(ROOT (S (NP (NN Coffee)) (VP (VBZ grows) (PP (ADVP (RB only)) (IN in) (NP (DT the) (NNS tropics)))) (. .)))
Coffee grows only in the tropics.
nsubj
Number=Sing
coffee
Coffee
NOUN
NN
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
grow
grows
VERB
VBZ
advmod
only
only
ADV
RB
case
in
in
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obl
Number=Plur
tropic
tropics
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (DT The) (NN temperature)) (VP (MD must) (VP (VB be) (NP (QP (RB between) (CD 65) (CC and) (CD 70)) (NNS degrees) (NNP Fahrenheit)))) (. .)))
The temperature must be between 65 and 70 degrees Fahrenheit.
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
The
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Sing
temperature
temperature
NOUN
NN
aux
VerbForm=Fin
must
must
AUX
MD
cop
VerbForm=Inf
be
be
AUX
VB
advmod
between
between
ADV
RB
root
NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card
65
65
NUM
CD
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
nummod
NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card
70
70
NUM
CD
conj
Number=Plur
degree
degrees
NOUN
NNS
nmod:npmod
Number=Sing
Fahrenheit
Fahrenheit
PROPN
NNP
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (S (NP (NN Coffee)) (VP (MD must) (VP (VB have) (VP (NN shade) (PP (IN from) (NP (JJ nearby) (NNS trees))))))) (, ,) (CC but) (S (NP (PRP it)) (ADVP (RB also)) (VP (VBZ requires) (NP (NP (QP (ADVP (IN at) (JJS least)) (CD two)) (NNS hours)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN sunlight)))) (NP (DT each) (NN day)))) (. .)))
Coffee must have shade from nearby trees, but it also requires at least two hours of sunlight each day.
nsubj
Number=Sing
coffee
Coffee
NOUN
NN
aux
VerbForm=Fin
must
must
AUX
MD
root
VerbForm=Inf
have
have
VERB
VB
obj
Number=Sing
shade
shade
NOUN
NN
case
from
from
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
nearby
nearby
ADJ
JJ
obl
Number=Plur
tree
trees
NOUN
NNS
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
cc
but
but
CCONJ
CC
nsubj
Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs
it
it
PRON
PRP
advmod
also
also
ADV
RB
conj
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
require
requires
VERB
VBZ
case
at
at
ADP
IN
nmod
Degree=Sup
least
least
ADJ
JJS
nummod
NumForm=Word|NumType=Card
two
two
NUM
CD
obj
Number=Plur
hour
hours
NOUN
NNS
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
sunlight
sunlight
NOUN
NN
det
each
each
DET
DT
obl:tmod
Number=Sing
day
day
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (NP (NP (PRP It))) (VP (VBD was) (PP (IN in) (NP (DT the) (NN 18thand) (NNS 19thcenturies))) (SBAR (IN that) (S (NP (NP (NN coffee) (NNS seeds)) (PP (IN from) (NP (DT the) (NNP Middle) (NNP East)))) (VP (VBD were) (VP (VBN taken) (PP (IN to) (NP (NP (NNP Latin) (NNP America)) (, ,) (NP (DT the) (NNP Carribean)) (, ,) (CC and) (NP (NNP Africa))))))))) (. .)))
It was in the 18thand 19thcenturies that coffee seeds from the Middle East were taken to Latin America, the Carribean, and Africa.
nsubj
Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs
it
It
PRON
PRP
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
be
was
AUX
VBD
case
in
in
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
root
Number=Sing
18thand
18thand
NOUN
NN
compound
Number=Plur
19thcentury
19thcenturies
NOUN
NNS
mark
that
that
SCONJ
IN
compound
Number=Sing
coffee
coffee
NOUN
NN
nsubj:pass
Number=Plur
seed
seeds
NOUN
NNS
case
from
from
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
Middle
Middle
ADJ
NNP
nmod
Number=Sing
East
East
PROPN
NNP
aux:pass
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
be
were
AUX
VBD
acl:relcl
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
take
taken
VERB
VBN
case
to
to
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
Latin
Latin
ADJ
NNP
obl
Number=Sing
America
America
PROPN
NNP
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
conj
Number=Sing
Carribean
Carribean
PROPN
NNP
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Number=Sing
Africa
Africa
PROPN
NNP
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (PRP It)) (VP (VBD spread) (ADVP (RB fast)) (, ,) (PP (IN with) (NP (NP (NN demand)) (PP (IN for) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN coffee)) (VP (VBG growing) (PP (IN in) (NP (NP (DT the) (JJ northern) (NN part)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (NN world))))))))))) (. .)))
