  The current orbital geometries of exoplanet systems offer a fossilized record
of the systems' dynamical histories. A particularly rich set of dynamical
mechanisms is available to exoplanets residing in multi-star systems, which may
have their evolution shaped by the gravitational influence of bound stellar
companions. In this work, we examine the joint distribution of stellar
obliquities and orbital orientations for transiting exoplanets residing within
astrometrically resolved binary and triple-star systems. We leverage existing
constraints on stellar obliquities in exoplanet systems, together with
astrometric measurements from Gaia DR3, to uncover a set of fully-aligned,
"orderly" exoplanet systems that exhibit evidence of both spin-orbit and
orbit-orbit alignment. We also find evidence that the observed distribution of
orbit-orbit orientations in our sample is more strongly peaked toward alignment
than an isotropic distribution. Our results may be indicative of efficient
viscous dissipation by nodally recessing protoplanetary disks, demonstrating a
regime in which stellar companions produce and maintain order in planetary
systems, rather than enhancing misalignments.


  This paper concerns the existence of a nontrivial solution for the following
problem
  \begin{equation}
  \left\{\begin{aligned}
  -\Delta u + V(x)u & \in \partial_u F(x,u)\;\;\mbox{a.e.
in}\;\;\mathbb{R}^{N},\nonumber
  u \in H^{1}(\mathbb{R}^{N}).
  \end{aligned}
  \right.\leqno{(P)}
  \end{equation} where $F(x,t)=\int_{0}^{t}f(x,s)\,ds$, $f$ is a
$\mathbb{Z}^{N}$-periodic Caratheodory function and $\lambda=0$ does not belong
to the spectrum of $-\Delta+V$. Here, $\partial_t F$ denotes the generalized
gradient of $F$ with respect to variable $t$.


  The material removal rates during milling operations are affected by the
selection of the cutting depth and spindle speed. Poor selection of these
parameters can result in chatter or suboptimal material removal rates.
Stability Lobe Diagrams (SLDs) are the well-known approach to selecting
appropriate chatter-free values for these parameters. The Physics-based
stability lobe diagram is usually generated using the structural dynamics and
the cutting parameters. However, since the machine dynamics are measured in the
static state of the machine (zero speed), the generated SLD is not reliable as
the machine behavior may vary during the cutting operations. Besides, measuring
structural dynamics parameters under cutting conditions is difficult and needs
new equipment. This study proposes a new approach to determining in-process
structural dynamics parameters based on a multivariate Newton-Raphson method.
The physics-based model is combined with empirical records to extract reliable
structural dynamics parameters inversely. Some examples based on synthetic data
are presented to illustrate this inverse approach. Also, the performance of the
algorithm is evaluated on an empirical data set and its ability to improve the
stability boundary is verified. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis is
performed to quantify the exposure of the SLD to the changes in each structural
dynamics parameter.


  We investigate the problem of type isomorphisms in a programming language
with higher-order references. We first recall the game-theoretic model of
higher-order references by Abramsky, Honda and McCusker. Solving an open
problem by Laurent, we show that two finitely branching arenas are isomorphic
if and only if they are geometrically the same, up to renaming of moves
(Laurent's forest isomorphism). We deduce from this an equational theory
characterizing isomorphisms of types in a finitary language with higher order
references. We show however that Laurent's conjecture does not hold on
infinitely branching arenas, yielding a non-trivial type isomorphism in the
extension of this language with natural numbers.


  We propose a new way of deriving policy gradient updates for reinforcement
learning. Our technique, based on Fourier analysis, recasts integrals that
arise with expected policy gradients as convolutions and turns them into
multiplications. The obtained analytical solutions allow us to capture the low
variance benefits of EPG in a broad range of settings. For the critic, we treat
trigonometric and radial basis functions, two function families with the
universal approximation property. The choice of policy can be almost arbitrary,
including mixtures or hybrid continuous-discrete probability distributions.
Moreover, we derive a general family of sample-based estimators for stochastic
policy gradients, which unifies existing results on sample-based approximation.
We believe that this technique has the potential to shape the next generation
of policy gradient approaches, powered by analytical results.


  We calculate the production cross sections for $D^{*+}D^{*-}$, $D^+D^{*-}$
and $D^+D^-$ in $e^+e^-$ annihilation through one virtual photon in the
framework of perturbative QCD with constituent quarks. The calculated cross
sections for $D^{*+}D^{*-}$ and $D^+D^{*-}$ production are roughly in agreement
with the recent Belle data. The helicity decomposition for $D^{*}$ meson
production is also calculated. The fraction of the $D^{*\pm}_LD^{*\mp}_T$ final
state in $e^+e^-\to D^{*+}D^{*-}$ process is found to be 65%. The fraction of
$DD^*_T$ production is 100% and $DD^*_L$ is forbidden in $e^+e^-$ annihilation
through one virtual photon. We further consider $e^+e^-$ annihilation through
two virtual photons, and then find the fraction of $DD^{*}_T$ in $e^+e^-\to
DD^{*}$ process to be about 91%.


  The process of acquiring microscopic images in life sciences often results in
image degradation and corruption, characterised by the presence of noise and
blur, which poses significant challenges in accurately analysing and
interpreting the obtained data. This paper proposes LUCYD, a novel method for
the restoration of volumetric microscopy images that combines the
Richardson-Lucy deconvolution formula and the fusion of deep features obtained
by a fully convolutional network. By integrating the image formation process
into a feature-driven restoration model, the proposed approach aims to enhance
the quality of the restored images whilst reducing computational costs and
maintaining a high degree of interpretability. Our results demonstrate that
LUCYD outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in both synthetic and real
microscopy images, achieving superior performance in terms of image quality and
generalisability. We show that the model can handle various microscopy
modalities and different imaging conditions by evaluating it on two different
microscopy datasets, including volumetric widefield and light-sheet microscopy.
Our experiments indicate that LUCYD can significantly improve resolution,
contrast, and overall quality of microscopy images. Therefore, it can be a
valuable tool for microscopy image restoration and can facilitate further
research in various microscopy applications. We made the source code for the
model accessible under https://github.com/ctom2/lucyd-deconvolution.


  We compute the holographic entanglement entropy of a thermalized CFT on a
time-dependent background in four dimensions. We consider a slab configuration
extending beyond the cosmological horizon of a
Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker metric. We identify a volume term that
corresponds to the thermal entropy of the CFT, as well as terms proportional to
the proper area of the entangling surface which are associated with strongly
entangled degrees of freedom in the vicinity of this surface or with the
expansion.


  The aim of this study is tree-fold. First, we investigate the thermodynamics
of the Ising models with respect to 2-multiple Hamiltonians. This extends the
previous results of [Chazotte and Redig, Electron. J. Probably., 2014] to
$\mathbb{N}^d$. Second, we establish the large deviation principle (LDP) of the
average $\frac{1}{N} S_N^G$, where $S_N^G$ is a 2-multiple sum along a
semigroup generated by k numbers which are k co-primes. This extends the
previous results [Ban et al. Indag. Math., 2021] to a board class of the
long-range interactions. Finally, the results described above are generalized
to the multidimensional lattice $\mathbb{N}^d, d\geq1$.


  Geometric/arithmetic theta correspondences provide correspondences between
automorphic forms and cohomology classes/algebraic cycles on Shimura varieties.
We give an introduction focusing on the example of unitary groups and highlight
recent advances in the arithmetic theory (also known as the Kudla program) and
their applications. These are expanded lecture notes for the IHES 2022 Summer
School on the Langlands Program.


  We study the asymptotic speed of a second class particle in the two-species
asymmetric simple exclusion process (ASEP) on $\mathbb{Z}$ with each particle
belonging either to the first class or the second class. For any fixed
non-negative integer $L$, we consider the two-species ASEP started from the
initial data with all the sites of $\mathbb{Z}_{<-L}$ occupied by first class
particles, all the sites of $\mathbb{Z}_{[-L,0]}$ occupied by second class
particles, and the rest of the sites of $\mathbb{Z}$ unoccupied. With these
initial conditions, we show that the speed of the leftmost second class
particle converges weakly to a distribution supported on a symmetric compact
interval $\Gamma\subset \mathbb{R}$. Furthermore, the limiting distribution is
shown to have the same law as the minimum of $L+1$ independent random samples
drawn uniformly from the interval $\Gamma$.


  In this paper, we introduce and characterize a class of parabolically
extended structures for relatively hyperbolic groups. A characterization of
relative quasiconvexity with respect to parabolically extended structures is
obtained using dynamical methods. Some applications are discussed. The class of
groups acting geometrically finitely on Floyd boundaries turns out to be easily
understood. However, we also show that Dunwoody's inaccessible group does not
act geometrically finitely on its Floyd boundary.


  Rapid flux changes in the X-ray emission from active galactic nuclei are
commonly observed. The power-density spectra show a pseudo power-law form with
a turnover at low frequencies and a high frequency break, similar to galactic
black-hole candidates. There have been a few claims for periodicities but these
are not a well-established property of the class. The amplitude of variability
depends on a number of source parameters, including luminosity and spectral
properties. The variability amplitude is correlated with X-ray spectral index,
and anti-correlated with the width of the permitted optical lines. In one
particularly well-observed case, NGC 7469, we see a relationship between the
X-ray and UV variability, which indicates that the dominant emission process
for the X-rays is thermal Comptonization. Variations in the X-ray emission are
related to changes in the UV seed photons, but it appears there must also be a
mechanism - perhaps that which heats the Comptonizing corona - that induces
rapid variability intrinsic to the X-rays.


  The largest, at the moment, statistics of 7x10^6 eta->3pi^0 decays, based on
6.2x10^7 eta mesons produced in the gamma p -> eta p reaction, has been
accumulated by the A2 Collaboration at the Mainz Microtron, MAMI. It allowed a
detailed study of the eta->3pi^0 dynamics beyond its conventional
parametrization with just the quadratic slope parameter alpha and enabled, for
the first time, a measurement of the second-order term and a better
understanding of the cusp structure in the neutral decay. The present data are
also compared to recent theoretical calculations that predict a nonlinear
dependence along the quadratic distance from the Dalitz-plot center.


  Assuming standard conjectures, we show that the canonical symmetrizing trace
evaluated at powers of a Coxeter element produces rational Catalan numbers for
irreducible spetsial complex reflection groups. This extends a technique used
by Galashin, Lam, Trinh, and Williams to uniformly prove the enumeration of
their noncrossing Catalan objects for finite Coxeter groups.


