# Ensemble of MRR and NDCG models for Visual Dialog

Idan Schwartz
Technion
NetApp
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>
###### Abstract

Assessing an AI agent that can converse in human language and understand
visual content is challenging. Generation metrics, such as BLEU scores favor
correct syntax over semantics. Hence a discriminative approach is often used,
where an agent ranks a set of candidate options. The mean reciprocal rank
(MRR) metric evaluates the model performance by taking into account the rank
of a single human-derived answer. This approach, however, raises a new
challenge: the ambiguity and synonymy of answers, for instance, semantic
equivalence (_e.g_., ‘yeah’ and ‘yes’). To address this, the normalized
discounted cumulative gain (NDCG) metric has been used to capture the
relevance of all the correct answers via dense annotations. However, the NDCG
metric favors the usually applicable uncertain answers such as ‘I don’t know.’
Crafting a model that excels on both MRR and NDCG metrics is challenging
(Murahari et al., 2020). Ideally, an AI agent should answer a human-like reply
and validate the correctness of any answer. To address this issue, we describe
a two-step non-parametric ranking approach that can merge strong MRR and NDCG
models. Using our approach, we manage to keep most MRR state-of-the-art
performance (70.41% _vs_. 71.24%) and the NDCG state-of-the-art performance
(72.16% _vs_. 75.35%). Moreover, our approach won the recent Visual Dialog
2020 challenge. Source code is available at https://github.com/idansc/mrr-
ndcg.

##  1 Introduction

Das et al. (2017) introduced the task of Visual Dialog, which requires an
agent to converse about visual input. Evaluating visually aware conversation
should examine both linguistic properties and visual reasoning. Analysis of
generative metrics for dialog often shows no correlation with human judgments
(Liu et al., 2016). Hence, to evaluate the correctness of the candidate
answers, a retrieval approach is preferred. Two metrics are standard, MRR and
NDCG. The MRR metric focuses on a single human-derived ground-truth answer.
Despite preferring the more human-like answer, the metric ignores many correct
candidate answers. Differently, the NDCG considers the rank of all the correct
answers. The metric relies on dense annotation, where three annotators were
asked to mark all the correct candidate answers. However, the candidate
answers are generated plausible answers. The analysis shows that the NDCG
metric favors uncertain, generally correct answers, such as “not sure”
(Murahari et al., 2020; Qi et al., 2020).

Figure 1: A visual dialog interaction. The question asks, “what is the
nightstand made of ?”. We show our final ranking, created by the ensemble of
an MRR/NDCG models’ rankings. The MRR/NDCG models are trained to optimize the
MRR/NDCG metric. The MRR metric measures the number of retrievals to retrieve
the human-derived answer. Hence, the MRR model favors human-like and detailed
answers. On the other hand, the NDCG metric measures the rank of all the
correct candidates based on dense annotation, which are often general and
uncertain. Our ensemble approach seeks a minimal candidate set that is likely
to contain the human-derived answer. The remaining candidates are ranked
according to the NDCG model.

Prior work in visual dialog focused on a single metric. Ideally, an AI agent
should answer human-like and detailed reply (the MRR metric) and be able to
validate the correctness of any answer (the NDCG metric). However, crafting a
model that excels in both metrics is challenging (Murahari et al., 2020). To
this end, we propose principals to ensemble the rankings of strong MRR and
NDCG models. Our approach is to find a minimal set that is likely to hold the
human-derived answer. This permits ranking the rest of the candidates
according to the NDCG model. Our approach won the recent Visual Dialog 2020
challenge and achieved strong performance on both the MRR and the NDCG metrics
simultaneously.

##  2 Related Work

Visual conversation evaluation: Early attempts to marry conversation with
vision used street scene images, and binary questions (Geman et al., 2015).
While binary answers are easy to verify, such an approach is limiting for an
AI agent. On the other hand, analysis of generative metrics for dialog often
show no correlation with human judgements (Liu et al., 2016). Intuitively,
metrics like BLEU-scores rely on corresponding words with the ground-truth
answer and often miss synonyms or the subjective nature. More importantly,
generative metrics are geared toward textual assessment rather than visual
reasoning, which results in models mainly relying on textual cues (Schwartz et
al., 2019a). Malinowski and Fritz (2014) suggest Wu-Palmer similarity metric
that calculates similarity based on the depth of two words based on the
WordNet taxonomy (Miller, 1995). A different approach suggested in the VQA
dataset focus only on brief, mostly 1-word answers (Antol et al., 2015). In
this setup, the task turns into popular answers classification, alleviating
many text-generation challenges. Notably, VQA requires 3 out of 10 annotators
to agree on the answer, which is robust to inter-person variation. Still,
accuracy ignores the reasoning process. Hudson and Manning (2019) propose GQA,
which extends the accuracy metric and uses a scene graph for both question
generation and evaluation. Following, Das et al. (2017) propose the VisDial
dataset for the visual dialog task, which formulates multiple image-language
interactions via a dialog. Concurrently, de Vries et al. (2017) propose
GuessWhat, a goal-driven dialog dataset for object identification. Different
from VQA and goal-driven dialogs, the VisDial answers are detailed and more
human-like. For instance, in Fig. 1, the answer is “Can’t tell…cloth”, while a
VQA answer would be “cloth”. Therefore, metrics that require exact matching
are no longer suitable. Instead, each question is accompanied with 100
candidate answers. Consequently, the metric has been shifted from accuracy to
retrieval-based metrics, _e.g_., MRR and NDCG. Prior works focus on optimizing
a single metric (Guo et al., 2019; Jiang et al., 2020; Hu et al., 2017; Gan et
al., 2019). Differently, Murahari et al. (2020) attempt to optimize both
metrics with a joint loss. Still, a dedicated single metric model is superior.
Instead, we propose principals to ensemble two dedicated models, one for NDCG
and one for MRR. Our approach allows most of the MRR and NDCG to be preserved
simultaneously.

Visual dialog models: Various approaches were proposed to solve the Visual
Dialog task. Most of them focus on dialog history reasoning per interaction.
Serban et al. (2017) propose history hierarchical encoding. Seo et al. (2017)
introduce a memory network based on attention, which also addressed co-
referential issues. Kottur et al. (2018) focus on visual co-reference. Jain et
al. (2019) concatenate representations of all the cues (_e.g_., image,
question, history, and caption) per candidate answer. Zheng et al. (2019)
employ a graph structure learning. Schwartz et al. (2019b) propose a model,
namely Factor Graph Attention (FGA), that lets all entities (_e.g_., question-
words, image-regions, answer-candidate, and caption-words) interact to infer
an attention map for each modality. An ensemble of five FGA models achieves
the state-of-the-art MRR performance. However, FGA optimizes using the sparse
annotations, _i.e_., the human-derived answer. Murahari et al. (2020) recently
propose Large-Scale(LS) model, which pre-trains on related vision-language
datasets, _e.g_., Conceptual Captions and Visual Question Answering(Sharma et
al., 2018; Antol et al., 2015). Concurrently, Wang et al. (2020) leverage the
pretrained BERT language models, and Nguyen et al. (2020) propose a
lightweight Transformer that handles the interplay between many modalities.
The three methods mentioned above finetune using the dense annotation (_i.e_.,
human assessment of all the candidates), resulting in a substantial
improvement on the NDCG metric. Importantly, Murahari  _et al_. find that
finetuning a model for NDCG hurts MRR performance. This work demonstrates that
re-ranking MRR model (_e.g_., FGA) and NDCG model (_e.g_., LS) with simple
principles keeps most MRR and NDCG performance.

##  3 Two-step Rank Ensemble

The MRR metric depends on a single human-derived answer. Hence, given that
this answer is ranked highly, the remaining candidates can be ranked according
to the NDCG model. In the following, we describe two steps: (i) the MRR step
responsible for preserving the human-derived rank high, and (ii) the NDCG step
responsible for ranking the remaining candidates based on the NDCG model.

###  3.1 Setup

We are given a set of dialog questions
$\\{(q,\mathcal{C}_{q})_{i}\\}_{i=1}^{d}$, where $d$ is the dataset size, $q$
is a dialog question, and $\mathcal{C}_{q}=\\{c_{q,j}\\}_{j=1}^{100}$ are the
corresponding candidates. The MRR metric, _i.e_., the inverse harmonic mean of
rank, is defined as:

$\displaystyle\mathrm{MRR}=\frac{1}{d}\sum_{i=1}^{d}\frac{1}{r_{\text{i}}},$
(1)

where $r_{i}$ is the rank of the human response for the $i$-th dialog
question. The DCG, _i.e_., discounted cumulative gain over the $K$ correct
answers, is defined as:

$\displaystyle{\mathrm{DCG_{K}}=\sum_{i=1}^{K}{\frac{s_{i}}{\log_{2}(i+1)}},}$
(2)

where $s_{i}$ is a binary score, representing the fraction of annotators that
marked the candidate at position as correct. We normalize by the ideal
$\textstyle\mathrm{DCG_{K}}$ score ($\textstyle\mathrm{IDCG_{K}}$), _i.e_.,
$\textstyle{\mathrm{NDCG_{{K}}}}={\mathrm{\frac{DCG_{{K}}}{IDCG_{{K}}}}}$. We
denote the set of MRR models as $\mathcal{M}=\\{M_{1},\ldots,M_{n_{m}}\\}$
where $n_{m}$ is the number of MRR models. Each MRR model is built by altering
the initial conditions. We denote the NDCG model as $N$. We define an operator
$\operatorname{T}(M,n,q)$ that returns the model $M$’s top $n$ responses given
a question $q$. Next, we describe the MRR step that aims to keep the MRR
score.

###  3.2 MRR step

The purpose of the MRR step is to find a minimal candidate set
$\mathcal{C}_{\text{MRR},q}$ that is likely to contain the human-derived
answer given a question $q$. We build this set as a union of three sets, as
follows:

$\displaystyle\mathcal{C}_{\text{MRR},q}={\mathcal{T}_{q}\cup\mathcal{N}_{q}\cup\mathcal{H}_{q}},$
(3)

where $\mathcal{T}_{q}$ is a set of first ranked candidates according to MRR
models, $\mathcal{N}_{q}$ is a set of high ranked candidates by both MRR and
NDCG models, $\mathcal{H}_{q}$ is a set of high-certainty candidates agreed by
all the MRR models. All sets are conditioned by the question $q$. In the
following, we formally define those sets.

####  3.2.1 High-certainty answers

One of the most significant signals to be the human-derived answer is being a
top MRR-model’s answer. However, in many subjective questions, the MRR model
is not certain. We found that in those cases, the top answers often varies
between different MRR models. Thus, to verify the top candidate’s certainty,
we require an agreement of MRR-models. Let $q$ be a dialog question, we define
the high-certainty set as follows:

$\displaystyle\mathcal{H}_{q}=\\{c|\left(\forall
M\in\mathcal{M};c\in\operatorname{T}(M,\rho_{h},q)\right)\\},$ (4)

where $\rho_{h}\in\mathbb{R}$ is an hyperparameter. Intuitively, a low
$\rho_{h}$ results in higher certainty. We Next, we add the MRR-models’ answer
at first retrieval.

####  3.2.2 Top answers

The MRR metric prioritizes the first-ranked answer (see Eq.(1)). This property
suits the nature of dialog models that reply with a single response.
Consequently, we keep the first responses of the MRR models. Let $q$ be a
dialog question, the top-answers set is defined as:

$\displaystyle\mathcal{T}_{q}=\\{c|\left(\exists
M\in\mathcal{M};c\in\operatorname{T}(M,\rho_{t},q)\right)\\},$ (5)

where $\rho_{t}\in\mathbb{R}$ is an hyperparameter. We note that $\rho_{t}$
should be low to maintain candidates’ certainty. In the next step, we consider
top NDCG candidates.

####  3.2.3 NDCG-agreement answers

When the NDCG model and the MRR model agree that a candidate is likely to be
correct, it implies that both the NDCG and MRR metrics gain by ranking this
candidate high. Thus, we want to rank it high. We note that the MRR set is
ranked first, so we include these candidates in the MRR set. Let $q$ be a
dialog question, the ndcg-agreement set is defined as:

$\displaystyle\scalebox{0.78}{$\mathcal{N}_{q}=\\{c|\exists
M\in\mathcal{M};c\in\operatorname{T}(N,\rho^{n}_{n},q)\cap\operatorname{T}(M,\rho^{n}_{m},q)\\}$},$
(6)

where $\rho^{n}_{n},\rho^{n}_{m}\in\mathbb{R}$ are hyperparameters that
indicate relevancy to NDCG and MRR, respectively. _I.e_., as $\rho_{nn}$
increases, we may include more relevant candidates according to the NDCG
model.

Up until this stage we have built a minimal set $C_{\text{MRR},q}$ that is
likely to hold the human-derived answer. In the following we describe how we
rank this set.

####  3.2.4 MRR ranking

Let $r_{M_{i},c,q}$ denote the rank according to $M_{i}\in\mathcal{M}$ of
candidate $c$ for a question $q$. We compute the MRR rank of candidate
$c\in\mathcal{C}_{\text{MRR},q}$ via geometric mean:
$r_{\text{MRR},c,q}=\prod_{i=1}^{n_{m}}r_{M_{i},c,q}$.

