  The problem of solving partial differential equations (PDEs) on manifolds can
be considered to be one of the most general problem formulations encountered in
computational multi-physics. The required covariant forms of balance laws as
well as the corresponding covariant forms of the constitutive closing relations
are naturally expressed using the bundle-valued exterior calculus of
differential forms or related algebraic concepts. It can be argued that the
appropriate solution method to such PDE problems is given by the finite element
exterior calculus (FEEC). The aim of this essay is the exposition of a simple,
efficiently-implementable framework for general hp-adaptivity applicable to the
FEEC on higher-dimensional manifolds. A problem-independent spectral
error-indicator is developed which estimates the error and the spectral decay
of polynomial coefficients. The spectral decay rate is taken as an
admissibility indicator on the polynomial order distribution. Finally, by
elementary computational examples, it is attempted to demonstrate the power of
the method as an engineering tool.


  We prove that the force sensitivity of the conventional optomechanical
detector associated with the optical quadrature measurement of the output beam
is lower bounded by the so-called ultimate quantum limit (UQL), i.e., the
absolute value of the imaginary part of the inverse mechanical susceptibility.
Through the linear response theory, we find that the force sensitivity of any
linear detector is lower bounded by a generalized UQL, which might beat the
usual UQL by properly tailoring the detector-oscillator interaction. We believe
that our results open a new direction for improving the performance of
high-sensitivity detection schemes.


  While self-supervised learning has been shown to benefit a number of vision
tasks, existing techniques mainly focus on image-level manipulation, which may
not generalize well to downstream tasks at patch or pixel levels. Moreover,
existing SSL methods might not sufficiently describe and associate the above
representations within and across image scales. In this paper, we propose a
Self-Supervised Pyramid Representation Learning (SS-PRL) framework. The
proposed SS-PRL is designed to derive pyramid representations at patch levels
via learning proper prototypes, with additional learners to observe and relate
inherent semantic information within an image. In particular, we present a
cross-scale patch-level correlation learning in SS-PRL, which allows the model
to aggregate and associate information learned across patch scales. We show
that, with our proposed SS-PRL for model pre-training, one can easily adapt and
fine-tune the models for a variety of applications including multi-label
classification, object detection, and instance segmentation.


  Recent experiments reveal that 6- to 12-month-old infants can learn
probabilities and reason with them. In this work, we present a novel
computational system called Neural Probability Learner and Sampler (NPLS) that
learns and reasons with probabilities, providing a computationally sufficient
mechanism to explain infant probabilistic learning and inference. In 24
computer simulations, NPLS simulations show how probability distributions can
emerge naturally from neural-network learning of event sequences, providing a
novel explanation of infant probabilistic learning and reasoning. Three
mathematical proofs show how and why NPLS simulates the infant results so
accurately. The results are situated in relation to seven other active research
lines. This work provides an effective way to integrate Bayesian and
neural-network approaches to cognition.


  We present the results of ASCA observations of a heterogenous sample of 15
spiral galaxies. 8 are LINERs or low-luminosity AGN (LLAGN), 5 are starburst
galaxies and 2 are normal spiral galaxies. We find that in all cases the ASCA
spectra can be described by a canonical model consisting of a power-law with a
photon index ~ 1.7-2.0, plus a soft optically thin emission component with kT ~
0.6-0.8 keV. The implied element abundances are often sub-solar. The soft
component is usually extended and the nuclear, point-like emission is sometimes
absorbed by column densities in the range log nH ~ 21-23 cm-2. The relative
luminosities of the soft and hard components vary from galaxy to galaxy. For
the LINERs, the 2-10 keV luminosity of the hard component is typically log L ~
40-41 ergs/s whereas the 0.5-2.0 keV luminosity of the soft component is
typically log L ~ 39-40 ergs/s. For starbursts, the 2-10 keV luminosity of is
log L ~ 39-40 ergs/s, somewhat lower than the corresponding luminosity of most
of the LINERs in our sample. The hard component is similar to the observed
X-ray spectra of quasars and also to the intrinsic X-ray spectra of classical
Seyfert galaxies. Most of the galaxies in our sample exhibit no significant
(dI/I > 20%) short-term variability (with timescales of a day or less) whereas
long-term variability is common. We present a case study of the LINER M81 in
detail where there is evidence of large-amplitude (dI/I ~ 70%) variability over
several weeks. There is also clear evidence for a broad, complex Fe-K emission
line which is compatible with an origin in an accretion disk viewed at ~ 40
deg. These results suggest a strong connection between classical AGN, LINERs,
and starburst galaxies.


  We present an alternative layer to convolution layers in convolutional neural
networks (CNNs). Our approach reduces the complexity of convolutions by
replacing it with binary decisions. Those binary decisions are used as indexes
to conditional distributions where each weight represents a leaf in a decision
tree. This means that only the indices to the weights need to be determined
once, thus reducing the complexity of convolutions by the depth of the output
tensor. Index computation is performed by simple binary decisions that require
fewer cycles compared to conventionally used multiplications. In addition, we
show how convolutions can be replaced by binary decisions. These binary
decisions form indices in the conditional distributions and we show how they
are used to replace 2D weight matrices as well as 3D weight tensors. These new
layers can be trained like convolution layers in CNNs based on the
backpropagation algorithm, for which we provide a formalization.
  Our results on multiple publicly available data sets show that our approach
performs similar to conventional neuronal networks. Beyond the formalized
reduction of complexity and the improved qualitative performance, we show the
runtime improvement empirically compared to convolution layers.


  In this paper, we prove a decomposition formula for the Kazhdan-Lusztig basis
of affine Hecke algebras of rank 2 with positive weight function. Then we
discuss some applications of this kind of decomposition to Lusztig's
conjectures P1-P15.


  When there is no independence, abnormal observations may have a tendency to
appear in clusters instead of scattered along the time frame. Identifying
clusters and estimating their size are important problems arising in statistics
of extremes or in the study of quantitative recurrence for dynamical systems.
In the classical literature, the Extremal Index appears associated to the
cluster size and, in fact, it is usually interpreted as the reciprocal of the
mean cluster size. This quantity involves a passage to the limit and in some
special cases this interpretation fails due to an escape of mass when computing
the limiting point processes. Smith \cite{S88} introduced a regenerative
process exhibiting such disagreement. Very recently, in \cite{AFF18} the
authors used a dynamical mechanism to emulate the same inadequacy of the usual
interpretation of the Extremal Index. Here, we consider a general regenerative
process that includes Smith's model and show that it is important to consider
finite time quantities instead of asymptotic ones and compare their different
behaviours in relation to the cluster size. We consider other indicators such
as what we call the sojourn time, which corresponds to the size of groups of
abnormal observations, when there is some uncertainty regarding where the
cluster containing that group was actually initiated. We also study the decay
of correlations of the non-Markovian models considered.


  We consider topological defect networks with junctions in $A_{N-1}$ Toda CFT
and the connection to supersymmetric loop operators in $\mathcal{N} = 2$
theories of class S on a four-sphere. Correlation functions in the presence of
topological defect networks are computed by exploiting the monodromy of
conformal blocks, generalising the notion of a Verlinde operator. Concentrating
on a class of topological defects in $A_2$ Toda theory, we find that the
Verlinde operators generate an algebra whose structure is determined by a set
of generalised skein relations. These relations encode the representation
theory of a quantum group. In the second half of the paper, we explore the
dictionary between topological defect networks and supersymmetric loop
operators in the $\mathcal{N}=2^*$ star theory by comparing to exact
localisation computations. In this context, the the generalised skein relations
are related to the operator product expansion of loop operators.


  Let $G = (V, E)$ be an undirected connected simple graph on $n$ vertices. A
cut-equivalent tree of $G$ is an edge-weighted tree on the same vertex set $V$,
such that for any pair of vertices $s, t\in V$, the minimum $(s, t)$-cut in the
tree is also a minimum $(s, t)$-cut in $G$, and these two cuts have the same
cut value. In a recent paper [Abboud, Krauthgamer and Trabelsi, 2021], the
authors propose the first subcubic time algorithm for constructing a
cut-equivalent tree. More specifically, their algorithm has
$\widetilde{O}(n^{2.5})$ running time.
  In this paper, we improve the running time to $\hat{O}(n^2)$ if almost-linear
time max-flow algorithms exist. Also, using the currently fastest max-flow
algorithm by [van den Brand et al, 2021], our algorithm runs in time
$\widetilde{O}(n^{17/8})$.


  We prove that the uniform infinite random quadrangulations defined
respectively by Chassaing-Durhuus and Krikun have the same distribution.


  Recent advances in the interconnectedness and digitization of industrial
machines, known as Industry 4.0, pave the way for new analytical techniques.
Indeed, the availability and the richness of production-related data enables
new data-driven methods. In this paper, we propose a process mining approach
augmented with artificial intelligence that (1) reconstructs the historical
workload of a company and (2) predicts the workload using neural networks. Our
method relies on logs, representing the history of business processes related
to manufacturing. These logs are used to quantify the supply and demand and are
fed into a recurrent neural network model to predict customer orders. The
corresponding activities to fulfill these orders are then sampled from history
with a replay mechanism, based on criteria such as trace frequency and
activities similarity. An evaluation and illustration of the method is
performed on the administrative processes of Heraeus Materials SA. The workload
prediction on a one-year test set achieves an MAPE score of 19% for a one-week
forecast. The case study suggests a reasonable accuracy and confirms that a
good understanding of the historical workload combined to articulated
predictions are of great help for supporting management decisions and can
decrease costs with better resources planning on a medium-term level.


  We discuss preliminary results from our first search campaign for transiting
planets performed using Sleuth, an automated 10 cm telescope with a 6 degree
square field of view. We monitored a field in Hercules for 40 clear nights
between UT 2003 May 10 and July 01, and obtained an rms precision (per 15-min
average) over the entire data set of better than 1% on the brightest 2026
stars, and better than 1.5% on the brightest 3865 stars. We identified no
strong candidates in the Hercules field. We conducted a blind test of our
ability to recover transiting systems by injecting signals into our data and
measuring the recovery rate as a function of transit depth and orbital period.
About 85% of transit signals with a depth of 0.02 mag were recovered. However,
only 50% of transit signals with a depth of 0.01 mag were recovered. We expect
that the number of stars for which we can search for transiting planets will
increase substantially for our current field in Andromeda, due to the lower
Galactic latitude of the field.