  We study the role of non-Markovian effects in the emission spectrum of a
quantum emitter resonantly coupled to a surface plasmon in a metal-dielectric
structure as the system transitions to strong coupling regime. By using a
recent quantum approach to interacting plasmons that incorporates the effects
of host material's optical dispersion and losses in the coupling parameters, we
obtain analytically the emission spectrum for a plasmonic system of arbitrary
shape with characteristic size below the diffraction limit. In the weak
coupling regime, the dispersion-induced non-Markovian effects are weak and do
not significantly affect the spectral shape of the emission peak. In contrast,
in the strong coupling regime, the non-Markovian effects lead to dramatic
changes in the emission spectra by causing inversion of spectral asymmetry, as
compared to classical and quantum models based on the Markov approximation,
which results in a strong enhancement of the lower frequency polaritonic band,
consistent with the experiment.


  The Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) entered on-sky commissioning and had its
first-light at the Gemini South (GS) telescope in November 2013. GPI is an
extreme adaptive optics (XAO), high-contrast imager and integral-field
spectrograph dedicated to the direct detection of hot exo-planets down to a
Jupiter mass. The performance of the apodized pupil Lyot coronagraph depends
critically upon the residual wavefront error (design goal of 60 nm RMS with 5
mas RMS tip/tilt), and therefore is most sensitive to vibration (internal or
external) of Gemini's instrument suite. Excess vibration can be mitigated by a
variety of methods such as passive or active dampening at the instrument or
telescope structure or Kalman filtering of specific frequencies with the AO
control loop. Understanding the sources, magnitudes and impact of vibration is
key to mitigation. This paper gives an overview of related investigations based
on instrument data (GPI AO module) as well as external data from accelerometer
sensors placed at different locations on the GS telescope structure. We report
the status of related mitigation efforts, and present corresponding results.


  Many complex systems, ranging from migrating cells to animal groups, exhibit
stochastic dynamics described by the underdamped Langevin equation. Inferring
such an equation of motion from experimental data can provide profound insight
into the physical laws governing the system. Here, we derive a principled
framework to infer the dynamics of underdamped stochastic systems from
realistic experimental trajectories, sampled at discrete times and subject to
measurement errors. This framework yields an operational method, Underdamped
Langevin Inference (ULI), which performs well on experimental trajectories of
single migrating cells and in complex high-dimensional systems, including
flocks with Viscek-like alignment interactions. Our method is robust to
experimental measurement errors, and includes a self-consistent estimate of the
inference error.


  We study the two-dimensional problem of propagation of linear water waves in
deep water in the presence of a submerged body. Under some geometrical
requirements, we derive an explicit bound for the solution depending on the
domain and the functions on the right-hand side.


  One of the main challenges of decentralized machine learning paradigms such
as Federated Learning (FL) is the presence of local non-i.i.d. datasets.
Device-to-device transfers (D2D) between distributed devices has been shown to
be an effective tool for dealing with this problem and robust to stragglers. In
an unsupervised case, however, it is not obvious how data exchanges should take
place due to the absence of labels. In this paper, we propose an approach to
create an optimal graph for data transfer using Reinforcement Learning. The
goal is to form links that will provide the most benefit considering the
environment's constraints and improve convergence speed in an unsupervised FL
environment. Numerical analysis shows the advantages in terms of convergence
speed and straggler resilience of the proposed method to different available FL
schemes and benchmark datasets.


  With one- and two-qubit gate fidelities approaching the fault-tolerance
threshold for spin qubits in silicon, how to scale up the architecture and make
large arrays of spin qubits become the more pressing challenges. In a scaled-up
structure, qubit-to-qubit connectivity has crucial impact on gate counts of
quantum error correction and general quantum algorithms. In our toolbox of
quantum gates for spin qubits, SWAP gate is quite versatile: it can help solve
the connectivity problem by realizing both short- and long-range spin state
transfer, and act as a basic two-qubit gate, which can reduce quantum circuit
depth when combined with other two-qubit gates. However, for spin qubits in
silicon quantum dots, high fidelity SWAP gates have not been demonstrated due
to the requirements of large circuit bandwidth and a highly adjustable ratio
between the strength of the exchange coupling J and the Zeeman energy
difference Delta E_z. Here we demonstrate a fast SWAP gate with a duration of
~25 ns based on quantum dots in isotopically enriched silicon, with a highly
adjustable ratio between J and Delta E_z, for over two orders of magnitude in
our device. We are also able to calibrate the single-qubit local phases during
the SWAP gate by incorporating single-qubit gates in our circuit. By
independently reading out the qubits, we probe the anti-correlations between
the two spins, estimate the operation fidelity and analyze the dominant error
sources for our SWAP gate. These results pave the way for high fidelity SWAP
gates, and processes based on them, such as quantum communication on chip and
quantum simulation by engineering the Heisenberg Hamiltonian in silicon.


  We give a homotopy theoretic characterization of sheaves on a stack and, more
generally, a presheaf of groupoids on an arbitary small site C. We use this to
prove homotopy invariance and generalized descent statements for categories of
sheaves and quasi-coherent sheaves. As a corollary we obtain an alternate proof
of a generalized change of rings theorem of Hovey.


  The remarkable structure and computationally explicit form of isogeny graphs
of elliptic curves over a finite field has made them an important tool for
computational number theorists and practitioners of elliptic curve
cryptography. This expository paper recounts the theory behind these graphs and
examines several recently developed algorithms that realize substantial (often
dramatic) performance gains by exploiting this theory.


  Angle-resolved photoemission measurements have been performed on Bi2Ir2O7
single crystals, a prototypical example of the pyrochlore iridates. The density
of states, the Fermi surface, and the near Fermi level band dispersion in the
plane perpendicular to the (111) direction were all measured and found to be in
overall agreement with our LDA + SOC density functional calculations. Our
observations indicate the general validity of the LDA + SOC-based approach for
the electronic structure of pyrochlore iridates, raising the possibility that
some of the novel predicted phases such as quantum spin ice or Weyl Fermion
states may exist in this family of compounds.


  We compute the Zero Point Energy in a spherically symmetric background
combining the high energy distortion of Gravity's Rainbow with the modification
induced by a f(R) theory. Here f(R) is a generic analytic function of the Ricci
curvature scalar R in 4D and in 3D. The explicit calculation is performed for a
Schwarzschild metric. Due to the spherically symmetric property of the
Schwarzschild metric we can compare the effects of the modification induced by
a f(R) theory in 4D and in 3D. We find that the final effect of the combined
theory is to have finite quantities that shift the Zero Point Energy. In this
context we setup a Sturm-Liouville problem with the cosmological constant
considered as the associated eigenvalue. The eigenvalue equation is a
reformulation of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation which is analyzed by means of a
variational approach based on gaussian trial functionals. With the help of a
canonical decomposition, we find that the relevant contribution to one loop is
given by the graviton quantum fluctuations around the given background. A final
discussion on the connection of our result with the observed cosmological
constant is also reported.


  Developments in lattice field theory and computer technology have led to
dramatic advances in the use of lattice QCD to explore the quark structure of
hadrons. This talk will describe selected examples, including structure
functions, electromagnetic form factors, the nucleon axial charge, the origin
of the nucleon spin, the transverse structure of the nucleon, and the nucleon
to Delta transition form factor.


  We reformulate free equations of motion for massive spin 0 and spin 1/2
matter fields in 2+1 dimensional anti-de Sitter space in the form of some
covariant constantness conditions. The infinite-dimensional representation of
the anti-de Sitter algebra underlying this formulation is shown to admit a
natural realization in terms of the algebra of deformed oscillators with a
deformation parameter related to the parameter of mass.


  We apply Thermostatted Ring Polymer Molecular Dynamics (TRPMD), a
recently-proposed approximate quantum dynamics method, to the computation of
thermal reaction rates. Its short-time Transition-State Theory (TST) limit is
identical to rigorous Quantum Transition-State Theory, and we find that its
long-time limit is independent of the location of the dividing surface. TRPMD
rate theory is then applied to one-dimensional model systems, the atom-diatom
bimolecular reactions H+H$_2$, D+MuH and F+H$_2$, and the prototypical
polyatomic reaction H+CH$_4$. Above the crossover temperature, the TRPMD rate
is virtually invariant to the strength of the friction applied to the internal
ring-polymer normal modes, and beneath the crossover temperature the TRPMD rate
generally decreases with increasing friction, in agreement with the predictions
of Kramers theory. We therefore find that TRPMD is approximately equal to, or
less accurate than, Ring Polymer Molecular Dynamics (RPMD) for symmetric
reactions, and for certain asymmetric systems and friction parameters closer to
the quantum result, providing a basis for further assessment of the accuracy of
this method.


  We here present the complete analysis of experiments on driven Brownian
motion and electric noise in a $RC$ circuit, showing that thermodynamic entropy
production can be related to the breaking of time-reversal symmetry in the
statistical description of these nonequilibrium systems. The symmetry breaking
can be expressed in terms of dynamical entropies per unit time, one for the
forward process and the other for the time-reversed process. These entropies
per unit time characterize dynamical randomness, i.e., temporal disorder, in
time series of the nonequilibrium fluctuations. Their difference gives the
well-known thermodynamic entropy production, which thus finds its origin in the
time asymmetry of dynamical randomness, alias temporal disorder, in systems
driven out of equilibrium.


  A series of ceramic artworks are presented, inspired by the author's research
connecting theoretical physics to the beautiful theory of Riemann surfaces.
More specifically the research is related to the classification of curves on
the surfaces based on a description of them as built from basic building blocks
known as "pairs of pants". The relevant background on this mathematics of these
two dimensional spaces is outlined, some of the artistic process is explained:
Both the conceptual ideas and their implementation. Many photos of the ceramics
are included to illustrate this and the connected physics problem is briefly
mentioned.


