(ROOT (SQ (MD Should) (NP (NNS doctors)) (ADVP (RB ever)) (VP (VB lie) (S (VP (VP (TO to) (VP (VB benefit) (NP (PRP$ their) (NN patient)))) (, --) (VP (TO -to) (VP (VP (VB speed) (NP (NN recovery))) (CC or) (VP (TO to) (VP (VB cover) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN coming)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN death))))))))))) (. ?)))
Should doctors ever lie to benefit their patient---to speed recovery or to cover the coming of death?
aux
VerbForm=Fin
should
Should
AUX
MD
nsubj
Number=Plur
doctor
doctors
NOUN
NNS
advmod
ever
ever
ADV
RB
root
VerbForm=Inf
lie
lie
VERB
VB
mark
to
to
PART
TO
advcl
VerbForm=Inf
benefit
benefit
VERB
VB
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
their
their
PRON
PRP$
obj
Number=Sing
patient
patient
NOUN
NN
punct
--
--
PUNCT
,
mark
-to
-to
PART
TO
advcl
VerbForm=Inf
speed
speed
VERB
VB
obj
Number=Sing
recovery
recovery
NOUN
NN
cc
or
or
CCONJ
CC
mark
to
to
PART
TO
conj
VerbForm=Inf
cover
cover
VERB
VB
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
coming
coming
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
death
death
NOUN
NN
punct
?
?
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (PP (IN In) (NP (NP (NN medicine)) (PP (IN as) (PP (IN in) (NP (NP (NN law)) (, ,) (NP (NN government)) (, ,) (CC and) (NP (NP (JJ other) (NNS lines)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN work))))))))) (, ,) (NP (NP (DT the) (NNS requirements)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN honesty)))) (ADVP (RB often)) (VP (VBP seem) (S (VP (VBN dwarfed) (PP (IN by) (NP (NP (JJR greater) (NNS needs)) (: :) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN need) (S (VP (VP (TO to) (VP (VB protect) (PP (IN from) (NP (JJ brutal) (NN news))))) (CC or) (VP (TO to) (VP (VB uphold) (NP (NP (DT a) (NN promise)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN secrecy))))))))) (: ;) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB advance) (NP (DT the) (JJ public) (NN interest))))))))))) (. .)))
In medicine as in law, government, and other lines of work, the requirements of honesty often seem dwarfed by greater needs: the need to protect from brutal news or to uphold a promise of secrecy; to advance the public interest.
case
in
In
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Sing
medicine
medicine
NOUN
NN
case
as
as
ADP
IN
fixed
in
in
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Sing
law
law
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
conj
Number=Sing
government
government
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
amod
Degree=Pos
other
other
ADJ
JJ
conj
Number=Plur
line
lines
NOUN
NNS
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
work
work
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Plur
requirement
requirements
NOUN
NNS
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
honesty
honesty
NOUN
NN
advmod
often
often
ADV
RB
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
seem
seem
VERB
VBP
xcomp
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
dwarf
dwarfed
VERB
VBN
case
by
by
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Cmp
great
greater
ADJ
JJR
obl:agent
Number=Plur
need
needs
NOUN
NNS
punct
:
:
PUNCT
:
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
appos
Number=Sing
need
need
NOUN
NN
mark
to
to
PART
TO
acl
VerbForm=Inf
protect
protect
VERB
VB
case
from
from
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
brutal
brutal
ADJ
JJ
obl
Number=Sing
news
news
NOUN
NN
cc
or
or
CCONJ
CC
mark
to
to
PART
TO
conj
VerbForm=Inf
uphold
uphold
VERB
VB
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
promise
promise
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
secrecy
secrecy
NOUN
NN
punct
;
;
PUNCT
:
mark
to
to
PART
TO
conj
VerbForm=Inf
advance
advance
VERB
VB
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
public
public
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Sing
interest
interest
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (SBAR (WHNP (WP What)) (SQ (MD should) (NP (NNS doctors)) (VP (VB say) (, ,) (PP (IN for) (NP (NN example))) (, ,) (PP (IN to) (NP (NP (NP (DT a) (JJ 46-year-old) (NN man)) (VP (VBG coming) (ADVP (RB in)) (PP (IN for) (NP (NP (DT a) (JJ routine) (JJ physical) (NN check)) (ADVP (RP up)))) (PP (ADVP (RB just)) (IN before) (S (VP (VBG going) (PP (IN on) (NP (NN vacation))) (PP (IN with) (NP (PRP$ his) (NN family)))))))) (SBAR (WHNP (WP who)) (, ,) (S (SBAR (IN though) (S (NP (PRP he)) (VP (VBZ feels) (PP (IN in) (NP (JJ perfect) (NN health)))))) (, ,) (VP (VBZ is) (VP (VBN found) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB have) (NP (NP (NP (DT a) (NN form)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN cancer)))) (SBAR (WHNP (WDT that)) (S (VP (MD will) (VP (VB cause) (S (NP (PRP him)) (VP (TO to) (VP (VB die) (PP (IN within) (NP (CD six) (NNS months)))))))))))))))))))))) (. .)))