  Observations of flare emissions in the optical continuum are very rare.
Therefore, the analysis of such observations is useful and may contribute to
our understanding of the flaring chromosphere and photosphere. We study the
white light continuum emission observed during the X6.9 flare which occurred on
August 09, 2011. This emission comes not only from the flare ribbons but also
from the nearby plage area. The main aim of this work is to disentangle the
flare and plage (facula) emission. We analyzed the spatial, spectral and
temporal evolution of the flare and plage properties by analyzing
multi-wavelength observations. We study the morphological correlation of the
whitelight continuum emission observed with different instruments. We found
that some active region areas which produce the continuum emission correspond
rather to plages than to the flare kernels. We showed that in some cases the
continuum emission from the WL flare kernels is very similar to the continuum
emission of faculae.


  We show that grand unified theories based on SO(10) generate naturally the
next-to-leading baryon number violating operators of dimension seven. These
operators, which violate B-L, lead to unconventional decays of the nucleon such
as n -> e^-K^+, e^- \pi^+ and p -> \nu \pi^+. In two-step breaking schemes of
non-supersymmetric SO(10), nucleon lifetime for decays into these modes is
found to be within reach of experiments. We also identify supersymmetric
scenarios where these decays may be accessible, consistent with gauge coupling
unification. Further, we show that the (B-L)-asymmetry generated in the decays
of GUT scale scalar bosons and/or gauge bosons can explain consistently the
observed baryon asymmetry of the universe. The induced (B-L)-asymmetry is
sphaleron-proof, and survives down to the weak scale without being erased by
the electroweak interactions. This mechanism works efficiently in a large class
of non-SUSY and SUSY SO(10) models, with either a 126 or a 16 Higgs field
employed for rank reduction. In minimal models the induced baryon asymmetry is
tightly connected to the masses of quarks, leptons and neutrinos and is found
to be compatible with observations.


  Fully localised solitary waves are travelling-wave solutions of the
three-dimensional gravity-capillary water wave problem which decay to zero in
every horizontal spatial direction. Their existence for water of finite depth
has recently been established, and in this article we present an existence
theory for water of infinite depth. The governing equations are reduced to a
perturbation of the two-dimensional nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation, which
admits a family of localised solutions. Two of these solutions are symmetric in
both horizontal directions and an application of a suitable version of the
implicit-function theorem shows that they persist under perturbations.


  We examine extended inflation models enhanced by the addition of a coupling
between the inflaton field and the space-time curvature. We examine two types
of model, where the underlying inflaton potential takes on second-order and
first-order form respectively. One aim is to provide models which satisfy the
solar system constraints on the Brans--Dicke parameter $\omega$. This
constraint has proven very problematic in previous extended inflation models,
and we find circumstances where it can be successfully evaded, though the
constraint must be carefully assessed in our model and can be much stronger
than the usual $\omega > 500$. In the simplest versions of the model, one may
avoid the need to introduce a mass for the Brans--Dicke field in order to
ensure that it takes on the correct value at the present epoch, as seems to be
required in hyperextended inflation. We also briefly discuss aspects of the
formation of topological defects in the inflaton field itself.


  For the first time,we report the effect of pentavalent subtitution at the Mn
site of La(0.67)Ca(0.33)MnO(3). The ferromagnetic -metallic ground state
modifies to a cluster-glass insulator beyond x=0.03. The observed suppression
in the transition temperatures (39K/at.%) is the largest reported for the Mn
site subtituted manganites. We argue that charge state(valence) of the
substituent has a dominant role in affecting the ferromagnetic - metallic
ground state of CMR manganites.


  The problem of forward abstract interpretation of {\em normal} logic programs
has not been formally addressed in the literature although negation as failure
is dealt with through the built-in predicate ! in the way it is implemented in
Prolog. This paper proposes a solution to this problem by deriving two generic
fixed-point abstract semantics $F^b and $F^\diamond for forward abstract
interpretation of {\em normal} logic programs. $F^b$ is intended for inferring
data descriptions for edges in the program graph where an edge denotes the
possibility that the control of execution transfers from its source program
point to its destination program point. $F^\diamond$ is derived from $F^b$ and
is intended for inferring data descriptions for textual program points.


  We compute two-point functions of lowest weight operators at the
next-to-leading order in the couplings for the beta-deformed N=4 SYM. In
particular we focus on the CPO Tr(Phi_1^2) and the operator Tr(Phi_1 Phi_2) not
presently listed as BPS. We find that for both operators no anomalous dimension
is generated at this order, then confirming the results recently obtained in
hep-th/0506128. However, in both cases a finite correction to the two-point
function appears.


  We have earlier shown that cosmic strings moving through the plasma at the
time of a first order quark-hadron transition in the early universe can
generate large scale baryon inhomogeneities. In this paper, we calculate
detailed structure of these inhomogeneities at the quark-hadron transition. Our
calculations show that the inhomogeneities generated by cosmic string wakes can
strongly affect nucleosynthesis calculations. A comparison with observational
data suggests that such baryon inhomogeneities should not have existed at the
nucleosynthesis epoch. If this disagreement holds with more accurate
observations, then it will lead to the conclusions that cosmic string formation
scales above $10^{14} - 10^{15}$ GeV may not be consistent with nucleosynthesis
and CMBR observations. Alternatively, some other input in our calculation
should be constrained, for example, if the average string velocity remains
sufficiently small so that significant density perturbations are never produced
at the QCD scale, or if strings move ultra-relativistically so that string
wakes are very thin, trapping negligible amount of baryons. Finally, if
quark-hadron transition is not of first order then our calculations do not
apply.


  This paper is motivated by a claim in the classical textbook of
Muskhelishvili concerning the Cauchy singular integral operator $S$ on H\"older
functions with parameters. To the contrary of the claim, a counter example was
constructed by Tumanov which shows that $S$ with parameters fails to maintain
the same H\"older regularity with respect to the parameters. In view of the
example, the behavior of the Cauchy singular integral operator with parameters
between a type of Log-H\"older spaces is investigated to obtain the sharp norm
estimates. At the end of the paper, we discuss its application to the
$\bar\partial$ problem on product domains.


  We present a status report of our calculation of the electromagnetic form
factor of the pion on the PACS-CS gauge field configurations generated using
Iwasaki gauge action and Wilson-clover quark action for 2 + 1 flavors of light
dynamical quarks. The technique of twiseted boundary conditon is employed to
explore the form factor for small momentum transfer. The $q^2$ behavior of the
form factor and its light quark mass dependence is examined.


  This study integrates the educators digital competency (DC), as an individual
characteristic construct of the task-technology fit (TTF) theory, to examine a
better fit between Moodle using and teaching task, and to investigate its
effect on both Moodles utilization and their task performance. For assessing
our proposed hypotheses, an online survey was conducted with 238 teaching staff
from different departments of universities in Malaysia. Using Structural
Equation Modelling (SEM), our analysis revealed that all the proposed
components (i.e., technology literacy, knowledge deepening, presentation
skills, and professional skills) of digital competency significantly influenced
the TTF. The Task-Technology Fit was also found as an influential construct,
which positively and significantly affected both Moodles utilization and
teachers task performance. Besides, Moodles utilization was confirmed to be a
substantial determinant of the performance impact. In the end, this study
included limitations and future directions based on how the study's
contribution can support academics and practitioners for assessing and
understanding what particular components of digital competency impact TTF,
which in turn may influence the systems utilization and performance impact.


  This study focuses on advancing metascintillators to break the 100 ps barrier
and approach the 10 ps target. We exploit nanophotonic features, specifically
the Purcell effect, to shape and enhance the scintillation properties of the
first-generation metascintillator. We demonstrate that a faster emission is
achievable along with a more efficient conversion efficiency. This results in a
coincidence time resolution improved by a factor of 1.6, crucial for TOF-PET
applications.


  We have analytically investigated the effects of non-linearity on the free
energy and thermodynamic geometry of holographic superconductors in $2+1
-$dimensions. The non-linear effect is introduced by considering the coupling
of the massive charged scalar field with Born-Infeld electrodynamics. We then
calculate the relation between critical temperature and charge density from two
different methods, namely, the matching method and the divergence of the scalar
curvature which is obtained by investigating the thermodynamic geometry of the
model. The two results are slightly different from numerical values but the
effects of non-linearity gets captured in our analysis.


  Data-driven decision-making consequential to individuals raises important
questions of accountability and justice. Indeed, European law provides
individuals limited rights to 'meaningful information about the logic' behind
significant, autonomous decisions such as loan approvals, insurance quotes, and
CV filtering. We undertake three experimental studies examining people's
perceptions of justice in algorithmic decision-making under different scenarios
and explanation styles. Dimensions of justice previously observed in response
to human decision-making appear similarly engaged in response to algorithmic
decisions. Qualitative analysis identified several concerns and heuristics
involved in justice perceptions including arbitrariness, generalisation, and
(in)dignity. Quantitative analysis indicates that explanation styles primarily
matter to justice perceptions only when subjects are exposed to multiple
different styles---under repeated exposure of one style, scenario effects
obscure any explanation effects. Our results suggests there may be no 'best'
approach to explaining algorithmic decisions, and that reflection on their
automated nature both implicates and mitigates justice dimensions.


  The asymmetric gravity field measured by the Juno spacecraft allowed
estimation of the depth of Jupiter's zonal jets, showing that the winds extend
approximately $3000$ km beneath the cloud-level. This estimate was based on an
analysis using a combination of all measured odd gravity harmonics $J_{3}$,
$J_{5}$, $J_{7}$, and $J_{9}$, but the wind profile dependence on each of them
separately has not been investigated. Furthermore, these calculations assumed
the meridional profile of the cloud-level wind extends to depth. However, it is
possible that the interior jet profile varies from that of the cloud-level as
hinted by the Juno microwave measurement that find a smoother nadir brightness
temperature profile at depth compared to the cloud-level. Here we analyze in
detail the possible meridional and vertical structure of Jupiter's deep
jet-streams. We find that each odd gravity harmonic constrains the flow at a
different depth, with $J_{3}$ being the most dominant at depths below $3000$
km, $J_{5}$ being the most restrictive overall, and $J_{9}$ not constraining
the flow at all if the other odd harmonics are within the measurement range.
Interior flow profiles constructed from perturbations to the cloud-level winds
allow a more extensive range of vertical wind profiles, yet when the profiles
differ substantially from the cloud-level, the ability to match the gravity
data reduces significantly. Overall, we find that while interior wind profiles
that do not resemble the cloud-level are possible, they are statistically
unlikely. However, slightly smoother profiles, which resemble the Juno's
microwave radiometer temperature profile at depth, are still compatible with
the gravity measurements.