  Many variables of interest in clinical medicine, like disease severity, are
recorded using discrete ordinal categories such as normal/mild/moderate/severe.
These labels are used to train and evaluate disease severity prediction models.
However, ordinal categories represent a simplification of an underlying
continuous severity spectrum. Using continuous scores instead of ordinal
categories is more sensitive to detecting small changes in disease severity
over time. Here, we present a generalized framework that accurately predicts
continuously valued variables using only discrete ordinal labels during model
development. We found that for three clinical prediction tasks, models that
take the ordinal relationship of the training labels into account outperformed
conventional multi-class classification models. Particularly the continuous
scores generated by ordinal classification and regression models showed a
significantly higher correlation with expert rankings of disease severity and
lower mean squared errors compared to the multi-class classification models.
Furthermore, the use of MC dropout significantly improved the ability of all
evaluated deep learning approaches to predict continuously valued scores that
truthfully reflect the underlying continuous target variable. We showed that
accurate continuously valued predictions can be generated even if the model
development only involves discrete ordinal labels. The novel framework has been
validated on three different clinical prediction tasks and has proven to bridge
the gap between discrete ordinal labels and the underlying continuously valued
variables.


  Road traffic crashes have been the leading cause of death among young people.
Most of these accidents occur when the driver becomes distracted and a
loss-of-control situation occurs. Steer-by-Wire systems were recently proposed
as an alternative to mitigate such accidents. This technology enables the
decoupling of the front wheel steering angles from the driver hand wheel angle
and, consequently, the measurement of road/tire friction limits and the
development of novel control systems capable of ensuring vehicle stabilization
and safety. However, vehicle safety boundaries are highly dependent on tire
characteristics which vary significantly with temperature, wear and the tire
manufacturing process. Therefore, design of autonomous vehicle and driver
assistance controllers cannot assume that these characteristics are constant or
known. Thus, this paper proposes a Guaranteed Cost Model Predictive Controller
Driver Assistance System able to avoid front and rear tire saturation and to
track the drivers intent up to the limits of handling for a vehicle with
uncertain tire parameters. Simulation results show the performance of the
proposed approach under time-varying uniformly distributed disturbances.


  The masses and residues of the spin--3/2 doubly heavy baryons are calculated
within the QCD sum rules method. A comparison of our predictions with those
existing in the literature is also made.


  We investigate the isotopy question for Taniguchi semifields. We give a
complete characterization when two Taniguchi semifields are isotopic. We
further give precise upper and lower bounds for the total number of
non-isotopic Taniguchi semifields, proving that there are around $p^{m+s}$
non-isotopic Taniguchi semifields of size $p^{2m}$ where $s$ is the largest
divisor of $m$ with $2s\neq m$. This result proves that the family of Taniguchi
semifields is (asymptotically) the biggest known family of semifields of odd
order. The key ingredient of the proofs is a technique to determine isotopy
that uses group theory to exploit the existence of certain large subgroups of
the autotopism group of a semifield.


  The light cone spreading of correlations following a quantum quench is
obtained from first principles. Fully taking into account quantum and
interaction effects, the derivation shows how light cone dynamics does not
require peculiar properties of the post-quench state.


  We present the B-BOP instrument, a polarimetric camera on board the future
ESA-JAXA SPICA far-infrared space observatory. B-BOP will allow the study of
the magnetic field in various astrophysical environments thanks to its
unprecedented ability to measure the linear polarization of the submillimeter
light. The maps produced by B-BOP will contain not only information on total
power, but also on the degree and the angle of polarization, simultaneously in
three spectral bands (70, 200 and 350 microns). The B-BOP detectors are
ultra-sensitive silicon bolometers that are intrinsically sensitive to
polarization. Their NEP is close to 10E-18 W/sqrt(Hz). We will present the
optical and thermal architectures of the instrument, we will detail the
bolometer design and we will show the expected performances of the instrument
based on preliminary lab work.


  The use of Type Ia supernovae as distance indicators relies on the
determination of their brightness. This is not constant, but it can be
calibrated using an observed relation between the brightness and the properties
of the optical light curve (decline rate, width, shape), which indicates that
brighter SNe have broader, slower light curves. However, the physical basis for
this relation is not yet fully understood. Among possible causes are different
masses of the progenitor white dwarfs or different opacities in
Chandrasekhar-mass explosions. We parametrise the Chandrasekhar-mass models
presented by Iwamoto et al (1999), which synthesize different amounts of Ni,
and compute bolometric light curves and spectra at various epochs. Since
opacity in SNe Ia is due mostly to spectral lines, it should depend on the mass
of Fe-peak elements synthesized in the explosion, and on the temperature in the
ejecta. Bolometric light curves computed using these prescriptions for the
optical opacity reproduce the relation between brightness and decline rate.
Furthermore, when spectra are calculated, the change in colour between maximum
and two weeks later allows the observed relation between M_B(Max) and
Dm_{15}(B) to be reproduced quite nicely. Spectra computed at various epochs
compare well with corresponding spectra of spectroscopically normal SNeIa
selected to cover a similar range of Dm_{15}(B) values.


  We give a new proof of the representation of implied volatility as a
time-average of weighted expectations of local or stochastic volatility. With
this proof we clarify the question of existence of 'forward implied variance'
in the original derivation of Gatheral, who introduced this representation in
his book 'The Volatility Surface'.


  We perform the analysis of elastic scattering $pp$ and $\bar{p}p$ data at low
momentum transfer $|t|<0.1$ GeV$^2$ within large collider energy interval
$\sqrt{s}=50$ GeV - 13 TeV in order to evaluate quantitatively the possible
Odderon contribution. We use the two-channel eikonal model, which naturally
accounts for the screening of the Odderon amplitude by $C$-even (Pomeron)
exchanges.


  We consider propagation of a probe pulse in an atomic medium characterized by
a combined tripod and Lambda ($\Lambda$) atom-light coupling scheme. The scheme
involves three atomic ground states coupled to two excited states by five light
fields. It is demonstrated that dark states can be formed for such an
atom-light coupling. This is essential for formation of the electromagnetically
induced transparency (EIT) and slow light. In the limiting cases the scheme
reduces to conventional $\Lambda$- or $N$-type atom-light couplings providing
the EIT or absorption, respectively. Thus the atomic system can experience a
transition from the EIT to the absorption by changing the amplitudes or phases
of control lasers. Subsequently the scheme is employed to analyze the nonlinear
pulse propagation using the coupled Maxwell-Bloch equations. It is shown that
generation of stable slow light optical solitons is possible in such a
five-level combined tripod and $\Lambda$ atomic system.


  Spectral computed tomography has received considerable interest in recent
years since spectral measurements contain much richer information about the
object of interest. In spectral computed tomography, we are interested in the
energy channel-wise reconstructions of the object. However, such
reconstructions suffer from low signal-to-noise ratio and share the challenges
of conventional low-dose computed tomography such as ring artifacts. Ring
artifacts arise from errors in the flat-field correction and can significantly
degrade the quality of the reconstruction. We propose an extended flat-field
model that exploits high correlation in the spectral flat-fields to reduce ring
artifacts in the channel-wise reconstructions. The extended model relies on the
assumption that the spectral flat-fields can be well-approximated by a low-rank
matrix. Our proposed model works directly on the spectral flat-fields and can
be combined with any existing reconstruction model, e.g., filtered back
projection and iterative methods. The proposed model is validated on a neutron
data set. The results show that our method successfully diminishes ring
artifacts and improves the quality of the reconstructions. Moreover, the
results indicate that our method is robust; it only needs a single spectral
flat-field image, whereas existing methods need multiple spectral flat-field
images to reach a similar level of ring reduction.


  This work deals with the effects of an apex predator on the cyclic
competition among three distinct species that follow the rules of the
rock-paper-scissors game. The investigation develops standard stochastic
simulations but is motivated by a novel procedure which is explained in the
work. We add the apex predator as the fourth species in the system that
contains three species that evolve following the standard rules of migration,
reproduction and predation, and study how the system evolves in this new
environment, in comparison with the case in the absence of the apex predator.
The results show that the apex predator engenders the tendency to spread
uniformly in the lattice, contributing to destroy the spiral patterns, keeping
biodiversity but diminishing the average size of the clusters of the species
that compete cyclically.


  As nuclear wave functions have to obey the Pauli principle, potentials issued
from reaction theory or Hartree-Fock formalism using finite-range interactions
contain a non-local part. Written in coordinate space representation, the
Schrodinger equation becomes integro-differential, which is difficult to solve,
contrary to the case of local potentials, where it is an ordinary differential
equation. A simple and powerful method has been proposed several years ago,
with the trivially equivalent potential method, where non-local potential is
replaced by an equivalent local potential, which is state-dependent and has to
be determined iteratively. Its main disadvantage, however, is the appearance of
divergences in potentials if the wave functions have nodes, which is generally
the case. We will show that divergences can be removed by a slight modification
of the trivially equivalent potential method, leading to a very simple, stable
and precise numerical technique to deal with non-local potentials. Examples
will be provided with the calculation of the Hartree-Fock potential and
associated wave functions of 16O using the finite-range N3LO realistic
interaction.


  We study the competition of Coulomb interaction and hybridization effects in
the five-orbital Anderson impurity model by means of continuous time quantum
Monte Carlo, exact diagonalization, and Hartree Fock calculations. The
dependence of the electronic excitation spectra and thermodynamic ground state
properties on hybridization strength and the form of the Coulomb interaction is
systematically investigated for impurity occupation number $N \approx 6$. With
increasing hybridization strength, a Kondo resonance emerges, broadens and
merges with some of the upper and lower Hubbard peaks. Concomitantly, there is
an increase of charge fluctuations at the impurity site. In contrast to the
single orbital model, some atomic multiplet peaks and exchange split satellites
persist despite strong charge fluctuations. We find that Hund's coupling leads
to a state that may be characterized as an itinerant single atom magnet. As the
filling is increased, the magnetic moment decreases, but the spin freezing
phenomenon persists up to $N\approx 8$. When the hybridization is weak, the
positions of atomic ionization peaks are rather sensitive to shifts of the
impurity on-site energies. This allows to distinguish atomic ionization peaks
from quasiparticle peaks or satellites in the electronic excitation spectra. On
the methodological side we show that a comparison between the spectra obtained
from Monte Carlo and exact diagonalization calculations is possible if the
charge fluctuations are properly adjusted.