What should doctors say, for example, to a 46-year-old man coming in for a routine physical check up just before going on vacation with his family who, though he feels in perfect health, is found to have a form of cancer that will cause him to die within six months.
obj
PronType=Int
what
What
PRON
WP
aux
VerbForm=Fin
should
should
AUX
MD
nsubj
Number=Plur
doctor
doctors
NOUN
NNS
root
VerbForm=Inf
say
say
VERB
VB
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
case
for
for
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Sing
example
example
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
case
to
to
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
46-year-old
46-year-old
ADJ
JJ
obl
Number=Sing
man
man
NOUN
NN
acl
VerbForm=Ger
come
coming
VERB
VBG
advmod
in
in
ADV
RB
case
for
for
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
routine
routine
ADJ
JJ
amod
Degree=Pos
physical
physical
ADJ
JJ
compound
Number=Sing
check
check
NOUN
NN
obl
up
up
ADP
RP
advmod
just
just
ADV
RB
mark
before
before
SCONJ
IN
advcl
VerbForm=Ger
go
going
VERB
VBG
case
on
on
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Sing
vacation
vacation
NOUN
NN
case
with
with
ADP
IN
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
his
his
PRON
PRP$
nmod
Number=Sing
family
family
NOUN
NN
nsubj:pass
PronType=Rel
who
who
PRON
WP
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
mark
though
though
SCONJ
IN
nsubj
Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs
he
he
PRON
PRP
advcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
feel
feels
VERB
VBZ
case
in
in
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
perfect
perfect
ADJ
JJ
obl
Number=Sing
health
health
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
aux:pass
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
AUX
VBZ
acl:relcl
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
find
found
VERB
VBN
mark
to
to
PART
TO
xcomp
VerbForm=Inf
have
have
VERB
VB
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
form
form
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
cancer
cancer
NOUN
NN
nsubj
PronType=Rel
that
that
PRON
WDT
aux
VerbForm=Fin
will
will
AUX
MD
acl:relcl
VerbForm=Inf
cause
cause
VERB
VB
iobj
Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs
he
him
PRON
PRP
mark
to
to
PART
TO
xcomp
VerbForm=Inf
die
die
VERB
VB
case
within
within
ADP
IN
nummod
NumForm=Word|NumType=Card
six
six
NUM
CD
obl
Number=Plur
month
months
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (SQ (VBZ Is) (NP (NP (PRP it))) (ADJP (JJS best)) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB tell) (NP (PRP him)) (NP (DT the) (NN truth))))) (. ?)))
Is it best to tell him the truth?
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
Is
AUX
VBZ
expl
Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs
it
it
PRON
PRP
root
Degree=Sup
good
best
ADJ
JJS
mark
to
to
PART
TO
csubj
VerbForm=Inf
tell
tell
VERB
VB
iobj
Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs
he
him
PRON
PRP
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
truth
truth
NOUN
NN
punct
?
?
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (SBARQ (SBAR (IN If) (S (NP (PRP he)) (VP (VBZ asks)))) (, ,) (MD should) (NP (DT the) (NN doctor)) (VP (VB reject) (SBAR (IN that) (S (NP (PRP he)) (VP (VP (VBZ is) (ADJP (JJ ill))) (, ,) (CC or) (VP (VB minimize) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN gravity)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (NN illness))))))))) (. ?)))