  A configuration of the lit-only $\sigma$-game on a finite graph $\Gamma$ is
an assignment of one of two states, on or off, to all vertices of $\Gamma.$
Given a configuration, a move of the lit-only $\sigma$-game on $\Gamma$ allows
the player to choose an on vertex $s$ of $\Gamma$ and change the states of all
neighbors of $s.$ Given any integer $k$, we say that $\Gamma$ is $k$-lit if,
for any configuration, the number of on vertices can be reduced to at most $k$
by a finite sequence of moves. Assume that $\Gamma$ is a tree with a perfect
matching. We show that $\Gamma$ is 1-lit and any tree obtained from $\Gamma$ by
adding a new vertex on an edge of $\Gamma$ is 2-lit.


  The statistics and origin of the first discrete plastic event in a one
dislocation dynamics simulation are studied. This is done via a linear
stability analysis of the evolving dislocation configuration up to the onset of
irreversible plasticity. It is found, via a fold catastrophe, the dislocation
configuration prior to loading directly determines the stress at which the
plastic event occurs and that between one and two trigger dislocations are
involved. The resulting irreversible plastic strain arising from the
instability is found to be highly correlated with these triggering
dislocations.


  In this paper, we propose using a generic protograph to design joint
source-channel codes (JSCCs). We present a generalized algorithm, called
protograph extrinsic information transfer for JSCC algorithm (PEXIT-JSCC
algorithm), for analyzing the channel threshold of the proposed JSCC. We also
propose a source generic protograph EXIT (SGP-EXIT) algorithm, which is more
appropriate than the generalized source protograph extrinsic information
transfer (GSP-EXIT) algorithm, for evaluating the source threshold of a generic
protograph. Moreover, a collaborative optimization method based on the SGP-EXIT
and PEXIT-JSCC algorithms is proposed to construct generic-protograph JSCCs
with good source and channel thresholds. Finally, we construct
generic-protograph JSCCs, analyze their decoding thresholds, and compare their
theoretical and error performance with JSCC systems based on optimized
double-protographs. Results show that our proposed codes can attain channel
thresholds within 1 dB from the Shannon limit and outperform
double-protograph-based JSCCs.


  We evaluate the effect of a supersonic relative velocity between the baryons
and dark matter on the thermal and density evolution of the first gas clouds at
z < 50. Through a series of cosmological simulations, initialized at z=100 with
a range of relative streaming velocities and minihalo formation redshifts, we
find that the typical streaming velocities will have little effect on the gas
evolution. Once the collapse begins, the subsequent evolution of the gas will
be nearly indistinguishable from the case of no streaming, and star formation
will still proceed in the same way, with no change in the characteristic Pop
III stellar masses. Reionization is expected to be dominated by halo masses of
> 10^8 M_sun, for which the expected effect of streaming is negligible.


  We elaborate masses of open-charm mesons (c\bar{d} and c\bar{s}) with
J^P=0^-,1^-,0^+,1^+ from a viewpoint of ordinary light-heavy systems in the
analysis of standard Borel-transformed QCD sum rule. This analysis is
implemented with the operator product expansion up to dimension 6, permitting
corrections to the order alpha_s and to the order m_s, and without relying on
1/m_c-expansion. The obtained results following our stringent criteria for the
continuum-threshold dependence, the Borel window and the Borel stability,
indicate that the charmed-meson masses in the 0^+ channel are overestimated by
100 \sim 200 MeV in comparison with the experimental data, which were recently
reported as the rather broad state of D^{*+}(2351) and the extremely narrow
state of D_s^{*+}(2317), respectively. Such large mass-discrepancies from the
data cannot be seen in other channels, where conversely our results of the
c\bar{s}-meson masses are even underestimated somewhat in comparison with data,
independent of the value of the strange-quark mass adopted in our calculations.
  From these results, it might be expected that the measured low mass of
D_s^{*+}(2317) is a manifestation of an exotic state with the structures of a
four-quark or a molecule, while at present the D^{*+} is not in conflict with
the existing data due to its large width.


  Understanding geometric relationships with little mathematical knowledge can
be challenging for today's students and teachers. A new toolset is introduced
that is able to create a proof without words by combining the benefits of the
Geometric Deduction Database method (to obtain a readable proof of a geometric
statement) and the GeoGebra framework (that makes it possible to export these
data as an online applet in a simple way).


  Recently, Halder \emph{et al.} [S. Halder \emph{et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett.
\textbf{122}, 040403 (2019)] present two sets of strong nonlocality of
orthogonal product states based on the local irreducibility. However, for a set
of locally indistinguishable orthogonal entangled states, the remaining
question is whether the states can reveal strong quantum nonlocality. Here we
present a general definition of strong quantum nonlocality based on the local
indistinguishability. Then, in $2 \otimes 2 \otimes 2$ quantum system, we show
that a set of orthogonal entangled states is locally reducible but locally
indistinguishable in all bipartitions, which means the states have strong
nonlocality. Furthermore, we generalize the result in N-qubit quantum system,
where $N\geqslant 3$. Finally, we also construct a class of strong nonlocality
of entangled states in $d\otimes d\otimes \cdots \otimes d, d\geqslant 3$. Our
results extend the phenomenon of strong nonlocality for entangled states.


  A long standing question is if maximum number $\mu(d)$ of nodes on a surface
of degree $d$ in $\dP^3(\dC)$ can be achieved by a surface defined over the
reals which has only real singularities. The currently best known asymptotic
lower bound, $\mu(d) \gtrapprox {5/12}d^3$, is provided by Chmutov's
construction from 1992 which gives surfaces whose nodes have non-real
coordinates. Using explicit constructions of certain real line arrangements we
show that Chmutov's construction can be adapted to give only real
singularities. All currently best known constructions which exceed Chmutov's
lower bound (i.e., for $d=3,4,...,8,10,12$) can also be realized with only real
singularities. Thus, our result shows that, up to now, all known lower bounds
can be attained with only real singularities. We conclude with an application
of the theory of real line arrangements which shows that our arrangements are
aymptotically the best possible ones. This proves a special case of a
conjecture of Chmutov.


  We report the results of carrying out a large number of simulations on a
coevolutionary model of multispecies communities. A wide range of parameter
values were investigated which allowed a rather complete picture of the change
in behaviour of the model as these parameters were varied to be built up. Our
main interest was in the nature of the community food webs constructed via the
simulations. We identify the range of parameter values which give rise to
realistic food webs and give arguments which allow some of the structure which
is found to be understood in an intuitive way. Since the webs are evolved
according to the rules of the model, the strengths of the predator-prey links
are not determined a priori, and emerge from the process of constructing the
web. We measure the distribution of these link strengths, and find that there
are a large number of weak links, in agreement with recent suggestions. We also
review some of the data on food webs available in the literature, and make some
tentative comparisons with our results. The difficulties of making such
comparisons and the possible future developments of the model are also briefly
discussed.


  A quantitative understanding of aggregation mechanisms leading to the
formation of inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) and protein composites in aqueous
media is of paramount interest for colloid chemistry. In particular, the
interactions between silica (SiO2) NPs and lysozyme (LZM) have attracted
attention, because LZM is well-known to adsorb strongly to silica NPs, while at
the same time preserving its enzymatic activity. The inherent nature of the
aggregation processes leading to NP-LZM composites involves structural changes
at length-scales from few to hundreds of nanometres but also time scales << 1
second. To unravel these we used in situ synchrotron-based small-angle X-ray
scattering (SAXS) and followed the subtle interparticle interactions in
solution at a time resolution of 50 ms/frame (20 fps). We show that if the size
of silica NPs (~5 nm diameter) is matched by the dimensions of LZM, the
evolving scattering patterns contain a unique structure factor contribution
originating from the presence of LZM. We developed a scattering model and
applied it to analyse this structure function, which allowed us to extract
structural information on the deformation of lysozyme molecules during
aggregation, as well as to derive the mechanisms of composite formation.


  We consider the possibility that tunneling in a degenerate double-well
potential in de Sitter spacetime leads to coherent oscillations of quantum
probability to find the system in a given well. We concentrate on the case when
the mass scale of the potential is much larger than the Hubble parameter and
present a procedure for analytical continuation of the ``time''-dependent
instantons, which allows us to study the subsequent real-time evolution. We
find that the presence of the de Sitter horizon makes tunneling completely
incoherent and calculate the decoherence time. We discuss the difference
between this case and the case of a $\theta$-vacuum, when tunneling in de
Sitter spacetime preserves quantum coherence.


  In this note the logarithmic energy problem with external potential
$|z|^{2n}+tz^d+\bar{t}\bar{z}^d$ is considered in the complex plane, where $n$
and $d$ are positive integers satisfying $d\leq 2n$. Exploiting the discrete
rotational invariance of the potential, a simple symmetry reduction procedure
is used to calculate the equilibrium measure for all admissible values of $n,d$
and $t$.
  It is shown that, for fixed $n$ and $d$, there is a critical value
$|t|=t_{cr}$ such that the support of the equilibrium measure is simply
connected for $|t|<t_{cr}$ and has $d$ connected components for $|t|>t_{cr}$.


  The images of ultrahigh-energy cosmic ray sources get distorted, in an energy
dependent way, by the effects of Galactic and extragalactic magnetic fields.
These deflections can also affect the observed cosmic ray spectrum, specially
when the sources are transient. We study scenarios in which one or a few nearby
extragalactic sources, such as CenA or M81/M82, provide the dominant
contribution to the cosmic ray flux above the ankle of the spectrum. We discuss
the effects of the angular dispersion induced by the turbulent extragalactic
magnetic fields, and the coherent deflections caused by the regular Galactic
magnetic field, with the associated multiple imaging of the sources. We
consider the possible contribution from those sources to the dipolar
distribution discovered by the Pierre Auger Observatory above 8 EeV, as well as
to the hot spots hinted in the observations by the Pierre Auger and Telescope
Array observatories at higher energies, taking into account the mixed nature of
the cosmic ray composition.


