*3.2. Univariate Analysis*

To identify possible confounders and the relationship between admission hematocrit level and preoperative DVT, we performed a univariate analysis (Table 2). According to the criteria of *p* < 0.1, the following variables were considered in the multivariate logistic regression: sex, dementia, and multiple injuries.

**Table 2.** Effects of factors on preoperative DVT measured by univariate analysis (N = 1840).

**Table 2.** *Cont.*


**4.3 Discussions regarding biodiversity of Piperaceae family or piper species**

I have already mentioned that black pepper (*Piper nigrum*) is included in piperaceae family; simultaneously a lot of medicinal plants are also included in same family possessing diverse type of biological activity. The biodiversity of medicinal compound is a blessing for us due to the presence of a variety of bioactive constituents, which makes individual plants able to show different type of implications against several types of diseases or pathological conditions, and some of these are explained below.

*Piper longum* L. utilized as an antidote to snake bite, scorpion stings. Besides this, it can be applied in chronic bronchitis, cough, and cold [47].

*Piper betle* L. has a lot of implications such as in cuts, boils, scabies, mouth odor, cough remedy, bronchitis, and nosebleed [48].

*Piper aduncum* L. may have utilization in stomach aches, vaginitis, influenza, rheumatism, cough, fever, and general infections [49].

*Piper aborescens Roxb*. could be used in rheumatism, cytotoxic activity, and antiplatelet aggregation [50].

*Piper capense* L.F. might have application in renal disorder, gonorrhoea, syphilis, abdominal pain, enteritis, and asthma [51].

*Piper ovatum* Vahl possesses anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity [52]. *Piper retrofractum* Vahl can be consumed as digestive aid, stimulant, carminative, and in intestinal disorders, postpartum treatment (women) [53].

*Piper tuberculatum* Jacq. had been used as antidiuretic, analgesic, sedative, and antidote for snake bites [54].


**4. Effective use of educational framework to prepare society awareness on cyber security**

The educational system has to be folded on the educational needs of current and future generations regarding electronic information security and safe usage of online environment. Therefore, an educational plan should be considered that combines both what has been achieved so far in social informatics, especially the safety information, and also the require‐ ments and needs of their future. The emergence of Internet of Things (IoT) and the Internet of Everything (IoE) must provide to the educational environment the issue of future threats analysis or problems that may occur if future generations are not aware of them. As a result, the need for such a debate and planning is more than necessary.

**Table 1.** Internet of Things—basic devices installed by category (Millions of units)

IoT is increasingly becoming a topic of conversation, in more formal (companies, organiza‐ tions) and informal (in the family setting and occasionally in everyday people's relations) contexts. It is a growing concept that has not only the potential to influence the way we live or will we live, but also the way we work.

After the broadband Internet became widely available, the connection costs are falling, many devices are created with Wi-Fi capabilities and contain built-in sensors; technology costs decrease and use of smart phones has become overwhelming. All these things lead to creating a perfect setting for IoT.

**◦** Piracy of computer programs

**◦** Offenses related to organized crime

dissemination of pornographic materials, etc.)

the need for such a debate and planning is more than necessary.

**Table 1.** Internet of Things—basic devices installed by category (Millions of units)

or will we live, but also the way we work.

Category 2014 2015 2016 2020 Consumer 2277 3023 4024 13,509 Business: Cross-industry<PHONE_NUMBER> 4408 Business: Vertical-specific 898 1065 1276 2880 Grand total 3807 4902 6392 20,797 Source: Gartner, Stamford, Conn., November 10, 2015; Web:http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/3165317).

IoT is increasingly becoming a topic of conversation, in more formal (companies, organiza‐ tions) and informal (in the family setting and occasionally in everyday people's relations) contexts. It is a growing concept that has not only the potential to influence the way we live

After the broadband Internet became widely available, the connection costs are falling, many devices are created with Wi-Fi capabilities and contain built-in sensors; technology costs

**◦** Distribution of pieces of information that is illegal or injurious (racist propaganda,

Proceedings of the International Conference on Interdisciplinary Studies (ICIS 2016) - Interdisciplinarity and Creativity

**4. Effective use of educational framework to prepare society awareness on**

The educational system has to be folded on the educational needs of current and future generations regarding electronic information security and safe usage of online environment. Therefore, an educational plan should be considered that combines both what has been achieved so far in social informatics, especially the safety information, and also the require‐ ments and needs of their future. The emergence of Internet of Things (IoT) and the Internet of Everything (IoE) must provide to the educational environment the issue of future threats analysis or problems that may occur if future generations are not aware of them. As a result,

**◦** Computer sabotage **◦** Computer fraud

in the Knowledge Society

86

**◦** Crimes against life

**◦** Electronic warfare

**•** Other crimes:

**cyber security**

To the question: 'What is the Internet of Things?' We can answer in a simple and effective way that is the concept of connecting devices, virtually any device with a 'Open' and 'Closed' switch, can connect to the Internet. This includes everything from mobile phones, washing machines, coffee makers, lamps, wearable devices and almost anything else. It also applies to machine components, for example, an engine of a car or boat or drilling equipment.

