the use of psychological ploys and staged lineups as attempts to elicit a confession, but not all statements obtained by the police are the product of interrogations. See Innis, 446 U.S. at 299, 100 S.Ct. 1682. The length of time that elapses between a request for counsel and when counsel is actually supplied is simply one factor among many to be considered when determining whether a suspect’s waiver was voluntarily given, and we disagree with Allen that the approximately seven hours that elapsed between his request for counsel and his voluntary confession, when viewed in light of all the facts that took place early that morning, resulted in an involuntary or improperly coerced confession under the Fifth Amendment. See United States v. McClinton, 982 F.2d 278, 282 (8th Cir.1993) (<HOLDING>). Reviewing for plain error, we find none. See
holding that issues not raised before a district court are waived on appeal holding that personaljurisdiction challenges not raised in trial court may not be raised for first time on appeal holding that arguments not raised before the trial court are waived holding that fedrcrimp 12b2 requires that challenges based on multiplicitous counts in an indictment and related doublejeopardy problems be raised before trial or they are waived holding that issues not raised before the trial court cannot be raised on appeal