of control over policy in the antebellum years). The subsequent expansion of central power resulted in part from ratification of the post-Civil War Amendments and the increasingly broad interpretation of the Commerce Clause and spending power in response to the growth of our national technological, economic and social systems. Nevertheless, even the Civil War, the Thirteenth, Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments, and enormous rece the background principle of state sovereign immunity embodied in the Eleventh Amendment is not so ephemeral as to dissipate when the subject of the suit is an area, like the regulation of Indian commerce, that is under the exclusive control of the Federal Government”); United States v. Lopez, 514 U.S. 549, 115 S.Ct. 1624, 131 L.Ed.2d 626 (1995) (<HOLDING>); id. at 567, 115 S.Ct. 1624 (“To uphold the
holding that the gunfree school zone act exceeds congresss authority to regulate commerce holding that the gunfree school zones act exceeds congress power under the commerce clause holding that congress could abrogate the eleventh amendment pursuant to the commerce clause holding that gunfree school zones act of 1990 which proscribed possession of a firearm within 1000 feet of a school exceeded congressional authority under commerce clause because it reached conduct that did not substantially affect or have a meaningful connection with interstate commerce holding that 42 usc  13981 exceeds congresss authority under the commerce clause