*The Challenges Facing Palliative Care Advocacy: What Is in a Name? DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97367*

*Palliative*

 *care terminology:*

 *vocables evolution through time and languages*

concern" is from

**310**

the primary sense is pains or

trouble bestowed upon something.

[Century Dictionary] Old High German *chara* "wail,

lament;" Gothic *kara*

trouble, care".

1.Old English *carian, cearian*

2. "lament,"

3. Old Saxon *karon*

4. Old High German *charon*

5.Gothic *karon* "to be anxious" said to be from PIE root \*gar- "cry

out, call, scream" (source also of

Irish *gairm* "shout, cry, call;").

*Suggestions for Addressing Clinical and Non-Clinical Issues in Palliative Care*

6. Latin Co (combined,

get moving, agitate, think things

through)

Cogitare – to think with

movement.

 (To be moved to

… )

 global) Agitare (to

*Cogitatus*, *cura*.

"Proto-Germanic

 \**karo*-

"sorrow,

To take care of "take in hand, do";

take care "be careful" also is from

Negative sense

1.Old English "To be anxious or solicitous; grieve; feel concern or interest,

2. 3. Old Saxon *karon* "to lament, to care, to sorrow,

complain,"

4. Old High German "complain,

lament,"

4.Gothic *karon* "to be anxious"), said to be from PIE root \*gar- "cry

out, call, scream" (source also of

Irish *gairm* "shout, cry, call;").

6. Latin think, consider.

Positive sense

senses, such as "have an

inclination";

"have fondness for" seem to have

developed later as mirrors to the

earlier negative ones.

a. feel concern or interest; attach

importance

 to something.

concerned,worry

trouble oneself, b. look after and provide for the

needs of. (look after, take care of,

tend, attend to,mind, minister to

a."giving heed," "attention,

Both *verb* and *noun* share origen

Very little in Spanish Palliative

Attention "Mental heeding" This finding is highly relevant as id

Care

from two Latin vocables

a. Latin

*attentionem*

(nominative

attentiveness,"

b. "to direct one's mind or

ATTEND

Late 14c.

12c

14c

*Aspect of Care*

*Verb*

 (oneself) bother,mind)

 (be

"curar".

"Proto-Germanic

 "grief, care"


3.2.2. Synthesis of [NH4]2{CuMo6O16(OH)2[CH3C(CH2O)3]2}·2H2O (**2**)

The synthetic procedure of compound **2** was similar to that of compound **1** except that the pH of the solution was adjusted to 2. Elemental analysis calcd. (%) for [NH4]2{CuMo6O16(OH)2[CH3C(CH2O)3]2}·2H2O (Mw = 1235.58 g mol<sup>−</sup>1): C 9.72%, H 2.61%, N 2.27%, Cu 5.14%, and Mo 46.59%; found C 9.31%, H 2.80%, N 2.31%, Cu 5.21%, and Mo 46.76%.


*4.13. Statistical Analysis*

Data are presented as mean ± SD. An unpaired two-tailed t-test or Mann–Whitney test was performed; p-values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. (\* *p*-value < 0.05; \*\* *p*-value < 0.01; \*\*\* *p*-value < 0.001).

#### **Supplementary Materials:** Supplementary Materials can be found at http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/9/3191/s1.

**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, R.G. and M.E.G.; methodology, T.G.-M., F.Z.D., I.C., L.R.-V., M.-G.H., J.K.-E, H.A. and M.E.G.-; validation, T.G.-M., F.Z.D., I.C., M.-G.H., J.K.-E., E.E., M.A.M., H.A. and M.E.-G.; formal analysis, T.G.-M., H.A. and M.E.G.; investigation, T.G.-M., F.Z.-D., I.C., M.-G.H., L.R.-V. and J.K.-E; project administration, M.E.G.; writing—original draft preparation, T.G.-M., H.A. and M.E.G.; writing—review and editing, E.E., H.A. and M.E.G.; supervision, H.A. and M.E.G.; funding acquisition, R.G., H.A. and M.E.G. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This research was funded by 'Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria, Instituto de Salud Carlos III co-funded by European Regional Development Funds', grant number PI15/00484 and PI18/00151 to M.E.G; PI13/00556 and PI16/00789 to R.G. F.Z.-D. received grant support from the Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (FPU13/00544). M.E.G. is supported by a 'Miguel Servet' contract (CP16/00046) from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and European Regional Development Funds. HA received support from the Swedish Research Council.

