100, 109 (2002). While the Third Congressional District is not contiguous by land, it is legally contiguous because all segments of the district border the James River. Trial Tr. 74:22-24. Therefore, the Third Congressional Dis trict is legally contiguous under Virginia Law. See Wilkins, 571 S.E.2d at 109; see also Trial Tr. 221:12-14. Yet contiguity and other traditional districting principles are “important not because they are constitutionally required,” but rather “because they are objective factors” courts may consider in assessing racial gerrymandering claims. Shaw I, 509 U.S. at 647, 113 S.Ct. 2816. To show that race predominated, Plaintiffs need not establish that the legislature disregarded every traditional districting principle. See Miller, 515 U.S. at 917, 115 S.Ct. 2475 (<HOLDING>). Rather, we consider irregularities in the
recognizing that circumstantial evidence alone can be sufficient to demonstrate a defendants guilt holding that circumstantial evidence such as shape does not need to be sufficient standing alone to establish a racial gerrymandering claim holding that circumstantial evidence alone may establish discriminatory intent holding that circumstantial evidence alone is sufficient to support a cocaine conspiracy conviction holding that such circumstantial evidence may be used to prove discrimination