Model | MRR$\uparrow$ | R@1$\uparrow$ | R@5$\uparrow$ | R@10$\uparrow$ | Mean$\downarrow$ | NDCG$\uparrow$
---|---|---|---|---|---|---
NMN (Kottur et al., 2018) | 58.80 | 44.15 | 76.88 | 86.88 | 4.81 | 58.10
NN (Zheng et al., 2019) | 61.37 | 47.33 | 77.98 | 87.83 | 4.57 | 52.82
CorefNMN (Kottur et al., 2018) | 61.50 | 47.55 | 78.10 | 88.80 | 4.40 | 54.70
RvA (Niu et al., 2019) | 63.03 | 49.03 | 80.40 | 89.83 | 4.18 | 55.59
HACAN (Yang et al., 2019) | 64.22 | 50.88 | 80.63 | 89.45 | 4.20 | 57.17
MReal - BDAI$\ddagger$ (Qi et al., 2020) | 52.62 | 40.03 | 68.85 | 79.15 | 6.76 | 74.02
ReDAN (Gan et al., 2019) | 53.13 | 41.38 | 66.07 | 74.50 | 8.91 | 61.86
ReDAN+† (Gan et al., 2019) | 53.74 | 42.45 | 64.68 | 75.68 | 6.64 | 64.47
DualVD (Jiang et al., 2020) | 63.23 | 49.25 | 80.23 | 89.70 | 4.11 | 56.32
DL-61 (Guo et al., 2019) | 62.20 | 47.90 | 80.43 | 89.95 | 4.17 | 57.32
DL-61† (Guo et al., 2019) | 63.42 | 49.30 | 80.77 | 90.68 | 3.97 | 57.88
DAN (Kang et al., 2019) | 63.20 | 49.63 | 79.75 | 89.35 | 4.30 | 57.59
DAN† (Kang et al., 2019) | 64.92 | 51.28 | 81.60 | 90.88 | 3.92 | 59.36
LTMI (Nguyen et al., 2020) | 64.20 | 50.20 | 80.68 | 90.35 | 4.05 | 59.03
LTMI${}^{\dagger}\ddagger$ (Nguyen et al., 2020) | 52.14 | 38.93 | 66.60 | 80.65 | 6.53 | 74.88
FGA (Schwartz et al., 2019b) | 63.75 | 49.58 | 80.97 | 88.55 | 4.51 | 52.12
5$\times$FGA† (Schwartz et al., 2019b) | 69.37 | 55.65 | 86.73 | 94.05 | 3.14 | 57.29
LS(CE)*$\ddagger$ (Murahari et al., 2020) | 50.74 | 37.95 | 64.13 | 80.00 | 6.28 | 74.47
LS(CE+NSP)*$\ddagger$ (Murahari et al., 2020) | 63.92 | 50.78 | 79.53 | 89.60 | 4.28 | 68.08
LS* (Murahari et al., 2020) | 67.50 | 53.85 | 84.68 | 93.25 | 3.32 | 63.87
VD-BERT*${\dagger}\ddagger$ (Wang et al., 2020) | 51.17 | 38.90 | 62.82 | 77.98 | 6.69 | 75.35
5xFGA + LS*${\dagger}$ | 71.24 | 58.28 | 87.55 | 94.45 | 2.96 | 64.04
5xFGA + LS + LS(CE)*${\dagger}\ddagger$ | 68.78 | 55.72 | 85.02 | 93.55 | 3.26 | 69.22
Ours*${\dagger}\ddagger$ | 70.41 | 58.18 | 83.85 | 90.83 | 3.66 | 72.16
Visual Dialog Challenge 2020 Leaderboard
LS | 68.79 | 55.20 | 86.15 | 93.88 | 3.12 | 63.34
VD-BERT | 51,84 | 39.91 | 63.45 | 78.56 | 6.57 | 75.92
MReaL Lab (3rd Place) | 64.12 | 50.81 | 80.03 | 90.92 | 3.83 | 75.70
SES-100M (2nd Place) | 63.84 | 55.62 | 72.20 | 83.70 | 5.84 | 75.86
Ours (1st Place) | 70.42 | 58.59 | 82.85 | 88.84 | 3.96 | 73.35

Table 1: Performance on VisDial v1.0 test-std. (*) denotes the use of external
knowledge. (${\dagger}$) indicates ensemble model, and ($\ddagger$) signifies
fine-tuning on the dense annotations. Shown are the MRR, NDCG, the mean rank
of the human-derived answer, and the recall at a certain number of retrievals.

$\mathcal{H}$ | $\mathcal{T}$ | $\mathcal{N}$ | MRR$\uparrow$ | R@1$\uparrow$ | R@5$\uparrow$ | R@10$\uparrow$ | Mean$\downarrow$ | NDCG$\uparrow$ | $|\mathcal{C}_{\text{MRR}}|$
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---
✓ | ✗ | ✗ | 70.83 | 58.87 | 84.32 | 90.67 | 3.67 | 74.32 | 2.34
✗ | ✓ | ✗ | 68.63 | 59.12 | 79.08 | 88.53 | 4.15 | 74.31 | 1.12
✗ | ✗ | ✓ | 61.75 | 51.74 | 70.35 | 85.88 | 4.94 | 74.69 | 3.97
✗ | ✓ | ✓ | 69.21 | 59.17 | 78.68 | 88.53 | 4.11 | 74.33 | 4.27
✓ | ✗ | ✓ | 71.15 | 59.11 | 84.38 | 90.67 | 3.65 | 73.29 | 4.87
✓ | ✓ | ✗ | 71.06 | 59.15 | 84.49 | 90.78 | 3.64 | 72.98 | 2.39
✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 71.26 | 59.18 | 84.62 | 90.78 | 3.62 | 73.23 | 4.91
LS(CE) | 52.21 | 39.92 | 65.04 | 80.62 | 6.16 | 75.24 | -
LS | 69.00 | 55.80 | 85.36 | 93.13 | 3.35 | 64.89 | -
5xFGA | 69.38 | 56.17 | 86.15 | 92.95 | 3.32 | 58.68 | -
5xFGA + LS | 72.25 | 59.20 | 88.55 | 94.52 | 2.84 | 65.34 | -
5xFGA + LS + LS(CE) | 69.14 | 56.79 | 84.24 | 92.37 | 3.43 | 73.78 | -

Table 2: MRR candidates set ablation analysis. Performance reported on the
VisDialv1.0 val set.

###  3.3 NDCG step

In this step, we rank the remaining candidates
$\mathcal{C}_{\text{NDCG},q}=\mathcal{C}_{q}\setminus\mathcal{C}_{\text{MRR},q}$.
We assume the correct MRR answer is in $\mathcal{C}_{\text{MRR}}$. Thus, we
rank the remaining candidates, according to the NDCG model via geometric mean:
$r_{\text{NDCG},c,q}=(r_{N,c,q})^{p}\cdot r_{M,c,q},$ where $M\in\mathcal{M}$
is the most accurate MRR model, and $p\in\mathbb{R}$ is a calibration
hyperparameter which controls the trade-off between MRR and NDCG.

To conclude, let $q$ be a dialog question and $\mathcal{C}_{q}$ the
corresponding candidates. We first find $\mathcal{C}_{\text{MRR},q}$, and rank
the set according to $r_{\text{MRR},c,q}$. We then rank the remaining
candidates, according to $r_{\text{NDCG},c,q}$.

Figure 2: Performance of a naïve score ensemble of the MRR model and the NDCG
model on the VisDialv1.0 val set. We calibrate the importance of each model
with a scalar $\alpha$.

Figure 3: MRR and NDCG scores for different hyperparameter values.

##  4 Results

We show our results on the VisDial v1.0 dataset, where 123,287 images are used
for training, 2,000 images for validation, and 8,000 images for testing (Das
et al., 2017). Each image is associated with ten questions, and each question
has 100 corresponding answer candidates. We use two MRR models (_i.e_.,
$n_{m}=2$), FGA (Schwartz et al., 2019b) and an ensemble of LS (Murahari et
al., 2020) with FGA. We use LS(CE) as the NDCG model. We set $\rho_{h}=3$,
$\rho_{t}=1$, $\rho^{n}_{n}=5$, $\rho^{n}_{m}=10$, and $p=3$. We tune these
parameters using the validation set.

Comparison to state-of-the-art: In Tab. 1 we compare our method to naïve
ensembles and previous baselines. We first ensemble the LS’s output with the
FGA’s output. By combining them, we achieve the new MRR state-of-the-art
(71.24% _vs_. 69.37%). Next, we build a naïve ensemble of the MRR model and
the NDCG model. We do so by adding the MRR ensemble scores (denoted by
$\mathcal{S}_{M}$) and LS(CE) scores (denoted by $\mathcal{S}_{N}$), as
follows: $\alpha\cdot\mathcal{S}_{M}+(1-\alpha)\mathcal{S}_{N}$, where
$\alpha\in\mathbb{R}$ calibrates the trade-off between MRR and NDCG
performance. We show in Fig. 2 an analysis of different $\alpha$ values on the
validation set. In Tab. 1, we report results for $\alpha=0.8$. Our two-step
method outperforms the MRR (70.41% _vs_. 68.78%) and NDCG (72.16% _vs_.
69.22%) metrics, despite lacking the output scores and only requiring
rankings.

We also compare our approach to previous baselines. Most methods use the
sparse annotations, _i.e_., the human-derived answer, while MReal-BDAI, VD-
BERT, and LS(CE) finetune using the dense annotations. Finetuning with the
dense annotations tremendously boosts the NDCG performance but loses MRR
performance. The MRR performance decline can be attributed to NDCG being
biased toward uncertain answers. We also note that LS leverages large-scale
image-text corpora. LS(CE+NSP) optimizes both the dense and sparse annotations
but still suffers from a performance drop compared to metric-dedicated LS
models, _i.e_., MRR (63.92% _vs_. 67.50%) and NDCG (68.08% _vs_. 74.47%).
Unlike the method mentioned above, our method re-rank the candidates based on
two distinct models, with two distinct steps, to keep the human-derived answer
high. In doing so, we achieve a good MRR performance (70.41% _vs_. 71.24%),
yet notably with limited NDCG drop (72.25% _vs_. 75.35%). This property comes
in handy in the recent Visual Dialog challenge, where the winners were picked
based on both the NDCG and MRR evaluation metrics. Our method performs well on
both metrics simultaneously and won the challenge.

Ablation analysis: The MRR candidate set consists of different subsets. In
Tab. 2 we show the influence of each of subset independently on the retrieval
metrics. Further, omitting a subset harms the performance, _i.e_. each
component is essential to preserve both the MRR and NDCG metrics. We also
report the average size of the MRR-candidate set, and the validation
performance of the MRR model (_i.e_., 5xFGA) and the NDCG model (_i.e_.,
LS(CE)). In addition we provide the results of the MRR ensemble, and the naïve
NDCG and MRR ensemble for $\alpha=0.8$.

In Fig. 3, we examine how the NDCG and MRR metrics are affected by modifying
one hyperparameter while maintaining the others. On the first figure from the
left, we alter $\rho_{c}$. The higher $\rho_{c}$, we require higher agreement
between the MRR models, resulting in higher certainty for elements in the MRR
set. Because the MRR models are responsible for the MRR set ranking, an MRR
set that is too large hurts the NDCG metric. For the same reason, in the
second image from the left, increasing $\rho_{t}$, significantly harms the
NDCG performance. In the third figure from the left, we show that considering
more candidates that both NDCG and MRR models agree upon (_i.e_., increasing
$\rho^{n}_{n}$) helps both metrics’ performance. However, adding too many
candidates harms the NDCG metric. In the fourth image from the left, we show
that the performance remains stable when $\rho^{n}_{m}$ is larger than three.
Last, on the fifth image from the left, we show the effect of changing $p$,
which calibrates the trade-off between MRR and NDCG during the NDCG ranking
step.

Figure 4: An illustration of two visual dialog samples. Each sample includes
the MRR candidate set and four answers from the remaining NDCG candidates. We
find that the MRR candidate set has more certain answers. We colorize the
high-certainty candidates ($\mathcal{H}$) with orange, the NDCG-agreement
candidates ($\mathcal{N}$) with purple, and the top-answers subset
($\mathcal{T}$) with red. Note, if a candidate belongs to more than one set,
we sketch the colors in the following order: orange$\to$red$\to$purple.

Qualitative analysis: In Fig. 4, we show two sample visual dialogs from test-
std. For each sample, we provide the ranked MRR candidate set and the next 4
NDCG candidates. The analysis reveals the answers’ ambiguity and that the MRR
candidate set mostly consists of certain responses. In addition, we highlight
the candidates within each MRR candidate subset with different colors.
Additional samples can be found in the appendix.

##  5 Conclusions

We describe a non-parametric method to ensemble the candidate ranks of two
strong MRR and NDCG models into a single ranking that excels on both NDCG and
MRR. Intuitively, we use the MRR-model for non-ambiguous questions with
certain answers. The dense-annotations cue is more applicable in ambiguous
questions than the sparse annotations. Thus, in the case of low certainty, our
method relies almost entirely on the NDCG model. We hope the proposed
principles can guide the community towards a parametric model that can employ
answers’ semantics to measure certainty.

## Acknowledgements

We thank Yftah Ziser, Itai Gat, Alexander Schwing and Tamir Hazan for useful
discussions.

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##  Appendix A Qualitative Analysis

In the following, we show 200 randomly picked visual dialog samples from test-
std. For each sample, we provide the ranked MRR candidate set and the next 10
NDCG candidates. The analysis reveals the answers’ ambiguity and that the MRR
candidate set mostly consists of the human-derived response. To further detail
our approach, we illustrate the candidates within each MRR candidate subset by
highlighting the candidates with different colors. We colorize the high-
certainty candidates ($\mathcal{H}$) with orange, the NDCG-agreement
candidates ($\mathcal{N}$) with purple, and the top-answers subset
($\mathcal{T}$) with red. Note, if a candidate belongs to more than one set,
we sketch the colors in the following order: orange$\to$red$\to$purple.

Question:what color is the light ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

red

  2. 2.

green

  3. 3.

the light is currently green

  4. 4.

the lights are n’t visible

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yellow

  2. 2.

not sure

  3. 3.

i ca n’t tell

  4. 4.

it ’s kinda dark out so i am unsure

  5. 5.

i can not tell

  6. 6.

ca n’t tell

  7. 7.

black and red

  8. 8.

UNK

  9. 9.

black

  10. 10.

it ’s dark

Question:what ethnicity do they appear to be ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

all white

  2. 2.

white

  3. 3.

i can not tell

  4. 4.

ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

not sure

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

black

  2. 2.

i ca n’t tell

  3. 3.

both have brown hair

  4. 4.

there are 2 teens , and 1 adult

  5. 5.

i think like 40 ’s maybe

  6. 6.

maybe younger seniors

  7. 7.

dark brown

  8. 8.

no , the tv is not that visible

  9. 9.

1 looks older the other is quite young

  10. 10.

she appears to be caucasian

Question:are there any other animals ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

not that i see

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

not that i can see

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no other animals

  2. 2.

0 that i can see

  3. 3.

0

  4. 4.

0 visible

  5. 5.

lol , no

  6. 6.

non

  7. 7.

i do n’t think so

  8. 8.

i can not see

  9. 9.

no , only animals

  10. 10.

i do not see any animals

Question:how old is the woman ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

she ’s probably 60

  2. 2.

middle aged

  3. 3.

late UNK ’s

  4. 4.

i can not tell

  5. 5.

unable to tell

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

ca n’t tell

  2. 2.

looks middle aged

  3. 3.

mid sixties

  4. 4.

i ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

late 40 ’s

  6. 6.

about middle aged maybe 40 something

  7. 7.

70s

  8. 8.

not sure

  9. 9.

about 30

  10. 10.

at least 30s

Question:do they all have any spots on them ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes , all but 1 has spots

  2. 2.

no

  3. 3.

yes

  4. 4.

not that i can see

  5. 5.

it ’s too hard to tell

  6. 6.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

i do n’t think so

  2. 2.

i can not tell

  3. 3.

very few

  4. 4.

some do , yes

  5. 5.

not really

  6. 6.

some do

  7. 7.

can not tell

  8. 8.

i ca n’t tell

  9. 9.

ca n’t tell

  10. 10.

0

Question:see any store names ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

i can not tell

  4. 4.

unable to tell

  5. 5.

not that i can tell

  6. 6.

not that i can see

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

nope

  2. 2.

not really

  3. 3.

i ca n’t see it

  4. 4.

not sure

  5. 5.

i ca n’t tell

  6. 6.

ca n’t tell

  7. 7.

probably just 1

  8. 8.

not at all

  9. 9.

yes 1

  10. 10.

i do n’t think so

Question:what color is their hair ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

i can not tell

  2. 2.

black

  3. 3.

ca n’t see them

  4. 4.

ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

it doesn ’ t have hair it ’s a light

  6. 6.

i ca n’t tell

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

not sure

  2. 2.

dark is all i can tell

  3. 3.

brown i believe

  4. 4.

hard to tell , but it looks very blackened

  5. 5.

brown

  6. 6.

it looks brown

  7. 7.

no people

  8. 8.

dark brown

  9. 9.

it is dark brown

  10. 10.

it ’s brown

Question:is it daytime or night time ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

daytime

  2. 2.

day

  3. 3.

it appears to be daytime

  4. 4.

it is daytime

  5. 5.

it looks like it ’s daytime

  6. 6.

it ’s daytime

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

it is day time

  2. 2.

day time

  3. 3.

it is day

  4. 4.

it is during the day

  5. 5.

hard to tell probably day

  6. 6.

looks like early morning

  7. 7.

daytime maybe dusk

  8. 8.

hello , fellow turkey : yes , it is day time

  9. 9.

in the even or morning

  10. 10.

i ca n’t tell

Question:is this photo in color ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes it is

  3. 3.

yes , it is

  4. 4.

yes it is in color

  5. 5.

yes , it ’s in color

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes the picture is in color

  2. 2.

yes in color

  3. 3.

it is

  4. 4.

it is in color

  5. 5.

it ’s in color

  6. 6.

yes , it ’s very colorful !

  7. 7.

i think so

  8. 8.

looks like it

  9. 9.

it is , but there is not much color in the photo due to the objects

  10. 10.

yes it is well lit

Question:what are the vegetables he has ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

salmon and greens , maybe spinach

  2. 2.

it looks like greens , hard to tell

  3. 3.

ca n’t really tell

  4. 4.

i can not tell

  5. 5.

i ca n’t tell

  6. 6.

ca n’t tell

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

not sure

  2. 2.

i ’m not a 100 % sure , look like it

  3. 3.

yes

  4. 4.

not that i can see

  5. 5.

can not see grass

  6. 6.

green

  7. 7.

plate

  8. 8.

looks old

  9. 9.

i do n’t think so

  10. 10.

nope

Question:are they all facing the camera ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

no

  3. 3.

slightly

  4. 4.

yes they are

  5. 5.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

not really

  2. 2.

i don ’ t think so

  3. 3.

yes they all are

  4. 4.

yes i believe so

  5. 5.

no side view

  6. 6.

i do n’t think so

  7. 7.

i think so

  8. 8.

all but 1

  9. 9.

not all of them

  10. 10.

not that i can see

Question:is it a poodle ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

i do n’t think so

  3. 3.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

does not look like it

  2. 2.

i ca n’t tell

  3. 3.

i can not tell

  4. 4.

not sure

  5. 5.

i can not say

  6. 6.

ca n’t tell

  7. 7.

not that i can see

  8. 8.

i do n’t think so , but it ’s hard to tell

  9. 9.

i ’m not sure what that is

  10. 10.

no i am unable to tell

Question:how old is the man ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

i can not tell

  2. 2.

can not tell

  3. 3.

unable to tell

  4. 4.

ca n’t see his face

  5. 5.

i ca n’t tell

  6. 6.

ca n’t tell

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

i ca n’t tell i ca n’t see their face

  2. 2.

twenties maybe , hard to tell

  3. 3.

hard to tell but i would say mid 20 ’s

  4. 4.

hard to say but i guess around thirty

  5. 5.

not sure

  6. 6.

i can not see their face

  7. 7.

maybe 25ish

  8. 8.

he looks to be about 30ish

  9. 9.

it ’s hard to tell , it ’s from a distance

  10. 10.

he looks to be maybe 20 or so

Question:is there anything near it ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

grass and tree ’s

  3. 3.

nothing

  4. 4.

not that i can see

  5. 5.

nope

  6. 6.

ca n’t see anything

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

i do n’t think so

  3. 3.

i don ’ t see any

  4. 4.

not really

  5. 5.

you can see a pitcher and maybe a wall

  6. 6.

a few things

  7. 7.

no , it ’s just dirt

  8. 8.

in the distance

  9. 9.

no but it has a lot of stuff on it

  10. 10.

not sure there may be , but it does n’t show enough to tell

Question:is there anything on the wallpaper of the laptop ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

nope

  3. 3.

not that i can see

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no there is not

  2. 2.

i can not tell

  3. 3.

i do n’t see any

  4. 4.

ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

i ca n’t tell

  6. 6.

0

  7. 7.

i do n’t think so

  8. 8.

just a screen over it

  9. 9.

not that i can UNK for sure

  10. 10.

not sure

Question:is it date stamped ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

no it ’s not

  3. 3.

no it is n’t

  4. 4.

nope

  5. 5.

no , it ’s not

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

not that i can see

  2. 2.

i do n’t think so

  3. 3.

i do n’t know

  4. 4.

do n’t know

  5. 5.

i ca n’t tell

  6. 6.

ca n’t tell

  7. 7.

not sure

  8. 8.

i can not tell

  9. 9.

not readable

  10. 10.

nah

Question:is this inside ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes it is

  3. 3.

yes , it is

  4. 4.

yes i think so

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes , it seems to be

  2. 2.

i think so , yes

  3. 3.

this is inside

  4. 4.

it seems to be

  5. 5.

it is indoors

  6. 6.

i believe so

  7. 7.

i think so

  8. 8.

looks like it

  9. 9.

no

  10. 10.

ues

Question:does the food look appetizing ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

no

  3. 3.

not really

  4. 4.

not at all

  5. 5.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes it does

  2. 2.

no , he does n’t

  3. 3.

yes , it does

  4. 4.

i can not tell

  5. 5.

ca n’t tell

  6. 6.

a little

  7. 7.

not that i can see

  8. 8.

sort of

  9. 9.

kinda

  10. 10.

i ca n’t tell

Question:is the image in color ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes it is

  3. 3.

yes , it is in color

  4. 4.

yes it is in color

  5. 5.

yes , it ’s in color

  6. 6.

yes , the photo is in color

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes , it is

  2. 2.

yes the photo is in color

  3. 3.

yes , full color photo

  4. 4.

yes it ’s color

  5. 5.

it is

  6. 6.

yes in color

  7. 7.

it is yes

  8. 8.

yess

  9. 9.

yea

  10. 10.

yyes

Question:is it daytime ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes it is

  3. 3.

yes , it is daytime

  4. 4.

yes it is daytime

  5. 5.

yes , it is

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

it is

  2. 2.

yes , it looks to be

  3. 3.

it is daytime

  4. 4.

yup

  5. 5.

it is day time

  6. 6.

yes , i think so

  7. 7.

i believe so

  8. 8.

yes it is , it looks sunny

  9. 9.

daytime

  10. 10.

i think so

Question:is the photo in color ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes it is

  3. 3.

yes , it is in color

  4. 4.

yes it is in color

  5. 5.

yes it ’s in color

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes , it is

  2. 2.

yes the picture is in color

  3. 3.

yeah , this photo is in color

  4. 4.

yes in color

  5. 5.

it is

  6. 6.

it is in color

  7. 7.

yup

  8. 8.

it is a beautiful color picture

  9. 9.

ye

  10. 10.

y

Question:any buildings visible ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes a few

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

yes , a few buildings

  4. 4.

yess

  5. 5.

i think so

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yeah in the distance

  2. 2.

lots

  3. 3.

in the distance

  4. 4.

yes there are some small ones

  5. 5.

yes , 1 across the street

  6. 6.

yes in the far background

  7. 7.

yes , but i ca n’t tell what kind

  8. 8.

yes , it is

  9. 9.

very far in the background

  10. 10.

no

Question:is there anything made out of plastic ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

not that i can see

  5. 5.

i do n’t think so

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

ca n’t tell

  2. 2.

no that i can see

  3. 3.

not sure

  4. 4.

ca n’t see

  5. 5.

i ca n’t tell

  6. 6.

i can not tell

  7. 7.

maybe

  8. 8.

i think so

  9. 9.

not really

  10. 10.

yes , looks like a box

Question:how old is the woman ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

she looks like in her 30 ’s

  2. 2.

in her twenties i believe

  3. 3.

not sure

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

20 ’s

  2. 2.

early 20 ’s

  3. 3.

i ca n’t tell

  4. 4.

ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

20 ’s maybe

  6. 6.

looks to be late 20s

  7. 7.

i can not tell

  8. 8.

young adult

  9. 9.

25

  10. 10.

early 30s maybe

Question:is the image in color ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes it is

  3. 3.

yes , it is

  4. 4.

yes , it is in color

  5. 5.

yes it is in color

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes this is a color image

  2. 2.

yes , it ’s in color

  3. 3.

it is yes

  4. 4.

yes this picture is in color

  5. 5.

yes the photo is in color

  6. 6.

yes in color

  7. 7.

yep

  8. 8.

it is in color

  9. 9.

yes it ’s color

  10. 10.

ye

Question:is anyone in the bathroom ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

no the bathroom

  3. 3.

not that i can see

  4. 4.

no people

  5. 5.

nope

  6. 6.

i do n’t think so

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no it appears empty

  2. 2.

not it ’s not visible

  3. 3.

no he ’s not

  4. 4.

i would say no

  5. 5.

no , there is no 1 in the kitchen

  6. 6.

UNK

  7. 7.

don ’ t know

  8. 8.

0

  9. 9.

not really

  10. 10.

no people this is the sky

Question:is he wearing a hat ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

no he is not

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

i do n’t see 1

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

i do n’t think so

  2. 2.

no , no hats

  3. 3.

no baseball hat

  4. 4.

not that i can see

  5. 5.

no ca n’t see it

  6. 6.

no he is not wearing a helmet

  7. 7.

ca n’t tell

  8. 8.

i ca n’t tell

  9. 9.

can not tell

  10. 10.

not really

Question:are there any people ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

not that i can see

  4. 4.

i do n’t see any

  5. 5.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

i ca n’t see any , no

  2. 2.

no people

  3. 3.

no people are visible

  4. 4.

no , there are n’t any people in the image

  5. 5.

no there are n’t

  6. 6.

no people in the photo

  7. 7.

0 i can see

  8. 8.

not that you can see

  9. 9.

i ca n’t see

  10. 10.

on the screens there are

Question:do they have shoes on ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

i can not tell

  3. 3.

i see 1 shoe the other person is to blurry to tell

  4. 4.

it looks like it

  5. 5.

it ’s hard to tell

  6. 6.

i ca n’t tell

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

looks like it

  2. 2.

i guess so , it is hard to tell

  3. 3.

yes i think so , you ca n’t really see

  4. 4.

ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

i think so

  6. 6.

they are

  7. 7.

not sure

  8. 8.

no , they do not

  9. 9.

ca n’t see

  10. 10.

yes they are green

Question:does it look like a ski resort ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

i can not tell

  3. 3.

i do n’t think so

  4. 4.

no it does n’t

  5. 5.

probably not

  6. 6.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

not really

  2. 2.

i ca n’t tell

  3. 3.

no i ca n’t

  4. 4.

i do n’t think so but it ’s hard to tell

  5. 5.

not that i can see

  6. 6.

not sure

  7. 7.

no , there is n’t

  8. 8.

maybe , i ca n’t really tell

  9. 9.

possibly

  10. 10.

not in the picture

Question:is the picture in color ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes it is

  3. 3.

yes , it is

  4. 4.

yes it is in color

  5. 5.

yes it is a color image

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yeah , this photo is in color

  2. 2.

yes in color

  3. 3.

yes , it is fully colored

  4. 4.

yyes

  5. 5.

full blown color

  6. 6.

i think so

  7. 7.

looks like it

  8. 8.

it is , but there is not much color in the photo due to the objects

  9. 9.

somewhat , yes

  10. 10.

looks it

Question:is she wearing a blazer ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

no , sweater

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

not that i can tell

  5. 5.

i do n’t think so

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no a sweater

  2. 2.

not that i can see

  3. 3.

yes , a black 1

  4. 4.

a long sleeve blouse

  5. 5.

not sure

  6. 6.

yes

  7. 7.

can not see 1

  8. 8.

do n’t know

  9. 9.

0 seen

  10. 10.

not really

Question:does he look angry or otherwise UNK ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

ca n’t tell

  3. 3.

you ca n’t really see his face

  4. 4.

i ca n’t tell

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

i ca n’t see that

  2. 2.

i can not tell

  3. 3.

not real sure

  4. 4.

nope

  5. 5.

not really

  6. 6.

not sure

  7. 7.

i do n’t think so

  8. 8.

looks to be sleeping if anything

  9. 9.

not that i can see

  10. 10.

it looks determined , but not angry

Question:are they UNK giraffes or UNK ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

i can not tell

  2. 2.

there are both

  3. 3.

i ca n’t tell

  4. 4.

not sure

  5. 5.

ca n’t tell

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

some of each

  2. 2.

i do n’t think so

  3. 3.

hard to tell , but i do n’t think so

  4. 4.

it looks to be that way

  5. 5.

no

  6. 6.

they are all various sizes

  7. 7.

i think so

  8. 8.

both

  9. 9.

ca n’t tell too close up

  10. 10.

there are 2 UNK ones

Question:what color is the reindeer ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

brown , with a red nose

  2. 2.

red

  3. 3.

brown

  4. 4.

brown and white

  5. 5.

mostly white

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

white

  2. 2.

golden

  3. 3.

white and tan

  4. 4.

brown , i think

  5. 5.

white with a red stripe

  6. 6.

brown , white and black

  7. 7.

dark brown

  8. 8.

gold

  9. 9.

it is brownish gray

  10. 10.

mostly white with some black

Question:can you tell what type they are , stone or laminate ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

they are stone

  2. 2.

i can not

  3. 3.

i can not tell

  4. 4.

i ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

no i ’m not sure

  6. 6.

no , i can not

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

ca n’t tell

  2. 2.

i can ’ tell , it ’s just white

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

no

  5. 5.

not sure

  6. 6.

not really

  7. 7.

no , i ’m bad at that

  8. 8.

i ca n’t te

  9. 9.

no , i can only see the top

  10. 10.

not that i can see

Question:any horses ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

yes , 1

  4. 4.

1

  5. 5.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

2

  2. 2.

i just see 2

  3. 3.

yes , it looks like it

  4. 4.

not that i can see

  5. 5.

ye , 1 if not more

  6. 6.

not that i see

  7. 7.

i think so

  8. 8.

no there is n’t

  9. 9.

not visible

  10. 10.

barely part of 1

Question:are they male ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

no

  3. 3.

yes they are

  4. 4.

i think so

  5. 5.

i believe so

  6. 6.

it seems like it

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

1 is

  2. 2.

yes 1 is

  3. 3.

hard to tell

  4. 4.

yes !