**Acknowledgments:** We are very grateful to Francina Munell for kindly providing us with the patient fibroblasts.

**Conflicts of Interest:** J.K.E. and E.E. have salary from and equity interest in NeuroVive Pharmaceutical, a company active in the field of mitochondrial medicine. The remaining authors declare no potential conflict of interest.


**Chapter 7**

Ancient Greco-Roman Views of Ecology, Sustainability, and Extinction: Aristotle, Stoicism, Pliny the Elder on Silphium, the Modern Legacy in Cuvier, Humboldt, Darwin, and beyond

*Paul Robertson and Paul Pollaro*


*Review* **Prospects for Protective Potential of** *Moringa oleifera* **against Kidney Diseases**

**Tanzina Akter 1,† , Md Atikur Rahman 1,† , Akhi Moni 1 , Md. Aminul Islam Apu 1 , Atqiya Fariha 1 , Md. Abdul Hannan 1,2 and Md Jamal Uddin 1,3,\***

**Abstract:** Kidney diseases are regarded as one of the major public health issues in the world. The objectives of this study were: (i) to investigate the causative factors involved in kidney disease and the therapeutic aspects of *Moringa oleifera*, as well as (ii) the effectiveness of *M. oleifera* in the anti-inflammation and antioxidant processes of the kidney while minimizing all potential side effects. In addition, we proposed a hypothesis to improve *M. oleifera* based drug development. This study was updated by searching the key words *M. oleifera* on kidney diseases and *M. oleifera* on oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis in online research databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar. The following validation checking and scrutiny analysis of the recently published articles were used to explore this study. The recent existing research has found that *M. oleifera* has a plethora of health benefits. Individual medicinal properties of *M. oleifera* leaf extract, seed powder, stem extract, and the whole extract (ethanol/methanol) can up-increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH), while decreasing the activity of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and COX-2. In our study, we have investigated the properties of this plant against kidney diseases based on existing knowledge with an updated review of literature. Considering the effectiveness of *M. oleifera*, this study would be useful for further research into the pharmacological potential and therapeutic insights of *M. oleifera*, as well as prospects of *Moringa*-based effective medicine development for human benefits.

**Keywords:** *Moringa oleifera*; antioxidant; anti-aging; fibrosis; inflammation; kidney disease

### **1. Introduction**

Kidney diseases are considered among the major health problems worldwide. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is closely connected with chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Since 1990, CKD has been included in the list of non-communicable conditions investigated by the global burden of disease study. As the disease's growth rate accelerates, it has become a global concern. The majority of incidents occur in low and lower-middle income countries [1–3]. The kidneys gradually lose their ability to function in CKD patients, and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) falls below 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 [1,2]. Mainly people who have been already suffering from diabetes, heart disease, or high blood pressure are at a high risk of developing CKD. Few drugs, such as prolyl hydroxylase domain inhibitors against anemia in CKD [3], can be used to treat CKD complications. The main pathologies involved in kidney complications are inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and fibrosis [4]. Unfortunately, no potential drug for treating kidney diseases exists at

**Citation:** Akter, T.; Rahman, M.A.; Moni, A.; Apu, M.A.I.; Fariha, A.; Hannan, M.A.; Uddin, M.J. Prospects for Protective Potential of *Moringa oleifera* against Kidney Diseases. *Plants* **2021**, *10*, 2818. https:// doi.org/10.3390/plants10122818

Academic Editors: Juei-Tang Cheng, I-Min Liu and Szu-Chuan Shen

Received: 27 November 2021 Accepted: 16 December 2021 Published: 20 December 2021

