police vehicle for questioning often precedes a finding of a formal arrest. See Lopez-Medina, 461 F.3d at 740; United States v. Obasa, 15 F.3d 603, 608 (6th Cir. 1994). Under the totality of the circumstances, the Court finds that Pacheco’s continued detention ripened into an arrest requiring probable cause. Start with the length of the detention: following the traffic stop, Pacheco was forced into the back of a sheriffs cruiser for over an hour while Agent Myers questioned him and tried to obtain consent to search his home. This amounted to more than a mere investigative detention, because “[g]enerally, a detention involves no more than a brief stop, interrogation and, under proper circumstances, a brief check for weapons.” See Vargas Ramirez, 93 F.Supp.3d at 1219 (quotation omitted) (<HOLDING>). Consider also Pacheco’s transportation—first
holding that police officer did not subject arrestee to excessive force by requiring him to stay outside in cold temperatures during an investigation that lasted more than an hour holding that a temporary order with no fixed time period had lasted so long as to make judicial review timely holding that escorting the defendant from a baggage claim area to a dea office approximately 75 yards away was an arrest and that his consent to the search of his bag in that office was tainted by the illegal seizure holding that immigrationrelated seizure which lasted approximately one hour constituted formal arrest holding duration of stop was reasonable as it lasted under thirty minutes