is reasonable where the police officer has probable cause to believe that a crime is being committed or was committed. Devenpeck v. Alford, - U.S. -, 125 S.Ct. 588, 593, 160 L.Ed.2d 537 (2004). "[The decision to stop an automobile is reasonable where the police have probable cause to believe that a traffic violation has occurred." Whren v. United States, 517 U.S. 806, 810, 116 S.Ct. 1769, 135 L.Ed.2d 89 (1996); People v. Altman, 938 P.2d 142, 145 (Colo.1997) (finding that a cracked windshield and illegible license plate gave rise to reasonable suspicion that criminal activity had occurred or was occurring). The Fourth Amendment does not require the offense that established probable cause be "closely related" to the offense charged by the arresting officer. Devenpeck, 125 S.Ct. at 594 (<HOLDING>). The subjective intention of an officer is
recognizing affirmative duty of a police officer to prevent the violation of constitutional rights by another officer holding officer may search vehicle for weapons if officer has reasonable belief based on articulable facts that officer or another may be in danger holding that a police officer may stop a driver where the officer has a reasonable and articulable suspicion regarding the commission of a civil traffic violation recognizing that police officer may stop a suspect if the officer has a reasonable suspicion supported by articulable facts that criminal activity may be afoot holding that the initial stop by officer was based on reasonable suspicion that defendant was impersonating a police officer although another officer arrested defendant for privacy act violation