(ROOT (S (NP (JJ Cross-country) (NN skiing)) (VP (MD can) (VP (VB be) (VP (VBN enjoyed) (PP (IN by) (NP (NP (DT a) (JJ wide) (NN range)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NNS students))) (, ,) (PP (PP (IN from) (NP (DT the) (JJS youngest) (NNS kindergartners))) (PP (IN to) (NP (DT those) (JJ secondary) (NNS students))))))))) (. .)))
Cross-country skiing can be enjoyed by a wide range of students, from the youngest kindergartners to those secondary students.
amod
Degree=Pos
Cross-country
Cross-country
ADJ
JJ
nsubj:pass
Number=Sing
ski
skiing
NOUN
NN
aux
VerbForm=Fin
can
can
AUX
MD
aux:pass
VerbForm=Inf
be
be
AUX
VB
root
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
enjoy
enjoyed
VERB
VBN
case
by
by
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
wide
wide
ADJ
JJ
obl:agent
Number=Sing
range
range
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Plur
student
students
NOUN
NNS
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
case
from
from
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Sup
young
youngest
ADJ
JJS
obl
Number=Plur
kindergartner
kindergartners
NOUN
NNS
case
to
to
ADP
IN
det
Number=Plur|PronType=Dem
that
those
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
secondary
secondary
ADJ
JJ
nmod
Number=Plur
student
students
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (PRP It)) (VP (VBZ is) (ADVP (RB really)) (NP (DT a) (JJ fun) (NN activity)) (, ,) (S (VP (VBG providing) (NP (NNS students)) (NP (DT a) (JJ gentle) (NN workout)) (ADVP (RB outside) (PP (IN in) (NP (NN winter))))))) (. .)))
It is really a fun activity, providing students a gentle workout outside in winter.
nsubj
Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs
it
It
PRON
PRP
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
AUX
VBZ
advmod
really
really
ADV
RB
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
fun
fun
ADJ
JJ
root
Number=Sing
activity
activity
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
advcl
VerbForm=Ger
provide
providing
VERB
VBG
iobj
Number=Plur
student
students
NOUN
NNS
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
gentle
gentle
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Sing
workout
workout
NOUN
NN
advmod
outside
outside
ADV
RB
case
in
in
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Sing
winter
winter
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (SBAR (IN While) (S (VP (VBG having) (NP (NN fun))))) (, ,) (NP (NNS students)) (VP (MD can) (VP (VB gain) (NP (ADJP (JJ physical) (CC and) (JJ mental)) (NNS benefits)))) (. .)))
While having fun, students can gain physical and mental benefits.
mark
while
While
SCONJ
IN
advcl
VerbForm=Ger
have
having
VERB
VBG
obj
Number=Sing
fun
fun
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nsubj
Number=Plur
student
students
NOUN
NNS
aux
VerbForm=Fin
can
can
AUX
MD
root
VerbForm=Inf
gain
gain
VERB
VB
amod
Degree=Pos
physical
physical
ADJ
JJ
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Degree=Pos
mental
mental
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Plur
benefit
benefits
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (NP (NP (DT The) (JJ physical) (NNS benefits)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN cross-country) (NN skiing)))) (VP (VBP are) (ADJP (RB well) (VBN known))) (. .)))
The physical benefits of cross-country skiing are well known.
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
The
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
physical
physical
ADJ
JJ
nsubj:pass
Number=Plur
benefit
benefits
NOUN
NNS
case
of
of
ADP
IN
compound
Number=Sing
cross-country
cross-country
NOUN
NN
nmod
Number=Sing
ski
skiing
NOUN
NN
aux:pass
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
advmod
Degree=Pos
well
well
ADV
RB
root
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
know
known
VERB
VBN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (SBAR (IN If) (S (NP (PRP we)) (VP (VBP look) (PP (IN at) (NP (NML (JJ Olympic) (JJ cross-) (NN country)) (NNS skiers)))))) (, ,) (NP (PRP we)) (VP (MD can) (VP (VB see) (NP (NP (DT the) (JJ positive) (NNS effects)) (PP (IN on) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN body)) (SBAR (WHNP (WDT that)) (S (VP (VBP result) (PP (IN from) (S (VP (NN training) (PP (IN for) (NP (NN cross-country) (NN skiing)))))))))))))) (. .)))
