actions ‘regardless of the fairness of the procedures used to implement them.’ ” Id (quoting Daniels v. Williams, 474 U.S. 327, 331, 106 S.Ct. 662, 88 L.Ed.2d 662 (1986)). To state a substantive due process claim, a plaintiff must demonstrate that (1) he was deprived of “a valid ‘property interest’ in a benefit that was entitled to constitutional protection at the time •■.[he] was deprived of that benefit,” and (2) that the defendants’ actions in depriving him of that interest were “ ‘so outrageously arbitrary as to be a gross abuse of governmental authority.’ ” Lisa’s Party City, Inc. v. Town of Henrietta, 185 F.3d 12, 17 (2d Cir.1999) (quoting Natale v. Town of Ridgefield, 170 F.3d 258, 263 (2d Cir.1999)); see also Ferran v. Town of Nassau, 471 F.3d 363, 369-70 (2d Cir.2006) (<HOLDING>). In the context of substantive due process
holding that to establish a violation of due process an alien must show that she was denied a full and fair opportunity to present her claims internal quotation marks omitted holding that a statute must be construed so that no part of the statute is rendered surplusage or superfluous internal quotation marks and citation omitted recognizing that absent illegality we do not weigh the wisdom of any particular employment decision internal quotation marks and citation omitted holding that the plaintiff must establish that the government misconduct was arbitrary conscienceshocking or oppressive in theconstitutional sense and not merely incorrect or illadvised internal quotation marks and citation omitted holding that statutes are to be interpreted in accordance with the legislative intent and in a manner that will not render the statutes application absurd unreasonable or unjust internal quotation marks and citation omitted