  5. 5.

i ca n’t tell

  6. 6.

ca n’t tell

  7. 7.

i can not tell

  8. 8.

not sure

  9. 9.

no idea not visible

  10. 10.

ca n’t tell they are far away in background

Question:is the bench in front of a building ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes , it is

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

yes in front of glass

  4. 4.

no it is n’t

  5. 5.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

yes it is

  3. 3.

yes looks like it

  4. 4.

not that i can see

  5. 5.

looks like it

  6. 6.

appears so

  7. 7.

i think so

  8. 8.

i see a building on the left side , but only a bit of

  9. 9.

i can not tell

  10. 10.

i think so , it ’s hard to tell

Question:how many pizzas ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

i can see 2 kinds of pizzas

  2. 2.

2

  3. 3.

there are 3

  4. 4.

there are 2

  5. 5.

i see 2

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

2 in the scene

  2. 2.

3

  3. 3.

i think 4

  4. 4.

just 1

  5. 5.

i can not tell

  6. 6.

4

  7. 7.

it looks like a box of them and 2 sitting out

  8. 8.

they are like 4

  9. 9.

1

  10. 10.

i ca n’t tell

Question:what color is the building ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

white

  2. 2.

grey

  3. 3.

it is white

  4. 4.

greyish

  5. 5.

beige white

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

white and black

  2. 2.

blue

  3. 3.

beige

  4. 4.

blue with a glass door

  5. 5.

bright blue

  6. 6.

off white with some UNK of gray and red brown throughout

  7. 7.

there is 1 building that is a cream color

  8. 8.

it is glass

  9. 9.

crème

  10. 10.

it ’s a brownish white color

Question:is the photo in color ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes it is

  3. 3.

yes , it is

  4. 4.

yes , it is in color

  5. 5.

yes , the photo is in color

  6. 6.

yes it is in color

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes , the image is in color

  2. 2.

yes in color

  3. 3.

yes , the picture is in color

  4. 4.

the photo is in color

  5. 5.

yes the picture is in color

  6. 6.

it is

  7. 7.

sure is

  8. 8.

yes ,

  9. 9.

yup

  10. 10.

ye

Question:is the day sunny ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

no

  3. 3.

not really

  4. 4.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes it is

  2. 2.

looks like it

  3. 3.

no , it is not

  4. 4.

yes , it is

  5. 5.

i think so

  6. 6.

UNK

  7. 7.

sort of

  8. 8.

i do n’t think so

  9. 9.

i suppose

  10. 10.

ca n’t really see the sun think it ’s pretty overcast

Question:are they on a white plate ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes , it is

  3. 3.

yes they are

  4. 4.

yes it is

  5. 5.

i believe so

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

it ’s in color

  2. 2.

yes , a brown 1

  3. 3.

i think so

  4. 4.

UNK

  5. 5.

no it is in a paper boat

  6. 6.

it ’s okay

  7. 7.

white

  8. 8.

no , just on the table

  9. 9.

yes , i can see some cars

  10. 10.

it is in a box

Question:is the sink made out of metal ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

i can not tell

  3. 3.

i ca n’t tell

  4. 4.

ca n’t really tell

  5. 5.

ca n’t tell

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

not sure

  2. 2.

no

  3. 3.

yes it looks like it is

  4. 4.

yes it is

  5. 5.

i think so

  6. 6.

looks like it

  7. 7.

yes , it is

  8. 8.

it look like it

  9. 9.

nope

  10. 10.

too far away to see that

Question:is there people there apart from the man ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

no just 1 person

  3. 3.

not that i can see

  4. 4.

nope

  5. 5.

i do n’t see any

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no other people

  2. 2.

i don ’ t see anyone at all

  3. 3.

0

  4. 4.

no people are in the picture

  5. 5.

i do n’t think so

  6. 6.

no people

  7. 7.

no , there are n’t any people visible

  8. 8.

not really

  9. 9.

no , there are n’t any people

  10. 10.

no people in the room

Question:are the elephants eating ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

no , do n’t think so

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no does n’t look like it

  2. 2.

i do n’t think so

  3. 3.

not that i can see

  4. 4.

no standing

  5. 5.

it looks like it

  6. 6.

only the 1 with its head down is

  7. 7.

i think so

  8. 8.

yes they appear to be

  9. 9.

yes , they appear to be

  10. 10.

1 of the 2 of them are

Question:is it a cold drink ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

no it isn

  4. 4.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

looks that way

  2. 2.

i do n’t think so

  3. 3.

no not really

  4. 4.

i can not tell

  5. 5.

looks like it

  6. 6.

looks like it is

  7. 7.

no sure

  8. 8.

yes it is

  9. 9.

looks like

  10. 10.

it appears to be

Question:do they look scary ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

not really

  3. 3.

yes kind of

  4. 4.

yes

  5. 5.

not particularly

  6. 6.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

not sure

  2. 2.

i do n’t think so

  3. 3.

not that i can see

  4. 4.

i can not tell

  5. 5.

hard to say

  6. 6.

maybe

  7. 7.

i ca n’t tell

  8. 8.

ca n’t tell

  9. 9.

i ca n’t see any

  10. 10.

they look serious

Question:are there any other animals in the picture ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

0

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

0 at all

  5. 5.

not that i can see

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no , there are 0

  2. 2.

i ca n’t see any

  3. 3.

no , just the 1

  4. 4.

i do n’t think so

  5. 5.

nope , just 1

  6. 6.

0 sen

  7. 7.

no animals

  8. 8.

no animals either

  9. 9.

no other people

  10. 10.

no people

Question:does it look delicious ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes it does

  3. 3.

yes , it is

  4. 4.

looks okay

  5. 5.

it does yes

  6. 6.

yes , making me hungry

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

it ’s okay

  2. 2.

not really

  3. 3.

no not really

  4. 4.

UNK

  5. 5.

no it does not

  6. 6.

no

  7. 7.

i think so

  8. 8.

no really

  9. 9.

nope

  10. 10.

no it ’s not

Question:are the kids playing with anything ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

holding umbrellas

  2. 2.

no

  3. 3.

yes

  4. 4.

looks like a boy has something in his hand

  5. 5.

nope

  6. 6.

not that i can see

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no , all are kids

  2. 2.

i do n’t think so

  3. 3.

i can not tell

  4. 4.

not really

  5. 5.

yes i think so

  6. 6.

nothing visible

  7. 7.

yes , they are

  8. 8.

i ca n’t tell that

  9. 9.

yes , a bunch of umbrellas

  10. 10.

yes they are

Question:are they older or younger ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

they look older

  2. 2.

i think younger

  3. 3.

young

  4. 4.

ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

do n’t know

  6. 6.

i am not sure

  7. 7.

i can not tell

  8. 8.

i ca n’t tell

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

not sure

  2. 2.

looks like 1 of each

  3. 3.

medium

  4. 4.

they look like adults mostly

  5. 5.

ca n’t see their faces

  6. 6.

1 looks old while the other looks mid 30s

  7. 7.

very old

  8. 8.

they look fairly big

  9. 9.

no

  10. 10.

i ca n’t tell , but judging by the UNK , probably

Question:is it a metal fence ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

wire

  3. 3.

yes it is

  4. 4.

it appears to be

  5. 5.

yes , it is

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

it is

  2. 2.

yes , it looks like it is

  3. 3.

it looks like it

  4. 4.

looks like it is

  5. 5.

i think so it

  6. 6.

it has some lines , but yes

  7. 7.

i think so

  8. 8.

yes they are

  9. 9.

yes , i can see a fence

  10. 10.

yes i think so , hard to tell

Question:are there pictures on the walls ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

no

  3. 3.

yes there are

  4. 4.

yes for sure

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

i think so

  2. 2.

yes , 1 that i can see

  3. 3.

not that i can see

  4. 4.

nope

  5. 5.

no pictures on the wall

  6. 6.

yeah , 3

  7. 7.

1

  8. 8.

might be but it is hard to see

  9. 9.

no , i do n’t see any

  10. 10.

yes , but not too many

Question:can you see clouds ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

i see no clouds the sky is fairly grey though

  2. 2.

no clouds are visible

  3. 3.

yes i can see the sky cloudy

  4. 4.

no

  5. 5.

no , it looks cloudy

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no ,

  2. 2.

there seems to be a few clouds

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

yes they are clouds

  5. 5.

very few

  6. 6.

not that i can see

  7. 7.

not really

  8. 8.

i do n’t think so

  9. 9.

yes i can

  10. 10.

0

Question:where are the onions ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

on the right of the plate

  2. 2.

you can not really tell

  3. 3.

i can not tell

  4. 4.

not sure

  5. 5.

i ca n’t tell

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

ca n’t tell

  3. 3.

UNK

  4. 4.

sitting at the table

  5. 5.

it looks like a box of them and 2 sitting out

  6. 6.

there is squash , shredded carrots , and shredded cabbage

  7. 7.

not that i can see

  8. 8.

the UNK of heaven

  9. 9.

yes , it is

  10. 10.

i think os

Question:does she have brown hair ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes , she does

  3. 3.

yes , it is

  4. 4.

i believe so

  5. 5.

i think so

  6. 6.

oh yeah

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

black

  2. 2.

yes and black

  3. 3.

no

  4. 4.

no , her eyes are brown

  5. 5.

nope

  6. 6.

it looks to be maybe of shoulder length

  7. 7.

ca n’t tell

  8. 8.

i ca n’t tell

  9. 9.

yes i do

  10. 10.

i can not tell

Question:are there other people ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

there is a gentleman beside her

  2. 2.

no

  3. 3.

yes , there are 2 other people in the background

  4. 4.

no , there is not

  5. 5.

not that i can see

  6. 6.

no there are not

  7. 7.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no other people in the photo

  2. 2.

0 that i can see in the picture

  3. 3.

no , there are no other people com

  4. 4.

0 i can see

  5. 5.

no there ’s not

  6. 6.

not from what i can see

  7. 7.

no , i ca n’t see anyone

  8. 8.

not within view

  9. 9.

yes 2 people can be seen in the background

  10. 10.

i do n’t think so

Question:how many zebras are there ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

9

  2. 2.

i count twelve

  3. 3.

10

  4. 4.

7

  5. 5.

8 or so

  6. 6.

too many to count

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

about ten , of different species

  2. 2.

eleven

  3. 3.

at least 20

  4. 4.

11 or 12

  5. 5.

looks like around a dozen

  6. 6.

a lot

  7. 7.

over 20

  8. 8.

about 12-14

  9. 9.

about 25

  10. 10.

i see 6 i think

Question:is the yard large ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

i can not tell

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

i ca n’t tell

  4. 4.

ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

can not tell too close up

  6. 6.

not sure

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

from what i can see

  2. 2.

seems like it very close up photo

  3. 3.

i think so

  4. 4.

maybe

  5. 5.

no

  6. 6.

no , but hard to tell from the close up

  7. 7.

yes it is

  8. 8.

yes , it is

  9. 9.

not really

  10. 10.

yes it ’s large

Question:does the picture match the caption ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

no

  3. 3.

yes , it does

  4. 4.

yes it does match the caption

  5. 5.

yes it does

  6. 6.

no it is not

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

nope

  2. 2.

no ,

  3. 3.

not really

  4. 4.

it does

  5. 5.

yes , the picture is in color

  6. 6.

yes , it ’s in color

  7. 7.

it is

  8. 8.

yes , it is

  9. 9.

yes it is

  10. 10.

i think so

Question:are there any lights ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

i think it ’s light coming from a camera he is holding

  3. 3.

yes

  4. 4.

not that i can see

  5. 5.

0 that i can see

  6. 6.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

not seen

  2. 2.

i can not see them

  3. 3.

i do n’t think so

  4. 4.

yes , well lit

  5. 5.

i ca n’t tell

  6. 6.

0 at all

  7. 7.

i think so

  8. 8.

i can not tell

  9. 9.

yes there are

  10. 10.

0

Question:how many kids are there ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

2

  2. 2.

there are 2 people but they are n’t kids

  3. 3.

i think 2

  4. 4.

only 2

  5. 5.

there is only 1

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

2 , possibly 3

  2. 2.

1

  3. 3.

3

  4. 4.

looks like 3

  5. 5.

i can see 2 clearly and there may be part of a third but i ’m not sure

  6. 6.

there is 1

  7. 7.

only see 1 , too close up to see much

  8. 8.

3 total 1 looks like the guide

  9. 9.

there are tow

  10. 10.

i see 1 arm besides them

Question:are there any bath mats ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

yes there is a bath mat

  3. 3.

i can not tell

  4. 4.

nope

  5. 5.

no , it does n’t appear so

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes there are

  3. 3.

no ,

  4. 4.

yes there is 1

  5. 5.

there are

  6. 6.

not that i can see

  7. 7.

not that you can see

  8. 8.

just 1

  9. 9.

i do n’t think so

  10. 10.

0 that i can see

Question:can you see the sky ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

no i can not

  3. 3.

no i ca n’t

  4. 4.

no , i can not

  5. 5.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no you ca n’t

  2. 2.

no i ca n’t see the sky

  3. 3.

no i do not

  4. 4.

no , the sky is not visible

  5. 5.

not really

  6. 6.

no i can UNK

  7. 7.

just a little bit

  8. 8.

n

  9. 9.

i do n’t think so

  10. 10.

a little bit

Question:is there a chair ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no , i can only see the close up of what ’ s on the desk

  2. 2.

no

  3. 3.

not that i can see

  4. 4.

i do n’t see 1

  5. 5.

no there is n’t

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

not that can be seen

  2. 2.

not visible

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

do not see 1

  5. 5.

do n’t see any

  6. 6.

0 that i can see

  7. 7.

ca n’t tell

  8. 8.

i do n’t think so

  9. 9.

i can not tell

  10. 10.

not sure

Question:are there any people in the image ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

no people

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

no i do not see people

  5. 5.

not that i can see

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

noo

  2. 2.

0 are visible

  3. 3.

0 i can see

  4. 4.

0

  5. 5.

nobody around

  6. 6.

0 sen

  7. 7.

do n’t really see any

  8. 8.

mp

  9. 9.

i do n’t think so

  10. 10.

not really

Question:is this a living room ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

ca n’t tell

  4. 4.

i do n’t think so

  5. 5.

i ca n’t tell

  6. 6.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

i do not think so

  2. 2.

ca n’t really tell

  3. 3.

can not tell

  4. 4.

i can not tell

  5. 5.

i do n’t know

  6. 6.

i ca n’t tell for sure

  7. 7.

not sure

  8. 8.

i don ’ t know

  9. 9.

hard to tell

  10. 10.

not that i can see

Question:what color is the jersey ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

pinstripe white

  2. 2.

white

  3. 3.

it is white

  4. 4.

blue and white

  5. 5.

it ’s white

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

grey

  2. 2.

photo is in black and white

  3. 3.

the picture is in black and white

  4. 4.

the pants are gray and his jersey is navy blue

  5. 5.

its a black and white picture so i ’m not sure

  6. 6.

we can say that

  7. 7.

it ’s blue

  8. 8.

grey and UNK cloudy

  9. 9.

beige and blue

  10. 10.

the die is a grey and white i believe

Question:are they tall ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes , they are tall

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

yes they are

  4. 4.

yes they definitely are

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes a few stories at least

  2. 2.

looks like

  3. 3.

yes , some are

  4. 4.

i think so

  5. 5.

not really

  6. 6.

yes , it is

  7. 7.

no

  8. 8.

yes it is

  9. 9.

nope

  10. 10.

possibly

Question:does it look rusty ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

not at all

  4. 4.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

not really

  2. 2.

no it is not

  3. 3.

kind of

  4. 4.

no but looks like it did previously

  5. 5.

yes , it looks UNK

  6. 6.

not that i can see

  7. 7.

yes , it does

  8. 8.

i do n’t think so

  9. 9.

yeah

  10. 10.

sort of

Question:is this inside ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes it is

  3. 3.

yes , it is

  4. 4.

yes it appears to be

  5. 5.

i think so

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes it ’s indoors

  2. 2.

i believe so

  3. 3.

yes* and yes

  4. 4.

appear to be

  5. 5.

most likely indoors

  6. 6.

it might be

  7. 7.

i believe so but it is hard to tell for sure

  8. 8.

most

  9. 9.

yes it ’s clean

  10. 10.

maybe

Question:how many other people are there ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

2 people

  2. 2.

a crowd

  3. 3.

lots and lots

  4. 4.

very many

  5. 5.

approximately 20

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

it looks like over 20

  2. 2.