  We describe three models submitted for the CODI-CRAC 2022 shared task. To
perform identity anaphora resolution, we test several combinations of the
incremental clustering approach based on the Workspace Coreference System (WCS)
with other coreference models. The best result is achieved by adding the
''cluster merging'' version of the coref-hoi model, which brings up to 10.33%
improvement 1 over vanilla WCS clustering. Discourse deixis resolution is
implemented as multi-task learning: we combine the learning objective of
corefhoi with anaphor type classification. We adapt the higher-order resolution
model introduced in Joshi et al. (2019) for bridging resolution given gold
mentions and anaphors.


  We investigate a (3+1)-dimensional hydrodynamic expansion of the hot and
dense system created in head-on collisions of Pb+Pb/Au+Au at beam energies from
$5-200A$ GeV. An equation of state that incorporates a critical end point (CEP)
in line with the lattice data is used. The necessary initial conditions for the
hydrodynamic evolution are taken from a microscopic transport approach (UrQMD).
We compare the properties of the initial state and the full hydrodynamical
calculation with an isentropic expansion employing an initial state from a
simple overlap model. We find that the specific entropy ($S/A$) from both
initial conditions is very similar and only depends on the underlying equation
of state. Using the chiral (hadronic) equation of state we investigate the
expansion paths for both initial conditions. Defining a critical area around
the critical point, we show at what beam energies one can expect to have a
sizable fraction of the system close to the critical point. Finally, we
emphasise the importance of the equation of state of strongly interacting
matter, in the (experimental) search for the CEP.


  We endeavour to illustrate the physical relevance of the Landauer principle
applying it to different important issues concerning the theory of gravitation.
We shall first analyze, in the context of general relativity, the consequences
derived from the fact, implied by Landauer principle, that information has
mass. Next, we shall analyze the role played by the Landauer principle in order
to understand why different congruences of observers provide very different
physical descriptions of the same space--time. Finally, we shall apply the
Landauer principle to the problem of gravitational radiation. We shall see that
the fact that gravitational radiation is an irreversible process entailing
dissipation, is a straightforward consequence of the Landauer principle and of
the fact that gravitational radiation conveys information. An expression
measuring the part of radiated energy that corresponds to the radiated
information and an expression defining the total number of bits erased in that
process, shall be obtained, as well as an explicit expression linking the
latter to the Bondi news function.


  The autocorrelation of angle resolved photoemission data from the high
temperature superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d shows distinct peaks in momentum
space which disperse with binding energy in the superconducting state, but not
in the pseudogap phase. Although it is tempting to attribute a non-dispersive
behavior in momentum space to some ordering phenomenon, a de-construction of
the autocorrelation reveals that the non-dispersive peaks arise not from
ordering, but rather from the tips of the Fermi arcs, which themselves do not
change with binding energy.


  Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) has already been applied to learn
speaker characterizations from single or non-simultaneous speech for speaker
recognition applications. It is also known for its good performance in (blind)
source separation for simultaneous speech. This paper explains how NMF can be
used to jointly solve the two problems in a multichannel speaker recognizer for
simultaneous speech. It is shown how state-of-the-art multichannel NMF for
blind source separation can be easily extended to incorporate speaker
recognition. Experiments on the CHiME corpus show that this method outperforms
the sequential approach of first applying source separation, followed by
speaker recognition that uses state-of-the-art i-vector techniques.


  We have investigated linear and nonlinear dynamics of
ion-temperature-gradient driven drift mode for Maxwellian and non Maxwellian
pair-ion plasma embedded in an inhomogeneous magnetic field having gradients in
ion's temperature and number density. Linear dispersion relations are derived
and analyzed analytically as well as numerically for different cases. It has
been found that growth rate of instability increases with increasing eta. By
using the transport equations of Braginskii, model, a set of nonlinear
equations are derived. In the nonlinear regime, soliton structures are found to
exist. Our numerical analysis shows that amplitude of solitary waves increases
by increasing ion to electron number density ratio. These solitary structures
are also found to be sensitive to non thermal kappa and Cairns distributed
electrons. Our present work may contribute a good illustration of the
observation of nonlinear solitary waves driven by the ITG mode in magnetically
confined pair-ion plasmas and space pair-ion plasmas as the formation of
localized structures along drift modes is one of the striking reasons for L-H
transition in the region of improved confinements in magnetically confined
devices like tokamaks.


  The blowup is studied for the nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation
$iu_{t}+\Delta u+ |u|^{p-1}u=0$ with $p$ is odd and $p\ge 1+\frac 4{N-2}$ (the
energy-critical or energy-supercritical case). It is shown that the solution
with negative energy $E(u_0)<0$ blows up in finite or infinite time. A new
proof is also presented for the previous result in \cite{HoRo2}, in which a
similar result but more general in a case of energy-subcritical was shown.


  It is proved that the Fibonacci and the Frolov point sets, which are known to
be very good for numerical integration, have optimal rate of decay of
dispersion with respect to the cardinality of sets. This implies that the
Fibonacci and the Frolov point sets provide universal discretization of the
uniform norm for natural collections of subspaces of the multivariate
trigonometric polynomials. It is shown how the optimal upper bounds for
dispersion can be derived from the upper bounds for a new characteristic -- the
smooth fixed volume discrepancy. It is proved that the Fibonacci point sets
provide the universal discretization of all integral norms.


  In many works in the literature, the Kiselev spacetime is interpreted as the
"blackhole surrounded by quintessence"; an interpretation not really tenable.
For example, it has recently been pointed out that the expressions "perfect
fluid" and "quintessence" are used improperly in most of the articles that
build on that spacetime; hence it is not as relevant as many of those authors
might think. Here we point out that the original derivation of the Kiselev
spacetime involves the use of too many coordinate conditions as well, again
strongly restricting its relevance.


  We study the level spacing statistics of three spin-1 models in one
dimension, they are the Haldane chain, dual model which is obtained by Haldane
chain under the Kennedy-Tasaki transformation and the combination of the first
two models which contains a solvable self-dual point. Although the first two
models are unitary equivalent, their symmetries are different and this leads to
different level spacing statistics in these two models. Concretely, the level
spacing in the Haldane chain obeys random matrix theory statistics, while the
dual model shows non-random matrix theory statistics. This example shows that
the level spacing statistics in two unitary equivalent systems can be
different. We find that the non-random matrix theory statistics in the dual
model can be ascribed to a non-local hidden symmetry. Under perturbations that
remove the hidden symmetry, the dual model shows random matrix theory
statistics. For the last model, we observe a crossover from chaotic to
integrable around the self-dual point.


  The problem of uniformly sampling hypergraph independent sets is revisited.
We design an efficient perfect sampler for the problem under a condition
similar to that of the asymmetric Lov\'asz Local Lemma. When applied to
$d$-regular $k$-uniform hypergraphs on $n$ vertices, our sampler terminates in
expected $O(n\log n)$ time provided $d\le c\cdot 2^{k/2}/k$ for some constant
$c>0$. If in addition the hypergraph is linear, the condition can be weaken to
$d\le c\cdot 2^{k}/k^2$ for some constant $c>0$, matching the rapid mixing
condition for Glauber dynamics in Hermon, Sly and Zhang [HSZ19].


  We investigate two specific Green functions in the framework of chiral
perturbation theory. We show that, using analyticity and unitarity, their
leading logarithmic singularities can be evaluated in the chiral limit to any
desired order in the chiral expansion, with a modest calculational cost. The
claim is illustrated with an evaluation of the leading logarithm for the scalar
two-point function to five-loop order.


  Nanopores in 2D materials are highly desirable for DNA sequencing, yet
achieving single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) transport through them is challenging.
Using density functional theory calculations and molecular dynamics simulations
we show that ssDNA transport through a pore in monolayer hexagonal boron
nitride (hBN) is marked by a basic nanomechanical conflict. It arises from the
notably inhomogeneous flexural rigidity of ssDNA and causes high friction
$\textit{via}$ transient DNA desorption costs exacerbated by solvation effects.
For a similarly sized pore in bilayer hBN, its self-passivated atomically
smooth edge enables continuous ssDNA transport. Our findings shed light on the
fundamental physics of biopolymer transport through pores in 2D materials.


  Extremely large-scale antenna arrays, tremendously high frequencies, and new
types of antennas are three clear trends in multi-antenna technology for
supporting the sixth-generation (6G) networks. To properly account for the new
characteristics introduced by these three trends in communication system
design, the near-field spherical-wave propagation model needs to be used, which
differs from the classical far-field planar-wave one. As such, near-field
communication (NFC) will become essential in 6G networks. In this tutorial, we
cover three key aspects of NFC. 1) Channel Modelling: We commence by reviewing
near-field spherical-wave-based channel models for spatially-discrete (SPD)
antennas. Then, uniform spherical wave (USW) and non-uniform spherical wave
(NUSW) models are discussed. Subsequently, we introduce a general near-field
channel model for SPD antennas and a Green's function-based channel model for
continuous-aperture (CAP) antennas. 2) Beamfocusing and Antenna Architectures:
We highlight the properties of near-field beamfocusing and discuss NFC antenna
architectures for both SPD and CAP antennas. Moreover, the basic principles of
near-field beam training are introduced. 3) Performance Analysis: Finally, we
provide a comprehensive performance analysis framework for NFC. For near-field
line-of-sight channels, the received signal-to-noise ratio and power-scaling
law are derived. For statistical near-field multipath channels, a general
analytical framework is proposed, based on which analytical expressions for the
outage probability, ergodic channel capacity, and ergodic mutual information
are obtained. Finally, for each aspect, topics for future research are
discussed.


  This paper aims at providing a survey on the problems that can be easily
addressed by clonalbased cellular automata in bioinformatics. Researchers try
to address the problems in bioinformatics independent of each problem. None of
the researchers has tried to relate the major problems in bioinformatics and
find a solution using common frame work. We tried to find various problems in
bioinformatics which can be addressed easily by clonal based cellular automata.
Extensive literature survey is conducted. We have considered some papers in
various journals and conferences for conduct of our research. This paper
provides intuition towards relating various problems in bioinformatics
logically and tries to attain a common frame work with respect to clonal based
cellular automata classifier for addressing the same.


  The CompHEP package was developed for calculations of decay and high energy
collision processes with, correspondingly, up to 5 and 4 final particles in the
lowest order (tree) approximation. The main idea put into CompHEP was to make
available passing from the Lagrangian to final distributions efficiently with
high level automation what is extremely needed in collider physics.
  The present talk describes a general structure of the CompHEP facilities and
reports some physical results obtained with its help. The main purpose of the
talk is to attract the attention of high energy physicists to this
user-friendly package which is completely aimed at making easier their routine
and tedious calculations in the TeV region.