**Publisher's Note:** MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

**Copyright:** © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).

this time. Therefore, the search for a potential drug with fewer side effects to combat this disease is becoming increasingly important. *M. oleifera* Lam., also known as drumstick tree, is a *Moringaceae* family member that grows in the Indian subcontinent. This plant's various parts have medicinal applications, such as antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, etc. [5–8]. *Moringa* leaves also have a low calorific value and can be included in the diet of obese individuals [9]. Furthermore, it contains numerous bioactive phytochemicals such as flavonoids, saponin, vanillin, omega fatty acids, carotenoids, ascorbates, tocopherols, beta-sitosterol, moringine, kaempferol, and quercetin that have been reported in its flowers, roots, fruits, and seeds, and can play a variety of roles in medicine [10–13]. In general, the choice of the most suitable bioactive substance for therapeutic purposes necessarily depends on the chemical formula of that specific compound, its structure giving its unique properties, and implicitly its mode of action [14]. Kaempferol has been shown to promote cancer cell apoptosis, such as MCF-7 and A549 cells [15]. Due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, quercetin has the potential to be hepatoprotective, hypocholesterolemic, hypolipidemic, and anti-atherosclerotic [16]. *Moringa* has an anti-hyperglycemic effect, according to researchers who studied it in vivo on mice models [17].

Previous studies indicate that the juice of the super food *M. oleifera* enhances antimicrobial defense [18] and regulates insulin level, as well as glucose uptake in muscles [19,20]. Interestingly, *M. oleifera* showed a significant reduction of hyperglycemia, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, total cholesterol, fatty substances, FPG, and VLDL-cholesterol [21]. *M. oleifera* is also beneficial for skin, hair, liver, eye, blood pressure, treating anemia, kidney disease, and diabetes [22]. Several recent studies have documented the beneficial impacts of *M. oleifera* in alleviating renal diseases in animal model. Nafiu et al. [23] marked that gentamicin-induced impairment and oxidative stress significantly reduced by ethanolic extract of *Moringa oleifera* seeds in plasma, urine and kidney homogenate of rats. Akinrinde et al. [24] observed that *M. oleifera* extract attenuates the deleterious effects of renal ischemia-reperfusion through alleviation of oxidative stress. Soliman et al. [25] explored the ameliorative effects of *M. oleifera* against oxidative stress and methotrexate-induced hepato–renal dysfunction. Recently, Abu-Zeid et al. [26] discovered that the ecofriendly selenium nanoparticle using *M. oleifera* and/or *M. oleifera* ethanolic leaf extract reduces melamine-induced nephrotoxicity by alleviating of renal function impairments, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in rat kidney. Despite the great progress of *M. oleifera* in this field in recent years, less attention has been given to the effectiveness of *M. oleifera*, particularly against kidney related diseases. Therefore, there are still some issues which need further exploration, such as the protective effects of *M. oleifera* in kidney related disease difficulties and its prospects in drug development for human benefits.

This review updates the existing knowledge concerning the causative factors involved in kidney disease, as well as the therapeutic aspects of *M. oleifera*. Furthermore, this study provides a hypothesis on how *M. oleifera* would be effective in the anti-inflammation and antioxidant processes of the kidney, with the least amount of side effects.

### **2. Methods**

This systematic review was carried out following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines [27]. Databases such as Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar were accessed to retrieve information using the keywords 'MeSH terms', on 'kidney diseases' and 'oxidative stress' and 'inflammation', and 'fibrosis' and '*Moringa oleifera*'. The information was retrieved from 2011 to 15 June 2021. Automatic search tools were used to exclude some of the articles, while others were screened manually. Articles published in languages other than English were excluded. Reviews, book chapters, expert opinions, conference papers, and letters to editors were also excluded from this review. A total of 151 research articles were retrieved from the databases and discussed in this study (Figure 1). All information compiled in the table was obtained from these research articles.

databases and discussed in this study (Figure 1). All information compiled in the table

**Figure 1.** PRISMA 2020 flow diagram for the systematic review. **Figure 1.** PRISMA 2020 flow diagram for the systematic review.

was obtained from these research articles.