15 maybe

  3. 3.

10

  4. 4.

about a 100

  5. 5.

about 10

  6. 6.

ca n’t tell

  7. 7.

8 or so

  8. 8.

12 or so

  9. 9.

around 10

  10. 10.

i can not tell

Question:is she wearing shorts ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no a white skirt

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

no , she is wearing a skirt

  4. 4.

no

  5. 5.

yes she is

  6. 6.

i think so

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

white

  2. 2.

hard to tell , but i think so

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

yes , it is

  5. 5.

can

  6. 6.

yes , they are

  7. 7.

yes he is

  8. 8.

yes it is

  9. 9.

he

  10. 10.

maybe

Question:what type of flooring ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

carpet

  2. 2.

tile

  3. 3.

i can not tell

  4. 4.

i ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

ca n’t tell

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

not sure

  2. 2.

i don ’ t know for sure

  3. 3.

maybe tan

  4. 4.

ca n’t tell from the picture

  5. 5.

no idea

  6. 6.

brown

  7. 7.

grey

  8. 8.

seem grayish from this angle

  9. 9.

green

  10. 10.

color of what

Question:cab you tell the women ’s race ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

caucasian

  2. 2.

white

  3. 3.

no i can not

  4. 4.

no i ca n’t

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

no i do not

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

yes

  5. 5.

i can not tell

  6. 6.

not sure

  7. 7.

not really

  8. 8.

yes , i can

  9. 9.

yes i can

  10. 10.

i ca n’t tell

Question:can you see the scoreboard ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

i can not

  4. 4.

nope

  5. 5.

no i can not

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no it is cut off

  2. 2.

not really

  3. 3.

n

  4. 4.

i do n’t think so

  5. 5.

not that i can see

  6. 6.

i can not tell

  7. 7.

not sure

  8. 8.

barely

  9. 9.

i ca n’t tell

  10. 10.

ca n’t tell

Question:is she wearing sneakers ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

not visible

  3. 3.

i ca n’t see her feet

  4. 4.

ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

i can not tell

  6. 6.

i ca n’t tell

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

ca n’t know

  2. 2.

nope

  3. 3.

i ca n’t tell from the picture

  4. 4.

can

  5. 5.

not sure

  6. 6.

i do n’t think so

  7. 7.

not that i can see

  8. 8.

ca n’t see the bottom part

  9. 9.

maybe i am not sure

  10. 10.

yes

Question:is it sunny outside ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

no

  3. 3.

not really

  4. 4.

no it is not

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no , it is cloudy

  2. 2.

it appears sunny

  3. 3.

no , it is not sunny outside

  4. 4.

overcast

  5. 5.

nope

  6. 6.

it looks cloudy

  7. 7.

no cloudy

  8. 8.

it ’s somewhat overcast

  9. 9.

yes it is sunny

  10. 10.

yes , looks sunny

Question:are they in a parking lot or on the side of the road ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

on the side of the road

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

ca n’t tell

  4. 4.

i ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

i can not tell

  6. 6.

not sure

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

it ’s hard to tell , but i can not see any

  2. 2.

yes , many of them are lined up on the sidewalk

  3. 3.

looks like it , ca n’t tell

  4. 4.

1 is , yes

  5. 5.

no , just 1

  6. 6.

yes , it is

  7. 7.

i think so

  8. 8.

no , they are not

  9. 9.

on the ground

  10. 10.

yes it is a side view only

Question:is he holding it to his ear or using UNK ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

it ’s up to his ear

  2. 2.

ca n’t tell

  3. 3.

i ca n’t tell

  4. 4.

i can not tell

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

ca n’t see

  2. 2.

not sure

  3. 3.

not that i can see

  4. 4.

can you see

  5. 5.

no

  6. 6.

you ca n’t tell

  7. 7.

nope

  8. 8.

not really it ’s kind of far away

  9. 9.

both

  10. 10.

yes

Question:is the man wearing a visor ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

no heat , but maybe more of a sweatband

  4. 4.

he is not

  5. 5.

nope

  6. 6.

no he is not

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

i do n’t think so

  2. 2.

yes , he does

  3. 3.

yes he is

  4. 4.

not that i can see

  5. 5.

yes !

  6. 6.

i believe so

  7. 7.

yep

  8. 8.

ca n’t see that

  9. 9.

can

  10. 10.

i think so

Question:could this be a zoo ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

maybe

  3. 3.

i think so

  4. 4.

i would think so

  5. 5.

ca n’t tell if it is

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

looks like it

  2. 2.

it looks like it

  3. 3.

ca n’t tell

  4. 4.

possibly , not sure

  5. 5.

i ca n’t tell

  6. 6.

possibly , ca n’t really tell

  7. 7.

it looks like it is

  8. 8.

not sure

  9. 9.

they appear to be

  10. 10.

it ’s hard to tell

Question:is this a smartphone ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

no

  3. 3.

ca n’t tell

  4. 4.

i ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

i do n’t know

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

i can not tell

  2. 2.

not sure

  3. 3.

hard to tell

  4. 4.

nope

  5. 5.

it does n’t appear to be

  6. 6.

i do not think so

  7. 7.

no it is n’t

  8. 8.

i do n’t think so

  9. 9.

ca n’t tell , maybe

  10. 10.

no is not

Question:are there words on the plane ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes , the plane says UNK

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

yes , there are words

  4. 4.

yes , there are

  5. 5.

yes there are

  6. 6.

yes there is

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes , it says bp

  2. 2.

yes , quite a few

  3. 3.

some yes

  4. 4.

yes , it is

  5. 5.

i think so

  6. 6.

it appears to be a website i see words and an image but ca n’t make them out

  7. 7.

yes , i see some from the window

  8. 8.

yes , many windows

  9. 9.

yes , water

  10. 10.

yes it is

Question:can you see any store signs ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no , it is blurry

  2. 2.

no

  3. 3.

yes

  4. 4.

no i do n’t think so

  5. 5.

nope

  6. 6.

not that i can see

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

there are 0 of those

  2. 2.

in the distance

  3. 3.

yes in the background

  4. 4.

not really

  5. 5.

yes , several in the background

  6. 6.

i do n’t think so

  7. 7.

yes some

  8. 8.

barely

  9. 9.

yes quite a few in the background

  10. 10.

1 partially off in the distance

Question:can you see inside the bus ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no , just the back of the bus

  2. 2.

no

  3. 3.

i can not

  4. 4.

i can not tell

  5. 5.

no i ca n’t

  6. 6.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no ’

  2. 2.

no , i do n’t

  3. 3.

not really

  4. 4.

yes

  5. 5.

barely

  6. 6.

i do n’t think so

  7. 7.

yes , i can

  8. 8.

not it ’s not visible

  9. 9.

not that i can see

  10. 10.

i ca n’t tell

Question:is the man wearing a mask ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

no he does not

  4. 4.

no , he is not

  5. 5.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

i do n’t think so

  2. 2.

does n’t look like it

  3. 3.

not that i can see

  4. 4.

not really

  5. 5.

no , he ’s wearing a helmet

  6. 6.

yes indeed

  7. 7.

he is

  8. 8.

yes he is

  9. 9.

i do n’t think he is , hard to tell with most of his head down

  10. 10.

it looks like a helmet

Question:does the room look big ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

it is decent size

  2. 2.

yes , it does

  3. 3.

yes

  4. 4.

i ’d say so

  5. 5.

yes , very

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

looks like it

  2. 2.

it looks like

  3. 3.

not too big

  4. 4.

no , it is pretty small

  5. 5.

yes , it is

  6. 6.

average

  7. 7.

it could be

  8. 8.

i think it

  9. 9.

not really

  10. 10.

very

Question:is the laptop on a desk ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

a table

  3. 3.

yes it is

  4. 4.

yes , it is

  5. 5.

it appears to be

  6. 6.

yes it looks like it is

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

looks like it

  2. 2.

i think so

  3. 3.

on a portable desk thing , like a lap desk

  4. 4.

yes it is on

  5. 5.

yes , just 1

  6. 6.

no , it looks like it is on a table

  7. 7.

no on a stand

  8. 8.

no a stand

  9. 9.

yes , he she is

  10. 10.

yes , there is something below the tv

Question:what color is her hair ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

brown

  2. 2.

blonde

  3. 3.

dark blonde

  4. 4.

it ’s brown

  5. 5.

her hair is brown

  6. 6.

she has brown hair

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

dark brown

  2. 2.

dirty blonde

  3. 3.

dark , brown

  4. 4.

i think it brown

  5. 5.

brown , i think

  6. 6.

it ’s dirty blonde

  7. 7.

black

  8. 8.

red

  9. 9.

UNK rose UNK

  10. 10.

looks dirty

Question:what color is the dog ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

black

  2. 2.

black lab

  3. 3.

the dog is black

  4. 4.

it is black

  5. 5.

dark

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

black and white

  2. 2.

dark brown , beautiful

  3. 3.

it ’s dark

  4. 4.

not sure

  5. 5.

black and brown

  6. 6.

i can not tell

  7. 7.

1 is black , and the other is brown

  8. 8.

it ’s in a shadow but maybe black

  9. 9.

black and white feet

  10. 10.

i ca n’t tell

Question:any walls ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes , it is

  3. 3.

yes a large 1

  4. 4.

yess

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes 1

  2. 2.

yes it is

  3. 3.

hello it ’s mostly brown

  4. 4.

UNK

  5. 5.

yes , to the left

  6. 6.

i think so

  7. 7.

no

  8. 8.

barely part of 1

  9. 9.

is pink

  10. 10.

not that i can see

Question:are the buildings tall ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

it is hard to tell from the picture

  2. 2.

i can not tell

  3. 3.

in the background barely visible

  4. 4.

i ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

hard to tell

  6. 6.

ca n’t tell

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

they do not appear to be

  2. 2.

possible hard to tell

  3. 3.

yes , they appear to be

  4. 4.

not sure

  5. 5.

yes

  6. 6.

possibly

  7. 7.

no

  8. 8.

i do n’t think so

  9. 9.

not really

  10. 10.

i think so

Question:can you see any trees ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes in the background

  3. 3.

yes , a few in the background

  4. 4.

yes , in the background

  5. 5.

yep

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes some

  2. 2.

in the distance , a few

  3. 3.

in the background

  4. 4.

there are several in the background

  5. 5.

there are a few large trees near by and several in background

  6. 6.

yes , there are a lot of trees

  7. 7.

ues

  8. 8.

some

  9. 9.

yes , far in the background

  10. 10.

yes 1

Question:what is the gender of the people ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

both boys

  2. 2.

female

  3. 3.

hard to say maybe male and female

  4. 4.

not sure

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

they look caucasian

  2. 2.

looks male

  3. 3.

yes

  4. 4.

it appears so

  5. 5.

ca n’t tell

  6. 6.

they are both posing for the picture 1 posing as if he ’s going to hit the
tennis ball the

  7. 7.

i can not tell

  8. 8.

no 1 is on 1st , 2nd and 3rd are not visible

  9. 9.

i ca n’t tell

  10. 10.

yes , it is

Question:does the bus have a number ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

i ca n’t see 1

  4. 4.

no that i can see

  5. 5.

yes it does

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes ,

  2. 2.

a number pad yes

  3. 3.

not that i can see

  4. 4.

nope

  5. 5.

do n’t see 1

  6. 6.

i think so

  7. 7.

does n’t look like it

  8. 8.

can not tell not visible

  9. 9.

no it does n’t

  10. 10.

2

Question:what kind of toy is the boy playing with ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

can not tell which toy it is

  2. 2.

look to be a wii video game

  3. 3.

i can not tell

  4. 4.

i ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

ca n’t tell

  6. 6.

i m not sure

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

you can not see who he is playing with

  2. 2.

i do n’t know

  3. 3.

a small remote controlled 1

  4. 4.

not sure

  5. 5.

i see 1 , but its far

  6. 6.

a tiny bird

  7. 7.

kind of a derby i think it ’s called

  8. 8.

i ca n’t see the ball

  9. 9.

a bowl

  10. 10.

maybe a UNK

Question:is the sky cloudy ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes , blue skies some clouds

  3. 3.

yes it is

  4. 4.

yes , it is

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes ’

  2. 2.

yes but it is blue sky

  3. 3.

yeah pretty much

  4. 4.

yes , it is very clear

  5. 5.

yes very clear

  6. 6.

yes partially

  7. 7.

i think so

  8. 8.

it appears overcast

  9. 9.

a little bit

  10. 10.

relatively

Question:is the cage made of metal ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

metal and wood - looks like a zoo enclosure

  3. 3.

yes it is

  4. 4.

it appears to be

  5. 5.

yes , it is

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes it is ,

  2. 2.

i think so

  3. 3.

yep

  4. 4.

wood

  5. 5.

hmm i think so

  6. 6.

no

  7. 7.

i ca n’t really tell

  8. 8.

they are and have metal parts too

  9. 9.

i ca n’t tell

  10. 10.

i can not tell

Question:do any of them have their hair up ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

not that i can see

  3. 3.

no they do n’t

  4. 4.

i ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

ca n’t tell

  2. 2.

i do n’t think so

  3. 3.

i can not tell

  4. 4.

i do n’t know

  5. 5.

not sure

  6. 6.

too far away in photo to tell

  7. 7.

hard to tell since they ’re far away

  8. 8.

the picture does not show 1

  9. 9.

0

  10. 10.

maybe , not sure

Question:is there other kites in the sky or just the 1 ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

there is 1 other kite

  2. 2.

