**4.1 High frequency structure simulator, HFSS, software**

ANSYS HFSS RF simulation software is a full wave electromagnetic software. HFSS is used to simulate RF modules and antennas [17]. For example, printed antennas, waveguides and other transmission lines, connectors, antenna arrays, phased arrays, microwave devices, digital circuits, filters, MIC and MMIC packages and other RF devices. ANSYS HFSS is used to develop RF, high-speed RF systems, seekers, radar systems, microwave devices, RF satellites modules, internet of things (IoT) products and other high-speed microwave and digital devices. For more information see, https://www.ansys.com/products/electronics/ansys-hfss.

HFSS employs several solvers to give the RF engineer deep insight into all the 3D electromagnetic problems. Through integration with ANSYS thermal, structural and fluid dynamics tools, HFSS provides a multi-physics analysis of RF products, ensuring their thermal and structural reliability. The ANSYS HFSS simulation suite consists of a comprehensive set of solvers to address diverse electromagnetic problems. Its automatic adaptive mesh refinement lets the designer to focus on the design instead of spending time determining and creating the best mesh.

### *4.1.1 HFSS electromagnetic solvers*

ANSYS HFSS employs full wave 3D finite element method, momentum (MoM) analysis and the SBR ultra-large-scale asymptotic method of shooting and bouncing rays with advanced diffraction and creeping wave physics for enhanced accuracy (SBR+). The ANSYS HFSS software package has the following solvers to solve RF problems:

**15**

ansys-hfss.

applications.

*Introductory Chapter: Ultra-Wideband Technologies DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97675*

• Solver that uses Creeping Wave

**HFSS RF Solver Features**

• Wireless propagation solver

• Microwave and antennas solver

• Automated diagnostics simulation

• Microwave component libraries

• Coupling models and analysis

**Types of Circuit Simulation**

**4.2 Advance design system, ADS**

• DC circuit analysis and simulation

• Transient circuit analysis and simulation

• RF system multitone harmonic balance analysis

simulators (including both FEM and FDTD solvers).

For more information see, https://www.ansys.com/products/electronics/

**ADS** is an electronic design automation software system. It offers complete design integration to designers of products such as cellular and portable phones, pagers, wireless networks, and radar and satellite communications systems [16]. ADS support communication system and RF design engineers to develop all types of RF designs, from RF and microwave modules and printed antennas to integrated MMICs for communication, medical, IOT and aerospace defense

With a complete set of simulation technologies ranging from frequency and time domain circuit simulation to electromagnetic field simulation. ADS let designers fully characterize and optimize designs. Such as Harmonic Balance, Circuit Envelope, Transient Convolution, Ptolemy, X-parameter, Momentum, and 3D EM

• Linear circuit analysis

• Multi-fidelity RF models

application.

• Solver that uses physical theory of diffraction

• Solver that uses uniform theory of diffraction

• Communication system link budget calculations

Each HFSS may solve a specific module, environment, RF devices or

#### **HFSS Solvers**

### **HFSS SBR+**

*Introductory Chapter: Ultra-Wideband Technologies DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97675*

Each HFSS may solve a specific module, environment, RF devices or application.