If we look at Olympic cross- country skiers, we can see the positive effects on the body that result from training for cross-country skiing.
mark
if
If
SCONJ
IN
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs
we
we
PRON
PRP
advcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
look
look
VERB
VBP
case
at
at
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
Olympic
Olympic
ADJ
JJ
amod
Degree=Pos
cross-
cross-
ADJ
JJ
compound
Number=Sing
country
country
NOUN
NN
obl
Number=Plur
skier
skiers
NOUN
NNS
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs
we
we
PRON
PRP
aux
VerbForm=Fin
can
can
AUX
MD
root
VerbForm=Inf
see
see
VERB
VB
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
positive
positive
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Plur
effect
effects
NOUN
NNS
case
on
on
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nmod
Number=Sing
body
body
NOUN
NN
nsubj
PronType=Rel
that
that
PRON
WDT
acl:relcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
result
result
VERB
VBP
case
from
from
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Sing
training
training
NOUN
NN
case
for
for
ADP
IN
compound
Number=Sing
cross-country
cross-country
NOUN
NN
nmod
Number=Sing
ski
skiing
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (S (NP (DT The) (JJ average) (JJS best) (JJ female) (JJ cross-country) (NN skier)) (VP (VBZ carries) (NP (NML (CD 11) (NN percent)) (NN body) (NN fat)))) (, ,) (CC and) (S (NP (JJS best) (JJ male) (NNS skiers)) (VP (VBP carry) (NP (CD 5) (NN percent)))) (. .)))
The average best female cross-country skier carries 11 percent body fat, and best male skiers carry 5 percent.
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
The
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
average
average
ADJ
JJ
amod
Degree=Sup
good
best
ADJ
JJS
amod
Degree=Pos
female
female
ADJ
JJ
amod
Degree=Pos
cross-country
cross-country
ADJ
JJ
nsubj
Number=Sing
skier
skier
NOUN
NN
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
carry
carries
VERB
VBZ
nummod
NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card
11
11
NUM
CD
nmod:npmod
Number=Sing
percent
percent
NOUN
NN
compound
Number=Sing
body
body
NOUN
NN
obj
Number=Sing
fat
fat
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
amod
Degree=Sup
good
best
ADJ
JJS
amod
Degree=Pos
male
male
ADJ
JJ
nsubj
Number=Plur
skier
skiers
NOUN
NNS
conj
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
carry
carry
VERB
VBP
nummod
NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card
5
5
NUM
CD
obj
Number=Sing
percent
percent
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (DT These) (NNS percentages)) (VP (VBP are) (PP (ADVP (RB well)) (IN below) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN average)) (PP (IN for) (NP (NP (NNS people)) (SBAR (WHNP (WP who)) (S (VP (VBP are) (VP (VBN considered) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB be) (NP (NP (NP (JJ athletic-17) (NN percent)) (PP (IN for) (NP (NNS females)))) (CC and) (NP (NP (CD 10) (NN percent)) (PP (IN for) (NP (NNS males))))))))))))))))) (. .)))
These percentages are well below the average for people who are considered to be athletic-17 percent for females and 10 percent for males.