It spread fast, with demand for the coffee growing in the northern part of the world.
nsubj
Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs
it
It
PRON
PRP
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
spread
spread
VERB
VBD
advmod
Degree=Pos
fast
fast
ADV
RB
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
case
with
with
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Sing
demand
demand
NOUN
NN
case
for
for
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nmod
Number=Sing
coffee
coffee
NOUN
NN
acl
VerbForm=Ger
grow
growing
VERB
VBG
case
in
in
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
northern
northern
ADJ
JJ
obl
Number=Sing
part
part
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nmod
Number=Sing
world
world
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (NP (NNS Millions)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NP (NNS acres)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN rainforest) (CC and) (NN jungle)))))) (VP (VBD were) (VP (VBN planted) (PP (IN with) (NP (NN coffee) (NNS trees))))) (. .)))
Millions of acres of rainforest and jungle were planted with coffee trees.
nsubj:pass
Number=Plur
million
Millions
NOUN
NNS
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Plur
acre
acres
NOUN
NNS
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
rainforest
rainforest
NOUN
NN
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
conj
Number=Sing
jungle
jungle
NOUN
NN
aux:pass
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
be
were
AUX
VBD
root
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
plant
planted
VERB
VBN
case
with
with
ADP
IN
compound
Number=Sing
coffee
coffee
NOUN
NN
obl
Number=Plur
tree
trees
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (PP (IN Because) (IN of) (NP (NP (NP (NP (NN coffee) (POS 's)) (NN need)) (PP (IN for) (NP (NN shade)))) (CC and) (NP (PRP$ its) (NN ability) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB be) (VP (VBN grown) (PP (IN alongside) (NP (JJ other) (NNS crops)))))))))) (, ,) (NP (DT the) (JJ small) (NN coffee) (NNS trees)) (VP (VBD did) (RB n't) (VP (VB require) (S (NP (DT any) (NNS forests)) (VP (TO to) (VP (VB be) (VP (VBN cleared))))))) (. .)))
Because of coffee's need for shade and its ability to be grown alongside other crops, the small coffee trees didn't require any forests to be cleared.
case
because
Because
ADP
IN
fixed
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod:poss
Number=Sing
coffee
coffee
NOUN
NN
case
's
's
PART
POS
obl
Number=Sing
need
need
NOUN
NN
case
for
for
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
shade
shade
NOUN
NN
cc
and
and
CCONJ
CC
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
its
its
PRON
PRP$
conj
Number=Sing
ability
ability
NOUN
NN
mark
to
to
PART
TO
aux:pass
VerbForm=Inf
be
be
AUX
VB
acl
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
grow
grown
VERB
VBN
case
alongside
alongside
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
other
other
ADJ
JJ
obl
Number=Plur
crop
crops
NOUN
NNS
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
small
small
ADJ
JJ
compound
Number=Sing
coffee
coffee
NOUN
NN
nsubj
Number=Plur
tree
trees
NOUN
NNS
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
do
did
AUX
VBD
advmod
not
n't
PART
RB
root
VerbForm=Inf
require
require
VERB
VB
det
any
any
DET
DT
obj
Number=Plur
forest
forests
NOUN
NNS
mark
to
to
PART
TO
aux:pass
VerbForm=Inf
be
be
AUX
VB
acl
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass
clear
cleared
VERB
VBN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (CC But) (NP (DT this)) (VP (VBD took) (NP (DT a) (JJ bad) (NN turn)) (PP (IN in) (NP (CD 1970))) (SBAR (WHADVP (WRB when)) (S (NP (NNP US) (JJ agricultural) (NNS scientists)) (VP (VBD decided) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB develop) (NP (NP (DT a) (JJ new) (NN coffee) (NN plant)) (SBAR (WHNP (WDT that)) (S (VP (VBD grew) (PP (ADVP (RB only)) (IN in) (NP (DT the) (JJ full) (NN sun)))))))))))))) (. .)))