  We use monadic second-order logic to define two-dimensional subshifts, or
sets of colorings of the infinite plane. We present a natural family of
quantifier alternation hierarchies, and show that they all collapse to the
third level. In particular, this solves an open problem of [Jeandel & Theyssier
2013]. The results are in stark contrast with picture languages, where such
hierarchies are usually infinite.


  Global covariance pooling (GCP) aims at exploiting the second-order
statistics of the convolutional feature. Its effectiveness has been
demonstrated in boosting the classification performance of Convolutional Neural
Networks (CNNs). Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) is used in GCP to compute
the matrix square root. However, the approximate matrix square root calculated
using Newton-Schulz iteration \cite{li2018towards} outperforms the accurate one
computed via SVD \cite{li2017second}. We empirically analyze the reason behind
the performance gap from the perspectives of data precision and gradient
smoothness. Various remedies for computing smooth SVD gradients are
investigated. Based on our observation and analyses, a hybrid training protocol
is proposed for SVD-based GCP meta-layers such that competitive performances
can be achieved against Newton-Schulz iteration. Moreover, we propose a new GCP
meta-layer that uses SVD in the forward pass, and Pad\'e Approximants in the
backward propagation to compute the gradients. The proposed meta-layer has been
integrated into different CNN models and achieves state-of-the-art performances
on both large-scale and fine-grained datasets.


  The doping of semiconductors with magnetic impurities gives rise not only to
a spin-spin interaction between quasi-free carriers and magnetic impurities,
but also to a local spin-independent disorder potential for the carriers. Based
on a quantum kinetic theory for the carrier and impurity density matrices as
well as the magnetic and non-magnetic carrier-impurity correlations, the
influence of the non-magnetic scattering potential on the spin dynamics in DMS
after optical excitation with circularly polarized light is investigated using
the example of Mn-doped CdTe. It is shown that non-Markovian effects, which are
predicted in calculations where only the magnetic carrier-impurity interaction
is accounted for, can be strongly suppressed in the presence of non-magnetic
impurity scattering. This effect can be traced back to a significant
redistribution of carriers in $\mathbf{k}$-space which is enabled by the
build-up of large carrier-impurity correlation energies. A comparison with the
Markov limit of the quantum kinetic theory shows that, in the presence of an
external magnetic field parallel to the initial carrier polarization, the
asymptotic value of the spin polarization at long times is significantly
different in the quantum kinetic and the Markovian calculations. This effect
can also be attributed to the formation of strong correlations which
invalidates the semiclassical Markovian picture and it is stronger when the
non-magnetic carrier-impurity interaction is accounted for. In an external
magnetic field perpendicular to the initial carrier spin, the correlations are
also responsible for a renormalization of the carrier spin precession
frequency.


  Consider the problem of drawing random variates $(X_1,\ldots,X_n)$ from a
distribution where the marginal of each $X_i$ is specified, as well as the
correlation between every pair $X_i$ and $X_j$. For given marginals, the
Fr\'echet-Hoeffding bounds put a lower and upper bound on the correlation
between $X_i$ and $X_j$. Any achievable correlation between $X_i$ and $X_j$ is
a convex combinations of these bounds. The value $\lambda(X_i,X_j) \in [0,1]$
of this convex combination is called here the convexity parameter of
$(X_i,X_j),$ with $\lambda(X_i,X_j) = 1$ corresponding to the upper bound and
maximal correlation. For given marginal distributions functions
$F_1,\ldots,F_n$ of $(X_1,\ldots,X_n)$ we show that $\lambda(X_i,X_j) =
\lambda_{ij}$ if and only if there exist symmetric Bernoulli random variables
$(B_1,\ldots,B_n)$ (that is $\{0,1\}$ random variables with mean 1/2) such that
$\lambda(B_i,B_j) = \lambda_{ij}$. In addition, we characterize completely the
set of convexity parameters for symmetric Bernoulli marginals in two, three and
four dimensions.


  Superconducting wires with broken time-reversal and spin-rotational
symmetries can exhibit two distinct topological gapped phases and host bound
Majorana states at the phase boundaries. When the wire is tuned to the
transition between these two phases and the gap is closed, Majorana states
become delocalized leading to a peculiar critical state of the system. We study
transport properties of this critical state as a function of the length $L$ of
a disordered multichannel wire. Applying a non-linear supersymmetric sigma
model of symmetry class D with two replicas, we identify the average
conductance, its variance and the third cumulant in the whole range of $L$ from
the Ohmic limit of short wires to the regime of a broad conductance
distribution when $L$ exceeds the correlation length of the system. In
addition, we calculate the average shot noise power and variance of the
topological index for arbitrary $L$. The general approach developed in the
paper can also be applied to study combined effects of disorder and topology in
wires of other symmetries.


  Intrinsic motivation is a promising exploration technique for solving
reinforcement learning tasks with sparse or absent extrinsic rewards. There
exist two technical challenges in implementing intrinsic motivation: 1) how to
design a proper intrinsic objective to facilitate efficient exploration; and 2)
how to combine the intrinsic objective with the extrinsic objective to help
find better solutions. In the current literature, the intrinsic objectives are
all designed in a task-agnostic manner and combined with the extrinsic
objective via simple addition (or used by itself for reward-free pre-training).
In this work, we show that these designs would fail in typical sparse-reward
continuous control tasks. To address the problem, we propose Constrained
Intrinsic Motivation (CIM) to leverage readily attainable task priors to
construct a constrained intrinsic objective, and at the same time, exploit the
Lagrangian method to adaptively balance the intrinsic and extrinsic objectives
via a simultaneous-maximization framework. We empirically show, on multiple
sparse-reward continuous control tasks, that our CIM approach achieves greatly
improved performance and sample efficiency over state-of-the-art methods.
Moreover, the key techniques of our CIM can also be plugged into existing
methods to boost their performances.


  We introduce a new variant of Hochschild's two-sided bar construction for the
setting of curved differential graded algebras. One can geometrically think of
the classical bar complex as elements from the algebra positioned along
different points in the closed interval $[0,1]$. In this paper, we start with a
curved differential graded algebra and define a new ``zigzag algebra'' that,
informally, consists of algebra elements arranged on a zigzag of intervals
going back and forth between $0$ and $1$. We focus on two curved differential
graded algebras: the de Rham algebra of differential forms with values in the
endomorphism bundle associated to a vector bundle with connection, and its
induced zigzag algebra. We define a curved version of Chen's iterated integral
that incorporates parallel transport and maps this zigzag algebra of
bundle-valued forms to bundle-valued forms on the path space. This iterated
integral is proven to be a homotopy equivalence of curved differential graded
algebras, and for real-valued forms it factors through the usual Chen iterated
integral.


  The number of mobile users is increasing rapidly, 3GPP initiated a new
technology 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE). LTE is an enabling technology as a
solution to the problem of network capacity and quality in areas that have a
high demand like Sleman. The quality of LTE networks are supported by backbone
and distribution network. This paper describes the designing of fiber optic
network as the LTE backbone network in Sleman. The backbone network requires
G-652 optical cable along 85 km with a ring topology and WDM-STM64 technology.
The distribution network uses GPON technology and the type of G984 optical
cable along 61.35 km. The minimum of power received at the end-point in the
optisystem simulation is -25 dBm and -26 dBm through the calculation. This
value is acceptable, since it is above the minimum of power received (Receiver
Sensitivity) -28 dBm which refers to the standard parameters of G.984.2. The
average value of rise time is 69 ps, this value is still below the maximum
allowable value of rise time 70 ps. Average BER of backbone link is 5x10-4.


  We prove that the image of an isometric embedding into ${\mathbb R}^3$ of a
two dimensionnal complete Riemannian manifold $(\Sigma, g)$ without boundary is
a convex surface provided both the embedding and the metric $g$ enjoy a
$C^{1,\alpha}$ regularity for some $\alpha>2/3$ and the distributional Gaussian
curvature of $g$ is nonnegative and nonzero. The analysis must pass through
some key observations regarding solutions to the very weak Monge-Amp\`ere
equation.


  This work revisits a class of biomimetically inspired log-periodic waveforms
first introduced by R.A. Altes in the 1970s for generalized target description.
It was later observed that there is a close connection between such sonar
techniques and wavelet decomposition for multiresolution analysis. Motivated by
this, we formalize the original Altes waveforms as a family of hyperbolic
chirplets suitable for the detection of accelerating time-series oscillations.
The formalism results in a remarkably flexible set of wavelets with desirable
properties of admissibility, regularity, vanishing moments, and time-frequency
localization. These "Altes wavelets" also facilitate efficient implementation
of the scale invariant hyperbolic chirplet transform (HCT).
  From a practical perspective, log-periodic oscillations with an acceleration
towards criticality can serve as indicators of an incipient bifurcation. Such
signals abound in nature, often as precursors to phase transitions in the
non-linear dynamics of complex systems. For example, the authors' interest lies
in automatic detection of the well documented phenomenon of log-periodic price
dynamics during financial bubbles and preceding market crashes. However, the
methodology presented here is more widely applicable in such diverse domains as
prediction of critical failures in mechanical systems, and fault detection in
electrical networks. Examples beyond failure diagnostics include animal species
identification via call recordings, commercial \& military radar, and there are
many more. A synthetic application is presented in this report for illustrative
purposes.


  We examine whether the fact that QCD is chirally invariant at short distances
necessarily leads to the prediction that hadrons form approximate parity
doublets, as has been recently put forward by Glozman and collaborators. We
show that this is not the case, and we exhibit some of the pitfalls of trying
to link the operator product expansion to the hadron spectrum. We illustrate
our arguments within a model for scalar and pseudo-scalar mesons used recently
by Shifman to argue for parity doubling. We find that, whatever the
experimental situation may be, there is no theoretical basis for parity
doubling based on the use of the operator product expansion.