det
Number=Plur|PronType=Dem
this
These
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Plur
percentage
percentages
NOUN
NNS
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
advmod
Degree=Pos
well
well
ADV
RB
case
below
below
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
root
Number=Sing
average
average
NOUN
NN
case
for
for
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Plur
person
people
NOUN
NNS
nsubj:pass
PronType=Rel
who
who
PRON
WP
aux:pass
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
acl:relcl
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
consider
considered
VERB
VBN
mark
to
to
PART
TO
cop
VerbForm=Inf
be
be
AUX
VB
amod
Degree=Pos
athletic-17
athletic-17
ADJ
JJ
xcomp
Number=Sing
percent
percent
NOUN
NN
case
for
for
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Plur
female
females
NOUN
NNS
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
nummod
NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card
10
10
NUM
CD
conj
Number=Sing
percent
percent
NOUN
NN
case
for
for
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Plur
male
males
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NP (NP (NP (DT The) (JJ high) (NN number)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NNS calories)))) (VP (VBN burned) (SBAR (IN while) (S (NP (NN skiing)) (VP (VBZ helps) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB keep) (NP (NNS skiers)) (S (ADJP (JJ slim))) (PP (IN in) (NP (DT a) (ADJP (JJ healthy) (CC and) (JJ attractive)) (NN way)))))))))) (. .)))
The high number of calories burned while skiing helps to keep skiers slim in a healthy and attractive way.
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
The
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
high
high
ADJ
JJ
nsubj
Number=Sing
number
number
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Plur
calorie
calories
NOUN
NNS
acl
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part
burn
burned
VERB
VBN
mark
while
while
SCONJ
IN
advcl
Number=Sing
ski
skiing
NOUN
NN
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
help
helps
VERB
VBZ
mark
to
to
PART
TO
xcomp
VerbForm=Inf
keep
keep
VERB
VB
obj
Number=Plur
skier
skiers
NOUN
NNS
xcomp
Degree=Pos
slim
slim
ADJ
JJ
case
in
in
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
healthy
healthy
ADJ
JJ
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Degree=Pos
attractive
attractive
ADJ
JJ
obl
Number=Sing
way
way
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (NP (NN Cross-country) (NN skiing)) (VP (VBZ is) (ADVP (RB also)) (NP (NP (DT an) (JJ efficient) (NN way)) (SBAR (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB exercise) (NP (NP (DT a) (JJ large) (NN number)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NNS muscles)))) (PP (IN at) (ADVP (RB once))))))))) (. .)))
Cross-country skiing is also an efficient way to exercise a large number of muscles at once.
compound
Number=Sing
cross-country
Cross-country
NOUN
NN
nsubj
Number=Sing
ski
skiing
NOUN
NN
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
AUX
VBZ
advmod
also
also
ADV
RB
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
an
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
efficient
efficient
ADJ
JJ
root
Number=Sing
way
way
NOUN
NN
mark
to
to
PART
TO
acl
VerbForm=Inf
exercise
exercise
VERB
VB
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
large
large
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Sing
number
number
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Plur
muscle
muscles
NOUN
NNS
case
at
at
ADP
IN
obl
NumType=Mult
once
once
ADV
RB
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (SBAR (IN Because) (S (NP (NNS skiers)) (VP (VBP use) (NP (NN ski) (NNS poles)) (PP (IN as) (NP (NP (DT a) (NN means)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN propulsion)))))))) (, ,) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN force)) (SBAR (WHNP (WDT that)) (S (VP (VBZ drives) (NP (NNS skiers)) (ADVP (RB forward)))))) (, ,) (NP (DT the) (JJ upper) (NN body)) (VP (VBZ gets) (NP (ADJP (RB much) (JJR more)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN workout))))) (. .)))
Because skiers use ski poles as a means of propulsion, the force that drives skiers forward, the upper body gets much more of workout.
mark
because
Because
SCONJ
IN
nsubj
Number=Plur
skier
skiers
NOUN
NNS
advcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
use
use
VERB
VBP
compound
Number=Sing
ski
ski
NOUN
NN
obj
Number=Plur
pole
poles
NOUN
NNS
case
as
as
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
means
means
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
propulsion
propulsion
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
dislocated
Number=Sing
force
force
NOUN
NN
nsubj
PronType=Rel
that
that
PRON
WDT
acl:relcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
drive
drives
VERB
VBZ
obj
Number=Plur
skier
skiers
NOUN
NNS
advmod
forward
forward
ADV
RB
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
upper
upper
ADJ
JJ
nsubj
Number=Sing
body
body
NOUN
NN
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
get
gets
VERB
VBZ
advmod
much
much
ADV
RB
obj
Degree=Cmp
more
more
ADJ
JJR
case
of
of
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Sing
workout
workout
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (ADVP (IN Of) (NN course)) (, ,) (NP (DT the) (NN leg) (NNS muscles)) (ADVP (RB also)) (VP (VBP do) (NP (PRP$ their) (JJ fair) (NN share))) (. .)))
