(ROOT (S (SBAR (IN Although) (S (NP (NNS men) (CC and) (NNS women)) (VP (VBP have) (VP (VBN been) (VP (VBG growing) (NP (NNS crops)) (PP (IN for) (NP (NP (NNS thousands)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NNS years)))))))))) (, ,) (NP (PRP they)) (VP (VBP have) (RB not) (ADVP (RB always)) (VP (VBN had) (NP (RB enough) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB eat))))))) (. .)))
Although men and women have been growing crops for thousands of years, they have not always had enough to eat.
mark
although
Although
SCONJ
IN
nsubj
Number=Plur
man
men
NOUN
NNS
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Number=Plur
woman
women
NOUN
NNS
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
have
have
AUX
VBP
aux
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part
be
been
AUX
VBN
advcl
Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part
grow
growing
VERB
VBG
obj
Number=Plur
crop
crops
NOUN
NNS
case
for
for
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Plur
thousand
thousands
NOUN
NNS
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Plur
year
years
NOUN
NNS
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
they
PRON
PRP
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
have
have
AUX
VBP
advmod
not
not
PART
RB
advmod
always
always
ADV
RB
root
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part
have
had
VERB
VBN
advmod
enough
enough
ADV
RB
mark
to
to
PART
TO
acl
VerbForm=Inf
eat
eat
VERB
VB
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (RB Even) (NN today)) (, ,) (NP (NP (JJ many) (NNS people)) (PP (IN in) (NP (DT the) (NN world)))) (VP (VP (VBP go) (ADJP (JJ hungry))) (, ,) (CC and) (ADVP (RB even)) (VP (VBP die) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN hunger))))) (. .)))
Even today, many people in the world go hungry, and even die of hunger.
advmod
even
Even
ADV
RB
obl:tmod
Number=Sing
today
today
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
amod
Degree=Pos
many
many
ADJ
JJ
nsubj
Number=Plur
person
people
NOUN
NNS
case
in
in
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nmod
Number=Sing
world
world
NOUN
NN
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
go
go
VERB
VBP
xcomp
Degree=Pos
hungry
hungry
ADJ
JJ
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
advmod
even
even
ADV
RB
conj
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
die
die
VERB
VBP
case
of
of
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Sing
hunger
hunger
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (SBAR (IN If) (S (NP (PRP we)) (VP (VBP are) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB grow) (ADVP (RB enough)) (PP (IN for) (NP (NN everybody))))))))) (, ,) (NP (PRP we)) (VP (VBP have) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB grow) (NP (NP (JJR more) (NNS crops)) (CC and) (NP (JJR better) (NNS crops))))))) (. .)))
If we are to grow enough for everybody, we have to grow more crops and better crops.
mark
if
If
SCONJ
IN
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs
we
we
PRON
PRP
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
mark
to
to
PART
TO
advcl
VerbForm=Inf
grow
grow
VERB
VB
advmod
enough
enough
ADV
RB
case
for
for
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Sing|PronType=Tot
everybody
everybody
PRON
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs
we
we
PRON
PRP
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
have
have
VERB
VBP
mark
to
to
PART
TO
xcomp
VerbForm=Inf
grow
grow
VERB
VB
amod
Degree=Cmp
more
more
ADJ
JJR
obj
Number=Plur
crop
crops
NOUN
NNS
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
amod
Degree=Cmp
good
better
ADJ
JJR
conj
Number=Plur
crop
crops
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (NP (NNS Plants)) (VP (VBP need) (NP (DT the) (JJ right) (NN food)) (SBAR (IN in) (NN order) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB grow)))))) (. .)))
Plants need the right food in order to grow.
nsubj
Number=Plur
plant
Plants
NOUN
NNS
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
need
need
VERB
VBP
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
right
right
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Sing
food
food
NOUN
NN
mark
in
in
ADP
IN
fixed
Number=Sing
order
order
NOUN
NN
mark
to
to
PART
TO
advcl
VerbForm=Inf
grow
grow
VERB
VB
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (PP (IN In) (ADJP (JJ particular))) (, ,) (NP (PRP they)) (VP (VBP need) (NP (NP (NP (CD three) (JJ chemical) (NNS substances)) (PP (IN in) (NP (DT the) (NN soil)))) (: :) (NP (NN nitrogen) (, ,) (NN phosphorus) (CC and) (NN potassium)))) (. .)))