### **3. Phytochemical Content and Pharmacological Potential of** *M. oleifera* **on Kidney Dis-3. Phytochemical Content and Pharmacological Potential of** *M. oleifera* **on Kidney Diseases**

**eases**  *M. oleifera* contains several bioactive phytochemicals including flavonoids and isothiocyanates [10]; polyphenols, carotenoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids [11]; and triterpenoids, moringyne, monopalmitic, di-oleic triglyceride, campesterol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, avenasterol, and vitamin A [12]. These bioactive phytochemicals are found in *M. oleifera* roots, fruits, and seeds. These phytochemicals have medicinal properties which *M. oleifera* contains several bioactive phytochemicals including flavonoids and isothiocyanates [10]; polyphenols, carotenoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids [11]; and triterpenoids, moringyne, monopalmitic, di-oleic triglyceride, campesterol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, avenasterol, and vitamin A [12]. These bioactive phytochemicals are found in *M. oleifera* roots, fruits, and seeds. These phytochemicals have medicinal properties which have been shown to be effective antioxidant, antimicrobial, inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic agents [28]. More studies are required to explore the role of bioactive phytochemicals specially in kidney diseases.

have been shown to be effective antioxidant, antimicrobial, inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic agents [28]. More studies are required to explore the role of bioactive phytochemicals specially in kidney diseases. *M. oleifera* also possesses a variety of pharmacological properties, which are closely associated with the presence of its bioactive compounds. Therefore, in the following section we highlighted the pharmacological potential of *M. oleifera*. *M. oleifera* showed phar-*M. oleifera* also possesses a variety of pharmacological properties, which are closely associated with the presence of its bioactive compounds. Therefore, in the following section we highlighted the pharmacological potential of *M. oleifera*. *M. oleifera* showed pharmacological potential against some plausible factors such as oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, and other pathologies responsible for kidney diseases. The potential effects of *M. oleifera* against risk factors associated with kidney disease in the following sections as shown in Figures 2 and 3.

macological potential against some plausible factors such as oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, and other pathologies responsible for kidney diseases. The potential effects of *M. oleifera* against risk factors associated with kidney disease in the following sections

as shown in Figures 2 and 3.

**Figure 2.** Renoprotective effects of *M. oleifera* against oxidative stress. Stress stimuli (streptozotocin, CoCl2, methotrexate, tilmicosin, TiO2NPs, acetaminophen (APAP), glycerol, and *Salmonella*) increased malondialdehyde (MDA), lipid peroxidation products (LPP), total protein carbonyl content (TPCC), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and nitric oxide (NO) production via triggering reactive oxygen species (ROS), H2O2, glutathione disulfide (GSSG), and lactoperoxidase (LPO). Oxidative stress emerged as a result of these events. MO—induced models, on the other hand, increased the expression of catalase (CAT); superoxide dismutase (SOD); glutathione peroxidase (GPx); glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC); delta-amino levulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD), and G-6-Pase, which then activates glutathione (GSH). These stressors inhibit the expression of oxidative stress suppressive factors. ROS, H2O2, GSSG, and LPO, all related to oxidative stress, were **Figure 2.** Renoprotective effects of *M. oleifera* against oxidative stress. Stress stimuli (streptozotocin, CoCl2 , methotrexate, tilmicosin, TiO2NPs, acetaminophen (APAP), glycerol, and *Salmonella*) increased malondialdehyde (MDA), lipid peroxidation products (LPP), total protein carbonyl content (TPCC), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and nitric oxide (NO) production via triggering reactive oxygen species (ROS), H2O2 , glutathione disulfide (GSSG), and lactoperoxidase (LPO). Oxidative stress emerged as a result of these events. MO—induced models, on the other hand, increased the expression of catalase (CAT); superoxide dismutase (SOD); glutathione peroxidase (GPx); glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC); delta-amino levulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD), and G-6- Pase, which then activates glutathione (GSH). These stressors inhibit the expression of oxidative stress suppressive factors. ROS, H2O2 , GSSG, and LPO, all related to oxidative stress, were decreased by GSH. GSH is also capable of reducing oxidative stress.

decreased by GSH. GSH is also capable of reducing oxidative stress.