If he asks, should the doctor reject that he is ill, or minimize the gravity of the illness?
mark
if
If
SCONJ
IN
nsubj
Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs
he
he
PRON
PRP
advcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
ask
asks
VERB
VBZ
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
aux
VerbForm=Fin
should
should
AUX
MD
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Sing
doctor
doctor
NOUN
NN
root
VerbForm=Inf
reject
reject
VERB
VB
mark
that
that
SCONJ
IN
nsubj
Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs
he
he
PRON
PRP
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
AUX
VBZ
ccomp
Degree=Pos
ill
ill
ADJ
JJ
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
cc
or
or
CCONJ
CC
conj
VerbForm=Inf
minimize
minimize
VERB
VB
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
gravity
gravity
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nmod
Number=Sing
illness
illness
NOUN
NN
punct
?
?
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (SQ (MD Should) (NP (PRP they)) (ADVP (IN at) (JJS least)) (VP (VB hide) (NP (DT the) (NN truth)) (PP (IN until) (PP (IN after) (NP (DT the) (NN family) (NN vacation))))) (. ?)))
Should they at least hide the truth until after the family vacation?
aux
VerbForm=Fin
should
Should
AUX
MD
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
they
PRON
PRP
advmod
ExtPos=ADV
at
at
ADP
IN
fixed
Degree=Sup
least
least
ADJ
JJS
root
VerbForm=Inf
hide
hide
VERB
VB
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
truth
truth
NOUN
NN
case
until
until
ADP
IN
case
after
after
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
compound
Number=Sing
family
family
NOUN
NN
obl
Number=Sing
vacation
vacation
NOUN
NN
punct
?
?
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (NP (NNS Doctors)) (VP (VBP face) (NP (JJ such) (NNS choices)) (ADVP (RB often))) (. .)))
Doctors face such choices often.
nsubj
Number=Plur
doctor
Doctors
NOUN
NNS
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
face
face
VERB
VBP
amod
Degree=Pos
such
such
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Plur
choice
choices
NOUN
NNS
advmod
often
often
ADV
RB
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (S (PP (IN At) (NP (NNS times))) (, ,) (NP (PRP they)) (VP (VBP see) (NP (NP (JJ important) (NNS reasons)) (SBAR (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB lie) (PP (IN for) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN patient) (POS 's)) (JJ own) (NN sake)))))))))) (: ;) (S (PP (IN in) (NP (PRP$ their) (NNS eyes))) (, ,) (NP (JJ such) (NNS lies)) (VP (VBP differ) (ADVP (RB sharply)) (PP (IN from) (NP (JJ self-serving) (NNS ones))))) (. .)))
At times, they see important reasons to lie for the patient's own sake; in their eyes, such lies differ sharply from self-serving ones.
case
at
At
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Plur
time
times
NOUN
NNS
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
they
PRON
PRP
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
see
see
VERB
VBP
amod
Degree=Pos
important
important
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Plur
reason
reasons
NOUN
NNS
mark
to
to
PART
TO
acl
VerbForm=Inf
lie
lie
VERB
VB
case
for
for
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nmod:poss
Number=Sing
patient
patient
NOUN
NN
case
's
's
PART
POS
amod
Degree=Pos
own
own
ADJ
JJ
obl
Number=Sing
sake
sake
NOUN
NN
punct
;
;
PUNCT
:
case
in
in
ADP
IN
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
their
their
PRON
PRP$
obl
Number=Plur
eye
eyes
NOUN
NNS
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
amod
Degree=Pos
such
such
ADJ
JJ
nsubj
Number=Plur
lie
lies
NOUN
NNS
parataxis
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
differ
differ
VERB
VBP
advmod
sharply
sharply
ADV
RB
case
from
from
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
self-serving
self-serving
ADJ
JJ
obl
Number=Plur
one
ones
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (NP (NNS Studies)) (VP (VBP show) (SBAR (IN that) (S (NP (JJS most) (NNS doctors)) (ADVP (RB sincerely)) (VP (VBP believe) (SBAR (SBAR (IN that) (S (NP (DT the) (ADJP (RB seriously) (JJ ill)) (NNS patients)) (VP (VBP do) (RB not) (VP (VB want) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB know) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN truth)) (PP (IN about) (NP (PRP$ their) (NN condition))))))))))) (, ,) (CC and) (SBAR (SBAR (IN that) (S (VP (VBG informing) (NP (PRP them)) (NP (NP (NNS risks)) (VP (VBG destroying) (NP (PRP$ their) (NN hope))))))) (, ,) (SBAR (IN so) (IN that) (S (NP (PRP they)) (VP (MD may) (VP (VP (VB recover) (ADVP (RBR more) (RB slowly))) (, ,) (CC or) (VP (VB deteriorate) (ADVP (JJR faster))) (, ,) (ADVP (RB perhaps)) (ADVP (RB even)) (VP (VB commit) (NP (NN suicide))))))))))))) (. .)))