In particular, they need three chemical substances in the soil: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
case
in
In
ADP
IN
obl
Degree=Pos
particular
particular
ADJ
JJ
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
they
PRON
PRP
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
need
need
VERB
VBP
nummod
NumForm=Word|NumType=Card
three
three
NUM
CD
amod
Degree=Pos
chemical
chemical
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Plur
substance
substances
NOUN
NNS
case
in
in
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nmod
Number=Sing
soil
soil
NOUN
NN
punct
:
:
PUNCT
:
appos
Number=Sing
nitrogen
nitrogen
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
conj
Number=Sing
phosphorus
phosphorus
NOUN
NN
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Number=Sing
potassium
potassium
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (PRP They)) (ADVP (RB also)) (VP (VBP need) (NP (NP (JJR smaller) (NNS amounts)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NP (JJ other) (JJ chemical) (NNS substances)) (PP (IN like) (NP (NN calcium))))))) (. .)))
They also need smaller amounts of other chemical substances like calcium.
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
They
PRON
PRP
advmod
also
also
ADV
RB
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
need
need
VERB
VBP
amod
Degree=Cmp
small
smaller
ADJ
JJR
obj
Number=Plur
amount
amounts
NOUN
NNS
case
of
of
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
other
other
ADJ
JJ
amod
Degree=Pos
chemical
chemical
ADJ
JJ
nmod
Number=Plur
substance
substances
NOUN
NNS
case
like
like
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
calcium
calcium
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (SBAR (IN If) (S (NP (EX there)) (VP (VBZ is) (NP (NP (ADJP (RB too) (JJ little))) (PP (IN of) (NP (NP (DT any)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT these) (NNS substances)))))) (PP (IN in) (NP (DT the) (NN soil)))))) (, ,) (NP (NNS plants)) (VP (MD ca) (RB n't) (VP (VB grow) (ADVP (RB well)))) (. .)))
If there is too little of any of these substances in the soil, plants can't grow well.
mark
if
If
SCONJ
IN
expl
there
there
PRON
EX
advcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
VERB
VBZ
advmod
too
too
ADV
RB
nsubj
Degree=Pos
little
little
ADJ
JJ
case
of
of
ADP
IN
obl
any
any
DET
DT
case
of
of
ADP
IN
det
Number=Plur|PronType=Dem
this
these
DET
DT
nmod
Number=Plur
substance
substances
NOUN
NNS
case
in
in
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
soil
soil
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nsubj
Number=Plur
plant
plants
NOUN
NNS
aux
VerbForm=Fin
can
ca
AUX
MD
advmod
not
n't
PART
RB
root
VerbForm=Inf
grow
grow
VERB
VB
advmod
Degree=Pos
well
well
ADV
RB
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (SBAR (WHADVP (WRB When)) (S (NP (DT a) (NN plant)) (VP (VBZ grows)))) (, ,) (NP (NP (PRP it))) (VP (VP (VBZ takes) (PRT (RP up)) (NP (DT these) (JJ basic) (NNS substances)) (PP (IN from) (NP (DT the) (NN soil)))) (CC and) (VP (VBZ builds) (NP (PRP them)) (PP (IN into) (NP (PRP itself))))) (. .)))
When a plant grows, it takes up these basic substances from the soil and builds them into itself.