Of course, the leg muscles also do their fair share.
advmod
of
Of
ADV
IN
fixed
Number=Sing
course
course
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
compound
Number=Sing
leg
leg
NOUN
NN
nsubj
Number=Plur
muscle
muscles
NOUN
NNS
advmod
also
also
ADV
RB
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
do
do
VERB
VBP
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
their
their
PRON
PRP$
amod
Degree=Pos
fair
fair
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Sing
share
share
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (NP (NNS People)) (SBAR (WHNP (WP who)) (S (VP (VBP use) (NP (NN cross-country) (NN skiing)) (PP (IN as) (NP (DT a) (NN workout))) (PP (IN over) (NP (JJ several) (NNS weeks))))))) (VP (MD will) (VP (VB discover) (SBAR (IN that) (S (NP (NP (DT the) (NNS muscles)) (PP (IN of) (NP (PRP$ their) (JJ entire) (NN body)))) (VP (NN increase) (PP (IN in) (NP (NN strength)))))))) (. .)))
People who use cross-country skiing as a workout over several weeks will discover that the muscles of their entire body increase in strength.
nsubj
Number=Plur
person
People
NOUN
NNS
nsubj
PronType=Rel
who
who
PRON
WP
acl:relcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
use
use
VERB
VBP
compound
Number=Sing
cross-country
cross-country
NOUN
NN
obj
Number=Sing
ski
skiing
NOUN
NN
case
as
as
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
workout
workout
NOUN
NN
case
over
over
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
several
several
ADJ
JJ
obl
Number=Plur
week
weeks
NOUN
NNS
aux
VerbForm=Fin
will
will
AUX
MD
root
VerbForm=Inf
discover
discover
VERB
VB
mark
that
that
SCONJ
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obj
Number=Plur
muscle
muscles
NOUN
NNS
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
their
their
PRON
PRP$
amod
Degree=Pos
entire
entire
ADJ
JJ
compound
Number=Sing
body
body
NOUN
NN
nmod
Number=Sing
increase
increase
NOUN
NN
case
in
in
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
strength
strength
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (NP (NP (JJ Cross-country) (NN skiing)) (PP (IN on) (NP (DT a) (JJ regular) (NN basis)))) (VP (VBZ has) (NP (NP (DT a) (JJ tremendous) (NN effect)) (PP (IN on) (NP (NP (DT a) (NN person) (POS 's)) (JJ cardiovascular) (NN system))))) (. .)))
Cross-country skiing on a regular basis has a tremendous effect on a person's cardiovascular system.
amod
Degree=Pos
Cross-country
Cross-country
ADJ
JJ
nsubj
Number=Sing
ski
skiing
NOUN
NN
case
on
on
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
regular
regular
ADJ
JJ
nmod
Number=Sing
basis
basis
NOUN
NN
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
have
has
VERB
VBZ
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
tremendous
tremendous
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Sing
effect
effect
NOUN
NN
case
on
on
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
nmod:poss
Number=Sing
person
person
NOUN
NN
case
's
's
PART
POS
amod
Degree=Pos
cardiovascular
cardiovascular
ADJ
JJ
nmod
Number=Sing
system
system
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (PP (IN In) (NP (NP (NN addition)) (PP (IN to) (S (VP (VBG gaining) (NP (NP (NN strength)) (PP (IN in) (NP (NP (DT the) (NNS muscles)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (ADJP (JJ upper) (CC and) (JJR lower)) (NN body))))))))))) (, ,) (NP (NP (NNS people)) (SBAR (WHNP (WP who)) (S (VP (VBP use) (NP (NN cross-country) (NN skiing)) (PP (IN as) (NP (DT a) (NN workout) (NN method))) (PP (IN over) (NP (JJ several) (NNS weeks))))))) (VP (MD will) (ADVP (RB also)) (VP (VB discover) (SBAR (IN that) (S (NP (PRP$ their) (NN heart)) (VP (VBZ is) (ADJP (JJR stronger))))))) (. .)))
