that there “might” be narcotics. It was entirely conjectural and conclusory. The government presented no evidence regarding the basis for the FBI’s third degree of speculation. For all we know, the FBI’s information was based on an anonymous tip providing the same speculative and unsupported assessment of the house. As the Supreme Court recently reaffirmed, such a tip is insufficient to provide reasonable suspicion for an investigatory stop. Florida v. J.L., — U.S. -, -, 120 S.Ct. 1375, 1378, 146 L.Ed.2d 254 (2000). Courts will uphold an investigatory stop based on a tip or other secondary information only when the information possesses sufficient indicia of reliability that are independently corroborated by the police. See Florida v. J.L., — U.S. at ---, 120 S.Ct. at 1378-79 (<HOLDING>); Alabama v. White, 496 U.S. 325, 332, 110
holding an informants tip can establish reasonable suspicion without investigative confirmation if the tip is credible holding that an anonymous tip must have sufficient indicia of reliability to justify a stop and frisk holding that anonymous call that gave police no predictive information to corroborate tip lacked sufficient indicia of reliability to justify stop and frisk holding that an anonymous tip supported a terry stop where the informant provided several details but refused to give his name holding stop invalid where anonymous tip provided no predictive information and therefore left the police without means to test the informants knowledge and credibility