  Approximate computing is being considered as a promising design paradigm to
overcome the energy and performance challenges in computationally demanding
applications. If the case where the accuracy can be configured, the quality
level versus energy efficiency or delay also may be traded-off. For this
technique to be used, one needs to make sure a satisfactory user experience.
This requires employing error predictors to detect unacceptable approximation
errors. In this work, we propose a scheduling-aware feature selection method
which leverages the intermediate results of the hardware accelerator to improve
the prediction accuracy. Additionally, it configures the error predictors
according to the energy consumption and latency of the system. The approach
enjoys the flexibility of the prediction time for a higher accuracy. The
results on various benchmarks demonstrate significant improvements in the
prediction accuracy compared to the prior works which used only the accelerator
inputs for the prediction.


  I study the buckling transition under compression of a two-dimensional,
hexagonal, regular elastic honeycomb. Under isotropic compression, the system
buckles to a configuration consisting of a unit cell containing four of the
original hexagons. This buckling pattern preserves the sixfold rotational
symmetry of the original lattice but is chiral, and can be described as a
combination of three different elemental distortions in directions rotated
2pi/3 from each other. Non-isotropic compression may induce patterns consisting
in a single elemental distortion or a superposition of two of them. The
numerical results compare very well with the outcome of a Landau theory of
second order phase transitions.


  This paper provides a systematic study of supergravity contributions relevant
for inflationary model building in Jordan frame supergravity. In this
framework, canonical kinetic terms in the Jordan frame result in the separation
of the Jordan frame scalar potential into a tree-level term and a supergravity
contribution, which is potentially dangerous for sustaining inflation. We show
that if the vacuum energy necessary for driving inflation originates dominantly
from the F-term of an auxiliary field (i.e. not the inflaton), the supergravity
corrections to the Jordan frame scalar potential are generically suppressed.
Moreover, these supergravity contributions identically vanish if the
superpotential $W$ vanishes along the inflationary trajectory. On the other
hand, if the F-term associated with the inflaton dominates the vacuum energy,
the supergravity contributions are generically comparable to the globally
supersymmetric contributions. In addition, the non-minimal coupling to gravity
inherent to Jordan frame supergravity significantly impacts the inflationary
model depending on the size and sign of this coupling. We discuss the
phenomenology of some representative inflationary models, and point out the
relation to the recently much discussed cosmological `attractor' models.


  Small, impulsive jets commonly occur throughout the solar corona, but are
especially visible in coronal holes. Evidence is mounting that jets are part of
a continuum of eruptions that extends to much larger coronal mass ejections and
eruptive flares. Because coronal-hole jets originate in relatively simple
magnetic structures, they offer an ideal testbed for theories of energy buildup
and release in the full range of solar eruptions. We analyzed an equatorial
coronal-hole jet observed by SDO/AIA on 09 January 2014, in which the
magnetic-field structure was consistent with the embedded-bipole topology that
we identified and modeled previously as an origin of coronal jets. In addition,
this event contained a mini-filament, which led to important insights into the
energy storage and release mechanisms. SDO/HMI magnetograms revealed footpoint
motions in the primary minority-polarity region at the eruption site, but show
negligible flux emergence or cancellation for at least 16 hours before the
eruption. Therefore, the free energy powering this jet probably came from
magnetic shear concentrated at the polarity inversion line within the embedded
bipole. We find that the observed activity sequence and its interpretation
closely match the predictions of the breakout jet model, strongly supporting
the hypothesis that the breakout model can explain solar eruptions on a wide
range of scales.


  Semiconductor quantum dots are converging towards the demanding requirements
of photonic quantum technologies. Among different systems, quantum dots with
dimensions exceeding the free-exciton Bohr radius are appealing because of
their high oscillator strengths. While this property has received much
attention in the context of cavity quantum electrodynamics, little is known
about the degree of indistinguishability of single photons consecutively
emitted by such dots and on the proper excitation schemes to achieve high
indistinguishability. A prominent example is represented by GaAs quantum dots
obtained by local droplet etching, which recently outperformed other systems as
triggered sources of entangled photon pairs. On these dots, we compare
different single-photon excitation mechanisms, and we find (i) a "phonon
bottleneck" and poor indistinguishability for conventional excitation via
excited states and (ii) photon indistinguishablilities above 90% for both
strictly resonant and for incoherent acoustic- and optical-phonon-assisted
excitation. Among the excitation schemes, optical phonon-assisted excitation
enables straightforward laser rejection without a compromise on the source
brightness together with a high photon indistinguishability.


  Biomolecular folding, at least in simple systems, can be described as a two
state transition in a free energy landscape with two deep wells separated by a
high barrier. Transition paths are the short part of the trajectories that
cross the barrier. Average transition path times and, recently, their full
probability distribution have been measured for several biomolecular systems,
e.g. in the folding of nucleic acids or proteins. Motivated by these
experiments, we have calculated the full transition path time distribution for
a single stochastic particle crossing a parabolic barrier, focusing on the
underdamped regime. Our analysis thus includes inertial terms, which were
neglected in previous studies. These terms influence the short time scale
dynamics of a stochastic system, and can be of experimental relevance in view
of the short duration of transition paths. We derive the full transition path
time distribution in the underdamped case and discuss the similarities and
differences with the high friction (overdamped) limit.


  Cyclotron resonance, along with its second and third harmonics, has been
observed in the quasi-two-dimensional organic superconductor
$\beta^{\prime\prime}$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$SF$_5$CH$_2$CF$_2$SO$_3$. The harmonic
content is richly angle-dependent, and is interpreted in terms of the
interlayer warping of the Fermi surface giving rise to the cyclotron resonance.
In a departure from Kohn's theorem, but in agreement with recent theoretical
predictions, the effective mass deduced from the cyclotron resonance
measurements is greater than that determined from magnetic quantum
oscillations.


  Linear lattice gauge theory is based on link variables that are arbitrary
complex or real $N\times N$ matrices, in distinction to the usual (non-linear)
formulation with unitary or orthogonal matrices. For a large region in
parameter space both formulations belong to the same universality class, such
that the continuum limits of linear and non-linear lattice gauge theory are
identical. We explore if the linear formulation can help to find a
non-perturbative continuum limit formulated in terms of continuum fields.
Linear lattice gauge theory exhibits excitations beyond the gauge fields. In
the linear formulation the running gauge coupling corresponds to the flow of
the minimum of a ``link potential''. This minimum occurs for a nonzero value of
the link variable $l_0$ in the perturbative regime, while $l_0$ vanishes in the
confinement regime. We discuss a flow equation for the scale dependent location
of the minimum $l_0(k)$.


  In this review we discuss theories of the electroweak symmetry breaking
sector in which the $W$ and $Z$ interactions become strong at an energy scale
not larger than a few TeV.


  The measurement of the internal rotation of post-main sequence stars using
data from space-based photometry missions has demonstrated the need for an
efficient angular momentum transport in stellar interiors. So far, no clear
solution has emerged and explaining the observed trends remain a challenge for
stellar modellers. We aim at constraining both the shape of the internal
rotation profile of six Kepler subgiants studied in details in 2014 and the
properties of the missing angular momentum transport process acting in stellar
interiors from MCMC inversions of the internal rotation. We apply a new MCMC
inversion technique to existing Kepler subgiant targets and test various shapes
of the internal rotation profile of all six original subgiants observed in
2014. We also constrain the limitations on the number of free parameters that
can be used in the MCMC inversion, showing the limitations in the amount of
information in the seismic data. First, we show that large-scale fossil
magnetic fields are not able to explain the internal rotation of subgiants,
similarly to what was determined from detailed studies of Kepler red giants. We
are also able to constrain the location of the transition in the internal
rotation profile for the most evolved stars in the available set of subgiants.
We find that some of them exhibit a transition located close to the border of
the helium core while one clearly does not. We conclude that it might be
possible that various processes might be at play to explain our observations,
but that revealing the physical nature of the angular momentum process will
require a consistent detailed modelling of all subgiants available,
particularly the least evolved. In addition, increasing the number of stars for
which such inferences are possible (e.g. with the future PLATO mission) is
paramount given the key role they play in validating transport process
candidates.


  We consider and provide an accurate study for the fractional Zernike
functions on the punctured unit disc, generalizing the classical Zernike
polynomials and their associated $\beta$-restricted Zernike functions. Mainly,
we give the spectral realization of the latter ones and show that they are
orthogonal $L^2$-eigenfunctions for certain perturbed magnetic (hyperbolic)
Laplacian. The algebraic and analytic properties for the fractional Zernike
functions to be established include the connection to special functions, their
zeros, their orthogonality property, as well as the differential equations,
recurrence, and operational formulas they satisfy. Integral representations are
also obtained. Their regularity as poly-meromorphic functions is discussed and
their generating functions including a bilinear one of "Hardy--Hille type" are
derived. Moreover, we prove that a truncated subclass defines a complete
orthogonal system in the underlying Hilbert space giving rise to a specific
Hilbertian orthogonal decomposition in terms of a second class of generalized
Bergman spaces.


  Vision Transformers (ViTs) have shown impressive performance in computer
vision, but their high computational cost, quadratic in the number of tokens,
limits their adoption in computation-constrained applications. However, this
large number of tokens may not be necessary, as not all tokens are equally
important. In this paper, we investigate token pruning to accelerate inference
for object detection and instance segmentation, extending prior works from
image classification. Through extensive experiments, we offer four insights for
dense tasks: (i) tokens should not be completely pruned and discarded, but
rather preserved in the feature maps for later use. (ii) reactivating
previously pruned tokens can further enhance model performance. (iii) a dynamic
pruning rate based on images is better than a fixed pruning rate. (iv) a
lightweight, 2-layer MLP can effectively prune tokens, achieving accuracy
comparable with complex gating networks with a simpler design. We assess the
effects of these design decisions on the COCO dataset and introduce an approach
that incorporates these findings, showing a reduction in performance decline
from ~1.5 mAP to ~0.3 mAP in both boxes and masks, compared to existing token
pruning methods. In relation to the dense counterpart that utilizes all tokens,
our method realizes an increase in inference speed, achieving up to 34% faster
performance for the entire network and 46% for the backbone.