**Figure 3.** Renoprotective effects of *M. oleifera* against inflammation. The expression of C-reactive protein (CRP), which activates NF-kB in the cytosol, is linked to stress factors. TNF-, Il-6, Il-1B, iNOS, and COX-2 are all activated when NF-kB enters the nucleus and binds to DNA. All of these elements have been linked to the development of inflammation. NO is activated even more by iNOS. NO is thought to be a pro-inflammatory mediator that causes inflammation. In the cytosol, *M. oleifera* suppressed the expression of CRP and NF-kB. It also boosted cortisol, adrenaline, NK, and Treg cells, which helped reduce inflammation. Anti-inflammatory hormones Cortisol and Adrenaline Both NK cells and Treg cells are anti-inflammatory regulators. **Figure 3.** Renoprotective effects of *M. oleifera* against inflammation. The expression of C-reactive protein (CRP), which activates NF-kB in the cytosol, is linked to stress factors. TNF-, Il-6, Il-1B, iNOS, and COX-2 are all activated when NF-kB enters the nucleus and binds to DNA. All of these elements have been linked to the development of inflammation. NO is activated even more by iNOS. NO is thought to be a pro-inflammatory mediator that causes inflammation. In the cytosol, *M. oleifera* suppressed the expression of CRP and NF-kB. It also boosted cortisol, adrenaline, NK, and Treg cells, which helped reduce inflammation. Anti-inflammatory hormones Cortisol and Adrenaline Both NK cells and Treg cells are anti-inflammatory regulators.


**Conflict of interest**

*Special Considerations in Human Airway Management*

aspiration of secretion may be effective.

with no long-term harm [69].

direct visualizations [72].

**6. Conclusion**

Fogging and secretions may obscure view, but they can be solved. Newer devices have additional antifogging adds and one should be aware about it during airway intubation. Adding oxygen may help in antifogging too, while successive early

The most frustrating situation is when the passage of tube may be difficult despite great view ("laryngoscopic paradox") [13, 24]. However, one must be aware of his/her understanding of the basic videolaryngoscopy concepts. Indeed, as the acute angle is often very sharp, an acutely angled stylet is necessary. In addition, depth perception is lost with a two-dimensional video image, and sometimes, operators may become fixated on the video screen and may not directly observe where the laryngoscope blade or endotracheal tube is being placed [24]. The consequences of this unawareness of the situation are injuries of soft tissues such as soft palate, tonsillar, or pharyngeal wall perforation [65–68]. According to one study female gender, right tonsillar pillars and soft palate were the most frequently injured [69]. The most common repair of these soft tissues' injuries was simple surgical closure

Additional limitations of videolaryngoscopy are as follows: the need of experience and the time demand for the operator to learn how to use them properly, the rapid deterioration of their display in the presence of a swelling or a secretion, and

There are few useful tips that can be practiced to avoid complications. It is particularly important to prepare the tube with the stylet to follow the angle of the blade. As a mnemonic aid, one can remember the abbreviation "CCLL": (1) Choose the right tube, (2) Check the endotracheal tube cuff, (3) Lubricate the stylet and the endotracheal tube (but spare the camera and the light source), and (4) Load the

To gain great maneuverability with the tube, it is advisable to hold the tube closer to its connector, not to be to too close with the view to the glottis (back it up), and in the case of difficulty, passing through the glottis to use the bougie [71]. In addition, some propose to view videolaryngoscopy as a four-step procedure: First step is to look in the mouth and insert the videolaryngoscopy blade under direct vision. The next step is to look at the screen while gently advancing with the blade toward epiglottis to get the best glottic view. The third step is to move the look again to the mouth while inserting the tube under the direct vision to avoid trauma of soft tissues. And finally, the fourth step, is again to look at the screen to complete intubation. This step will probably need extra rotations and angulations of the tube. It is important that the stylet removal and the tube adjustments are done under