Studies show that most doctors sincerely believe that the seriously ill patients do not want to know the truth about their condition, and that informing them risks destroying their hope, so that they may recover more slowly, or deteriorate faster, perhaps even commit suicide.
nsubj
Number=Plur
Study
Studies
NOUN
NNS
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
show
show
VERB
VBP
mark
that
that
SCONJ
IN
amod
Degree=Sup
most
most
ADJ
JJS
nsubj
Number=Plur
doctor
doctors
NOUN
NNS
advmod
sincerely
sincerely
ADV
RB
ccomp
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
believe
believe
VERB
VBP
mark
that
that
SCONJ
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
advmod
seriously
seriously
ADV
RB
amod
Degree=Pos
ill
ill
ADJ
JJ
nsubj
Number=Plur
patient
patients
NOUN
NNS
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
do
do
AUX
VBP
advmod
not
not
PART
RB
ccomp
VerbForm=Inf
want
want
VERB
VB
mark
to
to
PART
TO
xcomp
VerbForm=Inf
know
know
VERB
VB
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
truth
truth
NOUN
NN
case
about
about
ADP
IN
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
their
their
PRON
PRP$
nmod
Number=Sing
condition
condition
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
mark
that
that
SCONJ
IN
conj
VerbForm=Ger
inform
informing
VERB
VBG
iobj
Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
them
PRON
PRP
obj
Number=Plur
risk
risks
NOUN
NNS
xcomp
VerbForm=Ger
destroy
destroying
VERB
VBG
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
their
their
PRON
PRP$
obj
Number=Sing
hope
hope
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
mark
so
so
SCONJ
IN
fixed
that
that
SCONJ
IN
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
they
PRON
PRP
aux
VerbForm=Fin
may
may
AUX
MD
advcl
VerbForm=Inf
recover
recover
VERB
VB
advmod
Degree=Cmp
more
more
ADV
RBR
advmod
slowly
slowly
ADV
RB
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
cc
or
or
CCONJ
CC
conj
VerbForm=Inf
deteriorate
deteriorate
VERB
VB
advmod
Degree=Cmp
fast
faster
ADJ
JJR
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
advmod
perhaps
perhaps
ADV
RB
advmod
even
even
ADV
RB
conj
VerbForm=Inf
commit
commit
VERB
VB
obj
Number=Sing
suicide
suicide
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (CC But) (NP (JJ other) (NNS studies)) (VP (VBP show) (SBAR (IN that) (, ,) (S (ADJP (JJ contrary) (PP (IN to) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN belief)) (PP (IN of) (NP (JJ many) (NNS physicians)))))) (: ;) (S (NP (NP (DT a) (JJ great) (NN majority)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NNS patients)))) (VP (VBP do) (VP (VP (VB want) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB be) (VP (VBN told) (NP (DT the) (NN truth)) (, ,) (PP (ADVP (RB even)) (IN about) (NP (JJ serious) (NN illness))) (, ,)))))) (CC and) (VP (VB feel) (ADJP (VBN cheated)) (SBAR (WHADVP (WRB when)) (S (NP (PRP they)) (VP (VBP learn) (SBAR (IN that) (S (NP (PRP they)) (VP (VBP have) (VP (VBN been) (VP (VBN misled)))))))))))))))) (. .)))
