather
weather
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (S (NP (NNS Colds)) (VP (VBP are) (VP (VBN caused) (PP (IN by) (NP (NP (NNS viruses)) (PP (IN in) (NP (DT the) (NN body)))))))) (, ,) (CC and) (S (NP (PRP you)) (VP (VBP are) (ADJP (ADJP (JJR better) (RP out) (PP (IN on) (NP (DT the) (JJ snowy) (NN day)))) (SBAR (IN than) (S (NP (PRP you)) (VP (VBP are) (PP (IN in) (NP (DT a) (JJ warm) (NN room))) (, ,) (PP (IN with) (NP (NP (PRP$ your) (NNS friends)) (, ,) (SBAR (WHNP (WP who)) (S (ADVP (RB just)) (VP (MD may) (VP (VB be) (VP (VBG passing) (NP (DT the) (NN virus)) (ADVP (RB around))))))))))))))) (. .)))
Colds are caused by viruses in the body, and you are better out on the snowy day than you are in a warm room, with your friends, who just may be passing the virus around.
nsubj:pass
Number=Plur
cold
Colds
NOUN
NNS
aux:pass
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
root
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
cause
caused
VERB
VBN
case
by
by
ADP
IN
obl:agent
Number=Plur
virus
viruses
NOUN
NNS
case
in
in
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nmod
Number=Sing
body
body
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
nsubj
Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs
you
you
PRON
PRP
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
conj
Degree=Cmp
good
better
ADJ
JJR
advmod
out
out
ADP
RP
case
on
on
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
snowy
snowy
ADJ
JJ
obl
Number=Sing
day
day
NOUN
NN
mark
than
than
SCONJ
IN
nsubj
Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs
you
you
PRON
PRP
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
case
in
in
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
warm
warm
ADJ
JJ
advcl
Number=Sing
room
room
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
case
with
with
ADP
IN
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
your
your
PRON
PRP$
nmod
Number=Plur
friend
friends
NOUN
NNS
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nsubj
PronType=Rel
who
who
PRON
WP
advmod
just
just
ADV
RB
aux
VerbForm=Fin
may
may
AUX
MD
aux
VerbForm=Inf
be
be
AUX
VB
acl:relcl
Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part
pass
passing
VERB
VBG
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
virus
virus
NOUN
NN
compound:prt
around
around
ADV
RB
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (SBAR (IN If) (S (NP (PRP you)) (VP (VBP feel) (NP (DT a) (NN chill)) (SBAR (WHADVP (WRB when)) (S (NP (PRP you)) (VP (VBP are) (VP (VBG coming) (ADVP (RB down)) (PP (IN with) (NP (DT a) (NN cold)))))))))) (, ,) (NP (PRP you)) (VP (VBP are) (ADVP (RB already)) (ADJP (JJ sick))) (. .)))
If you feel a chill when you are coming down with a cold, you are already sick.
mark
if
If
SCONJ
IN
nsubj
Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs
you
you
PRON
PRP
advcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
feel
feel
VERB
VBP
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
chill
chill
NOUN
NN
advmod
PronType=Int
when
when
ADV
WRB
nsubj
Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs
you
you
PRON
PRP
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
advcl
Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part
come
coming
VERB
VBG
advmod
down
down
ADV
RB
case
with
with
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
cold
cold
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nsubj
Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs
you
you
PRON
PRP
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
advmod
already
already
ADV
RB
root
Degree=Pos
sick
sick
ADJ
JJ
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (DT A) (NN chill)) (VP (VBZ is) (NP (NP (DT an) (JJ early) (NN sign)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (NN cold))))) (. .)))
A chill is an early sign of the cold.
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
A
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Sing
chill
chill
NOUN
NN
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
AUX
VBZ
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
an
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
early
early
ADJ
JJ
root
Number=Sing
sign
sign
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nmod
Number=Sing
cold
cold
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (NP (DT The) (NN virus)) (VP (MD can) (VP (VB spread) (PP (IN through) (NP (NN air))) (SBAR (WHADVP (WRB when)) (NP (DT a) (NML (JJ cold) (HYPH -) (NN sufferer)) (NNS coughs) (CC or) (VBZ sneezes))))) (. .)))
The virus can spread through air when a cold - sufferer coughs or sneezes.
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
The
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Sing
virus
virus
NOUN
NN
aux
VerbForm=Fin
can
can
AUX
MD
root
VerbForm=Inf
spread
spread
VERB
VB
case
through
through
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Sing
air
air
NOUN
NN
advmod
PronType=Int
when
when
ADV
WRB
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
cold
cold
ADJ
JJ
punct
-
-
PUNCT
HYPH
compound
Number=Sing
sufferer
sufferer
NOUN
NN
advcl
Number=Plur
cough
coughs
NOUN
NNS
cc
or
or
CCONJ
CC
conj
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
sneeze
sneezes
VERB
VBZ
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (S (ADVP (RB Surprisingly)) (, ,) (NP (DT this)) (VP (VBZ is) (RB not) (NP (NP (DT the) (ADJP (RBS most) (JJ usual)) (NN way)) (PP (IN of) (S (VP (VBG spreading))))))) (, ,) (NP (JJ Many) (NNS studies)) (VP (VBP have) (ADVP (RB now)) (VP (VBN shown) (SBAR (IN that) (S (NP (JJS most) (NNS colds)) (VP (VBP are) (VP (`` ``) (VBN caught) ('' '') (PP (IN by) (NP (NNS hands))))))))) (. .)))