1

  3. 3.

i can only see 1 in this picture

  4. 4.

not that i can see

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no there are n’t

  2. 2.

no

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

yes a few

  5. 5.

yes

  6. 6.

just beside it

  7. 7.

yes , both

  8. 8.

no , no 1 else in the photo

  9. 9.

in the air

  10. 10.

no just her

Question:is it a close up of the bear ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes , it is

  3. 3.

yes , pretty close

  4. 4.

yes it is

  5. 5.

it is , yes

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

sort of

  2. 2.

i think so

  3. 3.

it look like it

  4. 4.

a little bit , yes

  5. 5.

no

  6. 6.

not really

  7. 7.

yes there is

  8. 8.

nope

  9. 9.

yes , it is very clear

  10. 10.

a few inches or so

Question:is the shelf wood ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

i can not tell

  3. 3.

yes , it is

  4. 4.

i think so

  5. 5.

yes , i think so

  6. 6.

yes it is

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

looks like it

  3. 3.

no it ’s not

  4. 4.

ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

i ca n’t tell

  6. 6.

i think it is , but hard to say for sure

  7. 7.

not sure

  8. 8.

it is hard to tell

  9. 9.

yes it is brown

  10. 10.

i do n’t think so

Question:can you see any roads ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

nope

  3. 3.

no i ca n’t

  4. 4.

i do n’t

  5. 5.

not that i can see

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no you can not

  2. 2.

0

  3. 3.

np

  4. 4.

i do n’t think so

  5. 5.

not really

  6. 6.

nobody around

  7. 7.

no , there are no signs

  8. 8.

no buildings

  9. 9.

no , it ’s sunny

  10. 10.

no it ’s too far away

Question:is it sunny ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes , it is

  3. 3.

yes it is sunny

  4. 4.

it looks overcast , but i ca n’t see the sky

  5. 5.

it appears to be sunny

  6. 6.

yes , its daytime and it looks sunny

  7. 7.

no , it ’s looks overcast

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no it looks cloudy

  2. 2.

does n’t really seem to be

  3. 3.

yes it is

  4. 4.

no

  5. 5.

it seems like it

  6. 6.

looks like it is yes

  7. 7.

appears to be

  8. 8.

it ’s overcast

  9. 9.

not really

  10. 10.

i believe it is

Question:do see any cars ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no there are no cars

  2. 2.

no cars

  3. 3.

no

  4. 4.

no , not at all

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

nope

  2. 2.

there is 0

  3. 3.

0 that i can see

  4. 4.

not that i can see

  5. 5.

0 visible

  6. 6.

0

  7. 7.

no , ca n’t see the street

  8. 8.

not really

  9. 9.

i do n’t think so

  10. 10.

no , she is not

Question:are they outside ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes , they ’re outside

  3. 3.

yes , they are

  4. 4.

yes they are

  5. 5.

it looks like it

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

it seems like it

  2. 2.

i think so

  3. 3.

i believe so

  4. 4.

yes , it is

  5. 5.

yes it is outside

  6. 6.

probably

  7. 7.

looks like

  8. 8.

yes , on a street corner

  9. 9.

it looks outside

  10. 10.

yes it is

Question:what color are her shorts ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

white

  2. 2.

they are white

  3. 3.

her pants are light blue

  4. 4.

blue

  5. 5.

salmon

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

looks like summer

  2. 2.

looks blue

  3. 3.

khaki

  4. 4.

UNK bright blue

  5. 5.

i think blue , hard to tell

  6. 6.

mauve

  7. 7.

grey

  8. 8.

yes

  9. 9.

blue yellow and white

  10. 10.

blue and black

Question:is it sunny outdoors ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes it is

  3. 3.

yes , it is

  4. 4.

yes , it is a sunny day

  5. 5.

yes sunny

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

it is

  2. 2.

very

  3. 3.

yes , the weather looks nice

  4. 4.

yes the sun is shining

  5. 5.

yes appears so

  6. 6.

it appears to be sunny

  7. 7.

it seems to be sunny

  8. 8.

seems like it

  9. 9.

yes , but i can not see the sun

  10. 10.

yrd

Question:do you see any lights ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

yes i see 2 lights

  4. 4.

i think so

  5. 5.

yes many

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

1 in the background

  2. 2.

no i do n’t

  3. 3.

no , i do n’t

  4. 4.

nope

  5. 5.

yes , 1 big 1

  6. 6.

yes , some on the floor

  7. 7.

i do n’t think so

  8. 8.

’no i do n’t

  9. 9.

not that i can see

  10. 10.

yes above the sink

Question:are they outside ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

i do n’t think so

  4. 4.

i ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

i am not sure

  2. 2.

ca n’t tell

  3. 3.

hard to tell

  4. 4.

no , it ’s indoors

  5. 5.

i can not tell

  6. 6.

i do n’t think they are based on their clothing

  7. 7.

not that i can see

  8. 8.

not sure

  9. 9.

ca n’t tell - maybe

  10. 10.

i think so

Question:is it a passenger train ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

no

  3. 3.

yes it is

  4. 4.

yes , it is

  5. 5.

yes , i think so

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes , it looks like it

  2. 2.

it appears to be

  3. 3.

i think so

  4. 4.

it looks like it , hard to tell

  5. 5.

yes , it ’s big

  6. 6.

could be

  7. 7.

i ca n’t tell for sure , but i think so

  8. 8.

maybe

  9. 9.

UNK

  10. 10.

2

Question:is the bus doors open or closed ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

open

  2. 2.

closed

  3. 3.

i can not tell

  4. 4.

i ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

it ’s open

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

ca n’t tell

  2. 2.

no doors

  3. 3.

both are open

  4. 4.

not sure

  5. 5.

ca n’t really tell

  6. 6.

yes it is open

  7. 7.

no

  8. 8.

yes

  9. 9.

no , closed

  10. 10.

seems to be

Question:describe the person holding the treat ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

ca n’t see the person

  2. 2.

i can only see their arm they are wearing blue

  3. 3.

all i can see is a hand but probably a male

  4. 4.

i can not tell

  5. 5.

ca n’t tell from the picture

  6. 6.

i am unable to tell

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

i can not see

  2. 2.

i ca n’t tell

  3. 3.

not visible not seen

  4. 4.

i ca n’t tell his back is towards me

  5. 5.

ca n’t tell

  6. 6.

he looks confused

  7. 7.

not sure

  8. 8.

woman

  9. 9.

UNK smiling

  10. 10.

the shirt is striped in black and white

Question:how many people are there ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

2

  2. 2.

3

  3. 3.

there are 2

  4. 4.

i think i see only 2

  5. 5.

2 in the picture

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

there are 3

  2. 2.

at least 4

  3. 3.

4

  4. 4.

i can see 4 or 5

  5. 5.

there are tow

  6. 6.

1

  7. 7.

more than 3

  8. 8.

i can not tell

  9. 9.

not sure

  10. 10.

i ca n’t tell

Question:is it day time ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes it is

  3. 3.

yes , it is

  4. 4.

it is

  5. 5.

yep

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes ’

  2. 2.

yes , it is day

  3. 3.

yes , daytime

  4. 4.

yes it is daytime

  5. 5.

it is day time

  6. 6.

yes it is , it ’s sunny

  7. 7.

yes , i believe so

  8. 8.

it is daytime

  9. 9.

i think so

  10. 10.

it ’s daytime

Question:are there any utensils on the table ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

there are no utensils

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

no , there are not

  5. 5.

no , not that i can see

  6. 6.

no there is not

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no , there are 0

  2. 2.

not that i can see

  3. 3.

0 that i can see

  4. 4.

0 that can be seen

  5. 5.

0

  6. 6.

0 are visible

  7. 7.

not seen

  8. 8.

i do n’t think so

  9. 9.

not really that i can see

  10. 10.

no other thing

Question:can you see the floor ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

i ca n’t

  5. 5.

no i ca n’t

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no i can not

  2. 2.

no , the floor is n’t visible

  3. 3.

no , not at all

  4. 4.

no you can not

  5. 5.

not really

  6. 6.

barely

  7. 7.

i do n’t think so

  8. 8.

not that i can see

  9. 9.

a little bit

  10. 10.

yes , i can

Question:what color is the dog ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

brown

  2. 2.

it is black and tan

  3. 3.

it is mostly brown with some tan

  4. 4.

brown and white

  5. 5.

light brown

  6. 6.

brown with white

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

tan color

  2. 2.

it is reddish-brown

  3. 3.

brown and black

  4. 4.

brown , black , tan , and white

  5. 5.

black and brown

  6. 6.

i think its a golden retriever , so light yellow

  7. 7.

browns and blacks

  8. 8.

white and brown

  9. 9.

no people

  10. 10.

UNK

Question:are they wearing ski goggles ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

i can not tell

  2. 2.

no

  3. 3.

i just see there backs i ca n’t see their faces

  4. 4.

yes

  5. 5.

i ca n’t tell

  6. 6.

no , they are n’t wearing goggles

  7. 7.

ca n’t tell

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

ca n’t see faces see backs

  2. 2.

i am not sure

  3. 3.

no they are not

  4. 4.

i believe so

  5. 5.

yes they are

  6. 6.

nope

  7. 7.

not that i can see

  8. 8.

i do n’t think so

  9. 9.

again , i can not see their face

  10. 10.

they look like it

Question:do the trees have leaves ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

some do

  3. 3.

yes , they are

  4. 4.

yes , i think so

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes very fresh looking

  2. 2.

the 1 i can see does , yes

  3. 3.

long

  4. 4.

i think so

  5. 5.

at least 2 of them do

  6. 6.

i ’m sure it can

  7. 7.

yes , it is

  8. 8.

yes there ’s clearance

  9. 9.

mostly brown color

  10. 10.

maybe

Question:how big is the table ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

i can not tell

  2. 2.

i ca n’t tell

  3. 3.

hard to say , it ’s too close up

  4. 4.

ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

close up ca n’t tell

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

ca n’t tell from the picture

  2. 2.

looks pretty big to me

  3. 3.

pretty small

  4. 4.

not sure

  5. 5.

pretty large

  6. 6.

quite large

  7. 7.

medium size

  8. 8.

medium sized

  9. 9.

big

  10. 10.

it ’s more narrow than most

Question:what kind of scissors ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

hair cutting scissors

  2. 2.

silver

  3. 3.

i can not tell

  4. 4.

i ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

not sure

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

black

  2. 2.

ca n’t tell

  3. 3.

larger

  4. 4.

wood

  5. 5.

grey

  6. 6.

gray and white

  7. 7.

bear

  8. 8.

blue

  9. 9.

brown

  10. 10.

ca n’t tell , too close

Question:any signs ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

0

  4. 4.

not that i can see

  5. 5.

nope

  6. 6.

not that i see

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

0 visible

  2. 2.

not visible

  3. 3.

nno

  4. 4.

yes a couple

  5. 5.

i do n’t think so

  6. 6.

yes a few

  7. 7.

yes , 1

  8. 8.

1

  9. 9.

not really

  10. 10.

ca n’t see

Question:is it american ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

do n’t know

  2. 2.

no

  3. 3.

yes

  4. 4.

ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

i ca n’t tell

  6. 6.

can not tell

  7. 7.

i can not tell

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

not sure

  2. 2.

i do n’t think so

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

i think so , i ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

maybe

  6. 6.

no it is n’t

  7. 7.

i believe so , but ca n’t say for sure

  8. 8.

i think so

  9. 9.

perhaps

  10. 10.

it appears to be but it is hard to confirm

Question:is the bed outside ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

i can not tell

  3. 3.

no , it does n’t appear to be

  4. 4.

no it is not

  5. 5.

no it ’s not

  6. 6.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

do n’t think so

  2. 2.

i do n’t think so

  3. 3.

does n’t look like it

  4. 4.

don ’ t see a bed

  5. 5.

no , it is inside

  6. 6.

not that i can see

  7. 7.

inside

  8. 8.

i ca n’t tell

  9. 9.

i do n’t think so , it ’s hard to tell

  10. 10.

it is not from what i see

Question:is there windows ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes there is

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

a few

  4. 4.

there is a window which has bright sunlight streaming in

  5. 5.

yes , it looks like

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

there are about 3

  2. 2.

yes , it is

  3. 3.

i think so

  4. 4.

yes there are tree ’s

  5. 5.

yes it is

  6. 6.

only 2 are

  7. 7.

yes , there are some storefronts

  8. 8.

in the distance

  9. 9.

1

  10. 10.

nope

Question:is there a sink ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no sink

  2. 2.

not that i can see

  3. 3.

not in the image

  4. 4.

nope

  5. 5.

i ca n’t see 1

  6. 6.

there is not

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no there is n’t

  2. 2.

no

  3. 3.

not that i see

  4. 4.

not seen in the image

  5. 5.

yes , there appears to be one , but i can not actually see it

  6. 6.

not visible

  7. 7.

ca n’t see it in the picture

  8. 8.

yes there is a faucet no actual sink

  9. 9.

ca n’t see 1

  10. 10.

yes there is

Question:is the clock tower large ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes , huge

  3. 3.

yes it is

  4. 4.

yes , it is

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes it ’s pretty big

  2. 2.

not really

  3. 3.

i think so

  4. 4.

kinda

  5. 5.

medium size

  6. 6.

no

  7. 7.

normal size

  8. 8.

medium sized

  9. 9.

medium

  10. 10.

it ’s wide but not tall

Question:can you see the water ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

no

  3. 3.

yes i can

  4. 4.

yes , i can

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yews

  2. 2.

i think so

  3. 3.

yes a little bit

  4. 4.

yes it is blue

  5. 5.

a little bit

  6. 6.

partially

  7. 7.

looks to be

  8. 8.

barely

  9. 9.

a bit

  10. 10.

yes , it is

Question:are the man and woman the only people in the photo ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

no

  3. 3.

no , they are not

  4. 4.

yes both are

  5. 5.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

i think so

  2. 2.

no other people that i can see

  3. 3.

yes that is all

  4. 4.

i do n’t think so

  5. 5.

just the woman and the little girl

  6. 6.

yes , it is

  7. 7.

yes it is

  8. 8.

not that i can see

  9. 9.

yes it ’s look like it was take late at night

  10. 10.

not really

Question:is anyone watching him ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

i do not see anyone else in the picture

  3. 3.

not that i can see

  4. 4.

i ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

i do n’t think so

  2. 2.

i can not tell

  3. 3.

ca n’t tell

  4. 4.

no he ’s not

  5. 5.

hard to see

  6. 6.

no he is not

  7. 7.

not sure

  8. 8.

can

  9. 9.

possibly

  10. 10.

i believe so , but ca n’t say for sure

Question:are they big boats or small boats ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

small

  2. 2.

they look small

  3. 3.

they are all different sizes

  4. 4.

to scale they are large , medium and small UNK

  5. 5.

medium

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

mix

  2. 2.

both

  3. 3.

on the small side

  4. 4.

no , more like small yachts

  5. 5.

they look older

  6. 6.

no , there are 2 larger ones and 1 smaller 1

  7. 7.

no the boats are all on the sand

  8. 8.

no they are small

  9. 9.

no about medium like the kind that cut hair

  10. 10.

yes

Question:are there other people there ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

yes there are

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes a few others

  2. 2.

yes , there are

  3. 3.

not that i can see

  4. 4.

yeah , 3 total

  5. 5.

not in the photo

  6. 6.

nope

  7. 7.

yes , there are 2 other people in the background

  8. 8.

a couple in the background , and 1 woman barely seen in the foreground

  9. 9.

yes a lot

  10. 10.