But other studies show that, contrary to the belief of many physicians; a great majority of patients do want to be told the truth, even about serious illness, and feel cheated when they learn that they have been misled.
cc
but
But
CCONJ
CC
amod
Degree=Pos
other
other
ADJ
JJ
nsubj
Number=Plur
study
studies
NOUN
NNS
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
show
show
VERB
VBP
mark
that
that
SCONJ
IN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
advcl
Degree=Pos
contrary
contrary
ADJ
JJ
case
to
to
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
belief
belief
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
many
many
ADJ
JJ
nmod
Number=Plur
physician
physicians
NOUN
NNS
punct
;
;
PUNCT
:
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
great
great
ADJ
JJ
nsubj
Number=Sing
majority
majority
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Plur
patient
patients
NOUN
NNS
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
do
do
AUX
VBP
ccomp
VerbForm=Inf
want
want
VERB
VB
mark
to
to
PART
TO
aux:pass
VerbForm=Inf
be
be
AUX
VB
xcomp
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
tell
told
VERB
VBN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
truth
truth
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
advmod
even
even
ADV
RB
case
about
about
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
serious
serious
ADJ
JJ
obl
Number=Sing
illness
illness
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
VerbForm=Inf
feel
feel
VERB
VB
xcomp
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part
cheat
cheated
VERB
VBN
advmod
PronType=Int
when
when
ADV
WRB
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
they
PRON
PRP
advcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
learn
learn
VERB
VBP
mark
that
that
SCONJ
IN
nsubj:pass
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
they
PRON
PRP
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
have
have
AUX
VBP
aux:pass
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part
be
been
AUX
VBN
ccomp
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
misl
misled
VERB
VBN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (PRP We)) (VP (VBP are) (ADVP (RB also)) (VP (VBG learning) (SBAR (IN that) (S (NP (NP (JJ truthful) (NN information)) (, ,) (VP (ADVP (RB humanly)) (VBN conveyed)) (, ,)) (VP (VBZ helps) (S (NP (NNS patients)) (VP (VB cope) (NP (DT this) (NN illness)))) (: :) (S (VP (VB help) (S (NP (PRP them)) (VP (VP (VB tolerate) (NP (NN pain)) (ADVP (RBR better))) (, ,) (VP (VB need) (NP (JJR less) (NN medicine))) (, ,) (CC and) (ADVP (RB even)) (VP (VB recover) (ADVP (JJR faster)) (PP (IN after) (NP (NN operation))))))))))))) (. .)))
We are also learning that truthful information, humanly conveyed, helps patients cope this illness: help them tolerate pain better, need less medicine, and even recover faster after operation.
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs
we
We
PRON
PRP
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
advmod
also
also
ADV
RB
root
Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part
learn
learning
VERB
VBG
mark
that
that
SCONJ
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
truthful
truthful
ADJ
JJ
nsubj
Number=Sing
information
information
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
advmod
humanly
humanly
ADV
RB
acl
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part
convey
conveyed
VERB
VBN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
ccomp
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
help
helps
VERB
VBZ
obj
Number=Plur
patient
patients
NOUN
NNS
xcomp
VerbForm=Inf
cope
cope
VERB
VB
det
Number=Sing|PronType=Dem
this
this
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
illness
illness
NOUN
NN
punct
:
:
PUNCT
:
parataxis
Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin
help
help
VERB
VB
obj
Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
them
PRON
PRP
xcomp
VerbForm=Inf
tolerate
tolerate
VERB
VB
obj
Number=Sing
pain
pain
NOUN
NN
advmod
Degree=Cmp
well
better
ADV
RBR
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
conj
VerbForm=Inf
need
need
VERB
VB
amod
Degree=Cmp
less
less
ADJ
JJR
obj
Number=Sing
medicine
medicine
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
advmod
even
even
ADV
RB
conj
VerbForm=Inf
recover
recover
VERB
VB
xcomp
Degree=Cmp
fast
faster
ADJ
JJR
case
after
after
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Sing
operation
operation
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (NP (EX There)) (VP (VBZ is) (NP (JJ urgent) (NN need) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB debate) (NP (DT this) (NN issue)) (ADVP (RB openly))))))) (. .)))