In addition to gaining strength in the muscles of the upper and lower body, people who use cross-country skiing as a workout method over several weeks will also discover that their heart is stronger.
case
in
In
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Sing
addition
addition
NOUN
NN
mark
to
to
SCONJ
IN
acl
VerbForm=Ger
gain
gaining
VERB
VBG
obj
Number=Sing
strength
strength
NOUN
NN
case
in
in
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obl
Number=Plur
muscle
muscles
NOUN
NNS
case
of
of
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
upper
upper
ADJ
JJ
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Degree=Cmp
low
lower
ADJ
JJR
nmod
Number=Sing
body
body
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nsubj
Number=Plur
person
people
NOUN
NNS
nsubj
PronType=Rel
who
who
PRON
WP
acl:relcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
use
use
VERB
VBP
compound
Number=Sing
cross-country
cross-country
NOUN
NN
obj
Number=Sing
ski
skiing
NOUN
NN
case
as
as
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
compound
Number=Sing
workout
workout
NOUN
NN
obl
Number=Sing
method
method
NOUN
NN
case
over
over
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
several
several
ADJ
JJ
nmod
Number=Plur
week
weeks
NOUN
NNS
aux
VerbForm=Fin
will
will
AUX
MD
advmod
also
also
ADV
RB
root
VerbForm=Inf
discover
discover
VERB
VB
mark
that
that
SCONJ
IN
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
their
their
PRON
PRP$
nsubj
Number=Sing
heart
heart
NOUN
NN
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
AUX
VBZ
ccomp
Degree=Cmp
strong
stronger
ADJ
JJR
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (DT A) (JJ strong) (NN heart) (NNS pumps)) (ADVP (RBR more) (RB efficiently)) (, ,) (S (VP (VBG sending) (PRT (RP out)) (NP (JJR more) (NN blood)) (PP (IN to) (NP (DT the) (NNS muscles))) (PP (IN with) (NP (DT each) (NN contraction))))) (. .)))
A strong heart pumps more efficiently, sending out more blood to the muscles with each contraction.
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
A
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
strong
strong
ADJ
JJ
compound
Number=Sing
heart
heart
NOUN
NN
root
Number=Plur
pump
pumps
NOUN
NNS
advmod
Degree=Cmp
more
more
ADV
RBR
advmod
efficiently
efficiently
ADV
RB
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
acl
VerbForm=Ger
send
sending
VERB
VBG
compound:prt
out
out
ADP
RP
amod
Degree=Cmp
more
more
ADJ
JJR
obj
Number=Sing
blood
blood
NOUN
NN
case
to
to
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obl
Number=Plur
muscle
muscles
NOUN
NNS
case
with
with
ADP
IN
det
each
each
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
contraction
contraction
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (PP (IN Through) (NP (NP (NNS weeks)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN skiing))))) (, ,) (NP (NNS people)) (ADVP (RB often)) (VP (VBP discover) (SBAR (IN that) (S (NP (PRP$ their) (NN resting) (NN heart) (NN rate)) (VP (VBZ has) (VP (VBN decreased)))))) (. .)))
Through weeks of skiing, people often discover that their resting heart rate has decreased.
case
through
Through
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Plur
week
weeks
NOUN
NNS
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
ski
skiing
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nsubj
Number=Plur
person
people
NOUN
NNS
advmod
Degree=Pos
often
often
ADV
RB
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
discover
discover
VERB
VBP
mark
that
that
SCONJ
IN
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
their
their
PRON
PRP$
amod
Number=Sing
resting
resting
NOUN
NN
compound
Number=Sing
heart
heart
NOUN
NN
nsubj
Number=Sing
rate
rate
NOUN
NN
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
have
has
AUX
VBZ
ccomp
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part
decrease
decreased
VERB
VBN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (ADJP (RB Highly) (VBN trained)) (JJ Olympic) (NN cross-country) (NNS skiers)) (VP (VBP have) (VP (VBG resting) (NP (NP (NN heart) (NNS rates)) (PP (IN between) (NP (QP (CD 28) (CC and) (CD 40)) (NNS beats)))) (PP (IN per) (NP (NN minute))))) (. .)))