  A set of arithmetical sequences $$ a_1\, (\bmod{ \,\, m_1}) \quad, \quad a_2
\, (\bmod{\,\, m_2}) \quad, \quad \dots \quad , \quad a_k \, (\bmod{\,\,m_k})
\quad \quad , $$ with $$ m_1 \leq m_2 \leq \dots \leq m_k \quad \quad , $$ is
called a {\it disjoint covering system} (alias {\it exact covering system}) if
every positive integer belongs to {\bf exactly} one of the sequences. Mirski,
Newman, Davenport and Rado famously proved that the moduli can't all be
distinct. In fact the two largest moduli must be equal, i.e. $m_{k-1}=m_k$ This
raises the natural question:"How close can you get to getting distinct
moduli?", in other words, can you find all such systems where all the moduli
are distinct except the largest, that is repeated $r$ times, for any, specific
given $r$?
  It turns out (conjecturally, but almost certainly) that excluding the trivial
case where the smallest modulus is 2, for any number of repeats $r$, there are
only finitely many such systems. Marc Berger, Alexander Felzenbaum and Aviezri
Fraenkel found them all for $r$ up to $9$, and Mekmamu Zeleke and Jamie Simpson
extended the list for systems up to $12$ repeats. In the present article we
continue the list up to $r=32$. All our systems are correct, but we did not
bother to formally prove completeness, but we know for sure that the lists are
complete if the largest modulus is $\leq 600$, and we are pretty sure that they
are complete.


  Orbitally excited L=1 charm mesons are studied by QCD sum rules in the
framework of heavy quark effective theory. The meson masses and the strong
decay widths are obtained. This talk is based on our works of refs. 1 and 2
collaborated with Y.B. Dai, C.S. Huang, M.Q. Huang and H.Y. Jin.


  We study the geometry of elliptic fibrations satisfying the conditions of
Step 8 of Tate's algorithm. We call such geometries F$_4$-models, as the dual
graph of their special fiber is the twisted affine Dynkin diagram
$\widetilde{\text{F}}_4^t$. These geometries are used in string theory to model
gauge theories with the exceptional Lie group F$_4$ on a smooth divisor $S$ of
the base. Starting with a singular Weierstrass model of an F$_4$-model, we
present a crepant resolution of its singularities. We study the fiber structure
of this smooth elliptic fibration and identify the fibral divisors up to
isomorphism as schemes over $S$. These are $\mathbb{P}^1$-bundles over $S$ or
double covers of $\mathbb{P}^1$-bundles over $S$. We compute basic topological
invariants such as the double and triple intersection numbers of the fibral
divisors and the Euler characteristic of the F$_4$-model.
  In the case of Calabi-Yau threefolds, we compute the linear form induced by
the second Chern class and the Hodge numbers. We also explore the meaning of
these geometries for the physics of gauge theories in five and six-dimensional
minimal supergravity theories with eight supercharges.
  We also introduce the notion of "frozen representations" and explore the role
of the Stein factorization in the study of fibral divisors of elliptic
fibrations.


  Internet of Things (IoT) devices have become ubiquitous and are spread across
many application domains including the industry, transportation, healthcare,
and households. However, the proliferation of the IoT devices has raised the
concerns about their security, especially when observing that many
manufacturers focus only on the core functionality of their products due to
short time to market and low-cost pressures, while neglecting security aspects.
Moreover, it does not exist any established or standardized method for
measuring and ensuring the security of IoT devices. Consequently,
vulnerabilities are left untreated, allowing attackers to exploit IoT devices
for various purposes, such as compromising privacy, recruiting devices into a
botnet, or misusing devices to perform cryptocurrency mining.
  In this paper, we present a practical Host-based Anomaly DEtection System for
IoT (HADES-IoT) that represents the last line of defense. HADES-IoT has
proactive detection capabilities, provides tamper-proof resistance, and it can
be deployed on a wide range of Linux-based IoT devices. The main advantage of
HADES-IoT is its low performance overhead, which makes it suitable for the IoT
domain, where state-of-the-art approaches cannot be applied due to their
high-performance demands. We deployed HADES-IoT on seven IoT devices to
evaluate its effectiveness and performance overhead. Our experiments show that
HADES-IoT achieved 100% effectiveness in the detection of current IoT malware
such as VPNFilter and IoTReaper; while on average, requiring only 5.5% of
available memory and causing only a low CPU load.


  Our new survey for Wolf-Rayet stars in the Magellanic Clouds is only 15%
complete but has already found 9 new WRs in the LMC. This suggests that the
total WR population in the LMC may be underestimated by 10-40%. Eight of the
nine are WNs, demonstrating that the "observed" WC to WN ratio is too large,
and is biased towards WC stars. The ninth is another rare WO star, the second
we have found in the LMC in the past two years. Five (and possibly six) of the
8 WNs are of a new class of WRs, which pose a significant challenge to our
understanding. Naively we would classify these stars as "WN3+O3V," but there
are several reasons why such a pairing is unlikely, not the least of which is
that the absolute visual magnitudes of these stars are faint, with M_V~ -2.3 to
-3.1. We have performed a preliminary analysis with CMFGEN, and we find that
(despite the faint visual magnitudes) the bolometric luminosities of these
stars are normal for early-type WNs. Our fitting suggests that these stars are
evolved, with significantly enriched N and He. Their effective temperatures are
also normal for early-type WNs. What is unusual about these stars is that they
have a surprisingly small mass-loss rate compared to other early-type WNs. How
these stars got to be the way they are (single star evolution? binary
evolution?) remains an open question. For now, we are designating this class as
WN3/O3, in analogy to the late-type WN "slash" stars.


  Problem gambling is a major public health concern and is associated with
profound psychological distress and economic problems. There are numerous
gambling communities on the internet where users exchange information about
games, gambling tactics, as well as gambling-related problems. Individuals
exhibiting higher levels of problem gambling engage more in such communities.
Online gambling communities may provide insights into problem-gambling
behaviour. Using data scraped from a major German gambling discussion board, we
fine-tuned a large language model, specifically a Bidirectional Encoder
Representations from Transformers (BERT) model, to predict signs of
problem-gambling from forum posts. Training data were generated by manual
annotation and by taking into account diagnostic criteria and gambling-related
cognitive distortions. Using k-fold cross-validation, our models achieved a
precision of 0.95 and F1 score of 0.71, demonstrating that satisfactory
classification performance can be achieved by generating high-quality training
material through manual annotation based on diagnostic criteria. The current
study confirms that a BERT-based model can be reliably used on small data sets
and to detect signatures of problem gambling in online communication data. Such
computational approaches may have potential for the detection of changes in
problem-gambling prevalence among online users.


  A manifestly diffeomorphism invariant extension of Einstein gravity is
constructed, which includes singular metrics, and whose ADM formulation is
Ashtekar's gravity. The latter is shown to be locally equivalent to the
covariant theory. It turns out that exactly those kinds of degenerate four
dimensional metrics are allowed which do not destroy the causal structure of
spacetime. It is also shown that Ashtekar's gravity possesses an extension that
provides a local SO(3,C) invariance, without complexifying or changing the
signature of the metric.


  In this work we examine and extend the proposal of reference
\cite{Rosabal:2018hkx}, concerning the new interpretation on the Unruh effect.
The vacuum processes in Minkowski and Rindler space are described in detail, in
connection with the observers perspective. We highlight the presence of
antiparticles in the radiation, which is perhaps the main observation in the
cited reference. We present a new derivation of the vacuum energy in Rindler
space using the Schr\"odinger kernel. The quest for the Unruh radiation could
be expanded by considering the possibility of detecting the antiparticles in
it. A proposal for the experimental confirmation of the antiparticles in the
radiation is presented.


  Texture mapping as a fundamental task in 3D modeling has been well
established for well-acquired aerial assets under consistent illumination, yet
it remains a challenge when it is scaled to large datasets with images under
varying views and illuminations. A well-performed texture mapping algorithm
must be able to efficiently select views, fuse and map textures from these
views to mesh models, at the same time, achieve consistent radiometry over the
entire model. Existing approaches achieve efficiency either by limiting the
number of images to one view per face, or simplifying global inferences to only
achieve local color consistency. In this paper, we break this tie by proposing
a novel and efficient texture mapping framework that allows the use of multiple
views of texture per face, at the same time to achieve global color
consistency. The proposed method leverages a loopy belief propagation algorithm
to perform an efficient and global-level probabilistic inferences to rank
candidate views per face, which enables face-level multi-view texture fusion
and blending. The texture fusion algorithm, being non-parametric, brings
another advantage over typical parametric post color correction methods, due to
its improved robustness to non-linear illumination differences. The experiments
on three different types of datasets (i.e. satellite dataset, unmanned-aerial
vehicle dataset and close-range dataset) show that the proposed method has
produced visually pleasant and texturally consistent results in all scenarios,
with an added advantage of consuming less running time as compared to the state
of the art methods, especially for large-scale dataset such as
satellite-derived models.


  Magnetic properties of the two-dimensional spin-polarized Fermi gas with
dipole-dipole interaction are studied in the presence of external magnetic
field at zero temperature. Within perturbation theory and the second
quantization formalism, the total energy is explicitly obtained as a function
of three dimensionless parameters, the spin polarization, dipolar coupling and
Zeeman parameters. We examine the effects of these agents on the magnetic
properties of 2D Fermi gas. The results show that an induced ferromagnetic
phase transition is observed only for adequately large values of magnetic
field. This paper offers two controllable factors to change the spin
polarization of the system.


  Moller's tetrad gravitational energy-momentum "tensor" is evaluated for a
small vacuum region using an orthonormal frame adapted to Riemann normal
coordinates. We find that it does satisfy the highly desired property of being
a positive multiple of the Bel-Robinson tensor.