advmod
PronType=Int
when
When
ADV
WRB
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Sing
plant
plant
NOUN
NN
advcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
grow
grows
VERB
VBZ
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nsubj
Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs
it
it
PRON
PRP
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
take
takes
VERB
VBZ
compound:prt
up
up
ADP
RP
det
Number=Plur|PronType=Dem
this
these
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
basic
basic
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Plur
substance
substances
NOUN
NNS
case
from
from
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
soil
soil
NOUN
NN
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
build
builds
VERB
VBZ
obj
Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
them
PRON
PRP
case
into
into
ADP
IN
obl
Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes
itself
itself
PRON
PRP
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (SBAR (IN If) (S (NP (PRP we)) (VP (VP (VBP remove) (NP (DT the) (NN plant)) (PP (IN from) (NP (DT the) (NN soil)))) (CC and) (VP (VBP use) (NP (PRP it)) (PP (IN for) (NP (NN food))))))) (, ,) (NP (PRP we)) (VP (VBP are) (VP (VBG taking) (NP (NP (DT some)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT these) (NNS substances)))) (ADVP (RB away)))) (, ,) (CC and) (S (NP (DT this)) (VP (VBZ means) (SBAR (IN that) (S (NP (JJ future) (NNS plants)) (VP (MD will) (VP (VB find) (NP (NP (JJR less)) (PP (IN of) (NP (PRP them)))) (PP (IN in) (NP (DT the) (NN soil))))))))) (. .)))
If we remove the plant from the soil and use it for food, we are taking some of these substances away, and this means that future plants will find less of them in the soil.
mark
if
If
SCONJ
IN
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs
we
we
PRON
PRP
advcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
remove
remove
VERB
VBP
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
plant
plant
NOUN
NN
case
from
from
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
soil
soil
NOUN
NN
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
use
use
VERB
VBP
obj
Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs
it
it
PRON
PRP
case
for
for
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Sing
food
food
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs
we
we
PRON
PRP
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
root
Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part
take
taking
VERB
VBG
obj
some
some
DET
DT
case
of
of
ADP
IN
det
Number=Plur|PronType=Dem
this
these
DET
DT
nmod
Number=Plur
substance
substances
NOUN
NNS
advmod
away
away
ADV
RB
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
nsubj
Number=Sing|PronType=Dem
this
this
PRON
DT
conj
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
mean
means
VERB
VBZ
mark
that
that
SCONJ
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
future
future
ADJ
JJ
nsubj
Number=Plur
plant
plants
NOUN
NNS
aux
VerbForm=Fin
will
will
AUX
MD
ccomp
VerbForm=Inf
find
find
VERB
VB
obj
Degree=Cmp
less
less
ADJ
JJR
case
of
of
ADP
IN
obl
Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
them
PRON
PRP
case
in
in
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
soil
soil
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (PP (IN In) (NP (NN time))) (, ,) (NP (DT the) (NN soil)) (VP (MD would) (VP (VB become) (ADJP (RB too) (JJ poor) (SBAR (IN for) (S (NP (NNS plants)) (VP (TO to) (VP (VB grow) (PP (IN in) (NP (PRP it))) (ADVP (IN at) (DT all))))))))) (. .)))
In time, the soil would become too poor for plants to grow in it at all.
case
in
In
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Sing
time
time
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Sing
soil
soil
NOUN
NN
aux
VerbForm=Fin
would
would
AUX
MD
root
VerbForm=Inf
become
become
VERB
VB
advmod
too
too
ADV
RB
xcomp
Degree=Pos
poor
poor
ADJ
JJ
case
for
for
ADP
IN
nsubj
Number=Plur
plant
plants
NOUN
NNS
mark
to
to
PART
TO
advcl
VerbForm=Inf
grow
grow
VERB
VB
case
in
in
ADP
IN
obl
Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs
it
it
PRON
PRP
case
at
at
ADP
IN
obl
all
all
DET
DT
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (S (VP (TO To) (VP (VB prevent) (NP (DT this))))) (NP (PRP we)) (VP (MD must) (VP (VB put) (NP (JJ basic) (NNS substances)) (ADVP (RB back)))) (. .)))
To prevent this we must put basic substances back.
mark
to
To
PART
TO
advcl
VerbForm=Inf
prevent
prevent
VERB
VB
obj
Number=Sing|PronType=Dem
this
this
PRON
DT
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs
we
we
PRON
PRP
aux
VerbForm=Fin
must
must
AUX
MD
root
VerbForm=Inf
put
put
VERB
VB
amod
Degree=Pos
basic
basic
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Plur
substance
substances
NOUN
NNS
advmod
back
back
ADV
RB
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (NP (CD One) (NN way)) (PP (IN of) (S (VP (VBG doing) (NP (DT this)))))) (VP (VBZ is) (S (VP (VBG putting) (NP (NN manure)) (PP (IN on) (NP (DT the) (NN soil)))))) (. .)))
