theory, once the police ... [make] a show of authority designed to produce a stop, the Fourth Amendment is implicated. If, in response to unjustified police actions, the suspect thereafter abandons the property he or she is carrying, then the property abandoned, be it illegal drugs, stolen goods, or other evidence, normally cannot be used against the accused. Clancy, The Supreme Court’s Search for a Definition of a Seizure: What is a “Seizure” of a Person Within the Meaning of the Fourth Amendment? 27 AvlCRIm. L.Rev. 619, 648 (1990). It is undisputed that Johnson denied ownership of the gun when Silvers showed it to him. Tr. at 53, 71. He can thus be fairly said to have exhibited the requisite intent to abandon the gun. See United States v. Veatch, 674 F.2d 1217, 1221 (9th Cir.1981) (<HOLDING>); see also United States v. Canady, 615 F.2d
holding due process is not violated when failure to receive notice is the result of attorneys decision to abandon law practice holding that neither the language nor the legislative history of the fcpa indicates the congressional intent to create a private right of action holding that a demal of ownership indicates intent to abandon holding that shall generally indicates a mandatory intent unless a convincing argument to the contrary is made holding use of word may generally indicates permissive rather than mandatory intent