(10th Cir. 2012) (concluding that a defendant lacked standing to challenge constitutionality of mandatory minimum because the “Actual sentence of eighty-seven months was not affected by the statutorily prescribed mandatory minimum” but was instead based on "the § 3553(a) factors and the Guidelines"),. 56 . See United States v. Twigg, 588 F.2d 373, 378 (3d Cir. 1978). 57 . See id. at 375-76, 380-81. 58 . Id. at 381. 59 . United States v. Combs, 827 F.3d 790, 795 (8th Cir. 2016). 60 . See United States v. Fattah, 858 F.3d 801, 813 (3d Cir. 2017) (citing Twigg for the proposition that ''[t]his Court has granted relief on a claim of outrageous government misconduct only once”). 61 . 826 F.3d 683, 694-95 (3d Cir. 2016); see also United States v. Mohamud, 843 F.3d 420, 435 (9th Cir. 2016) (<HOLDING>). 62 . See United States v. Sed, 601 F.3d 224,
holding that defendants bear the burden of showing that the challenged act was objectively reasonable citation omitted recognizing that dismissal is warranted only in extreme cases citation omitted holding that severe recklessness satisfies scienter requirement citation omitted recognizing that a plaintiff may be able to establish that the statute is unconstitutional by showing that the statute lacks any plainly legitimate sweep  citation omitted holding that ij properly based adverse credibility finding on omission in asylum application where omitted fact went  to the heart of the asylum claim  citation omitted