controlled substances. 21 U.S.C. § 841(a), (b). In the case of an offense involving 50 grams or more of methamphetamine, § 841(b) (1) (A) (viii) provides that the term of imprisonment will be at least 10 years and not more than life imprisonment. 21 U.S.C. § 841 (b)(1)(A)(viii). Villegas-Ortiz was sentenced to 120 months of imprisonment, pursuant to U.S.S.G. § 5Gl.l(b), because the statutorily required minimum sentence for his offense, pursuant to 21 U.S.C. § 841(b)(1)(A), was greater than the maximum of the applicable guidelines range. We have upheld the constitutionality of 21 U.S.C. § 841(b)(l)’s mandatory minimum sentencing provisions against due process, equal protection, and Eighth Amendment challenges. See United States v. Holmes, 838 F.2d 1175, 1177-78 (11th Cir.1988) (<HOLDING>); United States v. Willis, 956 F.2d 248, 251
holding that  841bls prescribed mandatory minimum penalties which are based in part upon the quantity of drugs implicate apprendi holding that the tdjcs prohibition on long hair and beards is rationally related to legitimate state objectives holding that  841bls mandatory minimum provisions were rationally related to the objectives of protecting public health and welfare holding that even if the minimum mandatory exceeds the statutory maximum the court must impose the minimum mandatory holding 1001 ratio is rationally related to objective of protecting public welfare because cocaine base is more dangerous to society than cocaine powder