One way of doing this is putting manure on the soil.
nummod
NumForm=Word|NumType=Card
one
One
NUM
CD
nsubj:outer
Number=Sing
way
way
NOUN
NN
mark
of
of
SCONJ
IN
acl
VerbForm=Ger
do
doing
VERB
VBG
obj
Number=Sing|PronType=Dem
this
this
PRON
DT
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
AUX
VBZ
root
Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part
put
putting
VERB
VBG
obj
Number=Sing
manure
manure
NOUN
NN
case
on
on
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
soil
soil
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (S (NP (DT This)) (VP (VBZ contains) (NP (NP (DT the) (NNS remains)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NP (NNS plants)) (SBAR (WHNP (WDT that)) (S (VP (VBP have) (VP (VBN been) (VP (VBN eaten))))))))))) (, ,) (CC and) (, ,) (S (SBAR (IN if) (S (NP (PRP we)) (VP (VBP add) (NP (PRP it)) (PP (IN to) (NP (DT the) (NN soil)))))) (, ,) (NP (PRP we)) (VP (VBP are) (VP (VBG returning) (NP (NP (DT some)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (JJ basic) (NNS substances))))))) (. .)))
This contains the remains of plants that have been eaten, and, if we add it to the soil, we are returning some of the basic substances.
nsubj
Number=Sing|PronType=Dem
this
This
PRON
DT
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
contain
contains
VERB
VBZ
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obj
Number=Plur
remains
remains
NOUN
NNS
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Plur
plant
plants
NOUN
NNS
nsubj:pass
PronType=Rel
that
that
PRON
WDT
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
have
have
AUX
VBP
aux:pass
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part
be
been
AUX
VBN
acl:relcl
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
eat
eaten
VERB
VBN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
mark
if
if
SCONJ
IN
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs
we
we
PRON
PRP
advcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
add
add
VERB
VBP
obj
Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs
it
it
PRON
PRP
case
to
to
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
soil
soil
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs
we
we
PRON
PRP
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
conj
Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part
return
returning
VERB
VBG
obj
some
some
DET
DT
case
of
of
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
basic
basic
ADJ
JJ
nmod
Number=Plur
substance
substances
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (PP (PP (IN In) (NP (NNP Europe))) (CC and) (PP (IN in) (NP (NP (NN prefix)) (SYM =) (NP (NN st1) (NNP /Japan))))) (, ,) (NP (NP (NN manure)) (PP (IN from) (NP (NNS animals)))) (VP (VBZ has) (SBAR (IN for) (S (ADVP (RB long)) (VP (VBN been) (VP (VBN used) (PP (IN in) (NP (DT this) (NN way)))))))) (. .)))
In Europe and in prefix = st1 /Japan, manure from animals has for long been used in this way.
case
in
In
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Sing
Europe
Europe
PROPN
NNP
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
case
in
in
ADP
IN
conj
Number=Sing
prefix
prefix
NOUN
NN
root
=
=
SYM
SYM
obj
Number=Sing
st1
st1
NOUN
NN
flat
Number=Sing
/Japan
/Japan
PROPN
NNP
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nsubj:pass
Number=Sing
manure
manure
NOUN
NN
case
from
from
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Plur
animal
animals
NOUN
NNS
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
have
has
AUX
VBZ
mark
for
for
SCONJ
IN
advmod
Degree=Pos
long
long
ADV
RB
aux:pass
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part
be
been
AUX
VBN
parataxis
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
use
used
VERB
VBN
case
in
in
ADP
IN
det
Number=Sing|PronType=Dem
this
this
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
way
way
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (ADVP (RB Unfortunately) (JJ much)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN animal) (NN waste)) (NP (NNS inIndiais))))) (VP (VBN used) (PP (IN as) (NP (NN fuel))) (SBAR (IN because) (S (NP (EX there)) (VP (VBZ is) (RB not) (NP (NP (JJ enough) (NN wood)) (SBAR (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB burn)))))))))) (. .)))