Highly trained Olympic cross-country skiers have resting heart rates between 28 and 40 beats per minute.
advmod
highly
Highly
ADV
RB
amod
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part
train
trained
VERB
VBN
amod
Degree=Pos
Olympic
Olympic
ADJ
JJ
compound
Number=Sing
cross-country
cross-country
NOUN
NN
nsubj
Number=Plur
skier
skiers
NOUN
NNS
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
have
have
VERB
VBP
xcomp
Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part
rest
resting
VERB
VBG
compound
Number=Sing
heart
heart
NOUN
NN
obj
Number=Plur
rate
rates
NOUN
NNS
case
between
between
ADP
IN
nummod
NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card
28
28
NUM
CD
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card
40
40
NUM
CD
obl
Number=Plur
beat
beats
NOUN
NNS
case
per
per
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
minute
minute
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (VP (VB Compare) (NP (DT that)) (PP (IN to) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN resting) (NN heart) (NN rate)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NP (DT the) (JJ average) (NN person)) (, ,) (SBAR (WHNP (WDT which)) (S (VP (VBZ is) (NP (QP (CD 60) (IN to) (CD 80)) (NNS beats)) (PP (IN per) (NP (NN minute))))))))))) (. !)))
Compare that to the resting heart rate of the average person, which is 60 to 80 beats per minute!
root
Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin
compare
Compare
VERB
VB
obj
Number=Sing|PronType=Dem
that
that
PRON
DT
case
to
to
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Number=Sing
resting
resting
NOUN
NN
compound
Number=Sing
heart
heart
NOUN
NN
obl
Number=Sing
rate
rate
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
average
average
ADJ
JJ
nmod
Number=Sing
person
person
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nsubj
PronType=Rel
which
which
PRON
WDT
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
AUX
VBZ
nummod
NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card
60
60
NUM
CD
case
to
to
ADP
IN
nmod
NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card
80
80
NUM
CD
acl:relcl
Number=Plur
beat
beats
NOUN
NNS
case
per
per
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
minute
minute
NOUN
NN
punct
!
!
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (NP (NP (DT The) (NNS benefits)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN cross-country) (NN skiing)))) (VP (VBP extend) (PP (IN beyond) (NP (JJ overall) (JJ general) (NN health)))) (. .)))
The benefits of cross-country skiing extend beyond overall general health.
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
The
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Plur
benefit
benefits
NOUN
NNS
case
of
of
ADP
IN
compound
Number=Sing
cross-country
cross-country
NOUN
NN
nmod
Number=Sing
ski
skiing
NOUN
NN
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
extend
extend
VERB
VBP
case
beyond
beyond
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
overall
overall
ADJ
JJ
amod
Degree=Pos
general
general
ADJ
JJ
obl
Number=Sing
health
health
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (NP (DT A) (NN lot)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN evidence)))) (VP (VBZ exists) (S (VP (VBG indicating) (SBAR (IN that) (S (NP (JJ regular) (JJ physical) (NN activity)) (VP (VBZ increases) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN release)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NP (NN mood-lifting) (NNS endorphins)) (PP (IN in) (NP (DT the) (NN body)))))))))))) (. .)))
A lot of evidence exists indicating that regular physical activity increases the release of mood-lifting endorphins in the body.
