sufficient evidence on the elements of the fraud claim to sustain the verdict returned in her favor. See id. at 5-6. In challenging on appeal the district court’s denial of its Rule 50 motions, Crown Auto stands by its position that the pleading requirements of Rule 9(b) restrict the fraud claim to its higher-mileage-only theory. Having carefully considered the issue, however, we agree with the court’s rejection of that proposition. That is, the paragraph 34 allegation, together with other allegations made in the “Statement of Facts” and incorporated by reference into the “Actual Fraud” claim, state with sufficient particularity the broader mileage- and-clipping theory of the fraud claim. Cf. Superior Bank, F.S.B. v. Tandem Nat’l Mortgage, Inc., 197 F.Supp.2d 298, 314 (D.Md.2000) (<HOLDING>). Moreover, the evidence was entirely
holding that a mere passing reference or even references however to a document outside the complaint does not on its own incorporate the document into the complaint itself citation omitted recognizing that where fraud counts incorporate by reference all preceding paragraphs of complaint an examination of the entire complaint is necessary to determine if pleading requirements of rule 9b are satisfied holding that group pleading did not render complaint infirm where complaint provided fair notice of claims holding that documents affixed to complaint that contained alleged misrepresentations satisfied rule 9b holding a complaint failed to satisfy rule 9b where the allegations were lacking in detail