Surprisingly, this is not the most usual way of spreading, Many studies have now shown that most colds are "caught" by hands.
advmod
surprisingly
Surprisingly
ADV
RB
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nsubj
Number=Sing|PronType=Dem
this
this
PRON
DT
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
AUX
VBZ
advmod
not
not
PART
RB
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
advmod
Degree=Sup
most
most
ADV
RBS
amod
Degree=Pos
usual
usual
ADJ
JJ
root
Number=Sing
way
way
NOUN
NN
mark
of
of
SCONJ
IN
acl
VerbForm=Ger
spread
spreading
VERB
VBG
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
amod
Degree=Pos
many
Many
ADJ
JJ
nsubj
Number=Plur
study
studies
NOUN
NNS
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
have
have
AUX
VBP
advmod
now
now
ADV
RB
parataxis
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part
show
shown
VERB
VBN
mark
that
that
SCONJ
IN
amod
Degree=Sup
most
most
ADJ
JJS
nsubj:pass
Number=Plur
cold
colds
NOUN
NNS
aux:pass
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
punct
``
``
PUNCT
``
ccomp
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
catch
caught
VERB
VBN
punct
''
''
PUNCT
''
case
by
by
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Plur
hand
hands
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (DT A) (JJ cold) (HYPH -) (NN sufferer)) (VP (VBZ rubs) (NP (PRP$ her) (NN nose)) (, ,) (S (ADVP (RB so)) (VP (VBG spreading) (NP (DT the) (NN virus)) (PP (IN to) (NP (PRP$ her) (NN hand)))))) (. .)))
A cold - sufferer rubs her nose, so spreading the virus to her hand.
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
A
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
cold
cold
ADJ
JJ
punct
-
-
PUNCT
HYPH
nsubj
Number=Sing
sufferer
sufferer
NOUN
NN
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
rub
rubs
VERB
VBZ
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
her
her
PRON
PRP$
obj
Number=Sing
nose
nose
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
advmod
so
so
ADV
RB
advcl
VerbForm=Ger
spread
spreading
VERB
VBG
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
virus
virus
NOUN
NN
case
to
to
ADP
IN
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
her
her
PRON
PRP$
obl
Number=Sing
hand
hand
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (ADVP (RB Then)) (NP (DT a) (NN friend)) (VP (VBZ comes) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB visit) (NP (PRP her)))))) (. .)))
Then a friend comes to visit her.
advmod
PronType=Dem
then
Then
ADV
RB
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Sing
friend
friend
NOUN
NN
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
come
comes
VERB
VBZ
mark
to
to
PART
TO
advcl
VerbForm=Inf
visit
visit
VERB
VB
obj
Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs
her
her
PRON
PRP
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (PRP They)) (VP (VBP shake) (NP (PRP$ their) (NNS hands))) (. .)))
They shake their hands.
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
They
PRON
PRP
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
shake
shake
VERB
VBP
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
their
their
PRON
PRP$
obj
Number=Plur
hand
hands
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (S (NP (DT The) (NN friend)) (ADVP (RB then)) (VP (VBZ gets) (NP (NP (NN something)) (SBAR (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB eat)))))) (PP (IN by) (NP (NN hand))))) (, ,) (CC and) (S (ADVP (NP (JJ several) (NNS days)) (RBR later)) (NP (PRP she)) (VP (VBZ catches) (NP (DT a) (NN cold)))) (. .)))
The friend then gets something to eat by hand, and several days later she catches a cold.
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
The
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Sing
friend
friend
NOUN
NN
advmod
PronType=Dem
then
then
ADV
RB
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
get
gets
VERB
VBZ
obj
Number=Sing|PronType=Ind
something
something
PRON
NN
mark
to
to
PART
TO
acl
VerbForm=Inf
eat
eat
VERB
VB
case
by
by
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Sing
hand
hand
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
amod
Degree=Pos
several
several
ADJ
JJ
obl:npmod
Number=Plur
day
days
NOUN
NNS
advmod
Degree=Cmp
late
later
ADV
RBR
nsubj
Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs
she
she
PRON
PRP
conj
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
catch
catches
VERB
VBZ
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
cold
cold
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (SBAR (IN Although) (S (NP (DT some) (NNS parents)) (VP (VP (VBP pick) (PRT (RP up)) (NP (NP (PRP$ their) (NNS children) (POS 's)) (NNS tissues))) (CC and) (ADVP (RB carefully)) (VP (VBP throw) (NP (PRP them)) (ADVP (RB away)))))) (, ,) (NP (PRP they)) (VP (VBP fail) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB wash) (NP (PRP$ their) (NNS hands)))))) (. .)))
