that the mens rea requirement applies only to the conduct involved,” namely transferring, possessing or using, “and not to any other elements of the offense.” Id. Put differently, to sustain a conviction under § 1028A, the government was required to prove simply that the defendant knew that the passport he presented to airport officials on July 11, 2005 was fraudulent.' The .government has clearly satisfied its burden in this regard. And, contrary to defendant’s contentions, the statute does not require that the government prove, in addition, that defendant knew that the identifying information contained in the fraudulent passport belonged to an actual individual. To read § 1028A otherwise would effectively narrow ; see also United States v. Floresca, 38 F.3d 706, 710 (4th Cir.1994) (<HOLDING>). 9 . Although inexplicably not charged by the
holding that in the situation of a possible dismissal of an indictment because of possible grand jury tampering  only where knowing perjury relating to a material matter has been presented to the grand jury should the trial judge dismiss an otherwise valid indictment holding that the trial court erred in denying the defendants motion in arrest of judgment when the indictment lacked a material element and it was not apparent that the grand jury based the indictment on facts that satisfy this element of the crime and that the only permissible cure was to send the matter back to the grand jury recognizing that although no obstruction occurs when an individual lies to fbi agents who might or might not testify before a grand jury it may occur if the agents acted as an arm of the grand jury or indeed that the grand jury had even summoned the testimony of these particular agents recognizing that a constructive amendment to an indictment occurs when either the government the court or both broadens the possible bases for conviction beyond those presented by the grand jury holding that constructive amendments alter or expand the essential elements of the offense contained in the indictment such that the possible bases for conviction go beyond what is contained in the indictment