3 people

Question:what is there the most of ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

the carrots and what looks like maybe corn are about equal

  2. 2.

i can not tell

  3. 3.

i ca n’t tell

  4. 4.

i ca n’t see the image

  5. 5.

not sure

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

meat

  2. 2.

ca n’t tell

  3. 3.

it looks quite fresh

  4. 4.

it looks like it might be apple

  5. 5.

it appears to be people but i do n’t have the best view

  6. 6.

looks brown or black spots on cream

  7. 7.

light colored

  8. 8.

a little bit

  9. 9.

hard to tell , tomato sandwich

  10. 10.

just the ocean

Question:does the field have a lot of grass ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

it is in a parking lot

  3. 3.

no , it does n’t

  4. 4.

nope

  5. 5.

not that i can see

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

that part is not in the photo

  2. 2.

no not in view

  3. 3.

not really

  4. 4.

not especially

  5. 5.

0

  6. 6.

ca n’t tell

  7. 7.

i do n’t think so

  8. 8.

i can not tell

  9. 9.

i ca n’t tell

  10. 10.

grass

Question:what color is the sign ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

white

  2. 2.

there is a blue sign and a white with red writing sign

  3. 3.

blue

  4. 4.

black and white

  5. 5.

white and black

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

white with writing

  2. 2.

it is white

  3. 3.

white , black and red

  4. 4.

the sign is black

  5. 5.

yes , it is

  6. 6.

red and white

  7. 7.

they are white with black around the edges

  8. 8.

1 yellow and 1 white

  9. 9.

yes it is

  10. 10.

UNK

Question:how old does she look ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

2

  2. 2.

3

  3. 3.

about 9 , i am not sure

  4. 4.

maybe 2 at oldest

  5. 5.

maybe under 1 year old

  6. 6.

maybe 5

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

maybe 7

  2. 2.

4

  3. 3.

1

  4. 4.

maybe 7-10

  5. 5.

looks like a preteen girl

  6. 6.

7-9

  7. 7.

5

  8. 8.

not sure

  9. 9.

7 or 8

  10. 10.

around 8

Question:is there a computer on the desk ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

i think so

  4. 4.

looks like it

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes , it is

  2. 2.

not that i can see

  3. 3.

yes but it is not on

  4. 4.

yes , 1

  5. 5.

yeds

  6. 6.

nope

  7. 7.

not seen

  8. 8.

no , there is n’t

  9. 9.

the top of the desk is not visible

  10. 10.

no there is n’t

Question:are there people ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

no people

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

no there are no people

  5. 5.

no there are n’t

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no people are visible

  2. 2.

not that i can see

  3. 3.

no people at all

  4. 4.

i do n’t see any

  5. 5.

0 that i can see

  6. 6.

0

  7. 7.

not that can be seen

  8. 8.

nobody in the photo

  9. 9.

no , this is a looking up picture

  10. 10.

i do n’t think so

Question:how many stories is it ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

ca n’t tell

  2. 2.

i can not tell

  3. 3.

ca n’t tell because the photo is cut but at least 3

  4. 4.

i ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

maybe 3

  6. 6.

not sure

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

3

  2. 2.

i think 4

  3. 3.

at least 4

  4. 4.

ca n’t see the bottom part

  5. 5.

2

  6. 6.

at least 5

  7. 7.

4

  8. 8.

5 that i can see

  9. 9.

i see 4

  10. 10.

there are only 2

Question:is the grass green ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes , some is

  3. 3.

some of it yes

  4. 4.

yes it is

  5. 5.

yes , it is

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

there is , yes

  2. 2.

some

  3. 3.

yes , i think so

  4. 4.

some parts of it

  5. 5.

light greenish yellow

  6. 6.

lots of grass but yellow

  7. 7.

i think so

  8. 8.

green

  9. 9.

yes , they are

  10. 10.

yes light brown

Question:anything else interesting about the photo ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

the colors are very vibrant

  2. 2.

no

  3. 3.

not really

  4. 4.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

not that i can see

  3. 3.

no , there are n’t

  4. 4.

i do n’t think so

  5. 5.

looks great

  6. 6.

just the sea doo

  7. 7.

0

  8. 8.

no there are n’t

  9. 9.

not visibly , but i ’d say probably so

  10. 10.

yes , it is

Question:are there any farmers near them ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

there are no people visible

  2. 2.

no , there are n’t any people in the image

  3. 3.

no , there is not

  4. 4.

no there are not

  5. 5.

no there are n’t

  6. 6.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

not that i can see

  3. 3.

there are no people in the image

  4. 4.

no there isn ’ t

  5. 5.

no , there are no people

  6. 6.

i do n’t see any

  7. 7.

no there ’s not

  8. 8.

there are no people

  9. 9.

no people

  10. 10.

0 i can see

Question:what does the sign say ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

welcome to UNK

  2. 2.

UNK no UNK

  3. 3.

it just says UNK dame with an arrow pointing left

  4. 4.

words

  5. 5.

UNK UNK

  6. 6.

s gay st

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

join our csa

  2. 2.

beautiful code : leading UNK explain how they think

  3. 3.

the UNK of heaven

  4. 4.

the original tour

  5. 5.

twin peaks with 200 sign on top

  6. 6.

number 9

  7. 7.

not sure

  8. 8.

UNK

  9. 9.

no

  10. 10.

alaska

Question:what is made out of wood ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

wood

  2. 2.

wood maybe

  3. 3.

i can not tell

  4. 4.

cabinets , stove

  5. 5.

ca n’t tell

  6. 6.

hard to tell

  7. 7.

i ca n’t tell

  8. 8.

not sure

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

looks like metal with wood slats

  2. 2.

looks like a table

  3. 3.

table

  4. 4.

the walls

  5. 5.

ca n’t really tell but i would assume so

  6. 6.

yes

  7. 7.

yes , it is

  8. 8.

i think so

  9. 9.

i ca n’t tell but i am guessing a large bin

  10. 10.

it looks to be scissors and a beer can box

Question:are there laying on the floor ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

no there are n’t

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

1 is

  2. 2.

no there is not

  3. 3.

i do n’t think so

  4. 4.

not that i see

  5. 5.

you can ’t see the floor

  6. 6.

1 is the other is sitting on top of a container

  7. 7.

not that i can see

  8. 8.

ys

  9. 9.

i think so

  10. 10.

not really

Question:is there a clock ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

no

  3. 3.

yes there is

  4. 4.

yes , there is

  5. 5.

yep

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

UNK

  2. 2.

i think so

  3. 3.

yes , it is

  4. 4.

yes it is

  5. 5.

yes behind

  6. 6.

yes there are 2

  7. 7.

yes , several of them

  8. 8.

yes it ’s black

  9. 9.

yes there is a rug

  10. 10.

yes on a hamper

Question:do the trees have leaves ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes a lot

  3. 3.

yes , very

  4. 4.

yes they do

  5. 5.

’yes

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes , they are

  2. 2.

some have leaves

  3. 3.

yes a few of them

  4. 4.

i think so

  5. 5.

kinda

  6. 6.

yes , they look fine

  7. 7.

yes , it is

  8. 8.

yes , a few

  9. 9.

green

  10. 10.

yes it is

Question:is the chocolate donut frosted ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

no

  3. 3.

yes , it is

  4. 4.

yes it is

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

it is

  2. 2.

nope

  3. 3.

looks like it

  4. 4.

yes , there ’s some white frosting

  5. 5.

i think it

  6. 6.

i think so

  7. 7.

yes , they are in both

  8. 8.

i do n’t think so

  9. 9.

not completely sure , does n’t look like it

  10. 10.

not that i can tell

Question:if you were to guess , what building is the image set in ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

i can not tell

  2. 2.

i can not see it from here

  3. 3.

i ca n’t tell

  4. 4.

ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

not sure

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

it is in a home

  2. 2.

maybe an office or a school

  3. 3.

can not tell since it is outside

  4. 4.

it looks like a restaurant

  5. 5.

this was not taken by a professional

  6. 6.

in a parking lot somewhere

  7. 7.

i can not tell by the picture how nice the restaurant is

  8. 8.

it is hard to tell , i can only see the table cloth

  9. 9.

no , you can not

  10. 10.

he is n’t in a kitchen

Question:what is on the sign ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

letters

  2. 2.

1 says stop and the other says danger

  3. 3.

pictures

  4. 4.

i do n’t understand the question

  5. 5.

a flickr UNK

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

look like a game

  2. 2.

land in the background

  3. 3.

some website not sure

  4. 4.

UNK

  5. 5.

not sure

  6. 6.

a track and a little gate building

  7. 7.

a few penguins out in penguin element

  8. 8.

yes , i see like 6 billboard signs

  9. 9.

it ’s a dessert

  10. 10.

large rocks on the side of the road

Question:is there any cream or sugar near the mug ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no , there is a spoon next to the mug on the plate however

  2. 2.

yes , a small scoop of yellowish ice cream on top of the pastry

  3. 3.

no there is not

  4. 4.

no that i can see

  5. 5.

not that i can see

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

nope

  3. 3.

not visible in the picture , no

  4. 4.

i do n’t think so

  5. 5.

yes

  6. 6.

yes there is

  7. 7.

i can not tell

  8. 8.

0

  9. 9.

mug

  10. 10.

not really

Question:can you see his opponent ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

no i can not

  3. 3.

no , i can not

  4. 4.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no , not at all

  2. 2.

not in my view

  3. 3.

no just 1 person

  4. 4.

i do n’t think so

  5. 5.

not that i can see

  6. 6.

i ’m not sure

  7. 7.

no , only people

  8. 8.

not really

  9. 9.

there is no scoreboard

  10. 10.

sure why not

Question:are any beverages nearby ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

not that i can see

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

not that i can tell

  5. 5.

0 that are visible

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

i do n’t think so

  2. 2.

0

  3. 3.

no , thankfully

  4. 4.

yes

  5. 5.

i do n’t know

  6. 6.

i think so

  7. 7.

it is a close up of the plate

  8. 8.

not really

  9. 9.

i can not tell

  10. 10.

yes 1

Question:is this in color ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes , it is

  3. 3.

yes it is

  4. 4.

yes in color

  5. 5.

yes it appears to be

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

it is

  2. 2.

yes , i think so

  3. 3.

yea

  4. 4.

i think so

  5. 5.

yes* and yes

  6. 6.

appears to be

  7. 7.

i believe so

  8. 8.

most

  9. 9.

hell yeah

  10. 10.

most likely

Question:what is in background ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

buildings houses like a village

  2. 2.

trees and mountains

  3. 3.

houses

  4. 4.

lots of trees and bushes

  5. 5.

trees

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

a house

  2. 2.

a UNK and the sky

  3. 3.

tall grass

  4. 4.

yes , there are a few buildings

  5. 5.

rocks and small bushes

  6. 6.

the brick building

  7. 7.

a tree

  8. 8.

yes

  9. 9.

not sure

  10. 10.

out in the open

Question:is there anyone on the motorcycle ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

i can not tell

  3. 3.

i can not see

  4. 4.

not that i can see

  5. 5.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

i ca n’t tell

  2. 2.

ca n’t tell

  3. 3.

i do n’t think so

  4. 4.

no 1

  5. 5.

i ca n’t see any but probably

  6. 6.

not sure

  7. 7.

it ’s too blurry to tell

  8. 8.

0

  9. 9.

only his feet are visible

  10. 10.

no people

Question:is the elevator door open ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

i can not tell

  4. 4.

i ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

ca n’t tell

  6. 6.

ca n’t see

  7. 7.

not sure

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

ca n’t really tell

  2. 2.

no it is n’t

  3. 3.

no , it is not

  4. 4.

yes it is

  5. 5.

not in the picture no

  6. 6.

yes , it is

  7. 7.

no not open

  8. 8.

no it ’s not

  9. 9.

i think so

  10. 10.

it looks like it

Question:is he eating over the sink ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no he is eating over the island counter

  2. 2.

no he is n’t

  3. 3.

no he is not

  4. 4.

no he isn ’ t

  5. 5.

no , he is not

  6. 6.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

no not eating

  3. 3.

i do n’t think so

  4. 4.

yes

  5. 5.

yes he is

  6. 6.

i can not tell

  7. 7.

i ca n’t tell

  8. 8.

yes , he is

  9. 9.

not that i can see

  10. 10.

i ca n’t see that part

Question:can you tell if any donuts have been taken from the box ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

i can not tell

  3. 3.

i do n’t think so

  4. 4.

no i can not

  5. 5.

nope

  6. 6.

not that i can see

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

0

  2. 2.

no i can not tell

  3. 3.

no , ca n’t tell

  4. 4.

i ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

not really

  6. 6.

there are a few but don ’ t know the exact number

  7. 7.

yes

  8. 8.

not sure

  9. 9.

ca n’t tell

  10. 10.

yes 1

Question:do you see any hand of a person ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

no there are no people visible

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

no you can not see any

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no people are visible

  2. 2.

no i don ’ t

  3. 3.

there are no people

  4. 4.

no people at all

  5. 5.

no people

  6. 6.

not that i can see

  7. 7.

no , just the food

  8. 8.

0 at all

  9. 9.

0

  10. 10.

there are 0 of those

Question:are there any cacti ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

0

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

not that i can see

  5. 5.

no there are not

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

0 at all

  2. 2.

no i do n’t see any

  3. 3.

i don ’ t see any

  4. 4.

not any in the picture

  5. 5.

i do n’t think so

  6. 6.

sadly , no

  7. 7.

non

  8. 8.

do n’t have a clue

  9. 9.

yes

  10. 10.

no , just the grasses

Question:is there writing on the train ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

there is some spray painted graffiti

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

yes , in english and foreign

  4. 4.

yes , but ca n’t make it out

  5. 5.

yes there is

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

just numbers

  2. 2.

there may be but it is too difficult to see

  3. 3.

amtrak

  4. 4.

yes , it is

  5. 5.

not that i can see

  6. 6.

i think so

  7. 7.

no

  8. 8.

nope

  9. 9.

no there is not

  10. 10.

yes , a little

Question:does it look sunny ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes , it is

  3. 3.

yes it does

  4. 4.

no

  5. 5.

no , it is n’t

  6. 6.

not really

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

i can not tell

  2. 2.

it looks mostly sunny

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

i ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

i guess so , it is hard to tell

  6. 6.

yes , i ’d say so

  7. 7.

not that i can see

  8. 8.

not sure

  9. 9.

ca n’t tell

  10. 10.

i do n’t think so

Question:is the lake quite full ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes very full

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

it ’s too far away to tell

  4. 4.

i can not tell

  5. 5.

i ca n’t tell

  6. 6.

it seems so

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

i would say yes

  2. 2.

ca n’t tell

  3. 3.

yes it is

  4. 4.

looks like it

  5. 5.

yes , it is

  6. 6.

i think so

  7. 7.

i only see a portion of it , so ca n’t tell

  8. 8.

yes i can see it

  9. 9.

not sure

  10. 10.

yes absolutely

Question:can you see the floor ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

no , you can not

  3. 3.

no , i ca n’t

  4. 4.

nope

  5. 5.

no i ca n’t

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no you can not

  2. 2.

no it is not visible

  3. 3.

not really

  4. 4.

no , i ca n’t see the ground

  5. 5.

yes the floor is visible

  6. 6.

yes , the floors are visible

  7. 7.

i do n’t think so

  8. 8.

no this is inside on a table

  9. 9.

yes

  10. 10.

a little bit

Question:are there any other people in the picture ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes there are several people walking in the background

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

there are people in the background

  4. 4.

there are a few

  5. 5.

yes lots of them

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

there are people

  2. 2.

ye

  3. 3.

there are trees in the background , yes

  4. 4.

yes , a couple ball boys

  5. 5.

yes , audience

  6. 6.

yes , it is

  7. 7.

i think so

  8. 8.

no other people can be seen in the photo

  9. 9.

there is 1 man in the background

  10. 10.

there are buildings far off in the distance , it is the only close 1

Question:is the noodles beside the chicken ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no it is all mixed together

  2. 2.

i can not tell

  3. 3.

yes

  4. 4.

no

  5. 5.

yes it is

  6. 6.

yes , it is

  7. 7.

yes !