  Given a graph $L$, the Tur\'an number $\textrm{ex}(n,L)$ is the maximum
possible number of edges in an $n$-vertex $L$-free graph. The study of Tur\'an
number of graphs is a central topic in extremal graph theory. Although the
celebrated Erd\H{o}s-Stone-Simonovits theorem gives the asymptotic value of
$\textrm{ex}(n,L)$ for nonbipartite $L$, it is challenging in general to
determine the exact value of $\textrm{ex}(n,L)$ for $\chi(L) \geq 3$. The
odd-ballooning of $H$ is a graph such that each edge of $H$ is replaced by an
odd cycle and all new vertices of odd cycles are distinct. Here the length of
odd cycles is not necessarily equal. The exact value of Tur\'an number of the
odd-ballooning of $H$ is previously known for $H$ being a cycle, a path, a tree
with assumptions, and $K_{2,3}$. In this paper, we manage to obtain the exact
value of Tur\'an number of the odd-ballooning of $K_{s,t}$ with $2\leq s \leq
t$, where $(s,t) \not \in \{(2,2),(2,3)\} $ and each odd cycle has length at
least five.


  Real-world data deviating from the independent and identically distributed
(i.i.d.) assumption of in-distribution training data poses security threats to
deep networks, thus advancing out-of-distribution (OOD) detection algorithms.
Detection methods in generative language models (GLMs) mainly focus on
uncertainty estimation and embedding distance measurement, with the latter
proven to be most effective in traditional linguistic tasks like summarization
and translation. However, another complex generative scenario mathematical
reasoning poses significant challenges to embedding-based methods due to its
high-density feature of output spaces, but this feature causes larger
discrepancies in the embedding shift trajectory between different samples in
latent spaces. Hence, we propose a trajectory-based method TV score, which uses
trajectory volatility for OOD detection in mathematical reasoning. Experiments
show that our method outperforms all traditional algorithms on GLMs under
mathematical reasoning scenarios and can be extended to more applications with
high-density features in output spaces, such as multiple-choice questions.


  Machine reading comprehension(MRC) has attracted significant amounts of
research attention recently, due to an increase of challenging reading
comprehension datasets. In this paper, we aim to improve a MRC model's ability
to determine whether a question has an answer in a given context (e.g. the
recently proposed SQuAD 2.0 task). Our solution is a relation module that is
adaptable to any MRC model. The relation module consists of both semantic
extraction and relational information. We first extract high level semantics as
objects from both question and context with multi-head self-attentive pooling.
These semantic objects are then passed to a relation network, which generates
relationship scores for each object pair in a sentence. These scores are used
to determine whether a question is non-answerable. We test the relation module
on the SQuAD 2.0 dataset using both BiDAF and BERT models as baseline readers.
We obtain 1.8% gain of F1 on top of the BiDAF reader, and 1.0% on top of the
BERT base model. These results show the effectiveness of our relation module on
MRC


  To replicate the success of text-to-image (T2I) generation, recent works
employ large-scale video datasets to train a text-to-video (T2V) generator.
Despite their promising results, such paradigm is computationally expensive. In
this work, we propose a new T2V generation setting$\unicode{x2014}$One-Shot
Video Tuning, where only one text-video pair is presented. Our model is built
on state-of-the-art T2I diffusion models pre-trained on massive image data. We
make two key observations: 1) T2I models can generate still images that
represent verb terms; 2) extending T2I models to generate multiple images
concurrently exhibits surprisingly good content consistency. To further learn
continuous motion, we introduce Tune-A-Video, which involves a tailored
spatio-temporal attention mechanism and an efficient one-shot tuning strategy.
At inference, we employ DDIM inversion to provide structure guidance for
sampling. Extensive qualitative and numerical experiments demonstrate the
remarkable ability of our method across various applications.


  Diffeomorphism freedom induces a gauge dependence in the theory of spacetime
perturbations. We derive a compact formula for gauge transformations of
perturbations of arbitrary order. To this end, we develop the theory of Taylor
expansions for one-parameter families (not necessarily groups) of
diffeomorphisms. First, we introduce the notion of knight diffeomorphism, that
generalises the usual concept of flow, and prove a Taylor's formula for the
action of a knight on a general tensor field. Then, we show that any
one-parameter family of diffeomorphisms can be approximated by a family of
suitable knights. Since in perturbation theory the gauge freedom is given by a
one-parameter family of diffeomorphisms, the expansion of knights is used to
derive our transformation formula. The problem of gauge dependence is a purely
kinematical one, therefore our treatment is valid not only in general
relativity, but in any spacetime theory.


  We investigate subdominant order parameters stabilizing at low temperatures
in nano-scale high-T$_c$ cuprate islands, motivated by the recent observation
of a fully gapped state in nanosized YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-\delta}$ [D. Gustafsson
{\it et al}, Nature Nanotech. {\bf 8}, 25 (2013)]. Using complementary
quasi-classical and tight-binding Bogoliubov-de Gennes methods, we show on
distinctly different properties dependent on the symmetry being $d_{x^2-y^2}+i
s$ or $d_{x^2-y^2}+i d_{xy}$. We find that a surface-induced $d_{x^2-y^2}+i s$
phase creates a global spectroscopic gap which increases with applied magnetic
field, consistent with experimental observation.


  The spectra of brown dwarfs are key to exploring the chemistry and physics
that take place in their atmospheres. Late-T dwarf spectra are particularly
diagnostic due to their relatively cloud-free atmospheres and deep molecular
bands. With the use of powerful atmospheric retrieval tools applied to the
spectra of these objects, direct constraints on molecular/atomic abundances,
gravity, and vertical thermal profiles can be obtained enabling a broad
exploration of the chemical/physical mechanisms operating in their atmospheres.
We present a uniform retrieval analysis on low-resolution IRTF SpeX near-IR
spectra of a sample of 50 T dwarfs, including new observations as part of a
recent volume-limited survey. This analysis more than quadruples the sample of
T dwarfs with retrieved temperature profiles and abundances (H$_2$O, CH$_4$,
NH$_3$, K and subsequent C/O and metallicities). We are generally able to
constrain effective temperatures to within 50K, volume mixing ratios for major
species to within 0.25dex, atmospheric metallicities [M/H] to within 0.2, and
C/O ratios to within 0.2. We compare our retrieved constraints on the thermal
structure, chemistry, and gravities of these objects with predictions from
self-consistent radiative-convective equilibrium models and find, in general
though with substantial scatter, consistency with solar composition chemistry
and thermal profiles of the neighboring stellar FGK population. Objects with
notable discrepancies between the two modeling techniques and potential
mechanisms for their differences, be they related to modeling approach or
physically motivated, are discussed more thoroughly in the text.


  We explore a mechanism of radiative B-L symmetry breaking in analogous to the
radiative electroweak symmetry breaking. The breaking scale of B-L symmetry is
related to the neutrino masses through the see-saw mechanism. Once we
incorporate the U(1)(B-L) gauge symmetry in SUSY models, the U(1)(B-L) gaugino
appears, and it can mediate the SUSY breaking (Z-prime mediated SUSY breaking)
at around the scale of 10^6 GeV. Then we find a links between the neutrino mass
(more precisly the see-saw or B-L scale of order 10^6 GeV) and the Z-prime
mediated SUSY breaking scale. It is also very interesting that the gluino at
the weak scale becomes relatively light, and almost compressed mass spectra for
the gaugino sector can be realized in this scenario, which is very interesting
in scope of the LHC.


  We consider the BEC-Skyrme model which is based on a Skyrme-type model with a
potential motivated by Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) and, in particular, we
study the Skyrmions in proximity of a domain wall that inhabits the theory. The
theory turns out to have a rich flora of Skyrmion solutions that manifest
themselves as twisted vortex rings or vortons in the bulk and vortex handles
attached to the domain wall. The latter are linked open vortex strings. We
further study the interaction between the domain wall and the Skyrmion and
between the vortex handles themselves as well as between the vortex handle and
the vortex ring in the bulk. We find that the domain wall provides a large
binding energy for the solitons and it is energetically preferred to stay as
close to the domain wall as possible; other configurations sticking into the
bulk are metastable. We find that the most stable 2-Skyrmion is a torus-shaped
braided string junction ending on the domain wall, which is produced by a
collision of two vortex handles on the wall, but there is also a metastable
configuration which is a doubly twisted vortex handle produced by a collision
of a vortex handle on the wall and a vortex ring from the bulk.


  This article is derived from the development of educational activities in
astronomy, with a view to encouraging the training of future researchers. The
goal is to present how the participation of students from EEEM Dr.Silva Mello
took place in the Mostra de Astronomia do ES (MAES), and how that promoted
their involvement and participation in the three types of education, formal,
informal and non-formal, highlighting the articulation between them. In order
to train citizens with interests for development of scientific research on
astronomical themes, developing a taste for the search for knowledge and to
motivate this action, we form groups to present works at MAES, used as a
non-formal education space . The event included the presentation of works,
lectures and prizes. As a result, one of the works presented by the students
was awarded. Informal education has gained special relevance, when students
discussed science, bringing it to their daily lives


  We describe how the result in [1] extends to prove the existence of a Serre
type spectral sequence converging to the symplectic homology SH_*(M) of an
exact Sub-Liouville domain M in a cotangent bundle T*N. We will define a notion
of a fiber-wise symplectic homology SH_*(M,q) for each point q in N, which will
define a graded local coefficient system on N. The spectral sequence will then
have page two isomorphic to the homology of N with coefficients in this graded
local system.


  The Mid-Pleistocene Transition, the shift from 41 kyr to 100 kyr
glacial-interglacial cycles that occurred roughly 1 Myr ago, is often
considered as a change in internal climate dynamics. Here we revisit the model
of Quaternary climate dynamics that was proposed by Saltzman and Maasch (1988).
We show that it is quantitatively similar to a scalar equation for the ice
dynamics only when combining the remaining components into a single delayed
feedback term. The delay is the sum of the internal times scales of ocean
transport and ice sheet dynamics, which is on the order of 10 kyr. We find
that, in the absence of astronomical forcing, the delayed feedback leads to
bistable behaviour, where stable large-amplitude oscillations of ice volume and
an equilibrium coexist over a large range of values for the delay. We then
apply astronomical forcing. We perform a systematic study to show how the
system response depends on the forcing amplitude. We find that over a wide
range of forcing amplitudes the forcing leads to a switch from small-scale
oscillations of 41 kyr to large-amplitude oscillations of roughly 100 kyr
without any change of other parameters. The transition in the forced model
consistently occurs near the time of the Mid-Pleistocene Transition as observed
in data records. This provides evidence that the MPT could have been primarily
a forcing-induced switch between attractors of the internal dynamics. Small
additional random disturbances make the forcing-induced transition near 800 kyr
BP even more robust. We also find that the forced system forgets its initial
history during the small-scale oscillations, in particular, nearby initial
conditions converge prior to transitioning. In contrast to this, in the regime
of large-amplitude oscillations, the oscillation phase is very sensitive to
random perturbations, which has a strong effect on the timing of the
deglaciation events.