But this took a bad turn in 1970 when US agricultural scientists decided to develop a new coffee plant that grew only in the full sun.
cc
but
But
CCONJ
CC
nsubj
Number=Sing|PronType=Dem
this
this
PRON
DT
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
take
took
VERB
VBD
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
bad
bad
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Sing
turn
turn
NOUN
NN
case
in
in
ADP
IN
obl
NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card
1970
1970
NUM
CD
advmod
PronType=Int
when
when
ADV
WRB
compound
Number=Sing
US
US
PROPN
NNP
amod
Degree=Pos
agricultural
agricultural
ADJ
JJ
nsubj
Number=Plur
scientist
scientists
NOUN
NNS
advcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
decide
decided
VERB
VBD
mark
to
to
PART
TO
xcomp
VerbForm=Inf
develop
develop
VERB
VB
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
new
new
ADJ
JJ
compound
Number=Sing
coffee
coffee
NOUN
NN
obj
Number=Sing
plant
plant
NOUN
NN
nsubj
PronType=Rel
that
that
PRON
WDT
acl:relcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
grow
grew
VERB
VBD
advmod
only
only
ADV
RB
case
in
in
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
full
full
ADJ
JJ
obl
Number=Sing
sun
sun
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (NNP Farmer)) (VP (VBD agreed) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB grow) (NP (DT this) (JJ new) (NN coffee)) (SBAR (IN because) (S (NP (PRP they)) (VP (MD could) (VP (VB produce) (NP (NP (QP (CD five) (NNS times) (JJR more)) (NN coffee)) (PP (IN than) (ADVP (RB before)))))))))))) (. .)))
Farmer agreed to grow this new coffee because they could produce five times more coffee than before.
nsubj
Number=Sing
Farmer
Farmer
PROPN
NNP
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
agree
agreed
VERB
VBD
mark
to
to
PART
TO
xcomp
VerbForm=Inf
grow
grow
VERB
VB
det
Number=Sing|PronType=Dem
this
this
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
new
new
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Sing
coffee
coffee
NOUN
NN
mark
because
because
SCONJ
IN
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
they
PRON
PRP
aux
VerbForm=Fin
could
could
AUX
MD
advcl
VerbForm=Inf
produce
produce
VERB
VB
nummod
NumForm=Word|NumType=Card
five
five
NUM
CD
obl:npmod
Number=Plur
time
times
NOUN
NNS
amod
Degree=Cmp
more
more
ADJ
JJR
obj
Number=Sing
coffee
coffee
NOUN
NN
case
than
than
ADP
IN
obl
before
before
ADV
RB
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (PP (IN With) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN support)) (PP (IN of) (NP (JJ local) (NNS governments))))) (, ,) (NP (NP (PRP it))) (VP (VBZ is) (RB n't) (ADJP (JJ difficult)) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB understand) (SBAR (WHADVP (WRB why)) (S (NP (JJ many) (JJ traditional) (NN coffee) (NNS fields)) (ADVP (RB quickly)) (VP (VBD became) (NP (JJ modern) (NNS ones))))))))) (. .)))
With the support of local governments, it isn't difficult to understand why many traditional coffee fields quickly became modern ones.
case
with
With
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
support
support
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
amod
Degree=Pos
local
local
ADJ
JJ
nmod
Number=Plur
government
governments
NOUN
NNS
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
expl
Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs
it
it
PRON
PRP
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
AUX
VBZ
advmod
not
n't
PART
RB
root
Degree=Pos
difficult
difficult
ADJ
JJ
mark
to
to
PART
TO
csubj
VerbForm=Inf
understand
understand
VERB
VB
obj
PronType=Int
why
why
ADV
WRB
amod
Degree=Pos
many
many
ADJ
JJ
amod
Degree=Pos
traditional
traditional
ADJ
JJ
compound
Number=Sing
coffee
coffee
NOUN
NN
nsubj
Number=Plur
field
fields
NOUN
NNS
advmod
quickly
quickly
ADV
RB
advcl:relcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin
become
became
VERB
VBD
amod
Degree=Pos
modern
modern
ADJ
JJ
xcomp
Number=Plur
one
ones
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (PP (IN As) (NP (DT a) (NN result))) (, ,) (PP (IN over) (NP (DT the) (JJ past) (CD 40) (NNS years))) (, ,) (NP (NNP Central) (NNP America)) (VP (VBZ has) (VP (VBN lost) (NP (NP (NNS two-thirds)) (PP (IN of) (NP (PRP$ its) (NNS rainforests)))) (PP (IN at) (NP (NP (DT a) (NN rate)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NP (QP (CD 40) (CD million)) (NNS acres)) (PP (IN per) (NP (NN year))))))))) (. .)))