  A fundamental, unsolved problem in Solar System formation is explaining the
melting and crystallization of chondrules found in chondritic meteorites.
Theoretical models of chondrule melting in nebular shocks has been shown to be
consistent with many aspects of thermal histories inferred for chondrules from
laboratory experiments; but, the mechanism driving these shocks is unknown.
Planetesimals and planetary embryos on eccentric orbits can produce bow shocks
as they move supersonically through the disk gas, and are one possible source
of chondrule-melting shocks. We investigate chondrule formation in bow shocks
around planetoids through 3D radiation hydrodynamics simulations. A new
radiation transport algorithm that combines elements of flux-limited diffusion
and Monte Carlo methods is used to capture the complexity of radiative
transport around bow shocks. An equation of state that includes the rotational,
vibrational, and dissociation modes of H$_2$ is also used. Solids are followed
directly in the simulations and their thermal histories are recorded. Adiabatic
expansion creates rapid cooling of the gas, and tail shocks behind the embryo
can cause secondary heating events. Radiative transport is efficient, and bow
shocks around planetoids can have luminosities $\sim$few$\times10^{-8}$
L$_{\odot}$. While barred and radial chondrule textures could be produced in
the radiative shocks explored here, porphyritic chondrules may only be possible
in the adiabatic limit. We present a series of predicted cooling curves that
merit investigation in laboratory experiments to determine whether the solids
produced by bow shocks are represented in the meteoritic record by chondrules
or other solids.


  We study the torsion subgroup of the universal ordinary distribution related
to a general number field. We describe a way to control this subgroup. We apply
this method to the special case of an imaginary quadratic field, and we give
examples of such fields where these torsion subgroups are non-trivial.


  We have derived azimuthally-averaged radial iron abundance profiles of the
X-ray gas contained within 12 clusters of galaxies with redshift 0.03 < z < 0.2
observed with BeppoSAX. We find evidence for a negative metal abundance
gradient in most of the clusters, particularly significant in clusters that
possess cooling flows. The composite profile from the 12 clusters resembles
that of cluster simulations of Metzler & Evrard (1997). This abundance gradient
could be the result of the spatial distribution of gas-losing galaxies within
the cluster being more centrally condensed than the primordial hot gas. Both
inside and outside the core region, we find a higher abundance in cooling flow
clusters than in non-cooling flow clusters. Outside of the cooling region this
difference cannot be the result of more efficient sputtering of metals into the
gaseous phase in cooling flow clusters, but might be the result of the mixing
of low metallicity gas from the outer regions of the cluster during a merger.


  In recent years, groundbreaking advancements in Generative Artificial
Intelligence (GenAI) have triggered a transformative paradigm shift,
significantly influencing various domains. In this work, we specifically
explore an integrated approach, leveraging advanced techniques in GenAI and
computer vision emphasizing image manipulation. The methodology unfolds through
several stages, including depth estimation, the creation of inpaint masks based
on depth information, the generation and replacement of backgrounds utilizing
Stable Diffusion in conjunction with Latent Consistency Models (LCMs), and the
subsequent replacement of clothes and application of aesthetic changes through
an inpainting pipeline. Experiments conducted in this study underscore the
methodology's efficacy, highlighting its potential to produce visually
captivating content. The convergence of these advanced techniques allows users
to input photographs of individuals and manipulate them to modify clothing and
background based on specific prompts without manually input inpainting masks,
effectively placing the subjects within the vast landscape of creative
imagination.


  Observational and theoretical studies point to microquasars (MQs) as possible
counterparts of a significant fraction of the unidentified gamma-ray sources
detected so far. At present, a proper scenario to explain the emission beyond
soft X-rays from these objects is not known, nor what the precise connection is
between the radio and the high-energy radiation. We develop a new model where
the MQ jet is dynamically dominated by cold protons and radiatively dominated
by relativistic leptons. The matter content and power of the jet are both
related with the accretion process. The magnetic field is assumed to be close
to equipartition, although it is attached to and dominated by the jet matter.
For the relativistic particles in the jet, their maximum energy depends on both
the acceleration efficiency and the energy losses. The model takes into account
the interaction of the relativistic jet particles with the magnetic field and
all the photon and matter fields. Such interaction produces significant amounts
of radiation from radio to very high energies through synchrotron, relativistic
Bremsstrahlung, and inverse Compton (IC) processes. Variability of the emission
produced by changes in the accretion process (e.g. via orbital eccentricity) is
also expected. The effects of the gamma-ray absorption by the external photon
fields on the gamma-ray spectrum have been taken into account, revealing clear
spectral features that might be observed. This model is consistent to the
accretion scenario, energy conservation laws, and current observational
knowledge, and can provide deeper physical information of the source when
tested against multiwavelength data.


  Using the CLEO-II detector, we have obtained evidence for a new meson
decaying to $D^0 K^+$. Its mass is $2573.2^{+1.7}_{-1.6}\pm 0.8\pm 0.5$
{}~MeV/$c^2$ and its width is $16^{+5}_{-4}\pm 3$~MeV/$c^2$. Although we do not
establish its spin and parity, the new meson is consistent with predictions for
an $L=1$, $S=1$, $J_P=2^+$ charmed strange state.


  The applications for IEC 61499 that is standard architecture for developing
the applications of distributed control and measurement in factory automation,
have the connected structure of the graphical elements called BFB(basic
function block), SIFB(service interface function block) and CFB(composite
function block). The research on the composite function block has been regarded
as important issues in implementing hierarchy, multi-functionality and
simplicity of software. Nowadays many researchers have been investigated
IEC61499 in the fields of the software modeling composed of basic function
block and service interface function block, the transformation from IEC61131 to
IEC61499 and syntactic extension of ECC of basic function block. However, work
related to the mathematical modeling for IEC61499 composite function block
using in designing software with hierarchical structure is still lacking. This
paper presents the mathematical model for the structure and execution analysis
of IEC 61499 composite function blocks by using notation of the set theory.
Also a subaplication configuration algorithm is suggested for the
subapplication corresponding to the composite function block. Then its
effectiveness through the computation experiment of several distributed control
applications is shown. The proposed model can be used effectively as a basis
for analyzing a runtime environment of a software tool for designing and
developing the applications.


  We present the first catalog of very-high energy and ultra-high energy
gamma-ray sources detected by the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory
(LHAASO). The catalog was compiled using 508 days of data collected by the
Water Cherenkov Detector Array (WCDA) from March 2021 to September 2022 and 933
days of data recorded by the Kilometer Squared Array (KM2A) from January 2020
to September 2022. This catalog represents the main result from the most
sensitive large coverage gamma-ray survey of the sky above 1 TeV, covering
declination from $-$20$^{\circ}$ to 80$^{\circ}$. In total, the catalog
contains 90 sources with an extended size smaller than $2^\circ$ and a
significance of detection at $> 5\sigma$. Based on our source association
criteria, 32 new TeV sources are proposed in this study. Among the 90 sources,
43 sources are detected with ultra-high energy ($E > 100$ TeV) emission at $>
4\sigma$ significance level. We provide the position, extension, and spectral
characteristics of all the sources in this catalog.


  Electrical waves in the heart form rotating spiral or scroll waves during
life-threatening arrhythmias such as atrial or ventricular fibrillation. The
wave dynamics are typically modeled using coupled partial differential
equations, which describe reaction-diffusion dynamics in excitable media. More
recently, data-driven generative modeling has emerged as an alternative to
generate spatio-temporal patterns in physical and biological systems. Here, we
explore denoising diffusion probabilistic models for the generative modeling of
electrical wave patterns in cardiac tissue. We trained diffusion models with
simulated electrical wave patterns to be able to generate such wave patterns in
unconditional and conditional generation tasks. For instance, we explored the
diffusion-based i) parameter-specific generation, ii) evolution and iii)
inpainting of spiral wave dynamics, including reconstructing three-dimensional
scroll wave dynamics from superficial two-dimensional measurements. Further, we
generated arbitrarily shaped bi-ventricular geometries and simultaneously
initiated scroll wave patterns inside these geometries using diffusion. We
characterized and compared the diffusion-generated solutions to solutions
obtained with corresponding biophysical models and found that diffusion models
learn to replicate spiral and scroll waves dynamics so well that they could be
used for data-driven modeling of excitation waves in cardiac tissue. For
instance, an ensemble of diffusion-generated spiral wave dynamics exhibits
similar self-termination statistics as the corresponding ensemble simulated
with a biophysical model. However, we also found that diffusion models {produce
artifacts if training data is lacking, e.g. during self-termination,} and
`hallucinate' wave patterns when insufficiently constrained.


  APIs have intricate relations that can be described in text and represented
as knowledge graphs to aid software engineering tasks. Existing relation
extraction methods have limitations, such as limited API text corpus and
affected by the characteristics of the input text.To address these limitations,
we propose utilizing large language models (LLMs) (e.g., GPT-3.5) as a neural
knowledge base for API relation inference. This approach leverages the entire
Web used to pre-train LLMs as a knowledge base and is insensitive to the
context and complexity of input texts. To ensure accurate inference, we design
our analytic flow as an AI Chain with three AI modules: API FQN Parser, API
Knowledge Extractor, and API Relation Decider. The accuracy of the API FQN
parser and API Relation Decider module are 0.81 and 0.83, respectively. Using
the generative capacity of the LLM and our approach's inference capability, we
achieve an average F1 value of 0.76 under the three datasets, significantly
higher than the state-of-the-art method's average F1 value of 0.40. Compared to
CoT-based method, our AI Chain design improves the inference reliability by
67%, and the AI-crowd-intelligence strategy enhances the robustness of our
approach by 26%.


  It has been shown that the evolution of collectivity in ultra-relativistic
heavy ion collision is manifested in the variation of various HBT radii with
invariant mass ($M$) extracted from the correlation functions of two lepton
pairs. The value of the radial velocity ($v_r$) can be estimated from the ratio
of the $p_T$ distributions of single photons to lepton pairs for various $M$
windows. It has been argued that the variation of radial flow with appropriate
kinematic variables can be used as an indicator of a phase transition from
initially produced partons to hadrons. We also consider the elliptic flow
($v_2^{HF}$) of the matter as probed by the single electron spectra originating
from the semileptonic decays of heavy mesons. The measured values of $v_2^{HF}$
and the nuclear suppression factor ($R_{\mathrm AA}$) at RHIC energy have been
reproduced simultaneously by including both the collisional and radiative
processes within the scope of perturbative quantum chromodynamics. The
$R_{\mathrm AA}$ and $v_2^{HF}$ have been predicted for LHC energy.