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
A
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Sing
lot
lot
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
evidence
evidence
NOUN
NN
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
exist
exists
VERB
VBZ
advcl
VerbForm=Ger
indicate
indicating
VERB
VBG
mark
that
that
SCONJ
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
regular
regular
ADJ
JJ
amod
Degree=Pos
physical
physical
ADJ
JJ
nsubj
Number=Sing
activity
activity
NOUN
NN
ccomp
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
increase
increases
VERB
VBZ
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
release
release
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
compound
Number=Sing
mood-lifting
mood-lifting
NOUN
NN
nmod
Number=Plur
endorphin
endorphins
NOUN
NNS
case
in
in
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nmod
Number=Sing
body
body
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (S (PP (IN After) (NP (NP (CD one)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (ADJP (JJ energetic) (CC and) (JJ fun)) (NN skiing) (NNS lessons))))) (, ,) (NP (NNS students)) (VP (MD will) (VP (VB be) (VP (VBG smiling) (CC and) (VBG laughing))))) (: ;) (S (NP (PRP they)) (VP (MD will) (VP (VB be) (UCP (ADJP (JJ relaxed)) (CC and) (PP (IN in) (NP (NP (DT a) (JJR better) (NN mood)) (PP (IN than) (SBAR (WHADVP (WRB when)) (S (NP (PRP they)) (VP (VBD started) (NP (NN class)))))))))))) (. .)))
After one of the energetic and fun skiing lessons, students will be smiling and laughing; they will be relaxed and in a better mood than when they started class.
case
after
After
ADP
IN
obl
NumForm=Word|NumType=Card
one
one
NUM
CD
case
of
of
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
energetic
energetic
ADJ
JJ
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Degree=Pos
fun
fun
ADJ
JJ
compound
Number=Sing
ski
skiing
NOUN
NN
nmod
Number=Plur
lesson
lessons
NOUN
NNS
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nsubj
Number=Plur
student
students
NOUN
NNS
aux
VerbForm=Fin
will
will
AUX
MD
aux
VerbForm=Inf
be
be
AUX
VB
root
Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part
smile
smiling
VERB
VBG
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part
laugh
laughing
VERB
VBG
punct
;
;
PUNCT
:
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
they
PRON
PRP
aux
VerbForm=Fin
will
will
AUX
MD
cop
VerbForm=Inf
be
be
AUX
VB
parataxis
Degree=Pos
relaxed
relaxed
ADJ
JJ
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
case
in
in
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Cmp
good
better
ADJ
JJR
conj
Number=Sing
mood
mood
NOUN
NN
mark
than
than
SCONJ
IN
advmod
PronType=Int
when
when
ADV
WRB
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
they
PRON
PRP
advcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
start
started
VERB
VBD
obj
Number=Sing
class
class
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (NNS Students)) (VP (MD will) (VP (VB leave) (NP (NN class)) (PP (IN with) (NP (NP (DT a) (NN sense)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN accomplishment))))) (, ,) (S (VP (VBG knowing) (SBAR (IN that) (S (NP (PRP they)) (VP (VBP have) (VP (VBN developed) (NP (JJ new) (NNS skills)) (PP (IN in) (NP (DT a) (JJ fun) (NN activity))))))))))) (. .)))
Students will leave class with a sense of accomplishment, knowing that they have developed new skills in a fun activity.
nsubj
Number=Plur
student
Students
NOUN
NNS
aux
VerbForm=Fin
will
will
AUX
MD
root
VerbForm=Inf
leave
leave
VERB
VB
obj
Number=Sing
class
class
NOUN
NN
case
with
with
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
sense
sense
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
accomplishment
accomplishment
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
advcl
VerbForm=Ger
know
knowing
VERB
VBG
mark
that
that
SCONJ
IN
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
they
PRON
PRP
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
have
have
AUX
VBP
ccomp
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part
develop
developed
VERB
VBN
amod
Degree=Pos
new
new
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Plur
skill
skills
NOUN
NNS
case
in
in
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
fun
fun
ADJ
JJ
obl
Number=Sing
activity
activity
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (NP (NN Cross-country) (NN skiing)) (VP (VBZ is) (NP (NP (DT a) (JJ great) (NN way)) (SBAR (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB work) (NP (DT the) (JJ total) (NN body)))))))) (. .)))
