was kidnaped from a bus stop near their home. No word of him or from him has ever been received. Soon afterward, his supposed kidnapers, believed to be guerillas, threatened Valiente-Herrera, then attempted to abduct her in the .2002) (stating that petitioner testified about many people who were kidnaped and killed by guerillas for them membership in a political organization); Chanchavac v. INS, 207 F.3d 584, 590 (9th Cir.2000) (citing “extensive evidence of political and social turmoil in Guat r.2000)). In addition, Valiente-Herrera clearly experienced past persecution when guerrillas kidnaped her husband, threatened and attempted to abduct her, and tried to take her two-year-old son right out of her arms. See Khup v. Ashcroft, 2004 U.S.App. LEXIS 14656, *9-*10 (July 16, 2004) (<HOLDING>). Therefore, the IJ’s determination that
holding that threats standing alone generally do not constitute past persecution holding that a showing of past persecution creates a rebuttable presumption of future persecution holding that the statement i have a gun is a threat of death holding that death and torture of petitioners friend and associate and threat against petitioner were sufficient to constitute past persecution holding that court was not compelled to find past persecution or a wellfounded fear of persecution where the petitioner was arrested detained for four hours and experienced some physical mistreatment