**Preface to "Micro/Nano Structures and Systems: Analysis, Design, Manufacturing, and Reliability"**

The subject of the book is the analysis, design, manufacturing, and reliability of micro- and nanostructures and systems, with a focus on the use of modern computational and analytical methods in conjunction with experimental techniques.

The book is intended for researchers and engineers working in the field of micro- and nanosystems, including those in aerospace, automobiles, and biosensors, as well as those studying nano- and micro-sized systems and devices, such as nanoactuators, nanoprobes, and micro/nano-electromechanical systems.

The authors of the book's chapters are experts in the field of micro- and nanosystems, and they have made significant contributions to the understanding of the physical and mechanical behavior of micro- and nanostructures. They have collaborated to create a comprehensive and valuable resource for those working in this field.

This book is the result of the collective efforts of many individuals and organizations, and the authors would like to acknowledge and express their gratitude to all those who have contributed to the success of this special issue.

In conclusion, the book *Micro/Nano Structures and Systems: Analysis, Design, Manufacturing, and Reliability* presents a valuable collection of articles for researchers and engineers working in the field of micro- and nanosystems. It aims to provide a complete understanding of the physical and mechanical behavior of micro- and nanostructures and to advance the field through the development and application of modern computational and analytical methods.

> **Stelios K. Georgantzinos** *Editor*


**4.1.1 Case 1: A is a dielectric material**

Figure 4 presents the optical transmission of the three types of the studied photonic crystals versus of the frequency of the light beam so that we can observe easily the band-gaps.

One easily observes that the (AB)16 type photonic crystals have two band gaps, the (ABBA)8 type crystals have three band-gaps and the (ABBABAAB)4 type crystals have four bandgaps. The values are given in table 1.

Table 1. The photonic band-gaps for (AB)16, (ABBA)8 and (ABBABAAB)4 one-dimensional photonic crystal

The Optical Transmission of One-Dimensional

**4.1.2 Case 2: A is an epsilon negative material**

(ABBABAAB)4 type structure.

localized states.

Photonic Crystals Containing Double-Negative Materials 47

It is also observed that the (AB)16 type crystals have wider band-gaps. The (ABBA)8 type crystals have the smallest band-gaps. The maximum band-gap is obtained for a

Figure 5 presents the optical transmission of the three types of the studied photonic crystals versus the frequency of the light beam so that to observe easily the band-gaps and the

a)

b)

c) Fig. 5. the optical transmission function of the frequency of the incident radiation for 1D PC

of different types: a) (AB)16; b) (ABBA)8; c) (ABBABAAB)4

Fig. 4. The optical transmission function of the frequency of the incident radiation for 1D PC of different types: a) (AB)16; b) (ABBA)8; c) (ABBABAAB)4

a)

b)

c) Fig. 4. The optical transmission function of the frequency of the incident radiation for 1D PC

of different types: a) (AB)16; b) (ABBA)8; c) (ABBABAAB)4

It is also observed that the (AB)16 type crystals have wider band-gaps. The (ABBA)8 type crystals have the smallest band-gaps. The maximum band-gap is obtained for a (ABBABAAB)4 type structure.