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no it is n’t

  2. 2.

across from it

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

i think so

  5. 5.

possibly yes

  6. 6.

i do n’t believe so

  7. 7.

not that i can see

  8. 8.

i do n’t think so

  9. 9.

i think it is , but hard to say for sure

  10. 10.

not really

Question:can you read the writing on the ball ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no , i ca n’t make it out

  2. 2.

no

  3. 3.

i ca n’t , it ’s blurry

  4. 4.

it ’s in another language

  5. 5.

yes i can but it is in a foreign language

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes i can

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

there are a lot of small words it is hard to read

  5. 5.

yes i do

  6. 6.

not really

  7. 7.

i can not tell

  8. 8.

there are several , but i ca n’t see the names

  9. 9.

ca n’t see

  10. 10.

i ca n’t tell

Question:is the water clear or dirty ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

i can not tell

  2. 2.

it appears clean

  3. 3.

i ca n’t tell

  4. 4.

very clear

  5. 5.

can not tell

  6. 6.

ca n’t tell

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

it is clean

  2. 2.

clean

  3. 3.

neither

  4. 4.

can barely see the water

  5. 5.

not sure

  6. 6.

it ’s a fairly deep bluish-green , does n’t look like you could see through it

  7. 7.

it does not look brown

  8. 8.

grey

  9. 9.

choppy

  10. 10.

looks pretty gross

Question:is it a living room ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

i think so

  3. 3.

it appears to be

  4. 4.

yes it is

  5. 5.

yes i think so

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

looks like it

  2. 2.

yes , it is

  3. 3.

seems to be

  4. 4.

it looks like it could be

  5. 5.

it could be

  6. 6.

maybe

  7. 7.

it is

  8. 8.

might be , not sure

  9. 9.

no

  10. 10.

not sure

Question:what color are the boots ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

brown

  2. 2.

black

  3. 3.

i ca n’t see from the angle

  4. 4.

i can not tell

  5. 5.

i ca n’t tell

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

gold

  2. 2.

beige and brown

  3. 3.

brown and green

  4. 4.

ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

not sure

  6. 6.

the look like they are black and white

  7. 7.

beige

  8. 8.

looks like they are red

  9. 9.

gray

  10. 10.

light grey

Question:can you see the clouds ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

no i can not see the sky

  3. 3.

no ca n’t see sky

  4. 4.

no , i ca n’t see the sky

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no i ca n’t

  2. 2.

no i can not

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

i ca n’t

  5. 5.

i can not

  6. 6.

i can not tell

  7. 7.

no the sky is clear

  8. 8.

i ca n’t tell

  9. 9.

i do n’t think so

  10. 10.

not that i can see

Question:what color is the frisbee ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yellow

  2. 2.

yellow and black

  3. 3.

green

  4. 4.

yellow and red

  5. 5.

green yellow and red

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yellow as well as his shirt

  2. 2.

yes , it is

  3. 3.

olive green

  4. 4.

yes

  5. 5.

yes it is

  6. 6.

red , yellow , white and black

  7. 7.

a round beige 1

  8. 8.

just about every color UNK

  9. 9.

it is white

  10. 10.

white

Question:how old is the kid ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

not sure maybe 3-4

  2. 2.

around eleven

  3. 3.

can not tell

  4. 4.

ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

i can not say

  6. 6.

i can not tell

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

ca n’t tell from the picture

  2. 2.

i ca n’t tell

  3. 3.

probably around 2

  4. 4.

not sure

  5. 5.

about 2-3

  6. 6.

maybe 1

  7. 7.

he looks young maybe 6 or 7

  8. 8.

i ca n’t make out their age

  9. 9.

maybe 8

  10. 10.

the boy looks about 7 or 8

Question:is he indoors ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

i think so

  3. 3.

yes , he is

  4. 4.

yep

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes , i think so

  2. 2.

he ’s inside

  3. 3.

seems to be

  4. 4.

it is indoors

  5. 5.

it looks like it is

  6. 6.

yes it looks like it was taken indoors

  7. 7.

yes it is

  8. 8.

yes , it is

  9. 9.

looks like

  10. 10.

inside i think

Question:is the woman old ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

it is hard to tell , but i would say she is in her twenties

  3. 3.

probably in her 30s

  4. 4.

not very young

  5. 5.

i do n’t know

  6. 6.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

i do n’t think so

  2. 2.

no , she seems like she could be in early college

  3. 3.

not sure

  4. 4.

doubtful

  5. 5.

middle aged i ’d say

  6. 6.

no not really

  7. 7.

ca n’t tell

  8. 8.

not really

  9. 9.

not that i can see

  10. 10.

i think so , ca n’t see her face well

Question:are there buildings ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

not that i can see

  3. 3.

i ca n’t see any

  4. 4.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no there are n’t

  2. 2.

it does n’t seem like there are any

  3. 3.

0 seen

  4. 4.

0

  5. 5.

ca n’t see

  6. 6.

i do n’t think so

  7. 7.

no , on a sidewalk of a street

  8. 8.

no it is a close up of them

  9. 9.

not really

  10. 10.

yes

Question:what color are the countertops ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

white

  2. 2.

beige

  3. 3.

they look beige

  4. 4.

they are white

  5. 5.

stainless steel

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

i think off white

  2. 2.

black

  3. 3.

like a beige

  4. 4.

dark wood

  5. 5.

brown

  6. 6.

tan

  7. 7.

eggshell

  8. 8.

egg white

  9. 9.

variety of colors

  10. 10.

black i think

Question:do you see a scale ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no i do n’t

  2. 2.

i do n’t

  3. 3.

no i do not

  4. 4.

no i don ’ t

  5. 5.

no ,

  6. 6.

i do n’t think so

  7. 7.

not in the picture

  8. 8.

not that i can see

  9. 9.

no it doesn ’ t look like it

  10. 10.

not really

Question:can you tell what they are stuffed with ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no , they are in an self serving orange bottle , it almost looks like a fruit
drink

  2. 2.

i can not tell

  3. 3.

no

  4. 4.

not really

  5. 5.

nope

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

i ca n’t tell

  2. 2.

not sure

  3. 3.

not that i can see

  4. 4.

only the top , which looks to be crumbs for some reason beyond me

  5. 5.

ca n’t tell

  6. 6.

i do n’t see any

  7. 7.

no the big ones

  8. 8.

yes

  9. 9.

i do n’t think so

  10. 10.

it looks like a seasoned french bread

Question:what color are the sweatpants ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

grey and white

  2. 2.

grey

  3. 3.

gray

  4. 4.

brown

  5. 5.

black

  6. 6.

they are khaki

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

gray mostly

  2. 2.

not clear

  3. 3.

1 is black and the other is grey

  4. 4.

1 is tan and the other is brown

  5. 5.

they ’re gray metal

  6. 6.

look orange or tan

  7. 7.

grey , black , white

  8. 8.

1 is dark , the other a lighter brown

  9. 9.

black and gold

  10. 10.

not sure

Question:are the cupboards open or closed ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

closed

  2. 2.

open

  3. 3.

there is a cabinet slightly open

  4. 4.

halfway open

  5. 5.

ca n’t tell but looks closed

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

i ca n’t tell if there are doors

  2. 2.

it is open

  3. 3.

yes

  4. 4.

i can t tell from this angle

  5. 5.

yes ,

  6. 6.

no they are closed

  7. 7.

no they are all closed

  8. 8.

no

  9. 9.

yes it is open

  10. 10.

halfway it looks like

Question:is there only 1 baseball player ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

1 batting and a catcher

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

yes there is

  4. 4.

1 that is visible yes

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

only 3 players can be seen from the angle

  2. 2.

yes , he plays for the mets

  3. 3.

no i see 2

  4. 4.

there are 2

  5. 5.

it appears to be

  6. 6.

es

  7. 7.

no

  8. 8.

yes about 5

  9. 9.

yes , it is

  10. 10.

i think so

Question:how old do they seem to be ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

they are pretty far away but seem to be an older couple

  2. 2.

i can not tell

  3. 3.

i ca n’t tell

  4. 4.

ca n’t tell

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

middle aged

  2. 2.

i ca n’t tell his back is facing the camera

  3. 3.

i would say 30s

  4. 4.

maybe mid thirties

  5. 5.

not sure

  6. 6.

20-30

  7. 7.

pretty old , in their 60s

  8. 8.

20 ’s or 30 ’s

  9. 9.

mid thirties

  10. 10.

maybe late 20 ’s to early 30 ’s

Question:are there any utensils shown ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

no there are n’t

  5. 5.

yes , there are

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

not that i can see

  2. 2.

yes there are some

  3. 3.

not really

  4. 4.

i do n’t think so

  5. 5.

0

  6. 6.

i think so

  7. 7.

0 at all

  8. 8.

yes a glass bowl

  9. 9.

lots

  10. 10.

1

Question:is the photo in color ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes it is

  3. 3.

yes , it is

  4. 4.

yes , it ’s a color image

  5. 5.

yes , the image is in color

  6. 6.

yes it ’s in color

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

yes , the picture is in color

  2. 2.

yes the picture is in color

  3. 3.

yes in color

  4. 4.

it is

  5. 5.

it is in color

  6. 6.

yes ,

  7. 7.

yep

  8. 8.

definitely

  9. 9.

i believe it is , yes

  10. 10.

yes , it look professional

Question:approximately how many people are there ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

6

  2. 2.

2 in the foreground , about 6 in the back

  3. 3.

4

  4. 4.

5

  5. 5.

5 people

  6. 6.

i see 4 people

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

i see 7

  2. 2.

3

  3. 3.

there are 4 total

  4. 4.

8

  5. 5.

3 that i can see

  6. 6.

about 10

  7. 7.

around 9

  8. 8.

4 or 5 , they are very tiny and hard to count

  9. 9.

about 3

  10. 10.

looks like 3

Question:is there any people ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

just a photo of 1

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

not that i can see

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no there is n’t

  2. 2.

no people

  3. 3.

not in the image

  4. 4.

0 that i can see

  5. 5.

i do n’t see any

  6. 6.

no 1

  7. 7.

no people in the shot

  8. 8.

no people present

  9. 9.

there are no people

  10. 10.

0

Question:is it clean ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

kind of , it ’s under construction

  3. 3.

no

  4. 4.

yes , it is

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

appears to be

  2. 2.

yes it is

  3. 3.

it looks like it

  4. 4.

somewhat

  5. 5.

hard to tell

  6. 6.

kind of

  7. 7.

i think so

  8. 8.

sort of

  9. 9.

not really

  10. 10.

nope

Question:is it a male ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

hard to tell

  3. 3.

i can not tell

  4. 4.

is like that

  5. 5.

ca n’t tell

  6. 6.

i ca n’t tell

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

not sure

  2. 2.

i think so

  3. 3.

possibly , i ca n’t tell

  4. 4.

no sure

  5. 5.

looks like

  6. 6.

it appears to be

  7. 7.

could be

  8. 8.

seems to be

  9. 9.

yes , it is

  10. 10.

yes it is

Question:is the weather UNK ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes , it is

  2. 2.

it looks a bit overcast

  3. 3.

it looks clear

  4. 4.

i can not tell

  5. 5.

no

  6. 6.

i ca n’t tell

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

ca n’t tell

  2. 2.

yes , it is very clear

  3. 3.

no it is not

  4. 4.

ca n’t tell from photo

  5. 5.

it is sunny

  6. 6.

i do n’t think so

  7. 7.

yes

  8. 8.

no it ’s not

  9. 9.

yes , from what i can see

  10. 10.

yes , the sun is shining

Question:would you say this is a mother and child ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes i would

  2. 2.

yes

  3. 3.

possibly

  4. 4.

i think so

  5. 5.

yes it is

  6. 6.

not sure

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

maybe

  2. 2.

i can not tell

  3. 3.

yes , it is

  4. 4.

i ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

ca n’t really tell , but i would believe so

  6. 6.

no

  7. 7.

no can not tell

  8. 8.

i do n’t think so

  9. 9.

ca n’t tell

  10. 10.

nope

Question:is it day or night ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

day

  2. 2.

daytime

  3. 3.

it is daytime

  4. 4.

day time

  5. 5.

it ’s daytime

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

it looks to be day time

  2. 2.

it is mid day

  3. 3.

day time i think

  4. 4.

it looks like it may be late afternoon

  5. 5.

in the even or morning

  6. 6.

probably afternoon

  7. 7.

yes

  8. 8.

yes it is

  9. 9.

morning

  10. 10.

yes , it is

Question:what brand of laptop are they ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

toshiba , i ca n’t tell on the other

  2. 2.

i can not tell

  3. 3.

i ca n’t tell

  4. 4.

ca n’t tell

  5. 5.

not sure

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no sure

  2. 2.

hard to tell

  3. 3.

i do n’t know

  4. 4.

can ’s really tell

  5. 5.

you ca n’t see it , but if it is truly a laptop you can only see the screen ,

  6. 6.

not necessarily

  7. 7.

silver

  8. 8.

hard to tell , some kind of pine i think

  9. 9.

all gray

  10. 10.

grey

Question:can you see any other cows ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

nope

  3. 3.

no i can not

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no , i ca n’t

  2. 2.

just the 1

  3. 3.

only 1

  4. 4.

i do not

  5. 5.

no i do n’t

  6. 6.

not that i can see

  7. 7.

0 at all

  8. 8.

no3

  9. 9.

0

  10. 10.

i do n’t think so

Question:is there a bun ?

MRR candidate set

  1. 1.

yes

  2. 2.

yes , there is

  3. 3.

yes there is

  4. 4.

there is

Top 10 from the remaining NDCG candidates

  1. 1.

no

  2. 2.

yep

  3. 3.

nope

  4. 4.

yes , i think so

  5. 5.

no there is n’t

  6. 6.

yes on the side

  7. 7.

yes , it is

  8. 8.

i think so

  9. 9.

not that i can see

  10. 10.

i do n’t think so