Cross-country skiing is a great way to work the total body.
compound
Number=Sing
cross-country
Cross-country
NOUN
NN
nsubj
Number=Sing
ski
skiing
NOUN
NN
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
AUX
VBZ
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
great
great
ADJ
JJ
root
Number=Sing
way
way
NOUN
NN
mark
to
to
PART
TO
acl
VerbForm=Inf
work
work
VERB
VB
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
total
total
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Sing
body
body
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (ADVP (RB Now)) (NP (ADJP (JJR more) (CC and) (JJR more)) (NNS students)) (VP (VBP are) (VP (VBG taking) (NP (NN part)) (PP (IN in) (NP (DT this) (NN exercise))) (ADVP (RB outside)) (PP (IN during) (NP (DT the) (NN winter) (NNS months))))) (. .)))
Now more and more students are taking part in this exercise outside during the winter months.
advmod
now
Now
ADV
RB
amod
Degree=Cmp
more
more
ADJ
JJR
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Degree=Cmp
more
more
ADJ
JJR
nsubj
Number=Plur
student
students
NOUN
NNS
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
root
Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part
take
taking
VERB
VBG
obj
Number=Sing
part
part
NOUN
NN
case
in
in
ADP
IN
det
Number=Sing|PronType=Dem
this
this
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
exercise
exercise
NOUN
NN
advmod
outside
outside
ADV
RB
case
during
during
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
compound
Number=Sing
winter
winter
NOUN
NN
obl
Number=Plur
month
months
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (PRP They)) (VP (VBP are) (VP (VP (VBG enjoying) (NP (PRP it))) (CC and) (VP (VBG benefiting) (PP (IN from) (NP (PRP it)))))) (. !)))
They are enjoying it and benefiting from it!
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
They
PRON
PRP
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
root
Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part
enjoy
enjoying
VERB
VBG
obj
Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs
it
it
PRON
PRP
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part
benefit
benefiting
VERB
VBG
case
from
from
ADP
IN
obl
Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs
it
it
PRON
PRP
punct
!
!
PUNCT
.
Cross-country skiing can be enjoyed by a wide range of students, from the youngest kindergartners to those secondary students. It is really a fun activity, providing students a gentle workout outside in winter. While having fun, students can gain physical and mental benefits.  The physical benefits of cross-country skiing are well known. If we look at Olympic cross- country skiers, we can see the positive effects on the body that result from training for cross-country skiing. The average best female cross-country skier carries 11 percent body fat, and best male skiers carry 5 percent. These percentages are well below the average for people who are considered to be athletic-17 percent for females and 10 percent for males. The high number of calories burned while skiing helps to keep skiers slim in a healthy and attractive way.  Cross-country skiing is also an efficient way to exercise a large number of muscles at once. Because skiers use ski poles as a means of propulsion, the force that drives skiers forward, the upper body gets much more of workout. Of course, the leg muscles also do their fair share. People who use cross-country skiing as a workout over several weeks will discover that the muscles of their entire body increase in strength.  Cross-country skiing on a regular basis has a tremendous effect on a person's cardiovascular system. In addition to gaining strength in the muscles of the upper and lower body, people who use cross-country skiing as a workout method over several weeks will also discover that their heart is stronger. A strong heart pumps more efficiently, sending out more blood to the muscles with each contraction. Through weeks of skiing, people often discover that their resting heart rate has decreased. Highly trained Olympic cross-country skiers have resting heart rates between 28 and 40 beats per minute. Compare that to the resting heart rate of the average person, which is 60 to 80 beats per minute!  The benefits of cross-country skiing extend beyond overall general health. A lot of evidence exists indicating that regular physical activity increases the release of mood-lifting endorphins in the body. After one of the energetic and fun skiing lessons, students will be smiling and laughing; they will be relaxed and in a better mood than when they started class. Students will leave class with a sense of accomplishment, knowing that they have developed new skills in a fun activity.  Cross-country skiing is a great way to work the total body. Now more and more students are taking part in this exercise outside during the winter months. They are enjoying it and benefiting from it!