Although some parents pick up their children's tissues and carefully throw them away, they fail to wash their hands.
mark
although
Although
SCONJ
IN
det
some
some
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Plur
parent
parents
NOUN
NNS
advcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
pick
pick
VERB
VBP
compound:prt
up
up
ADP
RP
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
their
their
PRON
PRP$
nmod:poss
Number=Plur
child
children
NOUN
NNS
case
's
's
PART
POS
obj
Number=Plur
tissue
tissues
NOUN
NNS
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
advmod
carefully
carefully
ADV
RB
conj
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
throw
throw
VERB
VBP
obj
Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
them
PRON
PRP
advmod
away
away
ADV
RB
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
they
PRON
PRP
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
fail
fail
VERB
VBP
mark
to
to
PART
TO
xcomp
VerbForm=Inf
wash
wash
VERB
VB
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
their
their
PRON
PRP$
obj
Number=Plur
hand
hands
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (PRP They)) (VP (MD 'll) (VP (VB catch) (NP (DT the) (NNS colds)) (, ,) (ADVP (RB too)))) (. .)))
They'll catch the colds, too.
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
They
PRON
PRP
aux
VerbForm=Fin
will
'll
AUX
MD
root
VerbForm=Inf
catch
catch
VERB
VB
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obj
Number=Plur
cold
colds
NOUN
NNS
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
advmod
too
too
ADV
RB
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (NP (JJ Cold) (NNS viruses)) (VP (MD can) (ADVP (RB also)) (VP (VB be) (VP (VBN spread) (PP (IN by) (NP (NP (NNS objects)) (, ,) (PP (IN for) (NP (NN example))) (, ,) (NP (NNS telephones)) (, ,) (NP (NNS plates))))))) (. .)))
Cold viruses can also be spread by objects, for example, telephones, plates.
amod
Degree=Pos
cold
Cold
ADJ
JJ
nsubj:pass
Number=Plur
virus
viruses
NOUN
NNS
aux
VerbForm=Fin
can
can
AUX
MD
advmod
also
also
ADV
RB
aux:pass
VerbForm=Inf
be
be
AUX
VB
root
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
spread
spread
VERB
VBN
case
by
by
ADP
IN
obl:agent
Number=Plur
object
objects
NOUN
NNS
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
case
for
for
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
example
example
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
parataxis
Number=Plur
telephone
telephones
NOUN
NNS
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
conj
Number=Plur
plate
plates
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (NP (DT The) (JJ cold) (HYPH -) (NN sufferer)) (CONJP (RB as) (RB well) (IN as)) (NP (NP (JJ other) (NNS members)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (NN house))))) (, ,) (PP (IN by) (S (VP (VBG washing) (NP (PRP$ their) (NNS hands)) (ADVP (RB often))))) (, ,) (VP (MD will) (VP (VB stop) (NP (DT the) (NNS viruses)) (PP (IN from) (S (VP (VBG spreading) (PP (IN in) (NP (DT a) (NN way)))))))) (. .)))
The cold - sufferer as well as other members of the house, by washing their hands often, will stop the viruses from spreading in a way.
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
The
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
cold
cold
ADJ
JJ
punct
-
-
PUNCT
HYPH
nsubj
Number=Sing
sufferer
sufferer
NOUN
NN
cc
as
as
ADV
RB
fixed
Degree=Pos
well
well
ADV
RB
fixed
as
as
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
other
other
ADJ
JJ
conj
Number=Plur
member
members
NOUN
NNS
case
of
of
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nmod
Number=Sing
house
house
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
mark
by
by
SCONJ
IN
advcl
VerbForm=Ger
wash
washing
VERB
VBG
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
their
their
PRON
PRP$
obj
Number=Plur
hand
hands
NOUN
NNS
advmod
often
often
ADV
RB
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
aux
VerbForm=Fin
will
will
AUX
MD
root
VerbForm=Inf
stop
stop
VERB
VB
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obj
Number=Plur
virus
viruses
NOUN
NNS
mark
from
from
SCONJ
IN
advcl
VerbForm=Ger
spread
spreading
VERB
VBG
case
in
in
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
way
way
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
Different from popular thoughts, colds are not caused by bad weather. Colds are caused by viruses in the body, and you are better out on the snowy day than you are in a warm room, with your friends, who just may be passing the virus around. If you feel a chill when you are coming down with a cold, you are already sick. A chill is an early sign of the cold.  The virus can spread through air when a cold - sufferer coughs or sneezes. Surprisingly, this is not the most usual way of spreading, Many studies have now shown that most colds are "caught" by hands. A cold - sufferer rubs her nose, so spreading the virus to her hand. Then a friend comes to visit her. They shake their hands. The friend then gets something to eat by hand, and several days later she catches a cold. Although some parents pick up their children's tissues and carefully throw them away, they fail to wash their hands. They'll catch the colds, too.  Cold viruses can also be spread by objects, for example, telephones, plates. The cold - sufferer as well as other members of the house, by washing their hands often, will stop the viruses from spreading in a way.