de novo. Lopez-Cardona v. Holder, 662 F.3d 1110, 1111 (9th Cir.2011). Factual findings are reviewed for substantial evidence and are treated as conclusive unless the record compels a contrary conclusion. Id. We review a denial of asylum, withholding of removal, or protection under CAT for substantial evidence. Sinha v. Holder, 564 F.3d 1015, 1020, 1025 (9th Cir.2009). Wang failed to challenge the IJ’s denial of withholding of removal or protection under CAT. We deem those claims waived. See Rizk v. Holder, 629 F.3d 1083, 1091 n. 3 (9th Cir.2011). Substantial evidence supports the IJ’s denial of asylum because the totality of the circumstances of Wang’s detention does not compel a finding that he suffered past persecution. See Gu v. Gonzales, 454 F.3d 1014, 1017-18, 1020 (9th Cir.2006) (<HOLDING>); Al-Saher v. INS, 268 F.3d 1143, 1145-46 (9th
holding that a finding of persecution was not compelled where an alien was arrested detained at a police station for three days interrogated for two hours and hit ten times with a rod in a manner that caused temporary red marks but required no medieal treatment holding that detention for three hours in a checkpoint station required probable cause holding that a driver was an independent contractor where he had unfettered discretion to determine the days and times he worked with no minimum or maximum number of hours or days imposed by the defendant holding that court was not compelled to find past persecution or a wellfounded fear of persecution where the petitioner was arrested detained for four hours and experienced some physical mistreatment holding that the record did not compel a finding of persecution where an alien was detained for five or six days