Videolaryngoscopy can be used effectively in situations of expected and unexpected difficult airway management. There are several devices for videolaryngoscopy, which differ technically, but with a thorough knowledge of the technical specific details, the success of the use of different videolaryngoscopes in intubation is similar. The choice of a specific videolaryngoscope depends on the individual patient, local resources, and the expertise of the operator. The simplicity and benefits of using videolaryngoscopy lead enthusiasts to entitle videolaryngoscopy as the miracle solution for all possible situations where airway visualization and airway management is required. But, in clinical reality, videolaryngoscopy, like any airway management technique, has its advantages and disadvantages. Its great advantage is that even its shortcomings can be learned faster and more efficiently,

the fact that they are rather complicated and expensive devices [70].

stylet (i.e., band it according to the angle of videolaryngoscopy blade).

**240**

The author declares no conflict of interest.


**11. Conclusion**

According to Driscoll (1994), there are three basic instructional principles on which Piagetian (cognitive) theorists generally agree:

Why then should metacognitive strategies such as planning, monitoring and evaluating one's own learning evolve more effectively when undergraduates are away from their home environment and culture? Vygotsky's (1986) view was that in order to subject a function to intellectual and voluntary control, we must first possess that function. In other words, metacognition and self-reflection will develop first as a skill before it can be used as a series of consciously controlled strategies (Lynch et al., 2006). The emphasis on social interaction as a pre-condition for the training of reflective skills is today shared by many approaches to instruction (Von Wright 1991). For example, the use of reciprocal or 'peer' teaching forces the teacher to use a whole series of metacognitive processes such as identifying what the learner already knows, deciding what is to be learned and how; monitoring understanding and evaluating the outcome in terms of increased understanding. This, in turn, encourages the teacher to reflect upon their own thinking processes. In terms of social constructivist theory, metacognitive processes begin as social processes and gradually become "internalised" (Downing, 1991; Lewis & Downing, 2000). The social context of living in an environment outside what might be termed your 'comfort zone' (Driscoll's, 1994, Principle 1) will undoubtedly provide an action and discovery oriented learning environment, whilst the scope for peer interaction and social negotiation is also considerably widened (Principle 2). Finally, Socratic Dialogue is a method widely used in Europe which allows for in-depth understanding of various issues concerning everyday life. Through rigorous inquiry and consensus students start to unravel some of their basic assumptions and develop metacognitive skills and knowledge. This approach has long valued everyday life as a formidable teacher of self-reflection (Principle 3).

Scruggs et al (1985) and Ning & Downing (2010b) suggest that direct instruction in metacognitive strategies leads to increases in learning (e.g. Learning to learn courses), and that independent use of these strategies develops only gradually. Whilst there is a wealth of research in support of these viewpoints (Hanley, 1995; Bogdan, 2000; Driscoll, 2004;), it is also essential that educators do not neglect the crucial role of the student's experience outside of the classroom in the development of metacognitive skills. Independent use of metacognitive strategies is a by-product of coping with everyday new social contexts and cultures. It seems very likely from the data presented in this paper that the experience of moving away from home (and culture) creates a metacognitive environment which fosters the development of 'thinking about thinking' and provides students with more opportunities to become successful problem-solvers and lifelong learners. In our rapidly changing world, the challenge for teachers is to help undergraduate students develop skills which will not become obsolete. As such, metacognitive strategies are essential for the twenty-first century because they will enable students to successfully cope with new situations, and the challenges of lifelong learning. To return to Socrates, it is clear that moving away from home and culture into a new social context ensures that everyday life is examined, and this study suggests that this examination promotes the development of metacognitive skills which go some way to equipping student's for the demands of a worthwhile career in a rapidly changing world.


*3.14.1 The ordinary world*

Reflecting the daily life of the character. Storytelling mindfulness shows credible manifestations to solve and heal aspects linked to everyday life. In previous research we have applied it to current conscious leaders [14].