even if that work happens to consist of an idea, procedure or process. 1-2 Nimmer on Copyright § 2.03[D] (internal citations omitted). Similarly, Professor Jane Ginsburg has argued that the Section 102(b) terms "process,” "system,” and "method of operation” should not be under stjod literally for computer programs. Jane Ginsburg, Four Reasons and a Paradox: The Manifest Superiority of Copyright Over Sui Generis Protection of Computer Software, 94 Colum. L.Rev. 2559, 2569-70 (1994). 8 . Each method has a singular purpose or function, and so, the basic function or purpose of a method will be an unprotectable process. Gates Rubber Co. v. Bando Chemical Industries, Ltd., 9 F.3d 823, 836 (10th Cir. 1993); see Apple Computer, Inc. v. Formula Intern. Inc., 725 F.2d 521, 525 (9th Cir.1984) (<HOLDING>). 9 . As to the groupings of methods within a
holding that while a particular set of instructions is copyrightable the underlying computer process is not holding that the denial of due process in a particular case is subject to harmless error analysis holding that it was the degree of fdas involvement in the approval process of a particular device not the pma process itself that resulted in preemption of state cause of action holding that it is not holding that the limitations period is not tolled while a federal habeas petition is pending