As a result, over the past 40 years, Central America has lost two-thirds of its rainforests at a rate of 40 million acres per year.
case
as
As
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
result
result
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
case
over
over
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
past
past
ADJ
JJ
nummod
NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card
40
40
NUM
CD
obl
Number=Plur
year
years
NOUN
NNS
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
amod
Degree=Pos
Central
Central
ADJ
NNP
nsubj
Number=Sing
America
America
PROPN
NNP
aux
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
have
has
AUX
VBZ
root
Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part
lose
lost
VERB
VBN
obj
NumType=Frac|Number=Sing
two-third
two-thirds
NOUN
NNS
case
of
of
ADP
IN
nmod:poss
Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs
its
its
PRON
PRP$
nmod
Number=Plur
rainforest
rainforests
NOUN
NNS
case
at
at
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Ind|PronType=Art
a
a
DET
DT
obl
Number=Sing
rate
rate
NOUN
NN
case
of
of
ADP
IN
compound
NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card
40
40
NUM
CD
nummod
NumForm=Word|NumType=Card
million
million
NUM
CD
nmod
Number=Plur
acre
acres
NOUN
NNS
case
per
per
ADP
IN
nmod
Number=Sing
year
year
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (DT That) (NN figure)) (VP (VBZ is) (ADJP (JJ similar) (PP (IN to) (NP (NNP Mexico))))) (. .)))
That figure is similar to Mexico.
det
Number=Sing|PronType=Dem
that
That
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Sing
figure
figure
NOUN
NN
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
is
AUX
VBZ
root
Degree=Pos
similar
similar
ADJ
JJ
case
to
to
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Sing
Mexico
Mexico
PROPN
NNP
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (NFP  ))
root
PUNCT
NFP
(ROOT (S (NP (DT These) (JJ modern) (NN coffee) (NNS plantations)) (VP (VBP are) (ADJP (RB very) (JJ harmful)) (SBAR (IN as) (S (NP (NN nothing)) (VP (MD can) (VP (VB grow) (PP (IN in) (NP (NP (DT the) (NNS fields)) (PP (IN besides) (NP (DT the) (NN coffee) (NNS bushes)))))))))) (. .)))
These modern coffee plantations are very harmful as nothing can grow in the fields besides the coffee bushes.
det
Number=Plur|PronType=Dem
this
These
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
modern
modern
ADJ
JJ
compound
Number=Sing
coffee
coffee
NOUN
NN
nsubj
Number=Plur
plantation
plantations
NOUN
NNS
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
advmod
very
very
ADV
RB
root
Degree=Pos
harmful
harmful
ADJ
JJ
mark
as
as
SCONJ
IN
nsubj
Number=Sing|PronType=Neg
nothing
nothing
PRON
NN
aux
VerbForm=Fin
can
can
AUX
MD
advcl
VerbForm=Inf
grow
grow
VERB
VB
case
in
in
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obl
Number=Plur
field
fields
NOUN
NNS
case
besides
besides
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
compound
Number=Sing
coffee
coffee
NOUN
NN
obl
Number=Plur
bush
bushes
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (SBAR (IN As) (S (NP (DT the) (NNS rainforests)) (VP (VBP disappear)))) (, ,) (ADVP (RB so)) (VP (VB do)) (NP (DT the) (NNS animals)) (. .)))
As the rainforests disappear, so do the animals.
mark
as
As
SCONJ
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nsubj
Number=Plur
rainforest
rainforests
NOUN
NNS
advcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
disappear
disappear
VERB
VBP
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
advmod
so
so
ADV
RB
root
Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin
do
do
VERB
VB
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obj
Number=Plur
animal
animals
NOUN
NNS
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (NN Sun) (NNS plantations)) (ADVP (RB also)) (VP (VBP contribute) (PP (IN to) (NP (NN soil) (NN erosion)))) (. .)))