There is urgent need to debate this issue openly.
expl
there
There
PRON
EX
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
VERB
VBZ
amod
Degree=Pos
urgent
urgent
ADJ
JJ
nsubj
Number=Sing
need
need
NOUN
NN
mark
to
to
PART
TO
acl
VerbForm=Inf
debate
debate
VERB
VB
det
Number=Sing|PronType=Dem
this
this
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
issue
issue
NOUN
NN
advmod
openly
openly
ADV
RB
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (PP (CONJP (RB Not) (RB only)) (PP (IN in) (NP (NN medicine))) (, ,) (CC but) (PP (IN in) (NP (JJ other) (NNS professions))) (ADVP (RB as) (RB well)) (, ,) (NP (NNS practitioners)) (VP (MD may) (VP (VB find) (S (NP (PRP themselves)) (ADVP (RB repeatedly)) (PP (IN in) (NP (NP (NN difficulty)) (SBAR (WHADVP (WRB where)) (S (NP (JJ serious) (NNS consequences)) (VP (VBP seem) (S (ADJP (JJ avoidable))) (PP (ADVP (RB only)) (IN through) (NP (NN deception))))))))))) (. .)))
Not only in medicine, but in other professions as well, practitioners may find themselves repeatedly in difficulty where serious consequences seem avoidable only through deception.
advmod
not
Not
PART
RB
cc:preconj
only
only
ADV
RB
case
in
in
ADP
IN
root
Number=Sing
medicine
medicine
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
cc
but
but
CCONJ
CC
case
in
in
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
other
other
ADJ
JJ
obl
Number=Plur
profession
professions
NOUN
NNS
advmod
as
as
ADV
RB
fixed
Degree=Pos
well
well
ADV
RB
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nsubj
Number=Plur
practitioner
practitioners
NOUN
NNS
aux
VerbForm=Fin
may
may
AUX
MD
conj
VerbForm=Inf
find
find
VERB
VB
obj
Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes
themselves
themselves
PRON
PRP
advmod
repeatedly
repeatedly
ADV
RB
case
in
in
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Sing
difficulty
difficulty
NOUN
NN
advmod
PronType=Rel
where
where
ADV
WRB
amod
Degree=Pos
serious
serious
ADJ
JJ
nsubj
Number=Plur
consequence
consequences
NOUN
NNS
acl:relcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
seem
seem
VERB
VBP
xcomp
Degree=Pos
avoidable
avoidable
ADJ
JJ
advmod
only
only
ADV
RB
case
through
through
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Sing
deception
deception
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (CC Yet) (NP (DT the) (NN public)) (VP (VBZ has) (NP (NP (NP (NP (DT every) (NN reason)) (SBAR (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB know) (NP (JJ professional) (NN deception))))))) (, ,) (PP (IN for) (NP (JJ such) (NNS practices)))) (VP (VBP are) (ADJP (RB peculiarly) (JJ likely) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB become) (ADJP (ADJP (RB deeply) (VBN rooted)) (, ,) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB spread)))) (, ,) (CC and) (VP (TO to) (VP (VB trust))))))))))) (. .)))
Yet the public has every reason to know professional deception, for such practices are peculiarly likely to become deeply rooted, to spread, and to trust.