  The production of $K^{0}_{S}$ mesons in inelastic $\textit{p+p}$ collisions
at beam momentum 158 GeV/c ($\sqrt{s_{NN}}=17.3$ GeV) was measured with the
NA61/SHINE spectrometer at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron.
Double-differential distributions were obtained in transverse momentum and
rapidity. The mean multiplicity of $K^{0}_{S}$ was determined to be $0.162 \pm
0.001 (stat.) \pm 0.011 (sys.)$. The results on $K^{0}_{S}$ production are
compared with model predictions (EPOS 1.99, SMASH 2.0, PHSD and UrQMD 3.4
models) as well as with published world data.


  Given a projective structure on a three-dimensional manifold, we find
explicit obstructions to the local existence of a Levi-Civita connection in the
projective class. These obstructions are given by projectively invariant
tensors algebraically constructed from the projective Weyl curvature. We show,
by examples, that their vanishing is necessary but not sufficient for local
metrisability.


  The versatility of exponential families, along with their attendant convexity
properties, make them a popular and effective statistical model. A central
issue is learning these models in high-dimensions, such as when there is some
sparsity pattern of the optimal parameter. This work characterizes a certain
strong convexity property of general exponential families, which allow their
generalization ability to be quantified. In particular, we show how this
property can be used to analyze generic exponential families under L_1
regularization.


  This research sheds light on the present and future landscape of Engineering
Entrepreneurship Education (EEE) by exploring varied approaches and models
adopted in Australian universities, evaluating program effectiveness, and
offering recommendations for curriculum enhancement. While EEE programs have
been in existence for over two decades, their efficacy remains underexplored.
Using a multi-method approach encompassing self-reflection, scoping review,
surveys, and interviews, this study addresses key research questions regarding
the state, challenges, trends, and effectiveness of EEE. Findings reveal
challenges like resource limitations and propose solutions such as experiential
learning and industry partnerships. These insights underscore the importance of
tailored EEE and inform teaching strategies and curriculum development,
benefiting educators and policymakers worldwide.


  Advances in wireless sensor network (WSN) technology have provided the
availability of small and low-cost sensor with capability of sensing various
types of physical and environmental conditions, data processing, and wireless
communication. In WSN, the sensor nodes have a limited transmission range, and
their processing and storage capabilities as well as their energy resources are
also limited. Modified triple umpiring system (MTUS) has already proved its
better performance in Wireless Sensor Networks. In this paper, we extended the
MTUS by incorporating optimal signal to noise ratio (SNR)-based power control
mechanism and optimal handoff-based self-recovery features to form an efficient
and secure routing for WSN. Extensive investigation studies using Glomosim-2.03
Simulator show that efficient and secure routing protocol (ESRP) with optimal
power control mechanism, and handoff-based self-recovery can significantly
reduce the power usage.


  This work presents an optimization framework to aggregate the power and
energy flexibilities in an interconnected power distribution systems. The
aggregation framework is used to compute the day-ahead dispatch plans of
multiple and interconnected distribution grids operating at different voltage
levels. Specifically, the proposed framework optimizes the dispatch plan of an
upstream medium voltage (MV) grid accounting for the flexibility offered by
downstream low voltage (LV) grids and the knowledge of the uncertainties of the
stochastic resources. The framework considers grid, i.e., operational limits on
the nodal voltages, lines, and transformer capacity using a linearized grid
model, and controllable resources' constraints. The dispatching problem is
formulated as a stochastic-optimization scheme considering uncertainty on
stochastic power generation and demands and the voltage imposed by the upstream
grid. The problem is solved by a distributed optimization method relying on the
Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) that splits the main problem
into an aggregator problem (solved at the MV-grid level) and several local
problems (solved at the MV-connected-controllable-resources and LV-grid
levels). The use of distributed optimization enables a decentralized dispatch
computation where the centralized aggregator is agnostic about the
parameters/models of the participating resources and downstream grids. The
framework is validated for interconnected CIGRE medium- and low-voltage
networks hosting heterogeneous stochastic and controllable resources.


  For a bounded domain $U\subset\rn$, consider the
  $L^\fz$-functional involving a nonnegative Hamilton function $H:\overline
U\times\rn\to [0,\fz)$. In this paper, we will establish the uniqueness of
absolute minimizers $u\in W^{1,\fz}_\loc(U)\cap C(\overline U)$ for $H$, under
the Dirichlet boundary value $g\in C(\partial U)$, provided
  \noindent (A1) $H$ is lower semicontinuous in $\overline U\times\rn$, and
$H(x,\cdot)$ is convex for any $x\in\overline U$.
  \noindent (A2) $\displaystyle H(x,0)=\min_{p\in \rn}H(x,p)=0$ for any $ x\in
\overline U$, and $\displaystyle\bigcup_{x\in \overline U}\big\{p:
H(x,p)=0\big\}$ is contained in a hyperplane of $\rn$.
  \noindent (A3) For any $\lz>0$, there exist $\displaystyle 0<r_\lz\le
R_\lz<\fz$, with $\displaystyle\lim_{\lz\to\fz}r_\lz=\fz$,such that
$$B(0,r_\lz)\subset \Big\{p\in\rn\ |\ H(x,p)< \lz\Big\}\subset B(0,R_\lz)\
\forall\ \lz> 0\ \mbox{and}\ x\in \overline U.$$ This generalizes the
uniqueness theorem by \cite{j93, jwy, acjs} and \cite{ksz} to a large class of
Hamiltonian functions $H(x,p)$ with $x$-dependence. As a corollary, we confirm
an open question on the uniqueness of absolute minimizers posed by
{\cite{jwy}}. The proofs rely on geometric structure of the action function
$\mathcal L_t(x,y)$ induced by $H$, and the identification of the absolute
subminimality of $u$ with convexity of the Hamilton-Jacobi flow $t\mapsto
T^tu(x)$


  Statistical systems displaying a strongly anisotropic or dynamical scaling
behaviour are characterized by an anisotropy exponent theta or a dynamical
exponent z. For a given value of theta, we construct local scale
transformations which can be viewed as scale transformations with a
space-time-dependent dilatation factor. Two distinct types of local scale
transformations are found. The first type may describe strongly anisotropic
scaling of static systems with a given value of theta, whereas the second type
may describe dynamical scaling with a dynamical exponent z. Local scale
transformations act as a dynamical symmetry group of certain non-local
free-field theories. Known special cases of local scale invariance are
conformal invariance for theta=1 and Schrodinger invariance for theta=2. The
hypothesis of local scale invariance implies that two-point functions of
quasiprimary operators satisfy certain linear fractional differential
equations, which are constructed from commuting fractional derivatives. The
explicit solution of these yields exact expressions for two-point correlators
at equilibrium and for two-point response functions out of equilibrium.
Aparticularly simple and general form is found for the two-time autoresponse
function. These predictions are explicitly confirmed at the uniaxial Lifshitz
points in the ANNNI and ANNNS models and in the aging behaviour of simple
ferromagnets such as the kinetic Glauber-Ising model and the kinetic spherical
model with a non-conserved order parameter undergoing either phase-ordering
kinetics or non-equilibrium critical dynamics.


  The multiplicity fluctuations are sensitive to QCD phase transition and to
the presence of critical point in QCD phase diagram. At critical point a system
undergoing phase transition is characterized by large fluctuations in the
observables which is an important tool to understand the dynamics of particle
production in heavy-ion interactions and phase changes. Multiplicity
fluctuations of produced particles is an important observable to characterize
the evolving system. Using scaling exponent obtained from the normalized
factorial moments of the number of charged hadrons in the two dimensional
($\eta,\phi$) phase space, one can learn about the dynamics of system created
in these collisions. Events generated using Xe-Xe collisions at
$\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}} = 5.44 $ TeV with string-melting (SM) version of the AMPT
model are analyzed and the scaling exponent $(\nu)$ for various $p_T$ intervals
is determined. It is observed that the calculated value of $\nu$ is larger than
the universal value 1.304, as is obtained from Ginzburg-Landau theory for
second order phase transition. Here we will also present the results of the
dependence of the scaling exponent on the transverse momentum bin width.


  We give an upper bound in O(d ^((n+1)/2)) for the number of critical points
of a normal random polynomial with degree d and at most n variables. Using the
large deviation principle for the spectral value of large random matrices we
obtain the bound
  O(exp(-beta n^2 + (n/2) log (d-1))) (beta is a positive constant independent
on n and d) for the number of minima of such a polynomial. This proves that
most normal random polynomials of fixed degree have only saddle points.
Finally, we give a closed form expression for the number of maxima (resp.
minima) of a random univariate polynomial, in terms of hypergeometric
functions.


  A Mumford curve of genus g (>1) over a non-archimedean valued field k of
positive characteristic has at most max{12(g-1), 2 g^(1/2) (g^(1/2)+1)^2}
automorphisms. This bound is sharp in the sense that there exist Mumford curves
of arbitrary high genus that attain it (they are fibre products of suitable
Artin-Schreier curves). The proof provides (via its action on the Bruhat-Tits
tree) a classification of discontinuous subgroups of PGL(2,k) that are
normalizers of Schottky groups of Mumford curves with more than 12(g-1)
automorphisms. As an application, it is shown that all automorphisms of the
moduli space of rank-2 Drinfeld modules with principal level structure preserve
the cusps.


  A new numerical approximation method for a class of Gaussian random fields on
compact connected oriented Riemannian manifolds is introduced. This class of
random fields is characterized by the Laplace--Beltrami operator on the
manifold. A Galerkin approximation is combined with a polynomial approximation
using Chebyshev series. This so-called Galerkin--Chebyshev approximation scheme
yields efficient and generic sampling algorithms for Gaussian random fields on
manifolds. Strong and weak orders of convergence for the Galerkin approximation
and strong convergence orders for the Galerkin--Chebyshev approximation are
shown and confirmed through numerical experiments.