Sun plantations also contribute to soil erosion.
compound
Number=Sing
sun
Sun
NOUN
NN
nsubj
Number=Plur
plantation
plantations
NOUN
NNS
advmod
also
also
ADV
RB
root
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
contribute
contribute
VERB
VBP
case
to
to
ADP
IN
compound
Number=Sing
soil
soil
NOUN
NN
obl
Number=Sing
erosion
erosion
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (S (NP (DT The) (NN coffee) (NNS trees)) (VP (MD must) (VP (VB face) (NP (CONJP (RB not) (RB only)) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN heat)) (PP (IN with) (NP (DT no) (NN protection)))))))) (, ,) (S (NP (PRP they)) (VP (MD must) (ADVP (RB also)) (VP (VB face) (NP (NP (JJ heavy) (NNS rains)) (, ,) (SBAR (WHNP (WDT which)) (S (ADVP (RB slowly)) (VP (VBZ washes) (NP (NP (JJ much)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (NN soil)))) (ADVP (RB away))))))))) (. .)))
The coffee trees must face not only the heat with no protection, they must also face heavy rains, which slowly washes much of the soil away.
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
The
DET
DT
compound
Number=Sing
coffee
coffee
NOUN
NN
nsubj
Number=Plur
tree
trees
NOUN
NNS
aux
VerbForm=Fin
must
must
AUX
MD
root
VerbForm=Inf
face
face
VERB
VB
advmod
not
not
PART
RB
cc:preconj
only
only
ADV
RB
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
obj
Number=Sing
heat
heat
NOUN
NN
case
with
with
ADP
IN
det
no
no
DET
DT
nmod
Number=Sing
protection
protection
NOUN
NN
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nsubj
Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs
they
they
PRON
PRP
aux
VerbForm=Fin
must
must
AUX
MD
advmod
also
also
ADV
RB
parataxis
VerbForm=Inf
face
face
VERB
VB
amod
Degree=Pos
heavy
heavy
ADJ
JJ
obj
Number=Plur
rain
rains
NOUN
NNS
punct
,
,
PUNCT
,
nsubj
PronType=Rel
which
which
PRON
WDT
advmod
slowly
slowly
ADV
RB
acl:relcl
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
wash
washes
VERB
VBZ
obj
Degree=Pos
much
much
ADJ
JJ
case
of
of
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
nmod
Number=Sing
soil
soil
NOUN
NN
advmod
away
away
ADV
RB
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
(ROOT (S (NP (NNP Sun) (NN coffee) (NN field)) (VP (VBP are) (ADVP (RB actually)) (ADJP (JJ risky)) (PP (IN for) (NP (NNS farmers))) (PP (IN in) (NP (DT the) (JJ long) (NN term)))) (. .)))
Sun coffee field are actually risky for farmers in the long term.
compound
Number=Sing
Sun
Sun
PROPN
NNP
compound
Number=Sing
coffee
coffee
NOUN
NN
nsubj
Number=Sing
field
field
NOUN
NN
cop
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
be
are
AUX
VBP
advmod
actually
actually
ADV
RB
root
Degree=Pos
risky
risky
ADJ
JJ
case
for
for
ADP
IN
obl
Number=Plur
farmer
farmers
NOUN
NNS
case
in
in
ADP
IN
det
Definite=Def|PronType=Art
the
the
DET
DT
amod
Degree=Pos
long
long
ADJ
JJ
obl
Number=Sing
term
term
NOUN
NN
punct
.
.
PUNCT
.
Coffee grows only in the tropics. The temperature must be between 65 and 70 degrees Fahrenheit. Coffee must have shade from nearby trees, but it also requires at least two hours of sunlight each day.  It was in the 18thand 19thcenturies that coffee seeds from the Middle East were taken to Latin America, the Carribean, and Africa. It spread fast, with demand for the coffee growing in the northern part of the world. Millions of acres of rainforest and jungle were planted with coffee trees. Because of coffee's need for shade and its ability to be grown alongside other crops, the small coffee trees didn't require any forests to be cleared.  But this took a bad turn in 1970 when US agricultural scientists decided to develop a new coffee plant that grew only in the full sun. Farmer agreed to grow this new coffee because they could produce five times more coffee than before. With the support of local governments, it isn't difficult to understand why many traditional coffee fields quickly became modern ones. As a result, over the past 40 years, Central America has lost two-thirds of its rainforests at a rate of 40 million acres per year. That figure is similar to Mexico.  These modern coffee plantations are very harmful as nothing can grow in the fields besides the coffee bushes. As the rainforests disappear, so do the animals. Sun plantations also contribute to soil erosion. The coffee trees must face not only the heat with no protection, they must also face heavy rains, which slowly washes much of the soil away. Sun coffee field are actually risky for farmers in the long term.