  We present a representation for permutation groups as the automorphism group
of an ordered set $U$ such that the automorphism group's action on a subset
$T\subseteq U$ is the permutation group itself. For many imprimitive
permutation groups, the representation uses fewer points than the smallest
representations to date.


  Sequence-to-sequence (Seq2Seq) models with attention have excelled at tasks
which involve generating natural language sentences such as machine
translation, image captioning and speech recognition. Performance has further
been improved by leveraging unlabeled data, often in the form of a language
model. In this work, we present the Cold Fusion method, which leverages a
pre-trained language model during training, and show its effectiveness on the
speech recognition task. We show that Seq2Seq models with Cold Fusion are able
to better utilize language information enjoying i) faster convergence and
better generalization, and ii) almost complete transfer to a new domain while
using less than 10% of the labeled training data.


  Dependence logic provides an elegant approach for introducing dependencies
between variables into the object language of first-order logic. In [1]
generalized quantifiers were introduced in this context. However, a
satisfactory account was only achieved for monotone increasing generalized
quantifiers.
  In this paper, we modify the fundamental semantical guideline of dependence
logic to create a framework that adequately handles both monotone and
non-monotone generalized quantifiers. We demonstrate that this new logic can
interpret dependence logic and possesses the same expressive power as
existential second-order logic (ESO) on the level of formulas. Additionally, we
establish truth conditions for generalized quantifiers and prove that the
extended logic remains conservative over first-order logic with generalized
quantifiers and is able to express the branching of continuous generalized
quantifiers.


  The measurability of multiple quasinormal (QN) modes, including overtones and
higher harmonics, with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna is investigated
by computing the gravitational wave (GW) signal induced by an intermediate or
extreme mass ratio merger involving a supermassive black hole (SMBH). We
confirm that the ringdown of rapidly spinning black holes are long-lived, and
higher harmonics of the ringdown are significantly excited for mergers of small
mass ratios. We investigate the measurability and separability of the QN modes
for such mergers and demonstrate that the observation of GWs from rapidly
rotating SMBHs has an advantage for detecting superposed QN modes and testing
the no-hair theorem of black holes.


  Using SDSS Stripe82 data we have obtained deep radial surface brightness
profiles of 7 face-on to intermediate inclined late-type spirals down to \sim
30 mag arcsec^-2 in the r'-band. We do not find any evidence for a sharp
cut-off of the light distribution of the disks but a smooth continuation into
the stellar halos of galaxies. Stellar halos start to affect the surface
brightness profiles of the galaxies at \sim 28 mag arcsec^-2, and at a radial
distance of \sim 4-10 inner scale-lengths. We find that the light contribution
from the stellar halo could be responsible of previous classification of
surface brightness profiles as Type III in late-type galaxies. In order to
estimate the contribution of the stellar halo light to the total galaxy light,
we carried out a Bulge/Disk/Stellar Halo decomposition by simoultaneously
fitting all components. The light contribution of the halo to the total galaxy
light varies from ~ 1% to ~ 5%, but in case of ongoing mergers, the halo light
fraction can be as high as ~ 10%, independently of the luminosities of the
galaxies. We have also explored the integrated (g'-r') color of the stellar
halo of our galaxies. We find (g'-r') colors ranging from ~ 0.4 to ~ 1.2. By
confronting these colors with model predictions, we encounter problems to fit
our very red colors onto stellar population grids with conventional IMFs. Very
red halo colors can be attributed to stellar populations dominated by very low
mass stars of low to intermediate metallicity produced by bottom-heavy IMFs.


  We determine the Lusztig restrictions on the space of class functions with a
unipotent support on a finite reductive group. In particular we give a simple
expression for the Lusztig restrictions of the generalized Green functions and
we describe the Lusztig restrictions of the generalized Gelfand-Graev
representations. We make explicit computations for the Gelfand-Graev
representations associated to the subregular unipotent class. In the case of
SLn we show that the computations can be reduced to the case of GLn' for
various n'.


  We study the heat relaxation in current biased metallic films in the regime
of strong electron-phonon coupling. A thermal gradient in the direction normal
to the film is predicted, with a spatial temperature profile determined by the
temperature-dependent heat conduction. In the case of strong phonon scattering
the heat conduction occurs predominantly via the electronic system and the
profile is parabolic. This regime leads to the linear dependence of the noise
temperature as a function of voltage bias, in spite of the fact that all the
dimensions of the film are large compared to the electron-phonon relaxation
length. This is in stark contrast to the conventional scenario of relaxation
limited by the electron-phonon scattering rate. A preliminary experimental
study of a 200 nm thick NbN film indicates the relevance of our model for
materials used in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors.


  The coding problem for wiretap channels with causal channel state information
(CSI) available at the encoder (Alice) and/or the decoder (Bob) is studied. We
are concerned here particularily with the problem of achievable secret-message
secret-key rate pairs under the semantic security criterion. Our main result
extends all the previous results on achievable rates as given by Chia and El
Gamal [10], Fujita [11], and Han and Sasaki [23]. In order to do this, we first
derive a unifying theorem (Theorem 2) with causal CSI at Alice, which follows
immediately by leveraging the unifying seminal theorem for wiretap channels
with non-causal CSI at Alice as recently established by Bunin et al. [22]. The
only thing to do here is just to re-interpret the latter non-causal one in a
causal manner. A prominent feature of this approach is that we are able to
dispense with the block-Markov encoding scheme as used in the previous works.
Also, the exact secret-message key capacity region for wiretap channels with
non-causal CSI at both Alice and Bob is given.


  We study 4d exceptional S-fold SCFTs obtained from the 6d $(2,0)$ theories of
type $E_{6,7,8}$. We show that all but one of these theories are discrete
gaugings of free theories because they do not admit a consistent charge
lattice. We compute the 1-form symmetry of the only interacting theory, the
$k=4$ exceptional S-fold SCFT of type $E_8$, and find that it is trivial. Along
the way we develop a consistency condition for the Coulomb Branch
stratification of $\mathcal{N}=2$ SCFTs with characteristic dimension
$\varkappa \neq \{1,2\}$ and show that the triviality of (most) exceptional
S-fold SCFTs follows directly from this constraint.


  The theoretical and experimental bases of neutrino mass and mixing are
reviewed. A brief chronological evolution of the weak interactions, the
electroweak Standard Model, and neutrinos is presented. Dirac and Majorana mass
terms are explained as well as models such as the seesaw mechanism. Schemes for
two, three and four neutrino mixings are presented.


  The second known outburst of the WZ Sge type dwarf nova GW Lib was observed
in April 2007. We have obtained unique multiwavelength data of this outburst
which lasted ~ 26 days. AAVSO observers recorded the outburst in the optical,
which was also monitored by WASP, with a peak V magnitude of ~ 8. The outburst
was followed in the UV and X-ray wavelengths by the Swift UVOT and XRT
telescopes. The X-ray flux at optical maximum was found to be three orders of
magnitude above the pre-outburst quiescent level, whereas X-rays are normally
suppressed during dwarf nova outbursts. A distinct supersoft X-ray component
was also detected at optical maximum, which probably arises from an
optically-thick boundary layer. Follow-up Swift observations taken one and two
years after the outburst show that the post-outburst quiescent X-ray flux
remains an order of magnitude higher than the pre-outburst flux. The long
interoutburst timescale of GW Lib with no observed normal outbursts support the
idea that the inner disc in GW Lib is evacuated or the disc viscosity is very
low.


  We demonstrate the creation of a charge density wave (CDW) along a stack of
coupled Josephson junctions in layered superconductors. Electric charge in each
superconducting layer oscillates around some average value, forming a breathing
CDW. We show the transformation of a longitudinal plasma wave to CDW in the
state corresponding to the outermost branch. Transitions between different
types of CDW's related to the inner branches of current voltage characteristics
are demonstrated. The effect of the external electromagnetic irradiation on the
states corresponding to the inner branches differs crucially from the case of
the single Josephson junction. The Shapiro steps in the IV-characteristics of
the junctions in the stack do not correspond directly to the frequency of
radiation $\omega$. The system of Josephson junctions behaves like a single
whole system: the Shapiro steps or their harmonics in the total
IV-characteristics appear at voltage $\sum V_l=N_R\frac{m}{n}\omega$, where
$V_l$ is the voltage in $l$-th junction, $N_R$ is the number of JJ in the
rotating state, and $m$ and $n$ are integer numbers.


  Functional MRI (fMRI) is widely used to examine brain functionality by
detecting alteration in oxygenated blood flow that arises with brain activity.
In this study, complexity specific image categorization across different visual
datasets is performed using fMRI time series (TS) to understand differences in
neuronal activities related to vision. Publicly available BOLD5000 dataset is
used for this purpose, containing fMRI scans while viewing 5254 images of
diverse categories, drawn from three standard computer vision datasets: COCO,
ImageNet and SUN. To understand vision, it is important to study how brain
functions while looking at different images. To achieve this, spatial encoding
of fMRI BOLD TS has been performed that uses classical Gramian Angular Field
(GAF) and Markov Transition Field (MTF) to obtain 2D BOLD TS, representing
images of COCO, Imagenet and SUN. For classification, individual GAF and MTF
features are fed into regular CNN. Subsequently, parallel CNN model is employed
that uses combined 2D features for classifying images across COCO, Imagenet and
SUN. The result of 2D CNN models is also compared with 1D LSTM and Bi-LSTM that
utilizes raw fMRI BOLD signal for classification. It is seen that parallel CNN
model outperforms other network models with an improvement of 7% for
multi-class classification. Clinical relevance- The obtained result of this
analysis establishes a baseline in studying how differently human brain
functions while looking at images of diverse complexities.


