based on federal law. The parties’ legal memo randa reflect a level of confusion regarding which causes of action apply to each of the Defendants. Given the interplay between state and federal law as applied to this ease, the Court will address the federal claims first to simplify the analysis. A. Counts VI and VII — 42 U.S.C. § 1983: 14th Amendment and 42 U.S.C. § 1981 As an initial matter, the prayers for relief following Counts VI and VII list only Dr. Fredericksen, Ms. Moses and Mr. Field in their personal capacities. Mr. Williams names neither the Board nor the individuals in their official capacities, so the counts are not barred as actions beyond the scope of 42 U.S.C. § 1983. See Will v. Michigan Dep’t of State Police, 491 U.S. 58, 71, 109 S.Ct. 2304, 105 L.Ed.2d 45 (1989) (<HOLDING>). Rather, these are personal-capacity claims.
holding that states and state officials acting in their official capacity are not persons under  1983 holding that states and state officials acting in their official capacities are not persons subject to liability under  1983 holding that neither a state agency nor its officials acting in their official capacities may be sued under section 1983 holding that such claims however cannot be brought directly against the state or a state agency but only against state officials in their official capacities holding that the doctrine of sovereign immunity bars the recovery of monetary damages under rluipa when state officials are sued in their official capacities