Unfortunately much of the animal waste inIndiais used as fuel because there is not enough wood to burn.
advmod
unfortunately
Unfortunately
ADV
RB
root
Degree=Pos
much
much
ADJ
JJ
case
of
of
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
compound
Number=Sing
animal
animal
NOUN
NN
compound
Number=Sing
waste
waste
NOUN
NN
obl
Number=Plur
inIndiai
inIndiais
NOUN
NNS
acl
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part
use
used
VERB
VBN
case
as
as
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Sing
fuel
fuel
NOUN
NN
mark
because
because
SCONJ
IN
expl
there
there
PRON
EX
advcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
VERB
VBZ
advmod
not
not
PART
RB
amod
Degree=Pos
enough
enough
ADJ
JJ
nsubj
Number=Sing
wood
wood
NOUN
NN
mark
to
to
PART
TO
acl
VerbForm=Inf
burn
burn
VERB
VB
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (DT This)) (VP (VBZ means) (SBAR (S (NP (EX there)) (VP (VBZ is) (NP (NP (JJR less) (NN manure)) (PP (IN for) (NP (DT the) (NNS crops)))))))) (. .)))
This means there is less manure for the crops.
nsubj
Number=Sing|PronType=Dem
this
This
PRON
DT
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
mean
means
VERB
VBZ
expl
there
there
PRON
EX
ccomp
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
VERB
VBZ
amod
Degree=Cmp
less
less
ADJ
JJR
nsubj
Number=Sing
manure
manure
NOUN
NN
case
for
for
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nmod
Number=Plur
crop
crops
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (SBAR (ADVP (RB Even)) (WHADVP (WRB when)) (S (NP (PRP we)) (VP (VBP use) (NP (NN manure))))) (, ,) (NP (PRP we)) (VP (MD can) (RB not) (VP (VB put) (ADVP (RB back)) (PP (IN into) (NP (DT the) (NN soil))) (NP (NP (NP (JJR more)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (JJ basic) (NNS substances)))) (SBAR (IN than) (S (VP (VBP have) (VP (VBN been) (VP (VBN taken) (PRT (RP out)))))))))) (. .)))
Even when we use manure, we cannot put back into the soil more of the basic substances than have been taken out.
advmod
even
Even
ADV
RB
advmod
PronType=Int
when
when
ADV
WRB
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs
we
we
PRON
PRP
advcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
use
use
VERB
VBP
obj
Number=Sing
manure
manure
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs
we
we
PRON
PRP
aux
VerbForm=Fin
can
can
AUX
MD
advmod
not
not
PART
RB
root
VerbForm=Inf
put
put
VERB
VB
advmod
back
back
ADV
RB
case
into
into
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
soil
soil
NOUN
NN
obj
Degree=Cmp
more
more
ADJ
JJR
case
of
of
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
basic
basic
ADJ
JJ
obl
Number=Plur
substance
substances
NOUN
NNS
mark
than
than
SCONJ
IN
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
have
have
AUX
VBP
aux:pass
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part
be
been
AUX
VBN
advcl
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
take
taken
VERB
VBN
compound:prt
out
out
ADP
RP
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (S (ADVP (RB Often)) (NP (DT the) (NN soil)) (VP (VBZ does) (RB not) (VP (VB have) (NP (NP (JJ enough)) (PP (IN of) (NP (PRP them)))) (PP (IN in) (NP (DT the) (JJ first) (NN place)))))) (, ,) (CC and) (RB so) (S (NP (PRP we)) (VP (MD must) (VP (VB provide) (NP (JJ extra) (NNS supplies))))) (. .)))
Often the soil does not have enough of them in the first place, and so we must provide extra supplies.
advmod
often
Often
ADV
RB
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Sing
soil
soil
NOUN
NN
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
do
does
AUX
VBZ
advmod
not
not
PART
RB
root
VerbForm=Inf
have
have
VERB
VB
obj
Degree=Pos
enough
enough
ADJ
JJ
case
of
of
ADP
IN
obl
Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
them
PRON
PRP
case
in
in
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos|NumType=Ord
first
first
ADJ
JJ
obl
Number=Sing
place
place
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
advmod
so
so
ADV
RB
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs
we
we
PRON
PRP
aux
VerbForm=Fin
must
must
AUX
MD
conj
VerbForm=Inf
provide
provide
VERB
VB
amod
Degree=Pos
extra
extra
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Plur
supplies
supplies
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (PRP We)) (VP (MD can) (VP (VB use) (NP (JJ chemical) (NNS fertilizers)))) (. .)))