cc
yet
Yet
CCONJ
CC
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Sing
public
public
NOUN
NN
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
have
has
VERB
VBZ
det
every
every
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
reason
reason
NOUN
NN
mark
to
to
PART
TO
acl
VerbForm=Inf
know
know
VERB
VB
amod
Degree=Pos
professional
professional
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Sing
deception
deception
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
cc
for
for
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
such
such
ADJ
JJ
nsubj
Number=Plur
practice
practices
NOUN
NNS
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
advmod
peculiarly
peculiarly
ADV
RB
conj
Degree=Pos
likely
likely
ADJ
JJ
mark
to
to
PART
TO
xcomp
VerbForm=Inf
become
become
VERB
VB
advmod
deeply
deeply
ADV
RB
xcomp
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
root
rooted
VERB
VBN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
mark
to
to
PART
TO
conj
VerbForm=Inf
spread
spread
VERB
VB
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
mark
to
to
PART
TO
conj
VerbForm=Inf
trust
trust
VERB
VB
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (UCP (PP (NP (DT Neither)) (PP (IN in) (NP (NN medicine)))) (, ,) (CC nor) (PP (IN in) (NP (NN law))) (, ,) (NP (NN government)) (, ,) (CC or) (NP (DT the) (JJ social) (NNS sciences))) (VP (MD can) (NP (EX there)) (VP (VB be) (NP (NP (NN comfort)) (PP (IN in) (NP (NP (DT the) (JJ old) (NN saying)) (, ,) (`` ``) (S (SBAR (WHNP (WP What)) (S (NP (PRP you)) (VP (VBP do) (RB n't) (VP (VB know))))) (VP (MD ca) (RB n't) (VP (VB hurt) (NP (PRP you)))))))))) (. .) ('' '')))
Neither in medicine, nor in law, government, or the social sciences can there be comfort in the old saying, "What you don't know can't hurt you."
cc:preconj
neither
Neither
DET
DT
case
in
in
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Sing
medicine
medicine
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
cc
nor
nor
CCONJ
CC
case
in
in
ADP
IN
conj
Number=Sing
law
law
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
conj
Number=Sing
government
government
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
cc
or
or
CCONJ
CC
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
social
social
ADJ
JJ
conj
Number=Plur
science
sciences
NOUN
NNS
aux
VerbForm=Fin
can
can
AUX
MD
expl
there
there
PRON
EX
root
VerbForm=Inf
be
be
VERB
VB
nsubj
Number=Sing
comfort
comfort
NOUN
NN
case
in
in
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
old
old
ADJ
JJ
nmod
Number=Sing
saying
saying
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
punct
``
``
PUNCT
``
nsubj
PronType=Rel
what
What
PRON
WP
nsubj
Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs
you
you
PRON
PRP
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
do
do
AUX
VBP
advmod
not
n't
PART
RB
acl:relcl
VerbForm=Inf
know
know
VERB
VB
aux
VerbForm=Fin
can
ca
AUX
MD
advmod
not
n't
PART
RB
appos
VerbForm=Inf
hurt
hurt
VERB
VB
obj
Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs
you
you
PRON
PRP
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
punct
''
''
PUNCT
''
Should doctors ever lie to benefit their patient---to speed recovery or to cover the coming of death? In medicine as in law, government, and other lines of work, the requirements of honesty often seem dwarfed by greater needs: the need to protect from brutal news or to uphold a promise of secrecy; to advance the public interest.  What should doctors say, for example, to a 46-year-old man coming in for a routine physical check up just before going on vacation with his family who, though he feels in perfect health, is found to have a form of cancer that will cause him to die within six months. Is it best to tell him the truth? If he asks, should the doctor reject that he is ill, or minimize the gravity of the illness? Should they at least hide the truth until after the family vacation?  Doctors face such choices often. At times, they see important reasons to lie for the patient's own sake; in their eyes, such lies differ sharply from self-serving ones.  Studies show that most doctors sincerely believe that the seriously ill patients do not want to know the truth about their condition, and that informing them risks destroying their hope, so that they may recover more slowly, or deteriorate faster, perhaps even commit suicide.  But other studies show that, contrary to the belief of many physicians; a great majority of patients do want to be told the truth, even about serious illness, and feel cheated when they learn that they have been misled. We are also learning that truthful information, humanly conveyed, helps patients cope this illness: help them tolerate pain better, need less medicine, and even recover faster after operation.  There is urgent need to debate this issue openly. Not only in medicine, but in other professions as well, practitioners may find themselves repeatedly in difficulty where serious consequences seem avoidable only through deception. Yet the public has every reason to know professional deception, for such practices are peculiarly likely to become deeply rooted, to spread, and to trust. Neither in medicine, nor in law, government, or the social sciences can there be comfort in the old saying, "What you don't know can't hurt you."