  We report on a NIR, optical and X-ray campaign performed in 2017 with the
XMM-Newton and Swift satellites and the VLT/HAWK-I instrument on the
transitional MSP PSR J1023+0038. NIR observations were performed in
fast-photometric mode in order to detect any fast variation of the flux and
correlate them with the optical and X-ray light curves. The optical curve shows
the typical sinusoidal modulation at the orbital period (4.75hr). No flaring or
flickering is found in the optical, neither signs of transitions between active
and passive states. On the contrary, the NIR curve displays a bimodal
behaviour, showing strong flares in the first part of the curve, and an almost
flat trend in the rest. The X-ray curves show a few low/high mode transitions,
but no flaring activity. One of the low/high mode transition is found to happen
at the same time as the emission of an infrared flare. This can be interpreted
as the emission of a jet: the NIR flare could be due to the evolving spectrum
of the jet, which possesses a break frequency that moves from higher (NIR) to
lower (radio) frequencies after the launching, that has to happen at the
low/high mode transition. We also present the cross correlation function
between the optical and near infrared curves. Due to the bimodality of the NIR
curve, we divided it in two parts (flaring and quiet). While the CCF of the
quiet part is found to be flat, the one referring to the flaring part shows a
narrow peak at ~10s, which indicates a delay of the NIR emission with respect
to the optical. This lag can be interpreted as reprocessing of the optical
emission at the light cylinder radius with a stream of matter spiraling around
the system due to a phase of radio-ejection. This strongly supports a different
origin of the NIR flares observed for PSR J1023+0038 with respect to the
optical and X-ray flaring activity reported in other works on the same source.


  We regard Forcing Notions P adding real numbers and the algebras of
P-measurable sets. As for Cohen- and Random-Forcing we can show that each
analytic set is P-measurable using Solovay's Unfolding Trick for infinite
games. To show this we develop the notion of strategic fusion and give a proof
of a uniform unfolding theorem which allows us to reduce the proof of analytic
measurability to the definition of a certain function.


  We introduce a simple framework in which market participants update their
prior about an efficient price with a model-based learning process. We show
that exponential intensities for the arrival of aggressive orders arise
naturally in this setting. Our approach allows us to fully describe market
dynamics in the case with Brownian efficient price and informed market takers.
We are also able to revisit the emergence of market impact due to meta-order
splitting, making several connections with existing literature.


  There still exist many confusions about the black hole information paradox
and its resolution. We first give a precise formulation of the paradox, in four
steps A-D. Then we examine several proposals for resolving the paradox. We note
that in each case one of these four steps has been ignored, so that the
proposal does not really target the essence of the paradox. Finally, we give a
brief summary of the fuzzball construction and argue that it resolves the
paradox in string theory. This resolution contains a deep lesson -- the phase
space of quantum gravity is so large that the measure in the path integral can
compete with the classical action for macroscopic objects undergoing
gravitational collapse.


  When valuable delicate goods are shipped by truck, attention must be paid to
vibrations that may cause damage. We present a case study of moving an
extremely delicate 6230-kg superconducting magnet, immersed in liquid nitrogen,
from Livermore, CA to Seattle, WA showing the steps of fatigue analysis of the
load, a test move, and acceleration monitoring of the final move to ensure a
successful damage-free transport.


  The radiatively induced Lorentz and CPT violating Chern-Simons terms in QED
is calculated based on the recently developed loop regularization method [Y.L.
Wu, Int.J.Mod.Phys.A18 (2003) 5363, hep-th/0209021; Y.L. Wu, Mod.Phys.Lett.A19
(2004) 2191, hep-th/0311082] for quantum field theories. It enables us to make
general comments on the various results in literature and obtain a consistent
result when simultaneously combining the evaluation for the chiral anomaly
which has a unique form once the vector current is kept conserved.


  The traditional master-slave teleoperation relies on human expertise without
correction mechanisms, resulting in excessive physical and mental workloads. To
address these issues, a co-pilot-in-the-loop control framework is investigated
for cooperative teleoperation. A deep deterministic policy gradient(DDPG) based
agent is realised to effectively restore the master operators' intents without
prior knowledge on time delay. The proposed framework allows for introducing an
operator (i.e., co-pilot) to generate commands at the slave side, whose weights
are optimally assigned online through DDPG-based arbitration, thereby enhancing
the command robustness in the case of possible human operational errors. With
the help of interval type-2(IT2) Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy identification,
force feedback can be reconstructed at the master side without a sense of
delay, thus ensuring the telepresence performance in the force-sensor-free
scenarios. Two experimental applications validate the effectiveness of the
proposed framework.


  Generalized transversity distributions encode essential information on the
internal structure of hadrons related to transversely polarized quarks. Lattice
QCD allows us to compute the lowest moments of these tensor generalized parton
distributions. In this talk, we discuss a first lattice study of the Soffer
bound and show preliminary results for transverse spin densities of quarks in
the nucleon.


  The availability of inexpensive devices allows nowadays to implement
cognitive radio functionalities in large-scale networks such as the
internet-of-things and future mobile cellular systems. In this paper, we focus
on wideband spectrum sensing in the presence of oversampling, i.e., the
sampling frequency of a digital receiver is larger than the signal bandwidth,
where signal detection must take into account the front-end impairments of
low-cost devices. Based on the noise model of a software-defined radio dongle,
we address the problem of robust signal detection in the presence of noise
power uncertainty and non-flat noise power spectral density (PSD). In
particular, we analyze the receiver operating characteristic of several
detectors in the presence of such front-end impairments, to assess the
performance attainable in a real-world scenario. We propose new
frequency-domain detectors, some of which are proven to outperform previously
proposed spectrum sensing techniques such as, e.g., eigenvalue-based tests. The
study shows that the best performance is provided by a noise-uncertainty immune
energy detector (ED) and, for the colored noise case, by tests that match the
PSD of the receiver noise.


  The emerging edge computing has promoted immense interests in compacting a
neural network without sacrificing much accuracy. In this regard, low-rank
tensor decomposition constitutes a powerful tool to compress convolutional
neural networks (CNNs) by decomposing the 4-way kernel tensor into multi-stage
smaller ones. Building on top of Tucker-2 decomposition, we propose a
generalized Higher Order Tucker Articulated Kernels (HOTCAKE) scheme comprising
four steps: input channel decomposition, guided Tucker rank selection, higher
order Tucker decomposition and fine-tuning. By subjecting each CONV layer to
HOTCAKE, a highly compressed CNN model with graceful accuracy trade-off is
obtained. Experiments show HOTCAKE can compress even pre-compressed models and
produce state-of-the-art lightweight networks.


  A new method for controlling harmonic generation, in the framework of quantum
optimal control theory (QOCT), is developed. The problem is formulated in the
frequency domain using a new maximization functional. The relaxation method is
used as the optimization procedure. The new formulation is generalized to other
control problems with requirements in the frequency domain. The method is
applied to several simple problems. The results are analysed and discussed.
General conclusions on harmonic generation mechanisms are obtained.


  The out-of-plane fluctuations of carbon atoms in a graphene sheet have been
studied by means of classical molecular dynamic simulations with an empirical
force-field as a function of temperature. The Fourier analysis of the
out-of-plane fluctuations often applied to characterize the acoustic bending
mode of graphene is extended to the optical branch, whose polarization vector
is perpendicular to the graphene layer. This observable is inaccessible in a
continuous elastic model of graphene but it is readily obtained by the
atomistic treatment. Our results suggest that the long-wavelength limit of the
acoustic out-of-plane fluctuations of a free layer without stress is
qualitatively similar to that predicted by a harmonic model under a tensile
stress. This conclusion is a consequence of the anharmonicity of both in-plane
and out-of-plane vibrational modes of the lattice. The most striking anharmonic
effect is the presence of a linear term, $\omega_{A}=v_{A}k$, in the dispersion
relation of the acoustic bending band of graphene at long wavelengths
($k\rightarrow0$). This term implies a strong reduction of the amplitude of
out-of-plane oscillations in comparison to a flexural mode with a
$k^{2}$-dependence in the long-wavelength limit. Our simulations show an
increase of the sound velocity associated to the bending mode, as well as an
increase of its bending constant, $\kappa,$ as the temperature increases.
Moreover, the frequency of the optical bending mode, $\omega_{O}(\Gamma)$, also
increases with the temperature. Our results are in agreement with recent
analytical studies of the bending modes of graphene using either perturbation
theory or an adiabatic approximation in the framework of continuous layer
models.


  We investigate analytically and numerically a system of clusters evolving via
collisions with clusters of minimal mass (monomers). Each collision either
leads to the addition of the monomer to the cluster or the chipping of a
monomer from the cluster, and emerging behaviors depend on which of the two
processes is more probable. If addition prevails, monomers disappear in a time
that scales as $\ln N$ with the total mass $N\gg 1$, and the system reaches a
jammed state. When chipping prevails, the system remains in a quasi-stationary
state for a time that scales exponentially with $N$, but eventually, a giant
fluctuation leads to the disappearance of monomers. In the marginal case,
monomers disappear in a time that scales linearly with $N$, and the final
supercluster state is a peculiar jammed state, viz., it is not extensive.


  The detection of liquid water by the Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and
Ionosphere Sounding (MARSIS) at the base of the south polar layered deposits in
Ultimi Scopuli has reinvigorated the debate about the origin and stability of
liquid water under present-day Martian conditions. To establish the extent of
subglacial water in this region, we acquired new data, achieving extended radar
coverage over the study area. Here, we present and discuss the results obtained
by a new method of analysis of the complete MARSIS dataset, based on signal
processing procedures usually applied to terrestrial polar ice sheets. Our
results strengthen the claim of the detection of a liquid water body at Ultimi
Scopuli and indicate the presence of other wet areas nearby. We suggest that
the waters are hypersaline perchlorate brines, known to form at Martian polar
regions and thought to survive for an extended period of time on a geological
scale at below-eutectic temperatures.


  The purpose of this note is to exhibit clearly how the "graphical
condensation" identities of Kuo, Yan, Yeh and Zhang follow from classical
Pfaffian identities by the Kasteleyn-Percus method for the enumeration of
matchings. Knuth termed the relevant identities "overlapping Pfaffian"
identities and the key concept of proof "superpositions of matchings". In our
uniform presentation of the material, we also give an apparently unpublished
general "overlapping Pfaffian" identity of Krattenthaler.
  A previous version of this paper contained an erroneous application of the
Kasteleyn-Percus method, which is now corrected.


  The content of this work is concerned with Jordan-Schwinger calculus using
$q$-deformed bosons.