  There are various costs for attackers to manipulate the features of security
classifiers. The costs are asymmetric across features and to the directions of
changes, which cannot be precisely captured by existing cost models based on
$L_p$-norm robustness. In this paper, we utilize such domain knowledge to
increase the attack cost of evading classifiers, specifically, tree ensemble
models that are widely used by security tasks. We propose a new cost modeling
method to capture the feature manipulation cost as constraint, and then we
integrate the cost-driven constraint into the node construction process to
train robust tree ensembles. During the training process, we use the constraint
to find data points that are likely to be perturbed given the feature
manipulation cost, and we use a new robust training algorithm to optimize the
quality of the trees. Our cost-aware training method can be applied to
different types of tree ensembles, including gradient boosted decision trees
and random forest models. Using Twitter spam detection as the case study, our
evaluation results show that we can increase the attack cost by 10.6X compared
to the baseline. Moreover, our robust training method using cost-driven
constraint can achieve higher accuracy, lower false positive rate, and stronger
cost-aware robustness than the state-of-the-art training method using
$L_\infty$-norm cost model. Our code is available at
https://github.com/surrealyz/growtrees.


  We present nonlocal integrable reductions of the Fordy-Kulish system of
nonlinear Schrodinger equations and the Fordy system of derivative nonlinear
Schrodinger equations on Hermitian symmetric spaces. Examples are given on the
symmetric space $\frac{SU(4)}{SU(2) \times SU(2)}$.


  We establish some relations between the spectra of simple and
non-backtracking random walks on non-regular graphs, generalizing some
well-known facts for regular graphs. Our two main results are 1) a quantitative
relation between the mixing rates of the simple random walk and of the
non-backtracking random walk 2) a variant of the "Ihara determinant formula"
which expresses the characteristic polynomial of the adjacency matrix, or of
the laplacian, as the determinant of a certain non-backtracking random walk
with holomorphic weights.


  Stochastic and conditional simulation methods have been effective towards
producing realistic realizations and simulations of spatial numerical models
that share equal probability of occurrence. Application of these methods are
valuable throughout the domain of earth science for their ability to simulate
sampled study data. Such stochastic methods have also been adopted into other
fields outside of geostatistics domains, especially within the computing and
data science community. Classical techniques for stochastic simulation have
primarily consisted of stationary methods due to their brisk simulation speed
and mathematical simplicity. However, advances in modern computing now allow
for the implementation of more advanced non-stationary simulation methods,
consisting of multiple varying structures, and allowing for much more accurate
and realistic simulations. As some of these calculations may still be slow, the
application of machine learning techniques, namely the Generative Adversarial
Network (GAN) can be used to surpass previous simulation generation speeds and
allows for greater parameterization. This work presents three stochastic
simulation methods: stochastic simulation using non-stationary covariance,
multipoint simulation, and conditional GANs. An SPDE method was used as a
benchmark comparison. Experiments using synthetic data are used to showcase the
effectiveness of each of these methods at maintaining non-stationary structures
and conditioned data. A case study implementing non-stationary covariances is
also presented on real geochemical samples coming from La Ceinture de roches
vertes de la Haute-Eastmain, located in the Superior Province.


  In the present work, we theoretically demonstrate that near field radiative
transport between one dimensional periodic grating microstructures separated by
nanometer vacuum gaps can be spectrally enhanced by exciting magnetic
polariton. Fluctuational electrodynamics that incorporates scattering matrix
theory with rigorous coupled wave analysis is employed to exactly calculate the
near field radiative flux between two gold gratings. Besides the well known
coupled surface plasmon polaritons, the radiative flux can be also spectrally
enhanced due to magnetic polariton, which is excited in the gap between gold
ridges. The mechanisms of magnetic polariton in the near field radiative
transport are elucidated in detail, while the unusual enhancement cannot be
predicted by either the Derjaguin or effective medium approximations. The
effects of vacuum gap distance and grating geometry parameters between the two
gratings are investigated. The findings will open up a new way to control near
field radiative transfer by magnetic polariton with micro or nanostructured
metamaterials.


  We analyze time-dependent transport through a quantum dot with
electron-electron interaction that is statically tunable to both repulsive and
attractive regimes, or even dynamically driven. Motivated by the recent
experimental realization [Hamo et. al, Nature 535, 395 (2016)] of such a system
in a static double quantum dot we compute the geometric pumping of charge in
the limit of weak tunneling, high temperature and slow driving. We analyze the
pumping responses for all pairs of driving parameters (gate voltage, bias
voltage, tunnel coupling, electron-electron interaction). We show that the
responses are analytically related when these different driving protocols are
governed by the same pumping mechanism, which is characterized by effective
driving parameters that differ from the experimental ones. For static
attractive interaction we find a characteristic pumping resonance despite the
'attractive Coulomb blockade' that hinders stationary transport. Moreover, we
identify a pumping mechanism that is unique to driving of the interaction.
Finally, although a single-dot model with orbital pseudo-spin describes most of
the physics of the mentioned experimental setup, it is crucial to account for
the additional (real-) spin degeneracies of the double dot and the associated
electron-hole symmetry breaking. This is necessary because the pumping response
is more sensitive than DC transport measurements and detects this difference
through pronounced qualitative effects.


  The carbon star V Hydrae (V Hya) provides new insight into the nature of the
launching mechanism of jet-like outflows that are believed to be the cause of
the poorly understood transition phase of AGB stars into aspherical planetary
nebulae. V Hya has been shown to periodically eject collimated gas blobs at
high velocities ("bullets"). By analyzing data from HST/STIS 2-D spectra,
obtained at six epochs spaced over a decade that show 4 successively ejected
bullets with a spacing of ~8.5 years, we have created kinematic models of the
dynamical evolution of a specific bullet (#1) for the first three observed
epochs (2002, 2003, 2004) using a 3D spatio-kinematic code, SHAPE. Using these
models, we fit the observed morphology, line-of-sight velocity, proper motion
and intensity for the extended, gaseous bullet as a function of time over a
period of 2 years, in order to constrain its 3D movement and the evolution of
its physical properties over this period. Our results suggest that although
bullet #1's motion is predominantly ballistic, there are small but significant
changes in the position angle and inclination angle of the long (symmetry) axis
of the bullet that tilt it progressively towards the symmetry axis of the
bipolar molecular nebula around V Hya. In contrast, bullet #3 shows strong
acceleration soon after ejection. We discuss the possibilities that bullet
acceleration is caused by either a non-radial magnetic field and/or by
hydrodynamic interaction with the ambient gas through which the bullet is
traveling.


  The bulk of the star-formation rate density peak at cosmic noon was obscured
by dust. How accurately we can assess the role of dust obscured star-formation
is affected by inherent biases in our empirical methods -- both those that rely
on direct dust emission and those that rely on the inferred dust attenuation of
starlight. We use a library of hydrodynamic simulations with radiative transfer
to explore these biases. We find that for IR luminous galaxies that are in
rapidly quenching systems (e.g. post-coalescence) standard luminosity-to-SFR
relations can strongly overestimate the true SFRs. We propose using the
$L_{IR}/L_{1.6}$ color to both help identify such systems and provide more
accurate SFRs. Conversely, we find that the diagnostic UVJ plot misidentifies a
subset of dusty star-forming galaxies. This is due to variability in the
effective attenuation curves including being much grayer in the
optical-to-near-IR regime than the Calzetti starburst law. This is in agreement
with recent observations of IR-selected galaxies at cosmic noon. Our results
support the view that we need a panchromatic approach from the rest-frame UV
through the IR and SED modeling that includes realistic SFHs and allows for
variable attenuation curves if we want to fully account for dust obscured
star-formation across the epochs of greatest galaxy build-up.


  Back-translation is widely known for its effectiveness in neural machine
translation when there is little to no parallel data. In this approach, a
source-to-target model is coupled with a target-to-source model trained in
parallel. The target-to-source model generates noisy sources, while the
source-to-target model is trained to reconstruct the targets and vice versa.
Recent developments of multilingual pre-trained sequence-to-sequence models for
programming languages have been very effective for a broad spectrum of
downstream software engineering tasks. Hence, training them to build
programming language translation systems via back-translation is compelling.
However, these models cannot be further trained via back-translation since they
learn to output sequences in the same language as the inputs during
pre-training. As an alternative, we propose performing back-translation via
code summarization and generation. In code summarization, a model learns to
generate natural language (NL) summaries given code snippets. In code
generation, the model learns to do the opposite. Therefore, target-to-source
generation in back-translation can be viewed as a target-to-NL-to-source
generation. We show that our proposed approach performs competitively with
state-of-the-art methods. We have made the code publicly available.


  In the context of Born-Infeld \emph{determinantal} gravity formulated in a
n-dimensional spacetime with absolute parallelism, we found an exact
3-dimensional \emph{vacuum} circular symmetric solution without cosmological
constant consisting in a rotating spacetime with non singular behavior. The
space behaves at infinity as the conical geometry typical of 3-dimensional
General Relativity without cosmological constant. However, the solution has no
conical singularity because the space ends at a minimal circle that no freely
falling particle can ever reach in a finite proper time. The space is curved,
but no divergences happen since the curvature invariants vanish at both
asymptotic limits. Remarkably, this very mechanism also forbids the existence
of closed timelike curves in such a spacetime.


  The IEEE 802.11ac standard introduces new downlink multi-user MIMO
(DL-MU-MIMO) transmissions to up to four users in order to increase spatial
reuse in wireless local area networks (WLANs). We argue that even better WLAN
per- formance can be achieved by slightly modifying the DL-MU-MIMO scheduling.
To this end we propose a new queuing mechanism based on the decoupling of EDCA
and DL-MU-MIMO scheduling (DEMS) to avoid head-of-line blocking. We show that
DEMS outperforms traditional 802.11ac scheduling based on first in, first out
transmission queues. The improvement is shown in terms throughput achieved
with: (a) more efficient channel usage, (b) increased probability of
transmission of high priority traffic, and (c) decreased competition between
frames destined to distinct users.


  The charges of the twisted D-branes of certain WZW models are determined. The
twisted D-branes are labelled by twisted representations of the affine algebra,
and their charge is simply the ground state multiplicity of the twisted
representation. It is shown that the resulting charge group is isomorphic to
the charge group of the untwisted branes, as had been anticipated from a
K-theory calculation. Our arguments rely on a number of non-trivial Lie
theoretic identities.