§ 924(c) conviction is invalid after Bailey and Bousley, it argues we are prohibited from reaching the merits of his claim because Abdullah did not present his Bailey/Bousley challenge on direct appeal or in the § 2255 proceedings below. Alternatively, the government argues the claim is barred by AEDPA’s one-year limitations period. We assume for purposes of this appeal that Abdullah did not procedurally default his Bailey claim by failing to raise it on direct appeal. Notwithstanding such an assumption, we conclude the claim is barred because Abdullah failed to adequately raise the issue before the district court in this § 2255 proceeding. Generally, a habeas claim cannot be raised by a petitioner for the first time on appeal. See, e.g., Petty v. Card, 195 F.3d 399, 400 (8th Cir.1999) (<HOLDING>), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 121 S.Ct. 78, 148
holding that issues not raised before the district court cannot be raised for the first time before this court holding that the convention claim was procedurally defaulted holding that court may address procedurally defaulted claim on the merits where it is more efficient to do so holding that habeas claim not included in petition and never raised by petitioner before the district court as basis for habeas relief is procedurally defaulted holding that an argument not raised before the district court is procedurally defaulted