We can use chemical fertilizers.
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs
we
We
PRON
PRP
aux
VerbForm=Fin
can
can
AUX
MD
root
VerbForm=Inf
use
use
VERB
VB
amod
Degree=Pos
chemical
chemical
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Plur
fertilizer
fertilizers
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (NP (NNS Experiments)) (PP (IN in) (NP (NNP Indiahave)))) (VP (VBD shown) (SBAR (IN that) (, ,) (S (SBAR (IN if) (S (NP (PRP we)) (VP (VBP use) (NP (NP (DT a) (NN fertilizer)) (VP (VBG containing) (NP (NP (DT a) (NN mixture)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN nitrogen) (CC and) (NN phosphorus))))))))) (, ,) (NP (PRP we)) (VP (VBP get) (NP (NP (QP (PDT half) (RB as) (JJ much)) (NN rice)) (ADVP (RB again)) (PP (IN from) (NP (DT the) (NNS crops))) (PP (IN on) (NP (NP (DT any) (CD one) (NN piece)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN land)))))))))) (. .)))
Experiments in Indiahave shown that, if we use a fertilizer containing a mixture of nitrogen and phosphorus, we get half as much rice again from the crops on any one piece of land.
nsubj
Number=Plur
experiment
Experiments
NOUN
NNS
case
in
in
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
Indiahave
Indiahave
PROPN
NNP
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
show
shown
VERB
VBD
mark
that
that
SCONJ
IN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
mark
if
if
SCONJ
IN
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs
we
we
PRON
PRP
advcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
use
use
VERB
VBP
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
fertilizer
fertilizer
NOUN
NN
acl
VerbForm=Ger
contain
containing
VERB
VBG
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
mixture
mixture
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
nitrogen
nitrogen
NOUN
NN
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Number=Sing
phosphorus
phosphorus
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs
we
we
PRON
PRP
ccomp
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
get
get
VERB
VBP
det:predet
NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac|PronType=Neg
half
half
DET
PDT
advmod
as
as
ADV
RB
amod
Degree=Pos
much
much
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Sing
rice
rice
NOUN
NN
advmod
again
again
ADV
RB
case
from
from
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obl
Number=Plur
crop
crops
NOUN
NNS
case
on
on
ADP
IN
det
any
any
DET
DT
nummod
NumForm=Word|NumType=Card
one
one
NUM
CD
obl
Number=Sing
piece
piece
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
land
land
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
Although men and women have been growing crops for thousands of years, they have not always had enough to eat. Even today, many people in the world go hungry, and even die of hunger. If we are to grow enough for everybody, we have to grow more crops and better crops.  Plants need the right food in order to grow. In particular, they need three chemical substances in the soil: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. They also need smaller amounts of other chemical substances like calcium. If there is too little of any of these substances in the soil, plants can't grow well.  When a plant grows, it takes up these basic substances from the soil and builds them into itself. If we remove the plant from the soil and use it for food, we are taking some of these substances away, and this means that future plants will find less of them in the soil. In time, the soil would become too poor for plants to grow in it at all.  To prevent this we must put basic substances back. One way of doing this is putting manure on the soil. This contains the remains of plants that have been eaten, and, if we add it to the soil, we are returning some of the basic substances. In Europe and in prefix = st1 /Japan, manure from animals has for long been used in this way. Unfortunately much of the animal waste inIndiais used as fuel because there is not enough wood to burn. This means there is less manure for the crops.  Even when we use manure, we cannot put back into the soil more of the basic substances than have been taken out. Often the soil does not have enough of them in the first place, and so we must provide extra supplies. We can use chemical fertilizers. Experiments in Indiahave shown that, if we use a fertilizer containing a mixture of nitrogen and phosphorus, we get half as much rice again from the crops on any one piece of land.