A more general definition is given by ITU [19]: 'Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of physical objects—devices, vehicles, buildings and other elements—in electronics, software, sensors and network connectivity, integrated, allowing these items to collect and exchange data'.

Analysis firm Gartner says that [20] by 2020 there will be over 26 billion connected devices. It is a large number of connections (some even estimate this number to be much higher than 100 billion). IoT is a huge network that connects 'things' (which also includes people-implanted medical devices for monitoring or survival, like pacemakers). The relationship will be between people-people, people-things and things-things.

Regarding Internet of Everything (IoE) [21], 'is a term with expanded meaning that focuses on devices and consumer products connected to the Internet and equipped with expanded digital features. It is a philosophy in which the future of technology is composed of several different types of devices and elements who are connected to the Internet worldwide. The term is somewhat synonymous with the Internet of Things (IoT)'.

The new rules for the future will be, 'anything that can be connected will be connected'. It is not difficult to see how and why it is such an important topic today; certainly it opens the door to a lot of opportunities but also to more challenges. Security is a big problem, which is often brought to the fore. With billions of devices connected together, what can people do to ensure that their information will be safe? Will anyone be able to enter the device and thus get access to the whole network? Also, IoT opens worldwide companies to more security threats. Then there is the issue of privacy and personal data sharing. This is a sensitive topic even today, so one can only imagine how that conversation will evolve and concerns when talking about many billions of connected devices. Another problem that many companies will face is on the massive amounts of data that these devices will produce. Companies will have to find a way to store, track, analyse and cope with the large volume of data that will be generated. There are numerous websites that promote online safety, but the way they are working is not interactive and productive.

Pedagogical context provides a mean through which the student is educated in the online environment and not just informed. It is necessary to use some pedagogical tools in the propagation of the elements of social informatics. It is also necessary to emphasize from the pedagogical point of view, the use of information security services. Specific teaching methods such as systematic exposing of knowledge, conversation method, questioning method and others must be in the spotlight. It must be used in a specific way of organizing individual security services lessons, and also methods for evaluating school performance results.

We propose the creation of an information system to accommodate the needs and cognitive characteristics, reported on a number of indicators (such as age, sex, concerns, needs, etc.).

The need to create an educational platform for security services lies in the connection between real and virtual environment. Security services are a key point in the future society. The making of an interactive platform to create a centralized computerized system has a role in educating students for the safe use of virtual online environment.

The platform should be of interactive portal-/cloud-like architecture, having integrated basic computer security services.

User guidance will be made depending on the area of interest: security banking application, electronic information security (online and offline, on various kinds of media), guide for Internet browsing, social security, protection of the person in the virtual environment, etc.

It will be taken into account: security policies, creating and managing passwords, user types (standard user/system administrator), security of physical connections, network vulnerability, Internet services security, firewall, handling security incidents, viruses, resources on cyber security, etc. It will be used in modern solutions to create an interactive information system between user and informational database.

The database will contain information structured on interest category. Various parameters will be taken into account to guide the platform's user in finding and assimilating required information. Specific teaching methods will allow a greater degree of efficiency of the educa‐ tional platform. What should be considered when creating such a platform is the way of interaction with users; thus, current technologies offer new ways of interaction. For example, the user can create a more detailed profile, when entering the platform. Profile that should be done on the basis of questions addressed effectively. The profile can contain not only infor‐ mation related to general data, but can be customized, but not to be understood as custom (which could affect privacy). The application can guess what the user wants to obtain. On the basis of collected information, a security - Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats SWOT analysis of the user profile may be done. From the pedagogical point of view, infor‐ mation collection can be performed using programmed instruction and computer-assisted learning. Through this training method, the subject learns paced, the educational material is divided into small sequences of study, followed by tests, the subject and instructor (the education platform here) can observe the progress of the training immediately.

The SWOT analysis can be dynamic, thus making step-by-step improvements on the level of education in information security services, to the one who is accessing the platform. Finally, and also intermediate, the user can see his minuses, what has he learned and how is he progressing in his educational path. The information system cannot take the place of a teacher, but it can replace and improve it by offering numerous benefits, being an adjuvant to the lack of time, distance and availability of many users who would like to improve their knowledge of security information services in the knowledge society we live in nowadays.

Conversations about IoT will continue to be done all over the world, while we seek to understand the way this will impact our lives. Also, we try to understand how these many opportunities and challenges will arise in the context that more and more devices start to join IoT. The Internet offers to the children great opportunities to discover, create and connect, but can also become a dangerous factor in the education and maturation of a child. For now, the best thing we can do is that the current and future generations to be educated about what is IoT and the potential impact that can be observed on the way we work and live.


**Conflicts of interest**

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

*Inappropriate Medication and Perception of Quality of Life in Hospitalized Elderly Patients DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95499*